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Andersson, Patrik L.ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0002-2088-6756
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Publications (10 of 142) Show all publications
Yuan, B., Bignert, A., Andersson, P. L., West, C. E., Domellöf, M. & Bergman, Å. (2024). Polychlorinated alkanes in paired blood serum and breast milk in a Swedish cohort study: matrix dependent partitioning differences compared to legacy POPs. Environment International, 183, Article ID 108440.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Polychlorinated alkanes in paired blood serum and breast milk in a Swedish cohort study: matrix dependent partitioning differences compared to legacy POPs
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2024 (English)In: Environment International, ISSN 0160-4120, E-ISSN 1873-6750, Vol. 183, article id 108440Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: Polychlorinated alkanes (PCAs) constitute a large group of individual congeners originating from commercial chlorinated paraffin (CP) products with carbon chain lengths of PCAs-C10-13, PCAs-C14-17, and PCAs-C18-32, occasionally containing PCAs-C6-9 impurities. The extensive use of CPs has led to global environmental pollution of PCAs. This study aimed to quantify PCAs in paired serum and breast milk of lactating Swedish mothers, exploring their concentration relationship.

METHODS: Twenty-five paired samples of mothers' blood serum and breast milk were analysed and concentrations were determined for PCAs C6-32 and compared to 4,4'-DDE, the PCB congener 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (CB-153), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB).

RESULTS: The median concentrations of PCAs-C6-9, PCAs-C10-13, PCAs-C14-17, PCAs-C18-32 and ΣPCAs in serum were 14, 790, 520, 16 and 1350 ng/g lipid weight (lw), respectively, and in breast milk 0.84, 36, 63, 6.0 and 107 ng/g lw. Levels of 4,4'-DDE, CB-153 and HCB were comparable in the two matrices, serum and breast milk at 17, 12 and 4.9 ng/g lw. The results show significant differences of PCAs-C10-13 and PCAs-C14-17 in breast milk with 22- and 6.2-times lower lw-based concentrations than those measured in serum. On wet weight the differences serum/breast milk ratios of PCAs-C6-9, PCAs-C10-13, PCAs-C14-17, PCAs-C18-32 and ΣPCAs were 1.7, 3.2, 1.0, 0.4 and 1.6, respectively, while the ratio for 4,4'-DDE, CB-153 and HCB were each close to 0.1.

CONCLUSION: Swedish lactating mothers had high serum concentrations of PCAs-C10-13 and PCAs-C14-17, with the ΣPCAs median serum concentration of 1350 ng/g lw. The breast milk concentration, although considerably lower at 107 ng/g lw, still surpassed those of 4,4'-DDE, CB-153 and HCB, suggesting an exposure risk of infants to PCAs. The variation in blood and breast milk accumulation between PCAs and studied legacy POPs, is rarely discussed but warrants further studies on partitioning properties as well as associated toxicological implications.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2024
Keywords
Human exposure, Lactation, Milk/serum partitioning, NorthPop, POPs
National Category
Occupational Health and Environmental Health
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-220474 (URN)10.1016/j.envint.2024.108440 (DOI)38232504 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85183468429 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, 215-20-007
Available from: 2024-02-07 Created: 2024-02-07 Last updated: 2024-02-09Bibliographically approved
Golosovskaia, E., Örn, S., Ahrens, L., Chelcea, I. C. & Andersson, P. L. (2024). Studying mixture effects on uptake and tissue distribution of PFAS in zebrafish (Danio rerio) using physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modelling. Science of the Total Environment, 912, Article ID 168738.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Studying mixture effects on uptake and tissue distribution of PFAS in zebrafish (Danio rerio) using physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modelling
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2024 (English)In: Science of the Total Environment, ISSN 0048-9697, E-ISSN 1879-1026, Vol. 912, article id 168738Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitously distributed in the aquatic environment. They include persistent, mobile, bioaccumulative, and toxic chemicals and it is therefore critical to increase our understanding on their adsorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME). The current study focused on uptake of seven emerging PFAS in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and their potential maternal transfer. In addition, we aimed at increasing our understanding on mixture effects on ADME by developing a physiologically based kinetic (PBK) model capable of handling co-exposure scenarios of any number of chemicals. All studied chemicals were taken up in the fish to varying degrees, whereas only perfluorononanoate (PFNA) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) were quantified in all analysed tissues. Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (FOSA) was measured at concerningly high concentrations in the brain (Cmax over 15 μg/g) but also in the liver and ovaries. All studied PFAS were maternally transferred to the eggs, with FOSA and 6:2 perfluorooctane sulfonate (6,2 FTSA) showing significant (p < 0.02) signs of elimination from the embryos during the first 6 days of development, while perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), PFNA, and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) were not eliminated in embryos during this time-frame. The mixture PBK model resulted in >85 % of predictions within a 10-fold error and 60 % of predictions within a 3-fold error. At studied levels of PFAS exposure, competitive binding was not a critical factor for PFAS kinetics. Gill surface pH influenced uptake for some carboxylates but not the sulfonates. The developed PBK model provides an important tool in understanding kinetics under complex mixture scenarios and this use of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) is critical in future risk assessment of chemicals and early warning systems.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2024
Keywords
ADME, Maternal transfer, Mixture, PBTK, PFAS, Zebrafish
National Category
Environmental Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-218184 (URN)10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168738 (DOI)38030006 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85178129660 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2018-02264Swedish Research Council, 2019-01838
Available from: 2023-12-18 Created: 2023-12-18 Last updated: 2023-12-18Bibliographically approved
Sapounidou, M., Andersson, P. L., Leemans, M., Fini, J.-B., Demeneix, B., Rüegg, J., . . . Gennings, C. (2023). From cohort to cohort: a similar mixture approach (SMACH) to evaluate exposures to a mixture leading to thyroid-mediated neurodevelopmental effects using NHANES data. Toxics, 11(4), Article ID 331.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>From cohort to cohort: a similar mixture approach (SMACH) to evaluate exposures to a mixture leading to thyroid-mediated neurodevelopmental effects using NHANES data
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2023 (English)In: Toxics, E-ISSN 2305-6304, Vol. 11, no 4, article id 331Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Prenatal exposure to a mixture (MIX N) of eight endocrine-disrupting chemicals has been associated with language delay in children in a Swedish pregnancy cohort. A novel approach was proposed linking this epidemiological association with experimental evidence, where the effect of MIX N on thyroid hormone signaling was assessed using the Xenopus eleuthero-embryonic thyroid assay (XETA OECD TG248). From this experimental data, a point of departure (PoD) was derived based on OECD guidance. Our aim in the current study was to use updated toxicokinetic models to compare exposures of women of reproductive age in the US population to MIX N using a Similar Mixture Approach (SMACH). Based on our findings, 66% of women of reproductive age in the US (roughly 38 million women) had exposures sufficiently similar to MIX N. For this subset, a Similar Mixture Risk Index (SMRIHI) was calculated comparing their exposures to the PoD. Women with SMRIHI > 1 represent 1.1 million women of reproductive age. Older women, Mexican American and other/multi race women were less likely to have high SMRIHI values compared to Non-Hispanic White women. These findings indicate that a reference mixture of chemicals identified in a Swedish cohort—and tested in an experimental model for establishment of (PoDs)—is also of health relevance in a US population.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI, 2023
Keywords
causal inference, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, mixtures risk assessment
National Category
Occupational Health and Environmental Health Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-207870 (URN)10.3390/toxics11040331 (DOI)000979631100001 ()37112558 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85153771851 (Scopus ID)
Funder
EU, Horizon 2020, 234880EU, Horizon 2020, 825759
Available from: 2023-05-09 Created: 2023-05-09 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved
Chelcea, I. C., Vogs, C., Hamers, T., Koekkoek, J., Legradi, J., Sapounidou, M., . . . Andersson, P. L. (2023). Physiology-informed toxicokinetic model for the zebrafish embryo test developed for bisphenols. Chemosphere, 345, Article ID 140399.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Physiology-informed toxicokinetic model for the zebrafish embryo test developed for bisphenols
