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  • 1. Acuña Mora, Mariela
    et al.
    Sparud-Lundin, Carina
    Burström, Åsa
    Hanseus, Katarina
    Rydberg, Annika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Moons, Philip
    Bratt, Ewa-Lena
    Patient empowerment and its correlates in young persons with congenital heart disease2019In: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, ISSN 1474-5151, E-ISSN 1873-1953, Vol. 18, no 5, p. 389-398, article id 1474515119835434Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE:: The objective of this study was to measure the level of empowerment and identify its correlates in young persons with congenital heart disease.

    STUDY DESIGN:: Patients aged 14-18 years with congenital heart disease, and under active follow-up in one of four paediatric cardiology centres in Sweden were invited to participate in a cross-sectional study. A total of 202 young persons returned the questionnaires. Patient empowerment was measured with the Gothenburg Young Persons Empowerment Scale that allows the calculation of total and subscale scores. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were undertaken to analyse possible correlates, including: sex, age, health behaviours, knowledge of congenital heart disease, quality of life, patient-reported health, congenital heart disease complexity, transition readiness and illness perception.

    RESULTS:: The mean empowerment score was 54.6±10.6 (scale of 15-75). Univariate analyses showed that empowerment was associated with age, quality of life, transition readiness, illness perception, health behaviours and patient-reported health (perceived physical appearance, treatment anxiety, cognitive problems and communication issues). However, multivariable linear regression analyses identified that only transition readiness (β=0.28, P<0.001) and communication (β=0.36, P<0.001) had a positive association with patient empowerment. These variables were also significantly associated with the subscale scores of the empowerment scale of knowledge and understanding ( P<0.001), shared decision-making ( P<0.001) and enabling others ( P<0.01). The overall models' explained variance ranged from 8% to 37%.

    CONCLUSION:: Patient empowerment was associated with transition readiness and fewer problems communicating. While it is not possible to establish the directionality of the associations, interventions looking to increase empowerment could benefit from using these variables (or measurements) for evaluation purposes.

  • 2.
    Acuña Mora, Mariela
    et al.
    Institute of Health and Care Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Faculty of Caring Science, Work Life and Social Welfare, University of Borås, Borås, Sweden.
    Sparud-Lundin, Carina
    Institute of Health and Care Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Fernlund, Eva
    Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Crown Princess Victoria Children's Hospital, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden.
    Fadl, Shalan
    Department of Children and Young Adults, University Hospital Örebro, Sweden.
    Kalliopi, Kazamia
    Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Rydberg, Annika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Burström, Åsa
    Karolinska Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hanseus, Katarina
    Children's Heart Center, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden.
    Moons, Philip
    Institute of Health and Care Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
    Bratt, Ewa-Lena
    Institute of Health and Care Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    The longitudinal association between patient empowerment and patient-reported outcomes: what is the direction of effect?2022In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 17, no 11, article id e0277267Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Theoretical literature and cross-sectional studies suggest empowerment is associated with other patient-reported outcomes (PROs). However, it is not known if patient empowerment is leading to improvements in other PROs or vice versa. AIMS: The present study aimed to examine the direction of effects between patient empowerment and PROs in young persons with congenital heart disease (CHD). METHODS: As part of the STEPSTONES-CHD trial, adolescents with CHD from seven pediatric cardiology centers in Sweden were included in a longitudinal observational study (n = 132). Data were collected when patients were 16 (T0), 17 (T1) and 18 ½ years old (T2). The Gothenburg Young Persons Empowerment Scale (GYPES) was used to measure patient empowerment. Random intercepts cross-lagged panel models between patient empowerment and PROs (communication skills; patient-reported health; quality of life; and transition readiness) were undertaken. RESULTS: We found a significant cross-lagged effect of transition readiness over patient empowerment between T1 and T2, signifying that a higher level of transition readiness predicted a higher level of patient empowerment. No other significant cross-lagged relationships were found. CONCLUSION: Feeling confident before the transition to adult care is necessary before young persons with CHD can feel in control to manage their health and their lives. Clinicians interested in improving patient empowerment during the transitional period should consider targeting transition readiness.

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  • 3. Albertsson-Wikland, Kerstin
    et al.
    Kriström, Berit
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Jonsson, Björn
    Hochberg, Zeʼev
    Long-term response to growth hormone (GH) therapy in short children with a delayed infancy childhood transition (DICT)2011In: Pediatric Research, ISSN 0031-3998, E-ISSN 1530-0447, Vol. 69, p. 504-510Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Transition of growth from infancy to childhood is associated with activation of the GH-IGF-I axis. Children with a delayed infancy-childhood-transition (ICT) are short as adults. Thus, age at ICT may impact on growth response to GH. The objective was to investigate associations between growth response to GH-treatment and ICT-timing in children with idiopathic short stature (ISS) in a randomized, controlled, multicenter trial, TRN 88-080. 147 pre-pubertal children (mean age, 11.5±1.4 yrs) were randomized to receive GH 33μg/kg/d (GH33, n=43), GH 67μg/kg/d (GH67, n=61) or no treatment (n=43). Data on growth to final height (FH) were analyzed after categorization into those with normal (n=76) or delayed ICT (n=71). Within the GH33 group, significant height gain at FH was only observed in children with a delayed ICT (p<0.001) with each month of delay corresponding to gain of 0.13 standard deviation score (SDS). For the GH67 group, the timing of the onset of the ICT had no impact on growth response. In conclusion, ISS children with a delayed ICT responded to standard-GH-dose (better responsiveness), whereas those with a normal ICT required higher doses to attain a significant height gain to FH.

