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Lwin, M. W., Timby, E., Ivarsson, A., Eurenius, E., Vaezghasemi, M., Silfverdal, S.-A. & Lindkvist, M. (2023). Abnormal birth weights for gestational age in relation to maternal characteristics in Sweden: a five year cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 23(1), Article ID 976.
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Abnormal birth weights for gestational age in relation to maternal characteristics in Sweden: a five year cross-sectional study
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2023 (Engelska)Ingår i: BMC Public Health, E-ISSN 1471-2458, Vol. 23, nr 1, artikel-id 976Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: Abnormal birth weight - small for gestational age (SGA) and large for gestational age (LGA) - are important indicators for newborn health. Due to changes in lifestyle in recent decades, it is essential to keep up-to-date with the latest information on maternal factors linked to abnormal birth weight. The aim of this study is to investigate SGA and LGA in relation to maternal individual, lifestyle and socioeconomic characteristics.

Methods: This is a register-based cross-sectional study. Self-reported data from Sweden's Salut Programme maternal questionnaires (2010-2014) were linked with records in the Swedish Medical Birth Register (MBR). The analytical sample comprised 5089 singleton live births. A Swedish standard method using ultrasound-based sex-specific reference curves defines the abnormality of birth weight in MBR. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to examine crude and adjusted associations between abnormal birth weights and maternal individual, lifestyle and socioeconomic characteristics. A sensitivity analysis, using alternative definitions of SGA and LGA under the percentile method, was undertaken.

Results: In multivariable logistic regression, maternal age and parity were associated with LGA (aOR = 1.05, CI = 1.00, 1.09) and (aOR = 1.31, CI = 1.09, 1.58). Maternal overweight and obesity were strongly associated with LGA (aOR = 2.28, CI = 1.47, 3.54) and (aOR = 4.55, CI = 2.85, 7.26), respectively. As parity increased, the odds of delivering SGA babies decreased (aOR = 0.59, CI = 0.42, 0.81) and preterm deliveries were associated with SGA (aOR = 9.46, CI = 5.67, 15.79). The well-known maternal determinants of abnormal birthweight, such as unhealthy lifestyles and poor socioeconomic factors, were not statistically significant in this Swedish setting.

Conclusions: The main findings suggest that multiparity, maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity are strong determinants for LGA babies. Public health interventions should address modifiable risk factors, especially maternal overweight and obesity. These findings suggest that overweight and obesity is an emerging public health threat for newborn health. This might also result in the intergenerational transfer of overweight and obesity. These are important messages for public health policy and decision making.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
BioMed Central (BMC), 2023
Nyckelord
Birth weight, Body mass index, Cross-sectional, Large for gestational age, Lifestyle, Maternal obesity, Small for gestational age
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi Reproduktionsmedicin och gynekologi
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-209152 (URN)10.1186/s12889-023-15829-y (DOI)000995510200006 ()37237290 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85160376071 (Scopus ID)
Forskningsfinansiär
Region Västerbotten
Tillgänglig från: 2023-06-26 Skapad: 2023-06-26 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-08-28Bibliografiskt granskad
Yusuf, F. M., San Sebastián, M. & Vaezghasemi, M. (2023). Explaining gender inequalities in overweight people: a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analysis in northern Sweden. International Journal for Equity in Health, 22(1), Article ID 159.
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Explaining gender inequalities in overweight people: a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition analysis in northern Sweden
2023 (Engelska)Ingår i: International Journal for Equity in Health, E-ISSN 1475-9276, Vol. 22, nr 1, artikel-id 159Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: Being overweight and obesity are considered serious public health concerns worldwide. At the population level, factors contributing to overweight as well as the differences in overweight between men and women in terms of prevalence or associated factors are relatively well-known. What is less known is what explains the inequalities in overweight between men and women. In this study, we examined the contribution of material, behavioural, and psychosocial factors in explaining the gender differences in overweight among adults in northern Sweden.

Methods: This study was based on the 2018 Swedish Health on Equal Terms survey, which was carried out in Sweden’s four northernmost regions. The analytical sample consisted of 20,855 participants (47% men) aged 20–84 years. Overweight (including obesity) was the outcome, and the selected explanatory variables were grouped according to three theoretical perspectives: material, behavioural and psychosocial. Descriptive statistics and Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition were applied for analysing the data.