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2023 (English)In: Chemosphere, ISSN 0045-6535, E-ISSN 1879-1298, Vol. 345, article id 140399Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Zebrafish embryos (ZFE) is a widely used model organism, employed in various research fields including toxicology to assess e.g., developmental toxicity and endocrine disruption. Variation in effects between chemicals are difficult to compare using nominal dose as toxicokinetic properties may vary. Toxicokinetic (TK) modeling is a means to estimate internal exposure concentration or dose at target and to enable extrapolation between experimental conditions and species, thereby improving hazard assessment of potential pollutants. In this study we advance currently existing TK models for ZFE with physiological ZFE parameters and novel experimental bisphenol data, a class of chemicals with suspected endocrine activity. We developed a five-compartment model consisting of water, plastic, chorion, yolk sack and embryo in which surface area and volume changes as well as the processes of biotransformation and blood circulation influence mass fluxes. For model training and validation, we measured internal concentrations in ZFE exposed individually to BPA, bisphenol AF (BPAF) and Z (BPZ). Bayesian inference was applied for parameter calibration based on the training data set of BPZ. The calibrated TK model predicted internal ZFE concentrations of the majority of external test data within a 5-fold error and half of the data within a 2-fold error for bisphenols A, AF, F, and tetrabromo bisphenol A (TBBPA). We used the developed model to rank the hazard of seven bisphenols based on predicted internal concentrations and measured in vitro estrogenicity. This ranking indicated a higher hazard for BPAF, BPZ, bisphenol B and C (BPB, BPC) than for BPA.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2023
Keywords
Bisphenols, Embryo, Endocrine disruptors, PBTK, Zebrafish
National Category
Environmental Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-215957 (URN)10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140399 (DOI)37839743 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85174674618 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2019-01838Swedish Research Council, 2017-01036The Kempe Foundations
Available from: 2023-10-30 Created: 2023-10-30 Last updated: 2023-10-30Bibliographically approved
Sapounidou, M., Norinder, U. & Andersson, P. L. (2023). Predicting endocrine disruption using conformal prediction: a prioritization strategy to identify hazardous chemicals with confidence. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 36(1), 53-65
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Predicting endocrine disruption using conformal prediction: a prioritization strategy to identify hazardous chemicals with confidence
2023 (English)In: Chemical Research in Toxicology, ISSN 0893-228X, E-ISSN 1520-5010, Vol. 36, no 1, p. 53-65Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Receptor-mediated molecular initiating events (MIEs) and their relevance in endocrine activity (EA) have been highlighted in literature. More than 15 receptors have been associated with neurodevelopmental adversity and metabolic disruption. MIEs describe chemical interactions with defined biological outcomes, a relationship that could be described with quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models. QSAR uncertainty can be assessed using the conformal prediction (CP) framework, which provides similarity (i.e., nonconformity) scores relative to the defined classes per prediction. CP calibration can indirectly mitigate data imbalance during model development, and the nonconformity scores serve as intrinsic measures of chemical applicability domain assessment during screening. The focus of this work was to propose an in silico predictive strategy for EA. First, 23 QSAR models for MIEs associated with EA were developed using high-throughput data for 14 receptors. To handle the data imbalance, five protocols were compared, and CP provided the most balanced class definition. Second, the developed QSAR models were applied to a large data set (∼55,000 chemicals), comprising chemicals representative of potential risk for human exposure. Using CP, it was possible to assess the uncertainty of the screening results and identify model strengths and out of domain chemicals. Last, two clustering methods, t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding and Tanimoto similarity, were used to identify compounds with potential EA using known endocrine disruptors as reference. The cluster overlap between methods produced 23 chemicals with suspected or demonstrated EA potential. The presented models could be utilized for first-tier screening and identification of compounds with potential biological activity across the studied MIEs.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Chemical Society (ACS), 2023
National Category
Pharmacology and Toxicology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-202086 (URN)10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00267 (DOI)000903383200001 ()36534483 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85144410434 (Scopus ID)
Funder
EU, Horizon 2020, 825759EU, Horizon 2020, 825489Mistra - The Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research, DIA 2018/11
Available from: 2023-01-03 Created: 2023-01-03 Last updated: 2023-07-13Bibliographically approved
Dracheva, E., Norinder, U., Rydén, P., Engelhardt, J., Weiss, J. M. & Andersson, P. L. (2022). In Silico Identification of Potential Thyroid Hormone System Disruptors among Chemicals in Human Serum and Chemicals with a High Exposure Index. Environmental Science and Technology, 56(12), 8363-8372
Open this publication in new window or tab >>In Silico Identification of Potential Thyroid Hormone System Disruptors among Chemicals in Human Serum and Chemicals with a High Exposure Index