  • 4. Albertsson-Wikland, Kerstin
    et al.
    Kriström, Berit
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics. berit.kristrom@umu.se.
    Lundberg, Elena
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Aronson, A. Stefan
    Gustafsson, Jan
    Hagenäs, Lars
    Ivarsson, Sten-A.
    Jonsson, Bjorn
    Ritzen, Martin
    Tuvemo, Torsten
    Westgren, Ulf
    Westphal, Otto
    Åman, Jan
    Growth Hormone Dose-Dependent Pubertal Growth: A Randomized Trial in Short Children with Low Growth Hormone Secretion2014In: Hormone Research in Paediatrics, ISSN 1663-2818, E-ISSN 1663-2826, Vol. 82, no 3, p. 158-170Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background/Aims: Growth hormone (GH) treatment regimens do not account for the pubertal increase in endogenous GH secretion. This study assessed whether increasing the GH dose and/or frequency of administration improves pubertal height gain and adult height (AH) in children with low GH secretion during stimulation tests, i. e. idiopathic isolated GH deficiency. Methods: A multicenter, randomized, clinical trial (No. 88-177) followed 111 children (96 boys) at study start from onset of puberty to AH who had received GH(33) mu g/kg/day for >= 1 year. They were randomized to receive 67 mu g/kg/day (GH(67)) given as one (GH(67x1); n = 35) or two daily injections (GH(33x2); n = 36), or to remain on a single 33 mu g/kg/day dose (GH(33x1); n = 40). Growth was assessed as height SDS gain for prepubertal, pubertal and total periods, as well as AH SDS versus the population and the midparental height. Results: Pubertal height SDS gain was greater for patients receiving a high dose (GH(67), 0.73) than a low dose (GH(33x1), 0.41, p < 0.05). AH(SDS) was greater on GH(67) (GH(67x1), -0.84; GH(33x2), -0.83) than GH(33) (-1.25, p < 0.05), and height SDS gain was greater on GH(67) than GH(33) (2.04 and 1.56, respectively; p < 0.01). All groups reached their target height SDS. Conclusion: Pubertal height SDS gain and AH SDS were dose dependent, with greater growth being observed for the GH(67) than the GH(33) randomization group; however, there were no differences between the once-and twice-daily GH(67) regimens. (C) 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.

  • 5. Albertsson-Wikland, Kerstin
    et al.
    Martensson, Anton
    Savendahl, Lars
    Niklasson, Aimon
    Bang, Peter
    Dahlgren, Jovanna
    Gustafsson, Jan
    Kriström, Berit
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Norgren, Svante
    Pehrsson, Nils-Gunnar
    Oden, Anders
    Mortality Is Not Increased in Recombinant Human Growth Hormone-treated Patients When Adjusting for Birth Characteristics2016In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, ISSN 0021-972X, E-ISSN 1945-7197, Vol. 101, no 5, p. 2149-2159Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether reported high mortality in childhood recombinant human GH (rhGH)-treated patients was related to birth-characteristics and/or rhGH treatment.

    Design and Setting: We sought to develop a mortality model of the Swedish general population born between 1973 and 2010, using continuous-hazard functions adjusting for birth characteristics, sex, age intervals, and calendar year to estimate standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and to apply this model to assess expected deaths in Swedish rhGH-treated patients with idiopathic isolated GH deficiency (IGHD), idiopathic short stature (155) or born small for gestational age (SGA).

    Participants: The general population: Swedish Medical Birth Register (1973-2010: 1 880 668 males; 1 781 131 females) and Cause of Death Register (1985-2010).

    Intervention Population: Three thousand eight hundred forty-seven patients starting rhGH treatment between 1985 and 2010 and followed in the National GH Register and/or in rhGH trials diagnosed with IGHD (n = 1890), ISS (n = 975), or SGA (n=982).

    Main Outcome Measures: Death.

    Results: Using conventional models adjusting for age, sex, and calendar-year, the SMR was 1.43 (95% confidence interval, 0.89-2.19), P = .14, observed/expected deaths 21/14.68. The rhGH population differed (P < .001) from the general population regarding birth weight, birth length, and congenital malformations.

    Application of an Advanced Model: When applying the developed mortality model of the general population, the ratio of observed/expected deaths in rhGH-treated patients was 21/21.99; SMR = 0.955 (0.591-1.456)P = .95.

    Model Comparison: Expected number of deaths were 14.68 (14.35-14.96) using the conventional model, and 21.99 (21.24-22.81) using the advanced model, P < .001, which had at all ages a higher gradient of risk per SD of the model, 24% (range, 18-42%; P < .001).

    Conclusions: Compared with the general Swedish population, the ratio of observed/expected deaths (21/21.99) was not increased in childhood rhGH-treated IGHD, ISS, and SGA patients when applying an advanced sex-specific mortality model adjusting for birth characteristics.

