Umeå University's logo

umu.sePublications
Change search
Link to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Alternative names
Publications (10 of 164) Show all publications
Liu, B., Lu, W., Olofsson, T., Zhuang, X. & Rabczuk, T. (2024). Stochastic interpretable machine learning based multiscale modeling in thermal conductivity of Polymeric graphene-enhanced composites. Composite structures, 327, Article ID 117601.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Stochastic interpretable machine learning based multiscale modeling in thermal conductivity of Polymeric graphene-enhanced composites
Show others...
2024 (English)In: Composite structures, ISSN 0263-8223, E-ISSN 1879-1085, Vol. 327, article id 117601Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We introduce an interpretable stochastic integrated machine learning based multiscale approach for the prediction of the macroscopic thermal conductivity in Polymeric graphene-enhanced composites (PGECs). This method encompasses the propagation of uncertain input parameters from the meso to macro scale, implemented through a foundational bottom-up multi-scale framework. In this context, Representative Volume Elements in Finite Element Modeling (RVE-FEM) are employed to derive the homogenized thermal conductivity. Besides, we employ two sets of techniques: Regression-tree-based methods (Random Forest and Gradient Boosting Machine) and Neural networks-based approaches (Artificial Neural Networks and Deep Neural Networks). To ascertain the relative influence of factors on output estimations, the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) algorithm is integrated. This interpretable machine learning methodology demonstrates strong alignment with published experimental data. It holds promise as an efficient and versatile tool for designing new composite materials tailored to applications involving thermal management.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2024
Keywords
Polymeric graphene-enhanced composites (PGECs), Interpretable Integrated Learning, Stochastic multi-scale modeling, Thermal properties, Data-driven technique
National Category
Composite Science and Engineering Applied Mechanics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-215912 (URN)10.1016/j.compstruct.2023.117601 (DOI)2-s2.0-85175088621 (Scopus ID)
Funder
The Kempe Foundations, JCK-2136EU, Horizon 2020, 101016854J. Gust. Richert stiftelse, 2023-00884Swedish Research Council, 2018-05973Swedish Research Council, 2022-06725
Available from: 2023-10-29 Created: 2023-10-29 Last updated: 2023-11-10Bibliographically approved
Hu, S., Qiu, S., Feng, K., Man, Q., Olofsson, T. & Lu, W. (2023). A data-driven exploration of the relations between occupant behaviors and comfort performances of energy-efficient measures. In: Yaowu Wang; Feng Lan; Geoffrey Q. P. Shen (Ed.), ICCREM 2023: the human-centered construction transformation - proceedings of the international conference on construction and real estate management 2023. Paper presented at 2023 International Conference on Construction and Real Estate Management: The Human-Centered Construction Transformation, ICCREM 2023, Xi'an, China, 23-24 September, 2023. (pp. 592-604). American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A data-driven exploration of the relations between occupant behaviors and comfort performances of energy-efficient measures
Show others...
2023 (English)In: ICCREM 2023: the human-centered construction transformation - proceedings of the international conference on construction and real estate management 2023 / [ed] Yaowu Wang; Feng Lan; Geoffrey Q. P. Shen, American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 2023, p. 592-604Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Energy-efficient building retrofitting plays a crucial role in reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions within the building sector. Energy-efficient retrofitting brings about changes in the built environment and it could influence the occupant behaviors. Additionally, occupant behaviors, in turn, alter the indoor environment, thereby affecting the comfort performance of the building after retrofitting. To explore this intricate relation between occupant behaviors and comfort performances of energy-efficient measures, this paper employs a data-driven approach to compile a comprehensive dataset encompassing occupant behaviors, energy-efficient measures, and associated indoor comfort of an office building in Umeå University, Sweden. Multiple binary logistic regression is applied to quantify the relationship between occupant behaviors and comfort performances of energy-efficient measures. The findings of this study hold significant value, providing guidance for occupants in adapting to energy-efficient measures while also informing future retrofitting implementation.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 2023
National Category
Construction Management
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-219498 (URN)10.1061/9780784485217.058 (DOI)2-s2.0-85181534282 (Scopus ID)9780784485217 (ISBN)
Conference
2023 International Conference on Construction and Real Estate Management: The Human-Centered Construction Transformation, ICCREM 2023, Xi'an, China, 23-24 September, 2023.