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2022 (English)In: Environmental Science and Technology, ISSN 0013-936X, E-ISSN 1520-5851, Vol. 56, no 12, p. 8363-8372Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Data on toxic effects are at large missing the prevailing understanding of the risks of industrial chemicals. Thyroid hormone (TH) system disruption includes interferences of the life cycle of the thyroid hormones and may occur in various organs. In the current study, high-throughput screening data available for 14 putative molecular initiating events of adverse outcome pathways, related to disruption of the TH system, were used to develop 19 in silico models for identification of potential thyroid hormone system-disrupting chemicals. The conformal prediction framework with the underlying Random Forest was used as a wrapper for the models allowing for setting the desired confidence level and controlling the error rate of predictions. The trained models were then applied to two different databases: (i) an in-house database comprising xenobiotics identified in human blood and ii) currently used chemicals registered in the Swedish Product Register, which have been predicted to have a high exposure index to consumers. The application of these models showed that among currently used chemicals, fewer were overall predicted as active compared to chemicals identified in human blood. Chemicals of specific concern for TH disruption were identified from both databases based on their predicted activity.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Chemical Society (ACS), 2022
Keywords
conformal prediction, endocrine disruption, environmental health, QSAR
National Category
Environmental Sciences Other Chemistry Topics Occupational Health and Environmental Health
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-196482 (URN)10.1021/acs.est.1c07762 (DOI)000815124300001 ()35561338 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85131097293 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council Formas, 2018-02264Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, 215-20-010Mistra - The Swedish Foundation for Strategic Environmental Research, 2018/11
Available from: 2022-06-17 Created: 2022-06-17 Last updated: 2022-11-29Bibliographically approved
Chelcea, I. C., Örn, S., Hamers, T., Koekkoek, J., Legradi, J., Vogs, C. & Andersson, P. L. (2022). Physiologically Based Toxicokinetic Modeling of Bisphenols in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Accounting for Variations in Metabolic Rates, Brain Distribution, and Liver Accumulation. Environmental Science and Technology, 56(14), 10216-10228
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Physiologically Based Toxicokinetic Modeling of Bisphenols in Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Accounting for Variations in Metabolic Rates, Brain Distribution, and Liver Accumulation
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2022 (English)In: Environmental Science and Technology, ISSN 0013-936X, E-ISSN 1520-5851, Vol. 56, no 14, p. 10216-10228Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical, which has raised human health and environmental concerns due to its endocrine-disrupting properties. BPA analogues are less well-studied despite their wide use in consumer products. These analogues have been detected in water and aquatic organisms around the world, with some analogues showing toxic effects in various species including fish. Here, we present novel organ-specific time-course distribution data of bisphenol Z (BPZ) in female zebrafish (Danio rerio), including concentrations in the ovaries, liver, and brain, a rarely sampled organ with high toxicological relevance. Furthermore, fish-specific in vitro biotransformation rates were determined for 11 selected bisphenols. A physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model was adapted for four of these bisphenols, which was able to predict levels in the gonads, liver, and brain as well as the whole body within a 2-5-fold error with respect to experimental data, covering several important target organs of toxicity. In particular, predicted liver concentrations improved compared to currently available PBTK models. Predicted data indicate that studied bisphenols mainly distribute to the carcass and gonads and less to the brain. Our model provides a tool to increase our understanding on the distribution and kinetics of a group of emerging pollutants.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Chemical Society (ACS), 2022
Keywords
biotransformation, bisphenols, endocrine disruptors, PBTK, zebrafish
National Category
Environmental Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-198331 (URN)10.1021/acs.est.2c01292 (DOI)000830801200001 ()35797464 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85134721270 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council Formas, 2017-00675Swedish Research Council, 2017-01036
Available from: 2022-08-02 Created: 2022-08-02 Last updated: 2023-02-06Bibliographically approved