  • 6. Albertsson-Wikland, Kerstin
    et al.
    Mårtensson, Anton
    Sävendahl, Lars
    Niklasson, Aimon
    Bang, Peter
    Dahlgren, Jovanna
    Gustafsson, Jan
    Kriström, Berit
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Norgren, Svante
    Pehrsson, Nils-Gunnar
    Oden, Anders
    Birth Characteristics Explain One Third of Expected Deaths in rhGH-treated Patients Diagnosed with IGHD, ISS & SGA2016In: Hormone Research in Paediatrics, ISSN 1663-2818, E-ISSN 1663-2826, Vol. 86, p. 49-49Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 7. Albrecht, E. C.
    et al.
    Kaelin, Vera C.
    Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
    Rigau, B. L.
    Dooling-Litfin, J. K.
    Scully, E. A.
    Murphy, N. J.
    McManus, B. M.
    Khetani, M. A.
    Pilot implementation of an electronic patient-reported outcome measure for planning and monitoring participation-focused care in early intervention2020In: BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, E-ISSN 1472-6947, Vol. 20, no 1, article id 199Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Family-centered care is a valued approach to improving child and family outcomes in early intervention (EI), yet there is need to implement interventions that support information exchange for shared decision-making when planning and monitoring EI care. This study aims at estimating the feasibility, acceptability, and value of implementing the Young Children’s Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM), a valid electronic patient-reported outcome (e-PRO) that is designed to support family engagement when planning care and monitoring outcomes of care.

    Methods: Data were gathered from caregivers (N = 139) that were enrolled in a Phase 1 trial of the YC-PEM e-PRO as implemented within 1 month of their child’s next EI evaluation of progress. YC-PEM e-PRO feasibility was estimated according to enrollment and completion rates, and mean completion time. Chi-square tests were used to examine parent perceptions of YC-PEM e-PRO acceptability by caregiver education and family income. Caregiver feedback via open-ended responses were content coded to inform intervention and protocol optimizations. YC-PEM e-PRO value was estimated via composite and item-level scores to capture the extent of participation difficulty in home and community activities, and common areas of need regarding caregivers desired change in their child’s participation.

    Results: Feasibility of implementing the YC-PEM e-PRO in routine EI care was mixed, as evidenced by low enrollment rates (21.0–29.2%), a high completion rate (85.3%), and limited missing data (80.6% of completed cases contained no missing data). More than half of the participants reported that the completion of the YC-PEM e-PRO was at least somewhat helpful, regardless of family income or caregiver education, providing support for its acceptability. As for its value, the YC-PEM e-PRO results were viewed by 64% of caregivers, whose desire for change most often pertained to the child’s participation in non-discretionary activities at home and structured activities in the community.

    Conclusions: Results may support the implementation of YC-PEM e-PRO as a feasible, acceptable, and valued option for engaging families in planning the child’s EI care. Results also inform select intervention and protocol optimizations prior to undertaking a multi-site pragmatic trial of its effectiveness on family engagement and shared decision-making within an EI clinical workflow.

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  • 8.
    Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Heart rate variability and pacemaker treatment in children with Fontan circulation2019Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Fontan surgery is performed in children with univentricular heart defects. Arrhythmias are frequent complications, occasionally requiring pacemaker treatment. Previous data regarding indications and risk factors for pacemaker treatment in Fontan patients is limited and conflicting. Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects autonomous nervous activity controlling the sinus node and has been associated with tachyarrhythmias in both adults and children, as well as in adults with sinus node dysfunction (SND).

    Aim: To study HRV, arrhythmia and pacemaker treatment  in children with Fontan circulation— with the purpose of contributing to the reduction of long term complications in this patient group.

    Methods: We have retrospectively reviewed pacemaker therapy in all Swedish patients who underwent Fontan surgery from 1982 to 2017 (n=599). We have also analysed HRV from 24-hour Holter ECG recordings in 112 children with Fontan circulation and in children with univentricular heart defects before bidirectional Glenn (BDG) procedure (n=47), before and on completion of Fontan surgery (n=47 and 45 respectively). Analysis was performed by power spectral analysis and Poincaré method, and results compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, HRV was analysed in Fontan patients who later required a pacemaker due to severe SND. Results were compared with Fontan patients who had SND, without indication for pacemaker treatment, with patients with Fontan circulation without SND and healthy controls. In addition we evaluated the possibility to analyse arrhythmias and HRV in 27 Fontan children using intermittent ECG recordings with a handheld devices at home during a 14-day period.

    Results: After a mean follow-up of 12 years, 13% (78/599) of patients with Fontan circulation had received a pacemaker. Patients operated with the extracardiac conduit (EC) had a significantly lower prevalence of pacemaker implantation (6%) than patients with a lateral tunnel (LT) (17%). The most common pacemaker indication in patients with Fontan circulation was SND (64%). Children with Fontan circulation showed significant reductions in several HRV parameters, compared with controls. No significant differences were found between patients operated with LT versus EC (paper I). After BDG the RR interval and SD2 (representing changes in heart rate over 24-hours) significantly increased compared to pre-BDG. Compared with healthy controls, patients post-BDG, had significantly longer RR intervals and reduced overall HRV. PHF (reflecting parasympathetic control of the heart) was significantly reduced after TCPC as compared to before (paper II). Fontan patients with SND showed significantly elevated SD2 (representing changes in heart rate over 24-hours), somewhat reduced in patients that later required a pacemaker (Paper V). Handheld ECG analysis revealed frequent ventricular extra systoles in one patient and episodes of supraventricular tachycardia in another. Seven Fontan patients showed reduced HRV recorded with the handheld device over a 14-day period (paper III).