Results: Our study showed that the prevalence of overweight was 64% and 52% among men and women, respectively. It, therefore, revealed a gender gap in overweight people of 11.7% points with explanatory factors accounting for 39% of that gap. This gender gap in overweight people was mostly explained by behavioural variables (19.3%), followed by the materialistic variables and age accounting for 16.2% and 3.1%, respectively. Specifically, having low education, being in the lowest income quintile, alcohol drinking and snus usage contributed to explain 8.4%, 8.9%, 2.8% and 6.3% of the gender difference, respectively.

Conclusions: We found a considerable gender inequality in overweight between men and women. The findings highlight that future overweight prevention initiatives would benefit from targeting the uncovered contributing factors to reduce gender inequalities in overweight people.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
BioMed Central (BMC), 2023
Nyckelord
Sweden, Overweight, Obesity, Gender, Inequalities, Oaxaca decomposition
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-213199 (URN)10.1186/s12939-023-01973-9 (DOI)37608286 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85168712867 (Scopus ID)
Tillgänglig från: 2023-08-23 Skapad: 2023-08-23 Senast uppdaterad: 2024-01-17Bibliografiskt granskad
Vaezghasemi, M., Vogt, T., Lindkvist, M., Pulkki-Brännström, A.-M., Richter Sundberg, L., Lundahl, L., . . . Ivarsson, A. (2023). Multifaceted determinants of social-emotional problems in preschool children in Sweden: An ecological systems theory approach. SSM - Population Health, 21, Article ID 101345.
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Multifaceted determinants of social-emotional problems in preschool children in Sweden: An ecological systems theory approach
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2023 (Engelska)Ingår i: SSM - Population Health, ISSN 2352-8273, Vol. 21, artikel-id 101345Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Social-emotional problems occurring early in life can place children at future risk of adverse health, social and economic outcomes. Determinants of social-emotional problems are multi-layered and originate from different contexts surrounding children, though few studies consider them simultaneously. We adopted a holistic approach by using Bronfenbrenner's process-person-context-time model as a structuring device. We aimed to assess what characteristics of families and children from pregnancy, over birth, and up to 3 years of age are associated with social-emotional problems in boys and girls. This study used regional data from the Salut Programme, a universal health promotion programme implemented in Antenatal and Child Health Care, and data from national Swedish registers. The study population included 6033 3-year-olds and their parents during the period 2010–2018. Distinct logistic regression models for boys and girls were used to assess associations between the family social context, parents' lifestyle, parent's mental health, children's birth characteristics, and indicators of proximal processes (the independent variables); and children's social-emotional problems as measured by the parent-completed Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional between 33 and 41 months of age (the outcome). Overall, a less favourable family social context, detrimental lifestyle of the parents during pregnancy, and parents' mental illness from pregnancy onwards were associated with higher odds of social-emotional problems in 3-year-olds. Higher screentime and infrequent shared book-reading were associated with higher odds of social-emotional problems. The multifaceted determinants of children's social-emotional problems imply that many diverse targets for intervention exist. Additionally, this study suggests that Bronfenbrenner's process-person-context-time theoretical framework could be relevant for public health research and policy.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Elsevier, 2023
Nyckelord
Social-emotional health, Mental health, Preschool children, Ecological systems theory:sweden
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi Pediatrik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-204344 (URN)10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101345 (DOI)2-s2.0-85147123061 (Scopus ID)
Forskningsfinansiär
Forte, Forskningsrådet för hälsa, arbetsliv och välfärd, 2021-00155
Tillgänglig från: 2023-02-02 Skapad: 2023-02-02 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-02-17Bibliografiskt granskad
Vaezghasemi, M., Pulkki-Brännström, A.-M., Lindkvist, M., Silfverdal, S.-A., Lohr, W. & Ivarsson, A. (2023). Social inequalities in social-emotional problems among preschool children: a population-based study in Sweden. Global Health Action, 16(1), Article ID 2147294.
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Social inequalities in social-emotional problems among preschool children: a population-based study in Sweden
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2023 (Engelska)Ingår i: Global Health Action, ISSN 1654-9716, E-ISSN 1654-9880, Vol. 16, nr 1, artikel-id 2147294Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: Social-emotional ability is important for overall health and wellbeing in early childhood. Recognizing preschool children in need of extra support, especially those living in unfavourable conditions, can have immediate positive effects on their health and benefit their wellbeing in the long-term.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to investigate whether there are social inequalities in preschool children's social-emotional problems, and whether inequalities differ between boys and girls.

