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Aim: To investigate early career progression and national insurance use in young adults with paediatric coeliac disease.

Methods: We performed a register study of a population born in Sweden between 1976 and 1992. Coeliac disease was diagnosed before 15 years of age. The comparison population was matched 4:1 by sex, region of residence at birth and birth year/month. We analysed education, employment, income, job position and national insurance use (sickness benefits, parental leave benefits and social welfare provision) at 25 and 30 years of age.

Results: We identified 1812 individuals with coeliac disease (6888 comparison population) at 25 years of age and 263 individuals (984 comparison population) at 30 years of age. No statistically significant differences were seen in education, employment, income, job position, use of parental leave benefits or social welfare provision. More individuals with coeliac disease used sickness benefits at age 25 years (OR 1.34 [95% CI 1.12–1.59]).

Conclusion: In this register study, we showed that coeliac disease diagnosed in childhood does not cause disadvantages on career progression on a population level. However, findings suggest that coeliac disease increases the risk for sickness benefit use.

Background: The in‑home work environment is the main work environment for home care workers, but it has only been sparsely studied. Our aim was to investigate the in‑home work environment for home care workers by exploring challenges that arise regardless of a pandemic and by investigating Covid‑19–specific challenges.

Methods: Two cross‑sectional studies were conducted, one before (2017) and one during the pandemic (2021/2022) in three Swedish regions (Jämtland/Härjedalen, Västerbotten and Västernorrland), in which 1,154 (58%) out of 2,000 and 629 (33%) of 1,900 invited home care workers participated, respectively. Participants responded to a question‑naire asking about 10 problems associated with the in‑home work environment as well as Covid‑19–related chal‑lenges. Comparisons were conducted between regions and between study years using univariable analyses.

Results: Daily problems with the in‑home work environment were common before the pandemic, and they increased statistically significantly during the pandemic for, among other things, non‑ergonomic beds (29% vs. 37%), impractical bathrooms (40% vs. 50%), indoor smoking (24% vs. 31%), and pets (19% vs. 25%). There were major con‑cerns about the risk of getting infected with Covid‑19 for both staff (42%) and the home care recipients (50%). There were statistically significant differences between regions, e.g. many problems were more common in the Västerbotten region than in the other two regions during the pandemic, while challenges with protective equipment was most common in the Västernorrland region.

Conclusions: In‑home work environment problems are common for home care workers and worsen in a more strained situation. Efforts are needed to strengthen the work environment for home care workers.

Purpose: The Workplace Dialogue is a digitalized method directed at managers. The purpose of this study was to explore managers’ experiences of using the digital Workplace Dialogue in cases of employee ill-health.

Design/methodology/approach: The Workplace Dialogue provides an easy and accessible method for managers, including text, short films, client examples and concrete guides that provides support in how managers can act in the event of ill-health, for example, by creating dialogue and adjustments at work. A total of five public and private organizations participated in a cohort study, implementing and using the Workplace Dialogue for one year. We interviewed 22 managers to explore their experiences of using the Workplace Dialogue. The interviews were analyzed using Qualitative Content Analysis.

Findings: The experiences of using the Workplace Dialogue are presented in one overall theme: Supports and strengthens managers’ leadership and ability to handle and act on work-related health, and four sub-themes: Requires organizational legitimacy, Facilitates management of work-related health, Strengthens manager–employee collaboration and Contributes to leadership development. The Workplace Dialogue was described as a method that contributed to better work-related health by emphasizing the early identification of problems. Manager–employee collaboration was improved, and responsibilities were made clearer. Using the method enabled personal development among managers. Some prerequisites were pointed out, such as a need for time and support from the organization.

Originality/value: The Workplace Dialogue can support managers in addressing and acting on cases of employee ill-health.

Background: Research consistently underscores the importance of mentoring and a supportive work environment for nurse retention and well-being. Previous research on nurse mentoring has primarily focused on mentees' perspectives. Research is scarce on the prerequisites for mentoring from the perspective of mentors—experienced registered nurses who guide and support their new colleagues, mentees.