    Conclusions: Overall HRV was reduced in patients with univentricular heart defects during the different surgical stages of Fontan surgery, compared to healthy controls. HRV was reduced in both patients with LT and EC with no significant difference between them. After BDG heart rate was significantly reduced as compared to before. PHF, reflecting the parasympathetic innervation of the heart was reduced after as compared to before TCPC. Pacemaker treatment is commonly needed in patients with Fontan circulation, and SND was the most prevalent indication for implantation. The prevalence of Fontan patients requiring pacemaker treatment was significantly lower in patients with EC. HRV analysis can contribute to management when following-up patients with Fontan circulation.

     

     

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  • 9.
    Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Karlsson, Marcus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics.
    Wiklund, Urban
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics.
    Hörnsten, Rolf
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Clinical Physiology.
    Strömvall-Larsson, Eva
    Division of Cardiology, Department of Paediatrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Berggren, Håkan
    Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Paediatrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Hanseus, Katarina
    Department of Paediatrics, Children’s Hospital, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
    Johansson, Sune
    Paediatric Cardiac Surgical Unit, Children’s Hospital, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
    Rydberg, Annika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Heart rate variability in children with fontan circulation: lateral tunnel and extracardiac conduit2012In: Pediatric Cardiology, ISSN 0172-0643, E-ISSN 1432-1971, Vol. 33, no 2, p. 307-315Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The technique in Fontan surgery has developed from the lateral tunnel (LT) toward the extracardiac conduit (EC) used to reduce long-term complications such as atrial arrhythmia and sinus node dysfunction. Heart rate variability (HRV) examines cardiac nervous activity controlling the sinus node. This study aimed to investigate HRV in a cohort of children with univentricular hearts, focusing on the relation between HRV and surgical procedure. For 112 children with Fontan circulation, HRV was analyzed using power spectral analysis. Spectral power was determined in three regions: very-low-frequency (VLF), low-frequency (LF), and high-frequency (HF) regions. Patients were compared with 66 healthy controls subject. Patients with LT were compared with patients who had EC. The children with Fontan circulation showed a significantly reduced HRV including total power (P < 0.0001), VLF (P < 0.0001), LF (P < 0.0001), and HF (P = 0.001) compared with the control subjects. The LT and EC patients did not differ significantly. Reduced HRV was found in both the LT and EC patients. In terms of HRV reduction, EC was not superior to LT.

  • 10.
    Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Sunnegårdh, Jan
    Department of Cardiology, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Hanséus, Katarina
    Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Children Heart Center, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Strömvall Larsson, Eva
    Department of Cardiology, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Nygren, Anders
    Department of Cardiology, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Dalén, Magnus
    Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Department of Cardiac Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Berggren, Håkan
    Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg , Sweden.
    Johansson Ramgren, Jens
    Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Children´s Heart Center, Skånes University Hospital Lund, Sweden.
    Wiklund, Urban
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics.
    Rydberg, Annika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Pacemaker treatment after Fontan surgery: a Swedish national study2019In: Congenital Heart Disease, ISSN 1747-079X, E-ISSN 1747-0803, Vol. 14, no 4, p. 582-589Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: Fontan surgery is performed in children with univentricular heart defects. Previous data regarding permanent pacemaker implantation frequency and indications in Fontan patients are limited and conflicting. We examined the prevalence of and risk factors for pacemaker treatment in a consecutive national cohort of patients after Fontan surgery in Sweden.

    Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all Swedish patients who underwent Fontan surgery from 1982 to 2017 (n = 599).

    Results: After a mean follow‐up of 12.2 years, 13% (78/599) of the patients with Fontan circulation had received pacemakers. Patients operated with the extracardiac conduit (EC) type of total cavopulmonary connection had a significantly lower prevalence of pacemaker implantation (6%) than patients with lateral tunnel (LT; 17%). Mortality did not differ between patients with (8%) and without pacemaker (5%). The most common pacemaker indication was sinus node dysfunction (SND) (64%). Pacemaker implantation due to SND was less common among patients with EC. Pacemaker implantation was significantly more common in patients with mitral atresia (MA; 44%), double outlet right ventricle (DORV; 24%) and double inlet left ventricle (DILV; 20%). In contrast, patients with pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum and hypoplastic left heart syndrome were significantly less likely to receive a pacemaker (3% and 6%, respectively).

    Conclusions: Thirteen percent of Fontan patients received a permanent pacemaker, most frequently due to SND. EC was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of pacemaker than LT. Permanent pacemaker was more common in patients with MA, DORV, and DILV.

