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Cell wall integrity modulates HOOKLESS1 and PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4 expression controlling apical hook formation
Dipartimento di Biologia e biotecnologie "Charles Darwin", Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6873-9341
Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7925-5772
IRBV, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7445-7378
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2024 (English)In: Plant Physiology, ISSN 0032-0889, E-ISSN 1532-2548, Vol. 196, no 2, p. 1562-1578Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Formation of the apical hook in etiolated dicot seedlings results from differential growth in the hypocotyl apex and is tightly controlled by environmental cues and hormones, among which auxin and gibberellins (GAs) play an important role. Cell expansion is tightly regulated by the cell wall, but whether and how feedback from this structure contributes to hook development are still unclear. Here, we show that etiolated seedlings of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) quasimodo2-1 (qua2) mutant, defective in pectin biosynthesis, display severe defects in apical hook formation and maintenance, accompanied by loss of asymmetric auxin maxima and differential cell expansion. Moreover, qua2 seedlings show reduced expression of HOOKLESS1 (HLS1) and PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4), which are positive regulators of hook formation. Treatment of wild-type seedlings with the cellulose inhibitor isoxaben (isx) also prevents hook development and represses HLS1 and PIF4 expression. Exogenous GAs, loss of DELLA proteins, or HLS1 overexpression partially restore hook development in qua2 and isx-treated seedlings. Interestingly, increased agar concentration in the medium restores, both in qua2 and isx-treated seedlings, hook formation, asymmetric auxin maxima, and PIF4 and HLS1 expression. Analyses of plants expressing a F & ouml;rster resonance energy transfer-based GA sensor indicate that isx reduces accumulation of GAs in the apical hook region in a turgor-dependent manner. Lack of the cell wall integrity sensor THESEUS 1, which modulates turgor loss point, restores hook formation in qua2 and isx-treated seedlings. We propose that turgor-dependent signals link changes in cell wall integrity to the PIF4-HLS1 signaling module to control differential cell elongation during hook formation. Loss of cell wall integrity suppresses gibberellic acid accumulation and HOOKLESS1 and PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4 expression, ultimately repressing apical hook formation in Arabidopsis.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Oxford University Press, 2024. Vol. 196, no 2, p. 1562-1578
National Category
Plant Biotechnology Cell Biology Developmental Biology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-228749DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae370ISI: 001274409800001PubMedID: 38976579Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85205951648OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-228749DiVA, id: diva2:1891361
Funder
Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2016.0341Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2016.0352Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2022.0029Vinnova, 2016-00504Swedish Research Council, 2020-03420Bio4EnergyEU, Horizon 2020, 759282Swedish Research Council, 2020-06442Available from: 2024-08-22 Created: 2024-08-22 Last updated: 2024-10-18Bibliographically approved

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Verger, Stéphane

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