Lexén, J., Bernander, M., Cotgreave, I. & Andersson, P. L. (2021). Assessing exposure of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in car cabins: Current understanding and future challenges in developing a standardized methodology. Environment International, 157, Article ID 106847.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Assessing exposure of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in car cabins: Current understanding and future challenges in developing a standardized methodology
2021 (English)In: Environment International, ISSN 0160-4120, E-ISSN 1873-6750, Vol. 157, article id 106847Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) can be found in air, dust and on surfaces in car cabins, leading to exposure to humans via dust ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact. This review aims at describing current understanding concerning sampling, levels, and human exposure of SVOCs from car cabin environments. To date, several different methods are used to sample SVOCs in car cabin air and dust and there are no standard operating procedures for sampling SVOCs in cars detailed in the literature. The meta-analysis of SVOCs in car cabin air and dust shows that brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) have been most frequently studied, primarily focusing on concentrations in dust. In dust, detected concentrations span over three to seven orders of magnitude, with highest median concentrations for OPFRs, followed by BFRs and, thereafter, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). In air, the variation is smaller, spanning over one to three orders of magnitude, with phthalates and siloxanes having the highest median concentrations, followed by OPFRs, fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) and BFRs. Assessments of human exposures to SVOCs in cars have, so far, mainly focused on external exposure, most often only studying one exposure route, primarily via dust ingestion. In order to perform relevant and complete assessments of human exposure to SVOCs in cars, we suggest broadening the scope to which SVOCs should be studied, promoting more comprehensive external exposure assessments that consider exposure via all relevant exposure routes and making comparisons of external and internal exposure, in order to understand the importance of in-car exposure as a source of SVOC exposure. We also suggest a new sampling approach that includes sampling of SVOCs in both car cabin air and dust, aiming to reduce variability in data due to differences in sampling techniques and protocols.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2021
Keywords
Air, Automotive, Car, Dust, Human exposure, Indoor, Sampling, SVOC
National Category
Environmental Sciences Occupational Health and Environmental Health
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-187286 (URN)10.1016/j.envint.2021.106847 (DOI)000704052800009 ()2-s2.0-85113998683 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, 44015-1
Available from: 2021-09-07 Created: 2021-09-07 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved
Zheng, Z., Arp, H. P., Peters, G. & Andersson, P. L. (2021). Combining in Silico Tools with Multicriteria Analysis for Alternatives Assessment of Hazardous Chemicals: Accounting for the Transformation Products of decaBDE and Its Alternatives. Environmental Science and Technology, 55
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Combining in Silico Tools with Multicriteria Analysis for Alternatives Assessment of Hazardous Chemicals: Accounting for the Transformation Products of decaBDE and Its Alternatives
2021 (English)In: Environmental Science and Technology, ISSN 0013-936X, E-ISSN 1520-5851, Vol. 55Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Transformation products ought to be an important consideration in chemical alternatives assessment. In this study, a recently established hazard ranking tool for alternatives assessment based on in silico data and multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) methods was further developed to include chemical transformation products. Decabromodiphenyl ether (decaBDE) and five proposed alternatives were selected as case chemicals; biotic and abiotic transformation reactions were considered using five in silico tools. A workflow was developed to select transformation products with the highest occurrence potential. The most probable transformation products of the alternative chemicals were often similarly persistent but more mobile in aquatic environments, which implies an increasing exposure potential. When persistence (P), bioaccumulation (B), mobility in the aquatic environment (M), and toxicity (T) are considered (via PBT, PMT, or PBMT composite scoring), all six flame retardants have at least one transformation product that can be considered more hazardous, across diverse MCDA. Even when considering transformation products, the considered alternatives remain less hazardous than decaBDE, though the range of hazard of the five alternatives was reduced. The least hazardous of the considered alternatives were melamine and bis(2-ethylhexyl)-tetrabromophthalate. This developed tool could be integrated within holistic alternatives assessments considering use and life cycle impacts or additionally prioritizing transformation products within (bio)monitoring screening studies.

