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Hybrid Adaptive Checkpointing for Virtual Machine Fault Tolerance
Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Computing Science. (Distributed Systems Group)
Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Computing Science. Red Hat Inc..
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2018 (English)In: Proceedings - 2018 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering, IC2E 2018 / [ed] Li J., Chandra A., Guo T., Cai Y., Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2018, p. 12-22Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Active Virtual Machine (VM) replication is an application independent and cost-efficient mechanism for high availability and fault tolerance, with several recently proposed implementations based on checkpointing. However, these methods may suffer from large impacts on application latency, excessive resource usage overheads, and/or unpredictable behavior for varying workloads. To address these problems, we propose a hybrid approach through a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller to dynamically switch between periodic and on-demand check-pointing. Our mechanism automatically selects the method that minimizes application downtime by adapting itself to changes in workload characteristics. The implementation is based on modifications to QEMU, LibVirt, and OpenStack, to seamlessly provide fault tolerant VM provisioning and to enable the controller to dynamically select the best checkpointing mode. Our evaluation is based on experiments with a video streaming application, an e-commerce benchmark, and a software development tool. The experiments demonstrate that our adaptive hybrid approach improves both application availability and resource usage compared to static selection of a checkpointing method, with application performance gains and neglectable overheads.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2018. p. 12-22
Keywords [en]
Fault Tolerance, Resource Management, Checkpoint, COLO, Control Theory
National Category
Computer Systems
Research subject
Computer Science
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-152033DOI: 10.1109/IC2E.2018.00023ISI: 000759774400002Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85048315473ISBN: 978-1-5386-5009-7 (print)ISBN: 978-1-5386-5008-0 (electronic)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-152033DiVA, id: diva2:1250625
Conference
2018 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Engineering (IC2E 2018), 17–20 April 2018, Orlando, Florida, USA
Available from: 2018-09-24 Created: 2018-09-24 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Application-aware resource management for datacenters
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Application-aware resource management for datacenters
2018 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Alternative title[sv]
Applikationsmedveten resurshantering för datacenter
Abstract [en]

High Performance Computing (HPC) and Cloud Computing datacenters are extensively used to steer and solve complex problems in science, engineering, and business, such as calculating correlations and making predictions. Already in a single datacenter server, there are thousands of hardware and software metrics – Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) – that individually and aggregated can give insight in the performance, robustness, and efficiency of the datacenter and the provisioned applications. At the datacenter level, the number of KPIs is even higher. The fast growing interest on datacenter management from both public and industry together with the rapid expansion in scale and complexity of datacenter resources and the services being provided on them have made monitoring, profiling, controlling, and provisioning compute resources dynamically at runtime into a challenging and complex task. Commonly, correlations of application KPIs, like response time and throughput, with resource capacities show that runtime systems (e.g., containers or virtual machines) that are used to provision these applications do not utilize available resources efficiently. This reduces datacenter efficiency, which in term results in higher operational costs and longer waiting times for results.

The goal of this thesis is to develop tools and autonomic techniques for improving datacenter operations, management and utilization, while improving and/or minimizing impacts on applications performance. To this end, we make use of application resource descriptors to create a library that dynamically adjusts the amount of resources used, enabling elasticity for scientific workflows in HPC datacenters. For mission critical applications, high availability is of great concern since these services must be kept running even in the event of system failures. By modeling and correlating specific resource counters, like CPU, memory and network utilization, with the number of runtime synchronizations, we present adaptive mechanisms to dynamically select which fault tolerant mechanism to use. Likewise, for scientific applications we propose a hybrid extensible architecture for dual-level scheduling of data intensive jobs in HPC infrastructures, allowing operational simplification, on-boarding of new types of applications and achieving greater job throughput with higher overall datacenter efficiency.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Umeå: Department of computing science, Umeå university, 2018. p. 28
Series
Report / UMINF, ISSN 0348-0542 ; 18.14
Keywords
Resource Management, High Performance Computing, Cloud Computing
National Category
Computer Systems
Research subject
Computer Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-155620 (URN)978-91-7601-971-9 (ISBN)
Presentation
2018-12-12, MA121, MIT-Huset, Umeå, 20:31 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2019-01-25 Created: 2019-01-24 Last updated: 2020-09-14Bibliographically approved
2. Autonomous resource management for high performance datacenters
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Autonomous resource management for high performance datacenters
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Alternative title[sv]
Autonom resurshantering för högpresterande datacenter
Abstract [en]

