This article explores the translocal hybrid activism surrounding two demon-strations triggered by a violent altercation between antifascists and neo-Nazis in Malmö in March 2014. It maps the appearance and spread of the hashtag that underpinned this activism: #KämpaShowan. It also considers how the hashtag was articulated, adopted and adapted by different activists in ways that led to the emergence of a newhashtag: #KämpaMalmö. It shows how the action frames foregrounded by #KämpaShowan stimulated its translocal diffusion but were also criticised by local activists who in turn tried to relocalise the energy behind the hashtag and shift its associ-ated action frames. The article thus reveals how antifascist activists might respond to far-right violence with social media tactics that attract broader publics and break the isolation often caused by more confrontational street politics. It also highlights how these tactics can stretch across geographical scales involving processes of relocalisation as much as translocalisation.

This article investigates the #WalkTogether initiative which commemorated the 10th anniversary of the 7 July 2005 London bombings by encouraging people to individually re-enact and share on social media the moment when following the bombings, in the absence of a functioning public transport network, Londoners walked to and from work together. It asks what forms of togetherness did the initiative promote and what was the role of professional journalists and news organisations in facilitating this togetherness? To answer these questions, the article conceives of togetherness as hybrid and unfolding within broader media and memory ecologies. This encourages the use of innovative combinations of methods and the introduction of the concepts of ‘mediatised performative commemoration’ and ‘digital gestural remains’. In turn, this allows a number of specific enquiries into the characteristics of #WalkTogether’s commemoration, communities, remembrance and reporting a decade after 7/7 took place and a discussion of the extent to which the initiative resulted in forms of clicktivism and commemorative silos.

Facebook has faced growing criticism regarding its handling of hateful user-generated content(UGC) with research revealing how the platform can foster both covert and overt racism. Thisresearch has tended to focus on racist content while relying on abstract references to the generallogics of social media platforms. In this article we consider how Facebook shapes the production ofracist discourse in more concrete ways by integrating a concern for the platform’s architecturesand affordances within a broader analysis of the immigration-related discussions of a largeSwedish Facebook group. We combine a quantitative topic modeling of a large data set of thegroup’s UGC with a qualitative critical discourse analysis (CDA) of a sample of that data set. Ourfindings show how Facebook enables and influences various discursive strategies of identificationand persuasion—within which covert and overt racist discourses are embedded—through pro-cesses of cybertyping, role-playing, crowdsourcing and (counter-)reaction.

This chapter approaches the work of the Berlin-based Centre for Political Beauty [Zentrum Politische Schönheit] (CPB) with respect to the notion of 'activist citizenship'. It considers one of the CPB's political artworks—The Dead Are Coming [Die Toten Kommen]—which took place in June 2015, in terms of the politics of public mourning and contextualises it against a deeper genealogy of the performative use of digging as a form of protest in Berlin connected to the active remembrance of Germany's negative twentieth-century past. In turn, the chapter argues that The Dead Are Coming not only represented an 'act of citizenship' but also a form of 'activist remembrance'‚ which involved processes of mediatised performative commemoration. This emergent genre of commemoration is then introduced in more detail, before some of its digital gestural remains are mapped in order to evaluate the overall effectiveness of the artwork.

This article presents a temporal analysis of the activist remembrance of Silvio Meier, a prominent member of Berlin’s radical left scene, who was stabbed to death in 1992. It asks: when has Meier’s activist remembrance occurred and been remediated, with what rhythms, and how has it been influenced by different platforms? To answer these questions, the article draws on the literature dedicated to the interface between social movements and collective and connective memory, and applies Lefebvre’s rhythmanalysis approach. Within this approach a diverse set of material is used to visualise the timing of the digital and non-digital remediation and mobilisation of Meier’s remembrance across different platforms of memory including commemorative events, newspapers, websites and social media. Thereafter the various temporalities of use associated with these platforms and how they can influence the mobilisation of remembrance by social movements is discussed using Lefebvre’s concepts of polyrhythmia, arrhythmia, isorhythmia, eurhythmia and with respect to, firstly, a fifteen-year period between 2002 and 2017 and secondly, a fifteen-day period between 15 November and 30 November 2012 around the twentieth anniversary of Meier’s death. The article concludes by introducing another Lefebvrian concept – dressage – in order to consider which rhythms of activist remembrance might most benefit social movements and their goals. Overall, by demonstrating the importance of attending to the when and not only the what, who, where and how of social movement memories and by highlighting the need to consider the temporal influence of the different digital and non-digital platforms that activists use, as well as, by indicating the broader potential of applying rhythmanalysis approaches to instances of activism, the article has broader relevance for the further study of social movements, their use of different media and their mobilization of memory.

In Berlin’s U-Bahn an announcement cautions passengers: “Bitte beachten Sie beim Aussteigen die Lücke zwischen Zug und Bahnsteigkante.” This fastidious rendition of the London Underground’s “mind the gap” warning reveals audio equivalencies between the two transport networks. However, the more numerous curved platforms of the Underground—originally designed for the shorter trains of the past—mean that its gaps are more pronounced than those of the U-Bahn. When it comes to the cultural investigation of each city’s broader public transport histories and geographies, the reverse is true. Unlike in London, public transport in the German capital has escaped the significant scholarly attention of historians in recent years.

Networked Remembrance is the first book to explore questions of urban memory within what are some of the most commonly experienced subterranean margins of the contemporary city: underground railways. Using London's and Berlin's underground railways as comparative case studies, this book reveals how social memories are spatially produced – through practices of cartography and toponymy, memory work and memorialization, exploration and artistic appropriation – within the everyday and concealed places associated with these transport networks.

Through numerous empirical excavations, this book highlights an array of different mnemonic actors, processes, structures and discourses that have determined the forms of «networked remembrance» associated with the subterranean stations and sections of the London Underground and Berlin U- and S-Bahn. In turn, it invites readers to descend into the «buried memories» that are often imperceptible to those travelling by rail beneath the British and German capitals and encourages them to ask what other memories might lie latent in the infrastructural landscapes beneath their feet.

This book was the winner of the 2014 Peter Lang Young Scholars Competition in Memory Studies.