  • 11.
    Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Wiklund, Urban
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics.
    Karlsson, Marcus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics.
    Hanséus, Katarina
    Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Children Heart Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Strömvall Larsson, Eva
    Department of Cardiology, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Johansson Ramgren, Jens
    Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Children´s Heart Center, Skånes University Hospital Lund, Sweden.
    Berggren, Håkan
    Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Children's Heart Center, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Rydberg, Annika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Changes in Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability During Surgical Stages to Completed Fontan Circulation2021In: Pediatric Cardiology, ISSN 0172-0643, E-ISSN 1432-1971, Vol. 42, no 5, p. 1162-1169Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Arrhythmia is related to heart rate variability (HRV), which reflects the autonomic nervous regulation of the heart. We hypothesized that autonomic nervous ganglia, located at the junction of the superior vena cava’s entrance to the heart, may be affected during the bidirectional Glenn procedure (BDG), resulting in reduced HRV. We aimed to investigate changes in heart rate and HRV in a cohort of children with univentricular heart defects, undergoing stepwise surgery towards total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC), and compare these results with healthy controls. Twenty four hours Holter-ECG recordings were obtained before BDG (n = 47), after BDG (n = 47), and after total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC) (n = 45) in patients and in 38 healthy controls. HRV was analyzed by spectral and Poincaré methods. Age-related z scores were calculated and compared using linear mixed effects modeling. Total HRV was significantly lower in patients before BDG when compared to healthy controls. The mean heart rate was significantly reduced in patients after BDG compared to before BDG. Compared to healthy controls, patients operated with BDG had significantly reduced heart rate and reduced total HRV. Patients with TCPC showed reduced heart rate and HRV compared with healthy controls. In patients after TCPC, total HRV was decreased compared to before TCPC. Heart rate was reduced after BDG procedure, and further reductions of HRV were seen post-TCPC. Our results indicate that autonomic regulation of cardiac rhythm is affected both after BDG and again after TCPC. This may be reflected as, and contribute to, postoperative arrhythmic events.

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  • 12.
    Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Wiklund, Urban
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences.
    Karlsson, Marcus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences.
    Hanséus, Katarina
    Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Children Heart Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Strömvall Larsson, Eva
    Department of Cardiology, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Nygren, Anders
    Department of Cardiology, The Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Eliasson, Håkan
    Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Rydberg, Annika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Sinus node dysfunction in patients with Fontan circulation: could heart rate variability be a predictor for pacemaker implantation?Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 13.
    Alenius Dahlqvist, Jenny
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Wiklund, Urban
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics.
    Karlsson, Marcus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics.
    Hanséus, Katarina
    Strömvall-Larsson, Eva
    Nygren, Anders
    Eliasson, Håkan
    Rydberg, Annika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Sinus node dysfunction in patients with Fontan circulation: could heart rate variability be a predictor for pacemaker implantation?2019In: Pediatric Cardiology, ISSN 0172-0643, E-ISSN 1432-1971, Vol. 40, no 4, p. 685-693Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Sinus node dysfunction (SND) causes significant morbidity in patients after Fontan surgery. Heart rate variability (HRV) reflects the autonomic regulation of the heart, and changes in HRV have been associated with SND in adults. We aimed to study whether changes in HRV could be detected in 24-h electrocardiographic (ECG) recordings in Fontan patients with SND. We compared HRV results from two patient groups; patients with Fontan circulation who later required a pacemaker due to severe SND (n = 12) and patients with Fontan circulation and SND, without indication for pacemaker treatment (n = 11), with two control groups; patients with Fontan circulation without SND (n = 90) and healthy controls (n = 66). The Poincare plot index SD2 (representing changes in heart rate over 24-h) and the very low-frequency (VLF) HRV component were significantly higher in both SND groups, both compared with healthy controls and patients with Fontan circulation without SND. In SND patients with pacemakers, SD2 and VLF were slightly reduced compared to SND patients without pacemaker (p = 0.06). In conclusion, in Fontan patients with SND the HRV is significantly higher compared to healthy controls and Fontan patients without SND. However, in patients with severe SND requiring pacemaker, SD2 and VLF tended to be lower than in patients with SND without pacemaker, which could indicate a reduced diurnal HRV in addition to the severe bradycardia. This is a small study, but our results indicate that HRV analysis might be a useful method in the follow-up of Fontan patients regarding development of SND.