METHOD: This study utilized repeated measures from cross-sectional population-based surveys of three-year old children (2014-2018). The final study population comprised of 9,099 children which was 61% of all the eligible children in Västerbotten County during the study period. The Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE) 36-month interval was used to measure children's social-emotional ability. Social inequalities were studied with respect to parents' income, education, and place of birth, for which data was obtained from Statistics Sweden. Multiple logistic and ordered regressions were used.

RESULTS: Among 3-year-olds, social-emotional problems were more common in the most vulnerable social groups, i.e. parents in the lowest income quintile (OR: 1.45, p < 0.001), parents with education not more than high school (OR: 1.51, p < 0.001), and both parents born outside Sweden (OR: 2.54, p < 0.001). Notably, there was a larger difference in social-emotional problems between the lowest and highest social categories for girls compared to boys. Higher odds of social-emotional problems were associated with boys not living with both parents and girls living in the areas of Skellefteå and Umeå, i.e. more populated geographical areas.

CONCLUSION: Already at 3-years of age social-emotional problems were more common in children with parents in the most vulnerable social groups. This does not fulfil the ambition of an equitable start in life for every child and might contribute to reproduction of social inequalities across generations.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Taylor & Francis, 2023
Nyckelord
Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE), Population-based, mental health, preschool children, social inequality
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi Pediatrik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-204345 (URN)10.1080/16549716.2022.2147294 (DOI)000923029200001 ()36722260 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85147186828 (Scopus ID)
Forskningsfinansiär
FolkhälsomyndighetenRegion Västerbotten
Tillgänglig från: 2023-02-02 Skapad: 2023-02-02 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-09-05Bibliografiskt granskad
Vaezghasemi, M., Eurenius, E., Ivarsson, A., Richter Sundberg, L., Silfverdal, S.-A. & Lindkvist, M. (2022). The Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional—What Is the Optimal Cut-Off for 3-Year-Olds in the Swedish Setting?. Frontiers in Pediatrics , 10, Article ID 756239.
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>The Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional—What Is the Optimal Cut-Off for 3-Year-Olds in the Swedish Setting?
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2022 (Engelska)Ingår i: Frontiers in Pediatrics , E-ISSN 2296-2360, Vol. 10, artikel-id 756239Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Objective: Expressions of emotional and behavioral symptoms in preschool age can predict mental health problems in adolescence and adulthood. The Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE) has been successful in detecting social and emotional problems in young children in some countries but had not been tested in Sweden. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal cut-off for the ASQ:SE instrument when administered to 3-year-old children in a northern Swedish setting, using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) as the reference.

Methods: The ASQ:SE (36-month interval, first edition) was administered at routine 3-year-olds' visits to Child Health Care centers in Region Västerbotten, Sweden. During the study period (September 2017 to March 2018) parents were invited to also fill out the SDQ (2–4 year version). In the final analyses 191 children fulfilled the criteria for inclusion in the study sample. Non-parametric Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis was performed to quantify the discriminatory accuracy of ASQ:SE based on SDQ.

Results: The Pearson correlation between ASQ:SE and SDQ indicated strong correlation between the two instruments. The Receiver Operating Characteristic curve showed good accuracy of ASQ:SE in relation to SDQ. However, our results suggest that the existing ASQ:SE cut-off score of 59 was not optimal in the Swedish context. Changing the cut-off from 59 to 50 would allow us to detect 100% (n = 14) of children with problems according to SDQ, compared to 64% (n = 9) when the cut-off was 59. However, the proportion of false positives would be higher (9% compared to 3%).