Aim: To explore nurse mentors' perspectives on the prerequisites for mentoring, following their participation in a mentoring intervention.

Design: Qualitative study design with an inductive approach using focus group interviews as a data collection method.

Methods: A total of 19 experienced registered nurses, appointed as mentors, were interviewed in four focus groups and one individual interview, in May and June 2022, following the conclusion of the intervention period. Focus groups consisted of three to six participants. The transcribed interview data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Results: The main theme identified in the results was that mentors needed organisational structure and leaders' support to facilitate the mentoring process. Participants underscored the necessity of a comprehensive support system that spans the entire mentoring process, as described in three themes: creating foundations for mentoring; navigating mentoring challenges in everyday work routines; and post-mentoring reflection and learning.

Conclusions: This study underscores the importance of integrating mentoring into daily healthcare routines by addressing barriers and facilitators, such as organisational structure and support from first line leaders. Key results highlight the need for pre- and post-mentoring phases to create a sustainable, continuous learning process. Further research should focus on developing sustainable frameworks for implementing mentoring.

Implications for the Profession: Policies should explicitly support the dual role of experienced registered nurses as both caregivers and mentors, acknowledging the demands on their time and responsibilities. Policymakers should integrate mentoring frameworks into nursing roles. This could play a critical role in stabilising the work environment.

Aims: Between 1985 and 1996, Sweden experienced an "epidemic" of celiac disease with a fourfold increase in incidence in young children. Timing and amount of gluten introduced during infancy have been thought to explain this "epidemic". We aimed to study whether the cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes differs between children born during the "epidemic" compared to children born after.

Methods: This is a national register study in Sweden comparing the cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes in two birth cohorts of 240 844 children 0-17 years old born 1992-1993, during the "epidemic", and 179 530 children born 1997-1998, after the "epidemic". Children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes were identified using three national registers.

Results: The cumulative incidence of type 1 diabetes by the age of 17 was statistically significantly higher in those born after the "epidemic" 0.77% than in those born during the "epidemic" 0.68% (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The incidence of type 1 diabetes is higher in those born after the epidemic compared to those born during the epidemic, which does not support the hypothesis that gluten introduction increases the incidence of T1D. Changes in gluten introduction did not halt the increased incidence of type 1 diabetes in Sweden.

Purpose: Our aim was to elicit a value set for Capability-Adjusted Life Years Sweden (CALY-SWE); a capability-grounded quality of life instrument intended for use in economic evaluations of social interventions with broad consequences beyond health.

Methods: Building on methods commonly used in the quality-adjusted life years EQ-5D context, we collected time-trade off (TTO) and discrete choice experiment (DCE) data through an online survey from a general population sample of 1697 Swedish participants. We assessed data quality using a score based on the severity of inconsistencies. For generating the value set, we compared different model features, including hybrid modeling of DCE and TTO versus TTO data only, censoring of TTO answers, varying intercept, and accommodating for heteroskedasticity. We also assessed the models’ DCE logit fidelity to measure agreement with potentially less-biased DCE data. To anchor the best capability state to 1 on the 0 to 1 scale, we included a multiplicative scaling factor.

Results: We excluded 20% of the TTO answers of participants with the largest inconsistencies to improve data quality. A hybrid model with an anchor scale and censoring was chosen to generate the value set; models with heteroskedasticity considerations or individually varying intercepts did not offer substantial improvement. The lowest capability weight was 0.114. Health, social relations, and finance and housing attributes contributed the largest capability gains, followed by occupation, security, and political and civil rights.

Conclusion: We elicited a value set for CALY-SWE for use in economic evaluations of interventions with broad social consequences.

Objective: Existing research has focused mostly on mentees’ experiences of mentoring rather than mentors’ experiences. Therefore, this study describes registered nurses’ experiences of being a mentor for newly qualified nurses.

