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2023 (English)In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, ISSN 1387-2877, E-ISSN 1875-8908, Vol. 94, no 4, p. 1443-1464Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
Background: DNA methylation (DNAm), an epigenetic mark reflecting both inherited and environmental influences, hasshown promise for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) prediction.Objective: Testing long-term predictive ability (>15 years) of existing DNAm-based epigenetic age acceleration (EAA)measures and identifying novel early blood-based DNAm AD-prediction biomarkers.
Methods: EAA measures calculated from Illumina EPIC data from blood were tested with linear mixed-effects models(LMMs) in a longitudinal case-control sample (50 late-onset AD cases; 51 matched controls) with prospective data up to 16years before clinical onset, and post-onset follow-up. NovelDNAmbiomarkers were generated with epigenome-wide LMMs,and Sparse Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis applied at pre- (10–16 years), and post-AD-onset time-points.
Results: EAA did not differentiate cases from controls during the follow-up time (p > 0.05). Three new DNA biomarkersshowed in-sample predictive ability on average 8 years pre-onset, after adjustment for age, sex, and white blood cell proportions(p-values: 0.022-<0.00001). Our longitudinally-derived panel replicated nominally (p = 0.012) in an external cohort (n = 146cases, 324 controls). However, its effect size and discriminatory accuracy were limited compared to APOE 4-carriership(OR = 1.38 per 1 SD DNAmscore increase versus OR= 13.58 for 4-allele carriage; AUCs = 77.2% versus 87.0%). Literaturereview showed low overlap (n = 4) across 3275 AD-associated CpGs from 8 published studies, and no overlap with ouridentified CpGs.
Conclusion: The limited predictive value of EAA for AD extends prior findings by considering a longer follow-up time, andwith appropriate control for age, sex, APOE, and blood-cell proportions. Results also highlight challenges with replicatingdiscriminatory or predictive CpGs across studies.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IOS Press, 2023
Keywords
Alzheimer’s disease, biomarkers, DNA methylation, epigenomics, longitudinal studies
National Category
Other Basic Medicine
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-214007 (URN)10.3233/jad-230039 (DOI)37393498 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85168428453 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2018-01729The Kempe Foundations, JCK-1922.1
2023-09-022023-09-022024-03-18Bibliographically approved