Conclusion: The main finding was that for 3-year-olds in Sweden a decreased ASQ:SE cut-off score of 50 would be optimal. This would increase the detection rate of at-risk children according to SDQ (true positive), thus prioritizing sensitivity. Our conclusion is that, although this change would result in more false positives, this would be justifiable.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Frontiers Media S.A., 2022
Nyckelord
emotional and behavioral problems, mental health, preschool children, screening, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi Pediatrik
Forskningsämne
pediatrik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-192313 (URN)10.3389/fped.2022.756239 (DOI)000760724700001 ()35223687 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85125137892 (Scopus ID)
Forskningsfinansiär
FolkhälsomyndighetenRegion Västerbotten
Tillgänglig från: 2022-02-09 Skapad: 2022-02-09 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-09-05Bibliografiskt granskad
Lindvall, K., Vaezghasemi, M., Feldman, I., Ivarsson, A., Stevens, K. J. & Petersen, S. (2021). Feasibility, reliability and validity of the health-related quality of life instrument Child Health Utility 9D (CHU9D) among school-aged children and adolescents in Sweden. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 19(1), Article ID 193.
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Feasibility, reliability and validity of the health-related quality of life instrument Child Health Utility 9D (CHU9D) among school-aged children and adolescents in Sweden
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2021 (Engelska)Ingår i: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, ISSN 1477-7525, E-ISSN 1477-7525, Vol. 19, nr 1, artikel-id 193Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: This study was conducted in a general population of schoolchildren in Sweden, with the aim to assess the psychometric properties of a generic preference-based health related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument, the Swedish Child Health Utility 9D (CHU9D), among schoolchildren aged 7–15 years, and in subgroups aged 7–9, 10–12 and 13–15 years.

Methods: In total, 486 school aged children, aged 7–15 years, completed a questionnaire including the CHU9D, the Pediatric quality of life inventory 4.0 (PedsQL), KIDSCREEN-10, questions on general health, long-term illness, and sociodemographic characteristics. Psychometric testing was undertaken of feasibility, internal consistency reliability, test–retest reliability, construct validity, factorial validity, concurrent validity, convergent validity and divergent validity.

Results: The CHU9D evidenced very few missing values, minimal ceiling, and no floor effects. The instrument achieved satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alfa > 0.7) and strong test–retest reliability (r > 0.6). Confirmatory factor analyses supported the proposed one-factor structure of the CHU9D. For child algorithm, RMSEA = 0.05, CFI = 0.95, TLI = 0.94, and SRMR = 0.04. For adult algorithm RMSEA = 0.04, CFI = 0.96, TLI = 0.95, and SRMR = 0.04. The CHU9D utility value correlated moderately or strongly with KIDSCREEN-10 and PedsQL total scores (r > 0.5–0.7). The CHU9D discriminated as anticipated on health and on three of five sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age, and custody arrangement, but not socioeconomic status and ethnic origin).

Conclusions: This study provides evidence that the Swedish CHU9D is a feasible, reliable and valid measure of preference-based HRQoL in children. The study furthermore suggests that the CHU9D is appropriate for use among children 7–15 years of age in the general population, as well as among subgroups aged 7– 9, 10–12 and 13–15 years.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
BioMed Central, 2021
Nyckelord
Adolescent, Child, CHU9D, Health related quality of life, HRQoL, Psychometrics, Sweden
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-186637 (URN)10.1186/s12955-021-01830-9 (DOI)000683730500003 ()34344386 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85112016482 (Scopus ID)
Tillgänglig från: 2021-08-30 Skapad: 2021-08-30 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-03-24Bibliografiskt granskad
Eurenius, E., Mohamed, A. F., Lindkvist, M., Ivarsson, A., Öhlund, I. & Vaezghasemi, M. (2021). Social-Emotional Problems Among 3-Year-Olds Are Associated With an Unhealthy Lifestyle: A Population-Based Study. Frontiers In Public Health, 9, Article ID 694832.
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Social-Emotional Problems Among 3-Year-Olds Are Associated With an Unhealthy Lifestyle: A Population-Based Study
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2021 (Engelska)Ingår i: Frontiers In Public Health, ISSN 2296-2565, Vol. 9, artikel-id 694832Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Introduction: Little attention has been paid to the association between preschool children’s social-emotional problems and lifestyle at the population level.

Objective: This study aimed to overcome this knowledge gap by investigating to what extent children’s social-emotional problems are associated with their lifestyle and if there are any gender differences.

Methods: This cross-sectional, population-based study used data from the regional Salut Register in northern Sweden, including 7,179 3-year-olds during 2014–2017. Parents responded to a questionnaire including the 36-month interval of the Ages and Stages Questionnaires: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE) and questions regarding family and lifestyle characteristics. Single and multiple logistic regression were used to assess the association between children’s social-emotional problems and multiple family lifestyle characteristics.