Design: A qualitative interview study based on semistructured individual interviews. Interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis.

Participants and setting: A purposive sample of experienced registered nurses (n=21) from healthcare units in northern Sweden and northern Norway. Inclusion criteria were to have been a mentor to at least one newly qualified nurse, hold permanent employment of 75%–100% as a registered nurse and to be able to communicate in Swedish or Norwegian.

Results: Our study’s findings suggest that being a mentor plays a crucial role in establishing safety in complex work environments. The main theme consists of three themes: feeling motivated in being a mentor; continuously developing the learning environment; and navigating obstacles and cultivating support.

Conclusion: Being a mentor is a complicated role for registered nurses. The mentoring role is beneficial—ie, positive and rewarding—if facilitated sufficiently in the context of a structured organisation. This study brings a more profound understanding of and provides new insights into registered nurses’ perspectives and needs regarding being a mentor and the study’s findings make an important contribution to the field of nursing regarding the facilitation of mentoring.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of parental diabetes between children with and without type 1 diabetes (T1D), and to compare clinical characteristics at diagnosis of T1D in children with, versus without, a family history of diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Parental diabetes among children with T1D was compared with a general population cohort. Clinical characteristics were compared by family history of diabetes in parents and grandparents of 3,603 children with T1D using relative risk (RR) and ANOVA.

RESULTS: Children with T1D more often had parents with type 2 diabetes (T2D) (RR 1.88; P < 0.001) than did children without diabetes. Children with T1D and a family history of T2D were more likely to be overweight or obese (P = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS: A family history of T2D and being overweight may contribute to increased risk of T1D.

Background: Healthcare organizations worldwide face persistent challenges relating to turnover and intention to leave the nursing profession among registered nurses. Factors contributing to their retention and well-being at work include high job satisfaction, professional competence, and self-efficacy. Few multicenter studies have investigated these factors in relation to work experience in a Nordic context. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate job satisfaction, professional competence, and self-efficacy among registered nurses.

Methods: This multicenter cross-sectional study survey was part of a larger overarching Swedish-Norwegian project, and was conducted among registered nurses (n = 1137) in September 2021. The participants worked in a variety of health care units, e.g., hospital units, primary health care, and home care. Data was subjected to descriptive and comparative statistical analysis; chi-square test, one-way between-groups analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results: The findings show that job satisfaction is reported as lowest in registered nurses with medium-term work experience as compared to newly qualified and long-term work-experienced registered nurses. Professional competence and self-efficacy are reported as higher among registered nurses with long-term work experience as compared to those with medium-term work experience and newly qualified registered nurses. However, the participants reported their professional competence as highest in relation to the same factor – “Value-based nursing care” – regardless of their work experience.

Conclusions and implications: This study underscores the need for continuous support and professional development for registered nurses throughout their careers. Proactive support for newly qualified nurses may improve job satisfaction as they progress to being registered nurses with medium-term work experience. Tailored interventions to address the distinct needs of both newly qualified and medium-term work-experienced registered nurses are crucial for nurturing a sustainable nursing workforce.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence and predictive factors for celiac disease (CD) after a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children and adolescents, to improve the current screening guidelines.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The association between sex, age at T1D diagnosis, HLA, and diabetes autoantibodies, and a diagnosis of CD was examined in 5,295 children with T1D from the Better Diabetes Diagnosis study in Sweden. RESULTS The prevalence of biopsy-proven CD was 9.8%, of which 58.2% already had a CD diagnosis before or at T1D onset. Almost all, 95.9%, were diagnosed with CD within 5 years after the T1D diagnosis. Younger age at the T1D diagnosis and being homozygote for DQ2 increased the risk of CD after T1D, but neither sex nor diabetes-related autoantibodies were associated with the risk.

CONCLUSIONS: Age at and time after diabetes diagnosis should be considered in screening guidelines for CD in children with T1D.