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Effects of age and age-related hearing loss on speaker recognition, or can senior citizens be reliable earwitnesses
Umeå universitet, Humanistiska fakulteten, Filosofi och lingvistik.
Manuskript (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-2284OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-2284DiVA, id: diva2:140215
Tillgänglig från: 2007-05-03 Skapad: 2007-05-03 Senast uppdaterad: 2018-06-09
Ingår i avhandling
1. That voice sounds familiar: factors in speaker recognition
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>That voice sounds familiar: factors in speaker recognition
2007 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

Humans have the ability to recognize other humans by voice alone. This is important both socially and for the robustness of speech perception. This Thesis contains a set of eight studies that investigates how different factors impact on speaker recognition and how these factors can help explain how listeners perceive and evaluate speaker identity. The first study is a review paper overviewing emotion decoding and encoding research. The second study compares the relative importance of the emotional tone in the voice and the emotional content of the message. A mismatch between these was shown to impact upon decoding speed. The third study investigates the factor dialect in speaker recognition and shows, using a bidialectal speaker as the target voice to control all other variables, that the dominance of dialect cannot be overcome. The fourth paper investigates if imitated stage dialects are as perceptually dominant as natural dialects. It was found that a professional actor could disguise his voice successfully by imitating a dialect, yet that a listener's proficiency in a language or accent can reduce susceptibility to a dialect imitation. Papers five to seven focus on automatic techniques for speaker separation. Paper five shows that a method developed for Australian English diphthongs produced comparable results with a Swedish glide + vowel transition. The sixth and seventh papers investigate a speaker separation technique developed for American English. It was found that the technique could be used to separate Swedish speakers and that it is robust against professional imitations. Paper eight investigates how age and hearing impact upon earwitness reliability. This study shows that a senior citizen with corrected hearing can be as reliable an earwitness as a younger adult with no hearing problem, but suggests that a witness' general cognitive skill deterioration needs to be considered when assessing a senior citizen's earwitness evidence. On the basis of the studies a model of speaker recognition is presented, based on the face recognition model by V. Bruce and Young (1986; British Journal of Psychology, 77, pp. 305 - 327) and the voice recognition model by Belin, Fecteau and Bédard (2004; TRENDS in Cognitive Science, 8, pp. 129 - 134). The merged and modified model handles both familiar and unfamiliar voices. The findings presented in this Thesis, in particular the findings of the individual papers in Part II, have implications for criminal cases in which speaker recognition forms a part. The findings feed directly into the growing body of forensic phonetic and forensic linguistic research.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Umeå: Filosofi och lingvistik, 2007. s. 160
Nyckelord
speaker recognition, accent, emotions, hearing, spectral moments, formant transitions, dialect
Nationell ämneskategori
Människa-datorinteraktion (interaktionsdesign)
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1106 (URN)978-91-7264-311-6 (ISBN)
Disputation
2007-05-24, Hörsal F, Humanisthuset, Umeå, 10:00
Opponent
Handledare
Tillgänglig från: 2007-05-03 Skapad: 2007-05-03 Senast uppdaterad: 2018-06-09Bibliografiskt granskad

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Eriksson, Erik J.

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