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The effects of maternal and child HIV infection on health equity in Tigray Region, Ethiopia, and the implications for the health system: a case-control study
Tigray Health Bureau, Tigray, Ethiopia;Ethiopian Health Insurance Agency, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Global Health.
Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Global Health. Institute of Applied Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK; MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5474-4361
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2019 (English)In: AIDS Care, ISSN 0954-0121, E-ISSN 1360-0451, Vol. 31, no 10, p. 1271-1281Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Services that aim to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) can simultaneously reduce the overall impact of HIV infection in a population while also improving maternal and child health outcomes. By taking a health equity perspective, this retrospective case control study aimed to compare the health status of under-5 children born to HIV-positive and HIV-negative mothers in Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Two hundred and thirteen HIV-positive women (cases), and 214 HIV-negative women (controls) participated through interviews regarding their oldest children. Of the children born to HIV-positive mothers, 24% had not been tested, and 17% of those who had been tested were HIV-positive themselves. Only 29% of the HIV-positive children were linked to an ART programme. Unexpectedly, exposed HIV-negative children had fewer reports of perceived poor health as compared to unexposed children. Over 90% of all the children, regardless of maternal HIV status, were breastfed and up-to-date with the recommended immunizations. The high rate of HIV infection among the babies of HIV-positive women along with their low rates of antiretroviral treatment raises serious concerns about the quality of outreach to pregnant women in Tigray Region, and of the follow-up for children who have been exposed to HIV via their mothers.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Routledge, 2019. Vol. 31, no 10, p. 1271-1281
Keywords [en]
Ethiopia, HIV, PMTCT, health equity, under-5 morbidity, under-5 mortality
National Category
Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology Health Care Service and Management, Health Policy and Services and Health Economy
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-158194DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2019.1601670ISI: 000471385300001PubMedID: 30957540Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85063992477OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-158194DiVA, id: diva2:1305309
Funder
Swedish Research Council, C0615601Available from: 2019-04-16 Created: 2019-04-16 Last updated: 2024-03-14Bibliographically approved

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Abraha, AtakeltiMyléus, AnnaByass, PeterKinsman, John

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