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This article addresses the critical issue of societal resilience in the face of disinformation, particularly in highly digitized democratic societies. Recognizing the escalating impact of disinformation as a significant threat to societal security, the study conducts a scoping review of the literature from 2018 to 2022 to explore the current understanding and approaches to countering this challenge. The core contribution of the article is the development of a preliminary typological framework that addresses key elements and issue areas relevant to societal resilience to disinformation. This framework spans multiple dimensions, including legal/regulatory, educational, political/governance, psychological/social-psychological, and technological domains. By synthesizing existing knowledge and filling identified gaps, the framework aims to serve as a foundational tool for empirical analyses and the enhancement of resilience strategies. One of the innovative aspects of the proposed framework is its potential to be transformed into a computable and customizable tool. This tool would measure the maturity level of various countermeasures against disinformation, thereby providing a practical methodology for planning and implementing effective democratic responses to disinformation. The article emphasizes the importance of this framework as both a conceptual and practical guide. It offers valuable insights for a wide range of civil society actors, including policymakers, educators, and technologists, in their efforts to protect information integrity and bolster societal resilience. By laying the groundwork for a more comprehensive understanding of societal resilienceto disinformation, the article contributes to the broader discourse on informationprotection and provides actionable guidance for addressing the evolving challengesposed by disinformation in democratic societies.

The aim of this study is to explore civic literacy as an approach to counter disinformationin democracies. From group interviews, we elicit, categorize, and analyze diverse perspectives ondisinformation in Sweden, previously upheld as a country with high civic literacy levels. We focuson people’s understandings of disinformation, their assessment of their own abilities to discern disinformation, and their ideas about how increased resilience to disinformation could be achieved. Ourfindings, based on input from 73 interviewees across Sweden, suggest that shared basic knowledgeon disinformation is lacking. Moreover, there is a related weak understanding of what constitutesauthentic information. Those with low awareness operate on a logic of beliefs, implying that measuresto improve factuality and objectivity could not even be aspired for. Still, there are also constituentsshowing advanced understandings. The majority of respondents call for new measures to strengthencitizen knowledge and skills and generate many proposals to that end. Our results indicate thatcitizen competence needs to increase considerably to keep up with the rapidly evolving disinformation environment. A concerted drive to boost citizen knowledge and skills, tailored to differentconstituencies, is needed for the democratic system to work as intended.

When established in 2012, the Arctic Centre of Umeå University (Arcum) became the first cohesive center for Arctic research in Sweden. Since then, strategic networking on all levels has grown. Today, Arcum’s local network includes more than 250 researchers from all faculty areas. Nationally and internationally, Arcum collaborates with a large number of universities and research facilities and associates with organizations and networks such as University of the Arctic (UArctic), International Arctic Social Science Association (IASSA), International Congress of Circumpolar Health (ICCH) and China Nordic Arctic Research Centre (CNARC). Arcum strives towards multidisciplinarity and a broad definition of Arctic research. For example, a bibliometric analysis of the period 2012 – 2020 illustrates the progress in Arctic profiling and how Arcum’s local network has produced close to 1,600 peer-reviewed papers. The majority of these are related to science and medicine, but a fair share also representing the social sciences and humanities, mirroring an increasing interest in the human dimension of Arctic existence. We conclude that strategic networking has been an efficient tool for strengthening the Arctic profile and related research at Umeå University. The recent organizational reform and reorientation towards spin-offs and graduate research is likely to enhance this successful trend.

This article illustrates, through a combination of administrative and legal perspectives, how ambitions to centralise prioritisation decisions within a police organisation can be limited by the legal rules relating to crime investigations and public order policing. As a case study, we use the centralisation of the Swedish Police, a reform intending to reduce the previously far-reaching operational independence of regional police authorities in favour of a centralised and uniform single authority. Through this case study, we analyse the interaction between the legal and institutional frameworks of policing and prosecution, including positive obligations enshrined in the European Convention on Human Rights. We conclude that legal responsibilities affecting the Swedish Police may significantly limit the possibility for managers and officers to de-prioritise many cases and public order concerns, which, in turn, may limit the ability to divert resources to other—centrally prioritised—tasks. Failure to account for such limits may cause reform ambitions to collide with legal responsibilities in day-to-day operative policing. The results indicate that research into organisational reform and police prioritisation may benefit from a more systemic analysis of the legal and institutional factors limiting institutional discretion.

In this chapter, some of the core ideas underpinning Swedish security policy are described and discussed. In an effort to tease out whether or not these ideas also have an Arctic dimension, their contemporary scope and meaning in the Swedish political context is illustrated by ideas concerning geopolitical framing, agenda-setting, and military doctrine. The 2011–2013 Swedish chairmanship of the Arctic Council stands out both as a starting point and as an ideational vanguard for Swedish ideas about Arctic security. The chapter concludes that the Swedish chairmanship represented a unique opportunity to shift security perceptions, but that this did not happen. Swedish security perceptions seem to remain firmly rooted in the Baltic Sea Region. Short of outright military conflict, a domestic political sea change regarding NATO membership can be seen as the potential "game changer."