Results: More reports of social-emotional problems were found among children who did not have parents living together or had markers of an unhealthy lifestyle. Children who ate vegetables less frequently, whose parent/-s brushed their teeth less often and did not read to them regularly were more likely to have social-emotional problems. Playing outdoors <3 h during weekdays and >1 h of sedentary screen time during weekends increased the risk of social-emotional problems among boys only, while >1 h of sedentary screen time during weekdays increased the risk among girls. When it comes to lifestyle and gender differences, a high proportion of the 3-year-olds had an unhealthy lifestyle, more so for boys than for girls. The dietary quality and tooth brushing were somewhat more adequate for the girls than for the boys, but boys spent more time playing outdoors compared to the girls.

Conclusions: This study provides us with an important overview picture of the family life situation of three-year-olds, including those with social-emotional problems. Such problems were significantly associated with markers of unhealthy lifestyle, with significant gender differences. Therefore, this study suggests that in order to maintain children’ssocial-emotional ability and support children at risk of problems, public health interventionprograms should have a broader perspective on improving children’s lifestyle rather thanmerely focusing on their social and emotional problems, and the gender differences foundmay be taken in account.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Frontiers Media S.A., 2021
Nyckelord
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, ages and stages questionnaires, child behavior, cross-sectional studies, family characteristics, preschool children
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi Pediatrik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-189675 (URN)10.3389/fpubh.2021.694832 (DOI)000726079500001 ()34869138 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85120747730 (Scopus ID)
Tillgänglig från: 2021-11-18 Skapad: 2021-11-18 Senast uppdaterad: 2021-12-15Bibliografiskt granskad
Vaezghasemi, M., Öhman, A., Ng, N., Hakimi, M. & Eriksson, M. (2020). Concerned and conscious, but defenceless - the intersection of gender and generation in child malnutrition in Indonesia: a qualitative grounded theory study. Global Health Action, 13(1), Article ID 1744214.
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Concerned and conscious, but defenceless - the intersection of gender and generation in child malnutrition in Indonesia: a qualitative grounded theory study
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2020 (Engelska)Ingår i: Global Health Action, ISSN 1654-9716, E-ISSN 1654-9880, Vol. 13, nr 1, artikel-id 1744214Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: Several studies in Indonesia have shown the protective effect of women-headed households on the double burden of malnutrition (coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition in a household). Many other studies have presented a positive impact on children’s health and conditions when women are educated, have higher social capital and have control of income and its intra-household allocation. However, how women’s status affects the nutritional status of a household and, in particular, of children still remains understudied.

Objective: In this study, our aim was to explore the role of gender relations and contextual factors for overnutrition and undernutrition among children within a household.

Method: We conducted a qualitative study in two provinces of Indonesia: Central Java (urban and rural) and Jakarta (central and suburban) among 123 community members (59 men and 64 women). We utilised principles of constructivist grounded theory in conducting this study, and focus group discussions were chosen as a tool to collect data.

Results: Three categories were constructed, capturing the significance of: (i) the man is dominant within the family (gendered power relations), (ii) the environment that makes the unhealthy choice the easy choice (the emerging obesogenic environment) and (iii) parents’ being concerned but unable to control their children’s eating habits (intersection of gender and generational relations) in child malnutrition.

Conclusion: Community health and nutrition programmes should help both women and men within the context of households to acknowledge and respect women’s status. More importantly, these programmes should involve men when it comes to children’s nutritional habits and consider them as an important factor in the realisation of gender equality and empowerment. Furthermore, it is increasingly important to recognise the implication of the availability and accessibility of junk food among children.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Taylor & Francis, 2020
Nyckelord
Double burden of malnutrition, nutrition transition, gender, intersectionality, grounded theory, qualitative study, focus group discussions, Indonesia
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-130559 (URN)10.1080/16549716.2020.1744214 (DOI)000531047800001 ()32370625 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85084328499 (Scopus ID)
Anmärkning

Previously included in thesis in manuscript form. 

Tillgänglig från: 2017-01-23 Skapad: 2017-01-23 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-03-24Bibliografiskt granskad
Vaezghasemi, M., Mosquera, P., Gustafsson, P. E., Nilsson, K. & Strandh, M. (2020). Decomposition of income-related inequality in upper secondary school completion in Sweden by mental health, family conditions and contextual characteristics.. SSM - Population Health, 11, Article ID 100566.
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Decomposition of income-related inequality in upper secondary school completion in Sweden by mental health, family conditions and contextual characteristics.
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2020 (Engelska)Ingår i: SSM - Population Health, ISSN 2352-8273, Vol. 11, artikel-id 100566Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: While previous research has evidently and extensively acknowledged socioeconomic gradients in children's education, we know very little about the determinants of socioeconomic-related inequality in children's education at the population level in Sweden. Therefore, we aimed: (i) to assess the extent of income inequality in upper secondary school completion in Sweden; (ii) to examine the contribution of mental health and other determinants to income inequality; and (iii) to explore gender differences in the magnitude and determinants of the inequalities.

