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12 BERÄTTELSER OM SKAM: En kvalitativ studie om terapeuters upplevelser och erfarenheter av egen skam i terapirummet
Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
2025 (Swedish)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Sammanfattning

Denna studie undersöker terapeuters egna erfarenheter och upplevelser av skam i terapirummet och hur det påverkar den terapeutiska alliansen och maktbalansen i relationen till klienten. Tidigare forskning har främst fokuserat på klientens skam, medan terapeutens egna skamupplevelser har varit relativt outforskat trots dess potentiella påverkan på behandlingsresultat. Genom en kvalitativ forskningsdesign intervjuades sex terapeuter med minst grundläggande psykoterapiutbildning. Totalt rekonstruerades och analyserades 12 skamrelaterade händelser med hjälp av tematisk analys enligt Braun och Clarke (2006). Resultaten visar att skam ofta uppstår i situationer där terapeutens kompetens ifrågasätts, vid praktiska misstag eller när en personlig koppling till klientens berättelse uppstår. Skamreaktionerna inkluderade kroppsliga, emotionella och kognitiva responser och hanterades genom strategier som undvikande, försvar och självrannsakan. Upplevelsen av skam påverkade både terapeutens professionella självbild och den terapeutiska alliansen, där alliansbrott ibland kunde repareras genom öppenhet och ursäkter. Studien understryker vikten av kollegialt stöd och reflektion, men visar också på brister i handledningens förmåga att adressera terapeuters skam. Slutsatserna pekar på behovet av att integrera träning i skamhantering och självmedkänsla i terapeututbildningar. Framtida forskning bör fokusera på hur handledning kan stödja terapeuter i att hantera skam och stärka den terapeutiska alliansen.

Abstract [en]

Abstract This study explores therapists' own experiences of shame within the therapeutic setting and how these experiences impact the therapeutic alliance and power dynamics in the therapist-client relationship. Previous research has predominantly focused on clients' shame, leaving therapists' shame experiences underexplored, despite their potential influence on treatment outcomes. Using a qualitative research design, six therapists with at least basic psychotherapy training were interviewed. A total of 12 shame-related incidents were reconstructed and analyzed through thematic analysis based on Braun and Clarke (2006). The findings reveal that shame often arises when therapists' competence is questioned, in response to practical mistakes, or due to personal connections to clients' narratives. Shame responses included physical, emotional, and cognitive reactions, managed through avoidance, defensiveness, and selfreflection. The experience of shame affected both therapists' professional self-concept and the therapeutic alliance, with trust ruptures sometimes repaired through openness and apologies. The study highlights the importance of collegial support and 2 reflection but also uncovers shortcomings in supervision's ability to address therapists' shame. The conclusions emphasize the need for integrating training in shame management and selfcompassion within psychotherapy education. Future research should explore how supervision can better support therapists in managing shame and fostering a stronger therapeutic alliance.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 24
Keywords [en]
shame, therapeutic alliance, selfcompassion, therapists' experiences, psychotherapy
Keywords [sv]
Skam, terapeutisk allians, självmedkänsla, terapeuters erfarenhet, psykoterapi
National Category
Social Sciences Psychology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-234282OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-234282DiVA, id: diva2:1929050
Subject / course
Thesis in psychotherapy for the psychotherapy programme
Educational program
Psychotherapy Programme, general
Presentation
2025-01-15, Umeå, 11:00 (Swedish)
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-01-19 Created: 2025-01-19 Last updated: 2025-01-24Bibliographically approved

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