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  • 14. Alken, Jenny
    et al.
    Håkansson, Stellan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Ekeus, Cecilia
    Gustafson, Pelle
    Norman, Mikael
    Rates of Extreme Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia and Kernicterus in Children and Adherence to National Guidelines for Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment in Sweden2019In: JAMA Network Open, E-ISSN 2574-3805, Vol. 2, no 3, article id e190858Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    IMPORTANCE Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia can cause lifelong neurodevelopmental impairment (kernicterus) even in high-resource settings. A better understanding of the incidence and processes leading to kernicterus may help in the design of preventive measures. OBJECTIVES To determine incidence rates of hazardous hyperbilirubinemia and kernicterus among near-term to term newborns and to evaluate health care professional adherence to best practices. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This population-based nationwide cohort study used prospectively collected data on the highest serum bilirubin level for all infants born alive at 35 weeks' gestation or longer and admitted to neonatal care at all 46 delivery and 37 neonatal units in Sweden from 2008 to 2016. Medical records for newborns with hazardous hyperbilirubinemia were evaluated for best neonatal practices and for a diagnosis of kernicterus up to 2 years of age. Data analyses were performed between September 2017 and February 2018. EXPOSURES Extreme (serum bilirubin levels, 25.0-29.9mg/dL [425-509 mu mol/L]) and hazardous (serum bilirubin levels, >30.0mg/dL [>510 mu mol/L]) neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The primary outcome was kernicterus, defined as hazardous neonatal hyperbilirubinemia followed by cerebral palsy, sensorineural hearing loss, gaze paralysis, or neurodevelopmental retardation. Secondary outcomeswere health care professional adherence to national guidelines using a predefined protocol with 10 key performance indicators for diagnosis and treatment as well as assessment of whether bilirubin-associated brain damage might have been avoidable. RESULTS Among 992 378 live-born infants (958 051 term births and 34 327 near-term births), 494 (320 boys; mean [SD] birth weight, 3505 [527] g) developed extreme hyperbilirubinemia (50 per 100 000 infants), 6.8 per 100 000 infants developed hazardous hyperbilirubinemia, and 1.3 per 100 000 infants developed kernicterus. Among 13 children developing kernicterus, brain injury was assessed as potentially avoidable for 11 children based on the presence of 1 or several of the following possible causes: untimely or lack of predischarge bilirubin screening (n = 6), misinterpretation of bilirubin values (n = 2), untimely or delayed initiation of treatment with intensive phototherapy (n = 1), untimely or no treatment with exchange transfusion (n = 6), or lack of repeated exchange transfusions despite indication (n = 1). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Hazardous hyperbilirubinemia in near-term or term newborns still occurs in Sweden and was associated with disabling brain damage in 13 per million births. For most of these cases, health care professional noncompliance with best practices was identified, suggesting that a substantial proportion of these cases might have been avoided.

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  • 15. Allansson Kjölhede, Elin
    et al.
    Gustafsson, Per E.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine.
    Gustafsson, P. A.
    Nelson, N.
    Overweight and obese children have lower cortisol levels than normal weight children2014In: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227, Vol. 103, no 3, p. 295-299Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIM: The stress hormone cortisol is vital to survival, and a disturbed circadian rhythm can be deleterious to health. However, little is known about cortisol levels in healthy children. The aim of this study was to examine cortisol levels in relation to body mass index (BMI), age and sex. METHODS: Salivary samples were collected in early morning, late morning and evening, on four consecutive days, from 342 children aged 6-12years using Salivette((R)) tubes. Samples were analysed using a commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA). School nurses measured the children's height and weight, and these measurements were used to calculate their BMI. RESULTS: The children displayed a circadian rhythm in cortisol secretion, with morning zeniths and evening nadirs. Average cortisol levels in early morning, late morning and evening were significantly lower in overweight and obese children than in their normal weight counterparts. Cortisol levels did not vary significantly with age or sex. CONCLUSION: Our findings may suggest cortisol suppression in overweight and obese children. We found no evidence that sex or age influences cortisol levels. These findings highlight the need for further research on the relationship between stress and obesity in children.

  • 16.
    Alm, Stina
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Determinants of elevated serum ferritin in VLBW infants and implications for longitudinal growth2018Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 17.
    Alm, Stina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Stoltz Sjöström, Elisabeth
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science.
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Prevalence and risk factors for post discharge feeding problems in children born extremely preterm2023In: Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition - JPGN, ISSN 0277-2116, E-ISSN 1536-4801, Vol. 76, no 4, p. 498-504Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives: Preterm infants have a high risk of post discharge feeding problems, but there is a lack of population-based studies in infants born extremely preterm and little is known about underlying mechanisms.The objectives were to assess the incidence of post discharge feeding problems and underweight in a population-based cohort of infants born extremely preterm in Sweden (EXPRESS) and identify perinatal risk factors.

    Methods: Perinatal health data and prenatal/postnatal growth data was prospectively collected in the cohort. Data on clinical diagnoses related to feeding problems were obtained from the Swedish Patient Register, population prevalence data was also obtained. The main outcome was a composite of post discharge feeding problem diagnosis and/or underweight at 2.5 years of age.

    Results: In total, 66 children (19%) had post discharge feeding problems diagnosed before 2 years and/or underweight at 2.5 years of age. The risk of feeding problems when compared to the general population was significantly higher, with an odds ratio (OR) of 193 (95% CI 137.6-270.9). The strongest risk factors for feeding problems were the number of days on mechanical ventilation during the first eight postnatal weeks, OR of 1.59 (CI 95% 1.29-1.98), and the Clinical Risk Index for Babies-score, OR of 1.14 (CI 95% 1.03-1.26).

    Conclusions: Post discharge feeding problems and underweight are common in children born extremely preterm. The strongest perinatal risk factor for later feeding problems was early treatment with mechanical ventilation. Identifying infants at risk of post discharge feeding problems might be useful for targeting of nutritional support.

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  • 18.
    Alm, Stina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Stoltz Sjöström, Elisabeth
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Nilsson Sommar, Johan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health.
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Erythrocyte transfusions increased the risk of elevated serum ferritin in very low birth weight infants and were associated with altered longitudinal growth2020In: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227, Vol. 109, no 7, p. 1354-1360Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: There has been a lack of population‐based longitudinal data on serum ferritin in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants during hospitalisation. Our aim was to fill this gap in the knowledge and investigate risk factors for elevated serum ferritin and associations between erythrocyte transfusions and longitudinal growth.

    Methods: We retrospectively reviewed longitudinal data on 126 VLBW infants treated at Umeå University Hospital, Sweden, between 2010‐2013.