Available from: 2024-01-25 Created: 2024-01-25 Last updated: 2024-01-25Bibliographically approved
Penaka, S. R., Feng, K., Rebbling, A., Azizi, S., Lu, W. & Olofsson, T. (2023). A data-driven framework for building energy benchmarking and renovation decision-making support in Sweden. In: SBE23-Thessaloniki: Sustainable built environments: Paving the way for achieving the targets of 2030 and beyond. Paper presented at 2023 Sustainable Built Environments: Paving the Way for Achieving the Targets of 2030 and Beyond, SBE23-Thessaloniki, Online, March 22-24, 2023. Institute of Physics (IOP), Article ID 012005.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A data-driven framework for building energy benchmarking and renovation decision-making support in Sweden
Show others...
2023 (English)In: SBE23-Thessaloniki: Sustainable built environments: Paving the way for achieving the targets of 2030 and beyond, Institute of Physics (IOP), 2023, article id 012005Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

In Europe, the buildings sector is responsible for 40% of energy use and more than 30% of buildings are older than 50 years. Due to ageing, a large number of houses require energy-efficient renovation to meet building energy performance standards and the national energy efficiency target. Although Swedish house owners are willing to improve energy efficiency, there is a need for a dedicated platform providing decision-making knowledge for house owners to benchmark their buildings. This paper proposes a data-driven framework for building energy renovation benchmarking as part of an energy advisory service development for the Vasterbotten region, Sweden. This benchmark model facilitates regional homeowners to benchmark their building energy performance relative to the national target and similar neighbourhood buildings. Specifically, based on user input data such as energy use, location, construction year, floor area, etc., this model benchmarks the user's building performance using two benchmark references i.e., 1) Sweden's target to reduce buildings by 50% energy use intensity (EUI) by 50% by 2050 compared to the average EUI in 1995, 2) comparing user building with the most relevant peer group of buildings, using energy performance certificates (EPC) big data. Several building groups will be classified based on influential factors that affect building energy use. Hence, this benchmark provides decision-making supportive knowledge to homeowners e.g., whether they need to perform an energy-efficient renovation. In the future, this methodology will be extended and implemented in the digital platform to provide helpful insights to decide on suitable EEMs. This work is an integral part of project AURORAL aims to deliver an interoperable, open, and integrated digital platform, demonstrated by cross-domain applications through large-scale pilots in 8 regions in Europe, including Vasterbotten.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Physics (IOP), 2023
Series
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, ISSN 1755-1307, E-ISSN 1755-1315 ; 1196
National Category
Energy Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-212813 (URN)10.1088/1755-1315/1196/1/012005 (DOI)2-s2.0-85166560520 (Scopus ID)
Conference
2023 Sustainable Built Environments: Paving the Way for Achieving the Targets of 2030 and Beyond, SBE23-Thessaloniki, Online, March 22-24, 2023
Funder
EU, Horizon 2020, 101016854Swedish Research Council Formas, 2020-02085
Available from: 2023-08-16 Created: 2023-08-16 Last updated: 2023-08-16Bibliographically approved
Lu, C., Li, S., Gu, J., Lu, W., Olofsson, T. & Ma, J. (2023). A hybrid ensemble learning framework for zero-energy potential prediction of photovoltaic direct-driven air conditioners. Journal of Building Engineering, 64, Article ID 105602.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A hybrid ensemble learning framework for zero-energy potential prediction of photovoltaic direct-driven air conditioners
Show others...
