Background: Fear of orthostatic hypotension (OH) and a reported association with an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events may limit antihypertensive treatment after stroke/TIA. In the NAILED trial, systematic titration of antihypertensive treatment resulted in lower blood pressure (BP) and reduced the incidence of stroke. Our aim was to assess the association between OH and CV events or death in a stroke/TIA population and the association between group allocation in the NAILED trial and risk of OH during follow-up.
Methods and findings: This post-hoc analysis included all patients with complete BP measurement at baseline in the NAILED trial (n = 814). OH was defined as a drop in systolic BP ≥20 or diastolic BP ≥10 mmHg 1 minute after standing from a seated position. The association between OH and a composite of stroke, myocardial infarction, or death was assessed using an adjusted Cox regression model with OH as a time-varying variable. The association between group allocation (intervention vs. control) and OH was assessed using logistic regression. During a mean follow-up of 4.8 years, 35.3% of patients had OH at some point. OH was not significantly associated with the composite outcome (HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.80–1.54). Allocation to the intervention group in the NAILED trial was not associated with OH during follow-up (OR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.62–1.13).
Conclusions: OH was not associated with an increased risk of CV events or death in this stroke/TIA population. Systematic titration of antihypertensive treatment did not increase the prevalence of OH compared to usual care. Thus, OH did not reduce the gains of antihypertensive treatment.