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Olfactory Impairment and Subjective Olfactory Complaints Independently Predict Conversion to Dementia: A Longitudinal, Population-Based Study
Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry.
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2014 (English)In: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, ISSN 1355-6177, E-ISSN 1469-7661, Vol. 20, no 2, p. 209-217Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We examined whether conversion to dementia can be predicted by self-reported olfactory impairment and/or by an inability to identify odors. Common forms of dementia involve an impaired sense of smell, and poor olfactory performance predicts cognitive decline among the elderly. We followed a sample of 1529 participants, who were within a normal range of overall cognitive function at baseline, over a 10-year period during which 159 were classified as having a dementia disorder. Dementia conversion was predicted from demographic variables, Mini-Mental State Examination score, and olfactory assessments. Self-reported olfactory impairment emerged as an independent predictor of dementia. After adjusting for effects of other predictors, individuals who rated their olfactory sensitivity as "worse than normal" were more likely to convert to dementia than those who reported normal olfactory sensitivity (odds ratio [OR] = 2.17; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.40, 3.37]). Additionally, low scores on an odor identification test also predicted conversion to dementia (OR per 1 point increase = 0.89; 95% CI [0.81, 0.98]), but these two effects were additive. We suggest that assessing subjective olfactory complaints might supplement other assessments when evaluating the risk of conversion to dementia. Future studies should investigate which combination of olfactory assessments is most useful in predicting dementia conversion. (JINS, 2014, 20, 1-9)

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2014. Vol. 20, no 2, p. 209-217
Keywords [en]
Alzheimer type dementia, Awareness, Olfaction, Smell disorder, Memory, Vascular dementia
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-88294DOI: 10.1017/S1355617713001409ISI: 000332448700010PubMedID: 24451436Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84894111138OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-88294DiVA, id: diva2:715768
Available from: 2014-05-06 Created: 2014-04-29 Last updated: 2023-03-24Bibliographically approved

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Nordin, StevenAdolfsson, Rolf

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