Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute for Nutrition Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, WA, Perth, Australia.
Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, Section of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy.
Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Department of Research, IRCCS National Cancer Institute Foundation, Milan, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
Hyblean Association for Epidemiological Research (AIRE-ONLUS), Ragusa, Italy.
Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, Turin, Italy.
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; The Public Dental Health Service Competence Center of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, Granada, Spain; Biosanitary Research Institute of Granada - ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INYTA) ‘José Mataix’, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain; CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Register-based Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
International Agency for Research on Cancer Nutrition (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France.
International Agency for Research on Cancer Nutrition (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France.
International Agency for Research on Cancer Nutrition (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France.
Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain; Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Gastronomy, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Institute for Research on Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations among the intake of total polyphenols, polyphenol classes, and polyphenol subclasses and body weight change over 5 years.
Methods: A total of 349,165 men and women aged 25 to 70 years were recruited in the Physical Activity, Nutrition, Alcohol, Cessation of Smoking, Eating Out of Home and Obesity (PANACEA) project of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort from nine European countries. Body weight was measured at baseline and at follow-up after a median time of 5 years. Polyphenol intake, including four main polyphenol classes and eighteen subclasses, was estimated using validated dietary questionnaires and Phenol-Explorer. Multilevel mixed linear regression models were used to estimate the associations.
Results: Participants gained, on average, 2.6 kg (±5.0 kg) over 5 years. Total flavonoids intake was inversely associated with body weight change (−0.195 kg/5 years, 95% CI: −0.262 to −0.128). However, the intake of total polyphenols (0.205 kg/5 years, 95% CI: 0.138 to 0.272) and intake of hydroxycinnamic acids (0.324 kg/5 years, 95% CI: 0.267 to 0.381) were positively associated with body weight gain. In analyses stratified by coffee consumption, hydroxycinnamic acid intake was positively associated with body weight gain in coffee consumers (0.379 kg/5 years, 95% CI: 0.319 to 0.440), but not in coffee nonconsumers (−0.179 kg/5 years, 95% CI: −0.490 to 0.133).
Conclusions: Higher intakes of flavonoids and their subclasses are inversely associated with a modest body weight change. Results regarding hydroxycinnamic acids in coffee consumers require further investigation.
John Wiley & Sons, 2023. Vol. 31, no 4, p. 1146-1158