    Results: The infants’ mean gestational age and birth weight were 26.9 weeks and 899 grams. Most (91%) received erythrocyte transfusions and the majority had multiple erythrocyte transfusions. There was a significant correlation between serum ferritin and the volume of transfusions. Almost two‐thirds had at least one serum ferritin measurement of more than 350 µg/L, indicating iron overload. In those with complete anthropometric data (n=78) there was no significant effect of serum ferritin concentrations in relation to longitudinal growth, but there was a positive association between the erythrocyte transfusion dose and longitudinal growth in VLBW infants born before 25 weeks.

    Conclusion: This is the first population‐based study to investigate longitudinal data on serum ferritin in VLBW infants during hospitalisation. The unexpected positive finding in the subgroup born at less than 25 weeks needs further research with a larger cohort.

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  • 19. Almon, Ricardo
    et al.
    Nilsson, Torbjörn K
    Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro, Sweden.
    Sjöström, Michael
    Engfeldt, Peter
    Lactase persistence and milk consumption are associated with body height in Swedish preadolescents and adolescents2011In: Food & Nutrition Research, ISSN 1654-6628, E-ISSN 1654-661X, Vol. 55Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Body height is a classic polygenic trait. About 80%-90% of height is inherited and 10%-20% owed to environmental factors, of which the most important ones are nutrition and diseases in preadolescents and adolescents.

    OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore potential relations between the LCT (lactase) C>T-13910 polymorphism, milk consumption, and body height in a sample of Swedish preadolescents and adolescents.

    DESIGN: In a cross-sectional study, using a random sample of preadolescents and adolescents (n = 597), dietary intakes were determined. Anthropometric measurements including sexual maturity (Tanner stage) and birth weight were assessed. Parental body height and socio-economic status (SES) were obtained by questionnaires. Genotyping for the LCT C>T-13910 polymorphism that renders individuals lactase persistent (LP) or lactase non-persistent (LNP) was performed by DNA sequencing. Stepwise backward multivariate linear regression was used.

    RESULTS: Milk consumption was significantly and positively associated with body height (β = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.040, 0.87, p = 0.032). Adjustments were performed for sex, parental height, birth weight, body mass index (BMI), SES, and Tanner stage. This model explains 90% of the observed variance of body height (adjusted R(2) = 0.89). The presence of the -13910 T allele was positively associated with body height (β = 2.05; 95% CI: 0.18, 3.92, p = 0.032).

    CONCLUSIONS: Milk consumption is positively associated with body height in preadolescents and adolescents. We show for the first time that a nutrigenetic variant might be able to explain in part phenotypic variation of body height in preadolescents and adolescents. Due to the small sample size further studies are needed.

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  • 20. Ambrosi, Aurélie
    et al.
    Salomonsson, Stina
    Eliasson, Håkan
    Zeffer, Elisabeth
    Skog, Amanda
    Dzikaite, Vijole
    Bergman, Gunnar
    Fernlund, Eva
    Tingström, Joanna
    Theander, Elke
    Rydberg, Annika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Skogh, Thomas
    Öhman, Annika
    Lundström, Ulla
    Mellander, Mats
    Winqvist, Ola
    Fored, Michael
    Ekbom, Anders
    Alfredsson, Lars
    Källberg, Henrik
    Olsson, Tomas
    Gadler, Fredrik
    Jonzon, Anders
    Kockum, Ingrid
    Sonesson, Sven-Erik
    Wahren-Herlenius, Marie
    Development of heart block in children of SSA/SSB-autoantibody-positive women is associated with maternal age and displays a season-of-birth pattern2012In: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, ISSN 0003-4967, E-ISSN 1468-2060, Vol. 71, no 3, p. 334-340Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: Congenital heart block may develop in the fetuses of Ro/SSA-positive and La/SSB-positive mothers. Recurrence rates of only 10-20% despite persisting maternal antibodies indicate that additional factors are critical for the establishment of heart block. The authors investigated the influence of other maternal and fetal factors on heart block development in a Swedish population-based cohort.

    METHODS: The influence of fetal gender, maternal age, parity and time of birth on heart block development was analysed in 145 families, including Ro/La-positive (n=190) and Ro/La-negative (n=165) pregnancies.

    RESULTS: There was a recurrence rate of 12.1% in Ro/La-positive women, and no recurrence in Ro/La-negative women. Fetal gender and parity did not influence the development of heart block in either group. Maternal age in Ro/La-positive pregnancies with a child affected by heart block was, however, significantly higher than in pregnancies resulting in babies without heart block (p<0.05).Seasonal timing of pregnancy influenced the outcome. Gestational susceptibility weeks 18-24 occurring during January-March correlated with a higher proportion of children with heart block and lower vitamin D levels during the same period in a representative sample of Swedish women and a corresponding higher proportion of children with heart block born in the summer (p<0.02). Maternal age or seasonal timing of pregnancy did not affect the outcome in Ro/La-negative pregnancies.

    CONCLUSION: This study identifies maternal age and seasonal timing of pregnancy as novel risk factors for heart block development in children of Ro/La-positive women. These observations may be useful for counselling when pregnancy is considered.