2023 (English)In: Journal of Building Engineering, E-ISSN 2352-7102, Vol. 64, article id 105602Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Integrating renewable energy is a promising solution for buildings to achieve the net-zero-energy goal. Expanding real-time matching between renewable energy generation and building energy demand can help realize more enormous zero-energy potential in practice. However, there are few studies to investigate the real-time energy matching in renewable energy building design. Therefore, in this study, a hybrid ensemble learning framework is proposed for analyzing and predicting zero-energy potential in the real-time matching of photovoltaic direct-driven air conditioner (PVAC) systems. First, the datasets of zero-energy probability (ZEP) are generated under the three main climate regions in China, which are with consideration of the load flexibility of air conditioners and based on six important design variables. Second, a novel ensemble learning method named Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) is selected to predict ZEP and the Bayesian Optimization (BO) is adopted to identify the optimal hyperparameters and further improve the prediction performance. The statistical analysis shows that ZEP distributions are very different from one region to another one and the PVAC systems in Beijing are the easiest to achieve the zero-energy goal. Among all the variables, PV capacity is the most significant and positively related to ZEP. The prediction results show BO-XGBoost achieves more than 99% accuracy and outperforms other benchmark models in the ZEP prediction of three cities. In a word, this paper reveals BO-XGBoost is the most effective model for ZEP prediction and provides the framework for designers to utilize zero-energy potential analysis and prediction for the first time.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2023
Keywords
Bayesian optimization, Machine learning, Photovoltaic direct-driven air conditioners, Thermal comfort, Zero energy potential
National Category
Energy Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-201454 (URN)10.1016/j.jobe.2022.105602 (DOI)000997281000001 ()2-s2.0-85142748107 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2022-12-06 Created: 2022-12-06 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved
Wikman, T., Olofsson, T. & Nair, G. (2023). A literature review on life cycle analysis of buildings.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A literature review on life cycle analysis of buildings
2023 (English)Report (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Life cycle analysis (LCA) can be utilized to evaluate environmental impacts from the construction sector. In Sweden, from January 2022, climate declarations are mandatory when constructing new buildings. This report provides a literature review on various aspects related to LCA inbuilding, with focus on challenges and possibilities. Major challenges with LCA conductance are that buildings have long life-spans which introduce uncertainties in the LCA calculations since parameters may change over time. Choice of calculation tool, system boundaries for the LCA analysis and deviations between databases are further challenges that affect LCA results. Problems with data quality are another issue since usage of generic data may lower the accuracy of LCA studies on local level. Transparency of calculation tools, LCA methods, approximations and complexity of analysis are further challenges. Furthermore, when different LCA methods and calculation tools have been used, comparability between LCA studies can be compromised. To counteract the challenges voices have been raised to create national and even global databases to homogenize the data. Thorough and transparent communication of scope, method and system boundaries in LCA studies can counteract the problem with low transparency, deviating results and comparability issues. Using local data instead of generic data can increase data quality and therefore the quality and accuracy of the results.  

Publisher
p. 27
National Category
Energy Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-205898 (URN)
Note

This report is prepared as part of the Interreg Nord project "Enhanced Sustainability of Built Environment by Collaboration and Digitalization" (ESBE).

Available from: 2023-03-22 Created: 2023-03-22 Last updated: 2023-03-23Bibliographically approved
Mattsson, M., Olofsson, T., Lundberg, L., Korda, O. & Nair, G. (2023). An exploratory study on swedish stakeholders’ experiences with positive energy districts. Energies, 16(12), Article ID 4790.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>An exploratory study on swedish stakeholders’ experiences with positive energy districts
Show others...
2023 (English)In: Energies, E-ISSN 1996-1073, Vol. 16, no 12, article id 4790Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Positive energy district (PED) is a novel idea aimed to have an annual surplus of renewable energy and net zero greenhouse gas emissions within an area. However, it is still an ambiguous concept, which might be due to the complexity of city district projects with interconnected infrastructures and numerous stakeholders involved. This study discusses various aspects of PED implementation and presents practitioners’ experiences with the PED concept, challenges, and facilitators they have faced with real projects. The study is based on interviews with ten Swedish professionals. The major challenges reported for PED implementation were local energy production and energy flexibility, sub-optimization, legislation, suitable system boundaries, and involvement of stakeholders. Most of the interviewees mentioned improved collaboration, integrated innovative technology, political support, and climate change mitigation goals as important facilitators. The interviewees highlighted the importance of a local perspective and considered each city’s preconditions when developing a PED project. The study emphasizes that to facilitate PED implementation and replication in cities, more knowledge and clarity is required about PED such as on the definition and system boundaries.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI, 2023
