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High influence of baseline respiration in a sub-Arctic coastal ecosystem
Umeå universitet, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap. (EcoChange; UMFpub)
Umeå universitet, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap. (Arcum)
Umeå universitet, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Umeå marina forskningscentrum (UMF). Umeå universitet, Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap. (EcoChange ; UMFpub ; Arcum)
(Engelska)Manuskript (preprint) (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

Respiration is a key metabolic process in the marine environment that is usually assumed to be driven by phytoplankton production. However, respiration in the absence of contemporary phytoplankton production, termed baseline respiration, can influence the energetics of an ecosystem and its sensitivity to hypoxia. Direct studies of baseline respiration and its importance for coastal oxygen status are currently lacking. This study aims to obtain a first estimate of baseline respiration in a sub-arctic estuary, determine its contribution to annual plankton community respiration and identify the main carbon sources. The four different methods used to define baseline respiration converged on an average rate of 4.2 mmol O2 m-3 d-1 ± 0.1 (SE), corresponding to an annual contribution of 50 % of planktonic respiration on the basin scale. Respiration during the winter season (sporadic ice cover) was significant and comprised 25 % of annual pelagic respiration. No correlation between plankton respiration and phytoplankton production occurred on the intra-annual scale, while there was a weak exponential dependence on riverine total organic carbon inflow combined with phytoplankton production (i.e., major C input). Measured carbon sources could supply most (78 %) of the annual plankton respiration but only 39 % of the winter season respiration, suggesting some missing carbon sources. Nitrification had a negligible (≤ 2.4 %) effect on baseline respiration in the system. The results showed that baseline respiration could constitute a significant share of coastal plankton respiration, when allochthonous carbon sources dominate the carbon supply.

Nationell ämneskategori
Ekologi
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-152584OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-152584DiVA, id: diva2:1255807
Tillgänglig från: 2018-10-15 Skapad: 2018-10-15 Senast uppdaterad: 2021-06-10
Ingår i avhandling
1. Importance of bacterial maintenance respiration and baseline respiration for development of coastal hypoxia
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Importance of bacterial maintenance respiration and baseline respiration for development of coastal hypoxia
2018 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

Reduced oxygen concentrations and increasing hypoxic zones havebecome more common in the sea due to climate change andeutrophication. The main cause of oxygen loss in oxygenatedenvironments is respiration. Respiration rates can be estimated usingoptode methodologies which utilize dynamic luminescence quenching toestimate the oxygen concentration declines in dark incubations. Apublished optode methodology was improved by using optodes withtitanium housing instead of plastic housing plausibly trapping oxygen.Drift was highly reduced by the titanium casings leading to a higherprecision and lower detection limit of 0.97 mmol O2 m-3 d-1. 28% ofmeasurements were shown to have non-linear oxygen concentrationdeclines. The rate of oxygen change was derived with a 2nd degreepolynomial at 1 hour from the incubation start. The majority of non-lineardeclines were concave and due to carbon substrate limitation. Analyzingnon-linear trends linearly, a common practice, leads to anunderestimation of respiration by up to 64%.

Bacterial maintenance respiration (Rm) was studied using anecophysiological model unverified in natural environments. The modelwas applicable at high productivities but a quadratic model wasdemonstrated to give a better fit. Rm was found to represent a significantpart in the sub-arctic estuary contributing to 58% of the annual specificbacterial respiration. Therefore, Rm may be more important in nature thanpreviously recognized. The ecophysiological model is driven solely by thebacterial specific growth rate (μ) where the relative influence of Rm iselevated as μ decreases. As a consequence, I hypothesize that a reductionin nutrients may not decrease the oxygen consumption but rather shiftbacterial growth based respiration to Rm as μ approaches zero.Baseline respiration (Rbl), defined as ecosystem respiration disconnectedfrom contemporary primary produced carbon, was also studied. Rbl wasshown to be largely supplied by allochthonous carbon in a coastalecosystem and had a contribution of 50% to the annual planktoncommunity respiration in the sub-arctic estuary studied. I claim that Rbland Rm are crucial to include for understanding and managingdevelopment of aquatic hypoxia in an effective and economic manner.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Umeå: Umeå Universitet, 2018. s. 40
Nyckelord
Ecology, Respiration, Estuarine, Allochthonous, Maintenance, primary production, bacterial production
Nationell ämneskategori
Ekologi
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-152587 (URN)978-91-7601-927-6 (ISBN)
Disputation
2018-11-09, N440, Naturvetarhuset, Umeå, 09:00 (Engelska)
Opponent
Handledare
Tillgänglig från: 2018-10-19 Skapad: 2018-10-15 Senast uppdaterad: 2019-03-19Bibliografiskt granskad

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Vikström, KevinKarlsson, JanWikner, Johan

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Vikström, KevinKarlsson, JanWikner, Johan
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Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskapUmeå marina forskningscentrum (UMF)
Ekologi

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