Over the last decade, new applications such as data intensive workflows have hit an inflection point in wide spread use and influenced the compute paradigm of most scientific and industrial endeavours. Data intensive workflows are highly dynamic and adaptable to resource changes, system faults, and by also allowing approximate solutions into their models. On the one hand, these dynamic characteristics require processing power and capabilities originated in cloud computing environments, and are not well supported by large High Performance Computing (HPC) infrastructures. On the other hand, cloud computing datacenters favor low latency over throughput, deeply contrasting with HPC, which enforces a centralized environment and prioritizes total computation accomplished over-time, ignoring latency entirely. Although data handling needs are predicted to increase by as much as a thousand times over the next decade, future datacenters processing power will not increase as much.

To tackle these long-term developments, this thesis proposes autonomic methods combined with novel scheduling strategies to optimize datacenter utilization while guaranteeing user defined constraints and seamlessly supporting a wide range of applications under various real operational scenarios. Leveraging upon data intensive characteristics, a library is developed to dynamically adjust the amount of resources used throughout the lifespan of a workflow, enabling elasticity for such applications in HPC datacenters. For mission critical environments where services must run even in the event of system failures, we define an adaptive controller to dynamically select the best method to perform runtime state synchronizations. We develop different hybrid extensible architectures and reinforcement learning scheduling algorithms that smoothly enable dynamic applications into HPC environments. An overall theme in this thesis is extensive experimentation in real datacenters environments. Our results show improvements in datacenter utilization and performance, achieving higher overall efficiency. Our methods also simplify operations and allow the onboarding of novel types of applications previously not supported.

Abstract [sv]

Dataintensiva workflows är en ny klass av applikationer som blivit alltmer vanliga under senaste årtiondet och har stor påverkan på hur beräkningar utförs inom flertalet forskningsområden och i industrin. Dessa dataintensiva workflows kan dynamiskt anpassa sig till ändringar i resursallokering, systemfel och kan ibland även approximera lösningar vid resursbrist. De kräver hög beräkningskraft och därtill funktionalitet som endast återfinns i datormoln och de passar därmed dåligt i dagens högpresterande datorsystem (HPC-system). Datacenter i molnet prioriterar att snabbt starta nyinkomna applikationer, vilket drastiskt skiljer sig från HPC-miljöer där hög genomströmning över tid är det främsta målet. Trots att behovet av datahantering uppskattas öka mer än tusenfallt under kommande årtioende kommer framtidens datacenter inte att ha motsvarande utveckling av beräkningskapacitet.

Denna avhandling möter dessa utmaningar genom en kombination av autonoma system och nya strategier för schedulering för att optimera utnyttjandegraden i datacenter. Detta sker utan att göra avkall på användares prestandakrav och därtill med målet att stödja ett brett spektrum av applikationer och scenarios. Ett bibliotek utvecklas för att dynamiskt anpassa resursallokering för workflows under körning, vilket innebär att även HPC-system kan stödja elastiska applikationer som tidigare bara kunde exekveras i datormoln. För miljöer med höga krav på tillgänglighet defineras en regulator för att dynamiskt anpassa hur applikationer synkroniserar tillstånd, för mer resurseffektiv aktiv replikering. Avhandlingen utvecklar även flera resurshanteringssystem baserat på schedulering med förstärkningsinlärning i syftet att förbättra stödet för dynamiska applikationer i HPC-system. Ett övergripande tema i avhandlingen är omfattande utvärderingar av de framtagna metoderna och systemen genom storskaliga experiment i verkliga datacenter. Resultaten visar förbättringar överlag av resursutnyttjande och prestanda i datacenter. De utvecklade systemen förenklar även drift och möjliggör nya typer av applikationer som tidigare ej kunnat exekveras i HPC-miljöer.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Umeå: Umeå University, 2020. p. 44
Series
Report / UMINF, ISSN 0348-0542 ; 20.03
Keywords
Datacenters, high performance computing, scheduling, hybrid
National Category
Engineering and Technology
Research subject
Computer Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-169633 (URN)978-91-7855-286-3 (ISBN)978-91-7855-287-0 (ISBN)
Public defence
2020-05-08, MIT Place Seminarierummet, MIT-byggnaden (Plan 2), Umeå, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

New place for the public defence (wrong place in the posting sheet). 

Available from: 2020-04-17 Created: 2020-04-13 Last updated: 2020-05-25Bibliographically approved

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Souza, AbelTomás Bolivar, LuisTordsson, Johan

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