Keywords
positive energy district, energy transition, sustainable urban development, stakeholder perspective, replication
National Category
Energy Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-210541 (URN)10.3390/en16124790 (DOI)001014316100001 ()2-s2.0-85163812620 (Scopus ID)
Projects
RESILIENTa Energisystem Kompetenscentrum
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, 52686-1
Available from: 2023-06-22 Created: 2023-06-22 Last updated: 2023-08-28Bibliographically approved
Lu, C., Li, S., Penaka, S. R. & Olofsson, T. (2023). Automated machine learning-based framework of heating and cooling load prediction for quick residential building design. Energy, 274, Article ID 127334.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Automated machine learning-based framework of heating and cooling load prediction for quick residential building design
2023 (English)In: Energy, ISSN 0360-5442, E-ISSN 1873-6785, Vol. 274, article id 127334Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Reducing the heating and cooling load through energy-efficient building design can help decarbonize the building sector. Heating and cooling load prediction using machine learning (ML) techniques become increasingly important in the rapid assessment of building design variables at the early design stage. However, when applying the ML techniques, it still requires expert knowledge and manually frequent intervention to improve the prediction performance. Hence, this study proposed an automated machine learning (AutoML)-based framework to automatically generate the optimal ML pipelines for heating and cooling load prediction. An experimental dataset of residential buildings was used to evaluate the proposed framework. The proposed framework achieved the best performance with R2 of 0.9965 and RMSE of 0.602 kWh/m2 for heating load prediction, and R2 of 0.9899 and RMSE of 0.973 kWh/m2 for cooling load prediction. The prediction results showed that the proposed framework outperformed the other improved ML models from the representative studies in the last five years. Further, an explainable analysis of the ML models was explored to reveal the relationships between design variables and heating and cooling load. The proposed framework aims at promoting the AutoML-based framework to designers for building energy performance prediction without excessive ML knowledge and manually frequent intervention.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2023
Keywords
Automated machine learning, Energy-efficient building, Heating and cooling load, Residential building design
National Category
Energy Engineering Energy Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-206455 (URN)10.1016/j.energy.2023.127334 (DOI)000966965100001 ()2-s2.0-85151011404 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2023-04-06 Created: 2023-04-06 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved
Yu, H., Feng, K., Penaka, S. R., Man, Q., Lu, W. & Olofsson, T. (2023). Data-driven modelling of building retrofitting with incomplete physics: a generative design and machine learning approach. Paper presented at NSB 2023, 13th Nordic Symposium on building physics, Aalborg, Denmark, June 12-14, 2023. Journal of Physics, Conference Series, 2654, Article ID 012053.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Data-driven modelling of building retrofitting with incomplete physics: a generative design and machine learning approach
Show others...
2023 (English)In: Journal of Physics, Conference Series, ISSN 1742-6588, E-ISSN 1742-6596, Vol. 2654, article id 012053Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Building performance simulation (BPS) based on physical models is a popular method for estimating the expected energy savings from energy-efficient building retrofitting. However, for many buildings, especially older buildings, built several decades ago, an operator do not have full access to the complete information for the BPS method. Incomplete information comes from the lack of detailed building physics, such as the thermal transmittance of some building components due to the deterioration of components over time. To address this challenge, this paper proposed a data-driven approach to support the decision-making of building retrofitting selections under incomplete information conditions. The data-driven approach integrates the backpropagation neural networks (BRBNN), fuzzy C-means clustering (FCM), and generative design (GD). It generates the required big database of building performance through generative design, which can overcome the problem of incomplete information during building performance simulation and energy-efficient retrofitting. The case study is based on old residential buildings in severe cold regions of China, using the proposed approach to predict energy-efficient retrofitting performance. The results indicated that the proposed approach can model the performance of residential buildings with more than 90% confidence, and show the variation of results. The core contribution of the proposed approach is to provide a way of performance prediction of individual buildings resulting from different retrofitting measures under the incomplete physics condition.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Physics (IOP), 2023
National Category
Building Technologies
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-220010 (URN)10.1088/1742-6596/2654/1/012053 (DOI)2-s2.0-85181172898 (Scopus ID)
Conference
NSB 2023, 13th Nordic Symposium on building physics, Aalborg, Denmark, June 12-14, 2023
Funder
Swedish Research Council Formas, 2020-02085EU, Horizon 2020, AURORAL
Available from: 2024-02-02 Created: 2024-02-02 Last updated: 2024-02-02Bibliographically approved
Liu, B., Penaka, S. R., Lu, W., Feng, K., Rebbling, A. & Olofsson, T. (2023). Data-driven quantitative analysis of an integrated open digital ecosystems platform for user-centric energy retrofits: A case study in northern Sweden. Technology in society, 75, Article ID 102347.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Data-driven quantitative analysis of an integrated open digital ecosystems platform for user-centric energy retrofits: A case study in northern Sweden
Show others...
