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A Comparative Fit Analysis of GARCH Models Incorporating External Regressors in Financial Markets
Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics.
2025 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [en]

Volatility, which measures the price fluctuations of an asset, serves as a critical risk indicator in finance. An accurate estimation of volatility is essential for portfolio management, risk assessment, and derivative pricing. This thesis explores whether incorporating exogenous variables, such as implied volatility and trading volume, improves the accuracy of GARCH volatility models.The evaluation uses a range of in- and out-of-sample metrics to assess modelfit. Our findings demonstrate that incorporating external variables enhances model accuracy, particularly in capturing complex volatility dynamics, such as negative shocks and the leverage effect. However, some models tend to overestimate volatility, underscoring the importance of careful regressor selection. More complex models, which address leverage effects and heteroskedasticity, show improved performance. Despite this, the added value of external regressors may be limited, as more sophisticated models already capture most volatility dynamics. This suggests that the incremental benefit of external variables may diminish with increasingly complex models.

Abstract [sv]

Volatilitet, som mäter prisfluktuationerna för en tillgång, fungerar som en kritisk riskindikator inom finans. En korrekt uppskattning av volatiliteten är avgörande för portföljförvaltning, riskbedömning och för prissättning av derivat. I denna uppsats undersöks om inkorporering av exogena variabler, såsom implicit volatilitet och handelsvolym, förbättrar noggrannheten i GARCH:s volatilitetsmodeller. Utvärderingen använder en rad ”in-sample and out-of-sample”-mått för att bedöma modellens anpassning. Våra resultat visar på att inkorporering av externa variabler förbättrar modellens noggrannhet, särskilt när det gäller att fånga en komplex volatilitetsdynamik, såsom negativa chocker och hävstångseffekten. Vissa modeller tenderar dock att överskatta volatiliteten, vilket understryker vikten av ett noggrant val av exogena variabler. Mer komplexa modeller, som behandlar hävstångseffekter och heteroskedasticitet, visar förbättrad prestanda. Trots detta kan mervärdet av exogena variabler vara begränsat, eftersom mer sofistikerade modeller redan fångar upp de flesta volatilitetsdynamikerna. Detta tyder på att den ökande nyttan av exogena variabler kan minska med allt mer modellerna blir allt mer komplexa.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 44
Keywords [en]
volatility, exogenous variables, GARCH models, ARCH LM test, skewed distribution
National Category
Mathematics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-235448OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-235448DiVA, id: diva2:1937615
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Available from: 2025-02-14 Created: 2025-02-13 Last updated: 2025-02-14Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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Citation style
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