This chapter explores how violence against women is represented and approached in humanitarian aid to refugees. Drawing on an analysis of key humanitarian policy texts and case studies of efforts to address violence in refugee camps in Thailand and Bangladesh, the analysis demonstrates that a representation of violence against women as an expression of the 'underdevelopment' of refugee communities has gained prominence in humanitarian policy and practice. Consequently, changing the cultural norms and practices of refugees as to 'develop' them is seen as the main solution. However, this chapter shows that this approach has generated conflicts and resistance, and sometimes obstructed rather than advanced struggles for refugee women's rights.