2023 (English)In: Technology in society, ISSN 0160-791X, E-ISSN 1879-3274, Vol. 75, article id 102347Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This paper presents an open digital ecosystem based on a web-framework with a functional back-end server for user-centric energy retrofits. This data-driven web framework is proposed for building energy renovation benchmarking as part of an energy advisory service development for the Västerbotten region, Sweden. A 4-tier architecture is developed and programmed to achieve users’ interactive design and visualization via a web browser. Six data-driven methods are integrated into this framework as backend server functions. Based on these functions, users can be supported by this decision-making system when they want to know if a renovation is needed or not. Meanwhile, influential factors (input values) from the database that affect energy usage in buildings are to be analyzed via quantitative analysis, i.e., sensitivity analysis. The contributions to this open ecosystem platform in energy renovation are: 1) A systematic framework that can be applied to energy efficiency with data-driven approaches, 2) A user-friendly web-based platform that is easy and flexible to use, and 3) integrated quantitative analysis into the framework to obtain the importance among all the relevant factors. This computational framework is designed for stakeholders who would like to get preliminary information in energy advisory. The improved energy advisor service enabled by the developed platform can significantly reduce the cost of decision-making, enabling decision-makers to participate in such professional knowledge-required decisions in a deliberate and efficient manner. This work is funded by the AURORAL project, which integrates an open and interoperable digital platform, demonstrated through regional large-scale pilots in different countries of Europe by interdisciplinary applications.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2023
Keywords
Energy retrofits, Data-driven modeling, Decision support systems (DSS), Quantitative analysis, Open ecosystem platform
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering Energy Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-214835 (URN)10.1016/j.techsoc.2023.102347 (DOI)2-s2.0-85172316454 (Scopus ID)
Funder
The Kempe Foundations, JCK-2136EU, Horizon 2020, 101016854J. Gust. Richert stiftelse, 2023-00884Swedish Research Council, 2018-05973Swedish Research Council, 2022-06725
Available from: 2023-10-02 Created: 2023-10-02 Last updated: 2023-10-17Bibliographically approved
Zhou, H., Puttige, A. R., Nair, G. & Olofsson, T. (2023). Experimental study of micro-encapsulated phase change materials’ influence on indoor temperature. Paper presented at NSB 2023, 13th Nordic Symposium on building physics, Aalborg, Denmark, June 12-14, 2023. Journal of Physics, Conference Series, 2654(1), Article ID 012064.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Experimental study of micro-encapsulated phase change materials’ influence on indoor temperature
2023 (English)In: Journal of Physics, Conference Series, ISSN 1742-6588, E-ISSN 1742-6596, Vol. 2654, no 1, article id 012064Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The energy use of buildings is almost one-third of the global final energy use. Phase change Materials (PCMs) are substances that undergo phase transition when the surrounding temperature reaches their phase transition temperature. PCMs are reported to be a good candidate as a thermal storage buffer in building systems. Accordingly, PCMs may be able to regulate the indoor temperature while using less energy and thereby contributing in improving the energy performance of the building. In this project a trail to analyse the effect of PCMs in indoor temperature was carried out, in an experimental set-up, using a climate chamber. The chamber temperature is regulated as a sinusoidal profile with a cycle of 24 hours, with a maximum of 40 °C and a minimum of -10 °C. A cubic-box, is placed at the centre of the chamber, and is used as a representation of “building”. A board was made by encapsulating PCMs, with a melting temperature of 24 °C, to gypsum with a fraction of 20 wt%. The influence of PCM added gypsum board on inside temperature of the box is studied. Temperatures at different locations have been measured by thermocouples. The results indicated that the presence of PCM resulted in less temperature variation inside the box with the temperature holding close to the PCM transition temperature for a long period. Also, the PCM boards shifted the temperature profile. Further results are expected to determine the location of the PCM board that is most suitable to reduce the temperature variation inside the building.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Physics (IOP), 2023
National Category
Energy Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-212575 (URN)10.1088/1742-6596/2654/1/012064 (DOI)2-s2.0-85181174452 (Scopus ID)
Conference
NSB 2023, 13th Nordic Symposium on building physics, Aalborg, Denmark, June 12-14, 2023
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, P2021-00248
Available from: 2023-08-06 Created: 2023-08-06 Last updated: 2024-01-29Bibliographically approved
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0002-8704-8538

Search in DiVA

Show all publications