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Vulnerability to episodes of extreme weather: Butajira, Ethiopia, 1998-1999
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Epidemiologi och folkhälsovetenskap.
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Epidemiologi och global hälsa.
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2009 (Engelska)Ingår i: Global Health Action, ISSN 1654-9716, E-ISSN 1654-9880, Vol. 2, s. 140-148Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: During 1999-2000, great parts of Ethiopia experienced a period of famine which was recognised internationally. The aim of this paper is to characterise the epidemiology of mortality of the period, making use of individual, longitudinal population-based data from the Butajira demographic surveillance site and rainfall data from a local site.

METHODS: Vital statistics and household data were routinely collected in a cluster sample of 10 sub-communities in the Butajira district in central Ethiopia. These were supplemented by rainfall and agricultural data from the national reporting systems.

RESULTS: Rainfall was high in 1998 and well below average in 1999 and 2000. In 1998, heavy rains continued from April into October, in 1999 the small rains failed and the big rains lasted into the harvesting period. For the years 1998-1999, the mortality rate was 24.5 per 1,000 person-years, compared with 10.2 in the remainder of the period 1997-2001. Mortality peaks reflect epidemics of malaria and diarrhoeal disease. During these peaks, mortality was significantly higher among the poorer.

CONCLUSIONS: The analyses reveal a serious humanitarian crisis with the Butajira population during 1998-1999, which met the CDC guideline crisis definition of more than one death per 10,000 per day. No substantial humanitarian relief efforts were triggered, though from the results it seems likely that the poorest in the farming communities are as vulnerable as the pastoralists in the North and East of Ethiopia. Food insecurity and reliance on subsistence agriculture continue to be major issues in this and similar rural communities. Epidemics of traditional infectious diseases can still be devastating, given opportunities in nutritionally challenged populations with little access to health care.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Järfälla, Sweden: CoAction Publishing, 2009. Vol. 2, s. 140-148
Nyckelord [en]
climate change, famine, mortality, demographic surveillance, epidemiology
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-30541DOI: 10.3402/gha.v1i0.1829ISI: 000208160000043PubMedID: 20052373OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-30541DiVA, id: diva2:284629
Tillgänglig från: 2010-01-08 Skapad: 2010-01-08 Senast uppdaterad: 2018-06-08Bibliografiskt granskad
Ingår i avhandling
1. Counted - and then?: trends in child mortality within an Ethiopian demographic surveillance site
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Counted - and then?: trends in child mortality within an Ethiopian demographic surveillance site
2009 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

Background

Knowledge of the state of health of a population is necessary for planning for health services for that population. It is  a paradox that the health of populations is most commonly measured by mortality and cause of death patterns, but the absence of medical services available to a majority of the world population has made it unavoidable to equate “state of health” with “cause of death pattern”.

In the absence of population registration, mortality and causes of death must be studied in samples from the population. The research presented in this thesis mainly has been done within such a sample in a collaborative project between Umeå university and the Addis Ababa university in Ethiopia. This research started 1986 and has run continuously since then. The thesis attempts to measure the effect that social and geographical inequalities has had on the mortality of the children in the study population.

Population and Methods

The population that is included in the demographic surveillance is the children under five years of age in nine rural and one urban community in central Ethiopia. Mortality and causes of death among the children have been followed since 1987.

Results

The mortality of the children in the study is high by international comparisons. The most important reason for mortality differences within the population is the difference in living conditions and societal services between the rural and urban areas. Approximately 45% of the child deaths could have been prevented if living conditions and services had been equal to rural and urban children.

Conclusions

Information concerning mortality and cause of death patterns are essential to planning. In order to empower the population, knowledge of the mortality and most common causes of death must be known to them.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Umeå: Folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, 2009. s. 69
Serie
Umeå University medical dissertations, ISSN 0346-6612 ; 1256
Nyckelord
child mortality, developing countries, demographic surveillance, equity
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi
Forskningsämne
epidemiologi
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-21131 (URN)978-91-7264-762-6 (ISBN)
Disputation
2009-04-24, Sal 135, Allmänmedicin, Byggnad 9a, Norrlands Universitetssjukhus, Umeå, 09:00 (Engelska)
Opponent
Handledare
Tillgänglig från: 2009-04-06 Skapad: 2009-04-02 Senast uppdaterad: 2018-06-09Bibliografiskt granskad

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Vulnerability to episodes of extreme weather: Butajira, Ethiopia, 1998-1999(365 kB)291 nedladdningar
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Emmelin, AndersWall, StigByass, Peter

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