Method: We utilised data from a population-based cohort available in Umeå SIMSAM Lab, linked with several national registries in Sweden. The dataset includes all children who were born in Sweden in 1991 and completed or not completed their upper secondary education in 2010, n = 116,812 (56,612 girls and 60,200 boys). We analysed the data using a Wagstaff-type decomposition method.

Results: The results first show substantial income-related inequality in upper secondary school incompletion concentrated among the poor in the Swedish setting. Second, these inequalities were in turn to a large degree explained jointly by parental, family and child factors; primarily parents' income and education, number of siblings and child's poor mental health. Third, these inferences remained when boys and girls were considered separately, although the determinants explained a greater share of the inequalities in boys than in girls.

Conclusion: Our results highlighted substantial income-related inequality in upper secondary school incompletion concentrated among the poor in the Swedish setting. Apart from family level characteristics, which explained a large portion of the inequalities, mental health problems appeared to be of particular importance as they represent a central target for both increasing the population average in upper secondary school completion and for reducing the gap in income-related inequalities in Sweden.

Nyckelord
Decomposition analysis, Income inequality, Mental health, School achievement, Sweden
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-170063 (URN)10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100566 (DOI)000564549000020 ()32258354 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85082184411 (Scopus ID)
Tillgänglig från: 2020-04-24 Skapad: 2020-04-24 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-03-23Bibliografiskt granskad
Kinyoki, D. K., Osgood-Zimmerman, A. E., Pickering, B. V., Schaeffer, L. E., Marczak, L. B., Lazzar-Atwood, A., . . . Hay, S. I. (2020). Mapping child growth failure across low- and middle-income countries. Nature, 577(7789), 231-234
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Mapping child growth failure across low- and middle-income countries
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2020 (Engelska)Ingår i: Nature, ISSN 0028-0836, E-ISSN 1476-4687, Vol. 577, nr 7789, s. 231-234Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Childhood malnutrition is associated with high morbidity and mortality globally. Undernourished children are more likely to experience cognitive, physical, and metabolic developmental impairments that can lead to later cardiovascular disease, reduced intellectual ability and school attainment, and reduced economic productivity in adulthood. Child growth failure (CGF), expressed as stunting, wasting, and underweight in children under five years of age (0-59 months), is a specific subset of undernutrition characterized by insufficient height or weight against age-specific growth reference standards. The prevalence of stunting, wasting, or underweight in children under five is the proportion of children with a height-for-age, weight-for-height, or weight-for-age z-score, respectively, that is more than two standard deviations below the World Health Organization's median growth reference standards for a healthy population. Subnational estimates of CGF report substantial heterogeneity within countries, but are available primarily at the first administrative level (for example, states or provinces); the uneven geographical distribution of CGF has motivated further calls for assessments that can match the local scale of many public health programmes. Building from our previous work mapping CGF in Africa, here we provide the first, to our knowledge, mapped highspatial-resolution estimates of CGF indicators from 2000 to 2017 across 105 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where 99% of affected children live, aggregated to policy-relevant first and second (for example, districts or counties) administrativelevel units and national levels. Despite remarkable declines over the study period, many LMICs remain far from the ambitious World Health Organization Global Nutrition Targets to reduce stunting by 40% and wasting to less than 5% by 2025. Large disparities in prevalence and progress exist across and within countries; our maps identify high-prevalence areas even within nations otherwise succeeding in reducing overall CGF prevalence. By highlighting where the highest-need populations reside, these geospatial estimates can support policy-makers in planning interventions that are adapted locally and in efficiently directing resources towards reducing CGF and its health implications.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Nature Publishing Group, 2020
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-167652 (URN)10.1038/s41586-019-1878-8 (DOI)000506682500039 ()31915393 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85077638090 (Scopus ID)
Tillgänglig från: 2020-01-31 Skapad: 2020-01-31 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-09-05Bibliografiskt granskad
Organisationer
Identifikatorer
ORCID-id: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0002-0791-0256

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