National Category
Environmental Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-180505 (URN)10.1021/acs.est.0c02593 (DOI)000612354700030 ()2-s2.0-85100125116 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2021-02-25 Created: 2021-02-25 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved
Bottone, A., Boily, J.-F., Shchukarev, A., Andersson, P. L. & Klaminder, J. (2021). Sodium hypochlorite as an oxidizing agent for removal of soil organic matter before microplastics analyses. Journal of Environmental Quality, 51(1), 112-122
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Sodium hypochlorite as an oxidizing agent for removal of soil organic matter before microplastics analyses
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2021 (English)In: Journal of Environmental Quality, ISSN 0047-2425, E-ISSN 1537-2537, Vol. 51, no 1, p. 112-122Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The omnipresence of microplastics (MPs) across Earth's surface has raised concerns about their environmental impact and created an urgent need for methods to identify them in complex soil and sedimentary matrices. However, detecting MPs in the O horizons of soils is difficult because plastic polymers share many physical and chemical properties with natural soil organic matter (SOM). In this study, we assessed whether sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), a reagent that can oxidize SOM and simultaneously preserve mineral constituents, can be used for MP analysis and characterization in soil environments. In addition, we scrutinized how factors such as MP size, polymer type, extraction methods, and soil matrix affect the recovery of microplastic particles. We used both hydrophobic and density-dependent separation methods to assess the effects of our oxidation treatment on the recovery of MP. We observed that NaOCl effectively removed SOM without greatly altering the surface properties of resistant MP polymers (polypropylene, polylactic acid, low-density polyethylene, and polyethylene terephthalate), which were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy after SOM removal. The NaOCl treatment caused some chlorination and formation of additional C–OH bonds on polymer surfaces, which likely contributed to the reduced efficiency of the hydrophobic-based (oil) extraction. We conclude that NaOCl treatment can improve detection of MPs in SOM-rich soil and that recovery of MPs from soils is influenced by MP size, polymer type, extraction method, and soil type, which makes it challenging to develop a universal analytical method.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2021
National Category
Environmental Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-192247 (URN)10.1002/jeq2.20321 (DOI)000746482900001 ()34936093 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85123627534 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2017-04548Swedish Research Council, 2020-04853
Available from: 2022-04-07 Created: 2022-04-07 Last updated: 2022-04-07Bibliographically approved
Projects
Studier på utvecklingseffekter i zebrafiskembryo i kombination med datorbaserade modeller - nya vägar att reducera antal djurtester [2011-06427_VR]; Umeå UniversityNovel Strategies to Reduce Diffuse Emissions of Micropollutants from On-Site Sewage Facilities [2012-2101_Formas]; Umeå UniversityEnvironmental sustainability scoring of plastic additive chemicals [2015-672_Formas]; Umeå UniversityPREDATAR - An integrative PREdictive framework for assessment of Dose At TARget [2017-01036_VR]; Umeå University
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0002-2088-6756

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