  • 21.
    Amin, Leila
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery.
    Skoglund, Charlotte
    Wester, Tomas
    Löf Granström, Anna
    Swedish national population-based study shows an increased risk of depression among patients with Hirschsprung disease2019In: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227, Vol. 108, no 10, p. 1867-1870Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: Hirschsprung disease is usually treated during infancy. The long-term impact on mental health has not been well studied. The aim of this study was to assess the risk for depressive disorders in individuals with Hirschsprung disease.

    Methods: This was a nationwide, population-based cohort study. The study exposure was Hirschsprung disease and the study outcome was depression. The exposed cohort included all individuals with Hirschsprung disease, registered in the Swedish National Patient Register between 1964 and 2013 and the unexposed cohort included ten age- and sex-matched controls per patient. The diagnosis of depression was confirmed by diagnosis in the Swedish National Patient Register.

    Results: The cohort included 739 (76.5% males) individuals with Hirschsprung disease and 7390 (76.5% males) controls. Among the patients with Hirschsprung disease, 35 (4.7%) of the patients had had a depressive disorder and 187 (2.5%) of controls, hazard ratio 1.98, 95% confidence interval 1.38-2.84. The mean age at diagnosis of first depression was 21.9 years (SD +/- 7) in Hirschsprung disease patients and 23.4 years (SD +/- 7), p = 0.236 in the unexposed group. There were no significant gender differences.

    Conclusion: We found an increased risk of having depressive disorders among individuals with Hirschsprung disease compared to controls.

  • 22.
    Andermo, Susanne
    et al.
    Community Nutrition and Physical Activity, Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet.
    Hallgren, Mats
    Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance Use and Social Environment, Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet.
    Nguyen, Thi-Thuy-Dung
    Epidemiology of Psychiatric Conditions, Substance Use and Social Environment, Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet.
    Jonsson, Sofie
    Unit for Intervention and Implementation Research, Department of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet.
    Petersen, Solveig
    Department of Living Conditions and Lifestyle, The Public Health Agency of Sweden,.
    Friberg, Marita
    Department of Living Conditions and Lifestyle, The Public Health Agency of Sweden.
    Romqvist, Anja
    Department of Living Conditions and Lifestyle, The Public Health Agency of Sweden.
    Stubbs, Brendon
    Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK..
    Elinder, Liselotte Schäfer
    Community Nutrition and Physical Activity, Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet.
    School-related physical activity interventions and mental health among children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.2020In: Sports medicine - open, ISSN 2199-1170, Vol. 6, no 1, article id 25Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Low levels of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and mental health problems are issues that have received considerable attention in the last decade. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate effects of interventions targeting school-related physical activity or sedentary behaviour on mental health in children and adolescents and to identify the features of effective interventions.

    METHODS: Scientific articles published between January 2009 and October 2019 fulfilling the following criteria were included: general populations of children and adolescents between age 4 and 19, all types of school-related efforts to promote physical activity or reduce sedentary behaviour. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were done by at least two authors independently of each other. Data were analysed with a random effects meta-analysis and by narrative moderator analyses.

    RESULTS: The literature search resulted in 10265 unique articles. Thirty-one articles, describing 30 interventions, were finally included. Eleven relevant outcomes were identified: health-related quality of life, well-being, self-esteem and self-worth, resilience, positive effect, positive mental health, anxiety, depression, emotional problems, negative effect and internalising mental health problems. There was a significant beneficial effect of school-related physical activity interventions on resilience (Hedges' g = 0.748, 95% CI = 0.326; 1.170, p = 0.001), positive mental health (Hedges' g = 0.405, 95% CI = 0.208; 0.603, p = < 0.001), well-being (Hedges' g = 0.877, 95% CI = 0.356; 1.398, p = < 0.001) and anxiety (Hedges' g = 0.347, 95% CI = 0.072; 0.623, p = 0.013). Heterogeneity was moderate to high (I2 = 59-98%) between studies for all outcomes except positive effect, where heterogeneity was low (I2 = 2%). The narrative moderator analyses of outcomes based on 10 or more studies showed that age of the children moderated the effect of the intervention on internalising mental health problems. Interventions in younger children showed a significantly negative or no effect on internalising mental health problems while those in older children showed a significant positive or no effect. Moreover, studies with a high implementation reach showed a significant negative or no effect while those with a low level of implementation showed no or a positive effect. No signs of effect moderation were found for self-esteem, well-being or positive mental health. Risk of publication bias was evident for several outcomes, but adjustment did not change the results.

    CONCLUSIONS: School-related physical activity interventions may reduce anxiety, increase resilience, improve well-being and increase positive mental health in children and adolescents. Considering the positive effects of physical activity on health in general, these findings may reinforce school-based initiatives to increase physical activity. However, the studies show considerable heterogeneity. The results should therefore be interpreted with caution. Future studies should report on implementation factors and more clearly describe the activities of the control group and whether the activity is added to or replacing ordinary physical education lessons in order to aid interpretation of results.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO, CRD42018086757.

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  • 23.
    Andersson, B
    et al.
    Department of Pediatrics, Göteborg Pediatric Growth Research Center, The Institute of Clinical Sciences.
    Carlsson, L M S
    Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Carlsson, B
    Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Albertsson-Wikland, K
    Department of Pediatrics, Göteborg Pediatric Growth Research Center, The Institute of Clinical Sciences.
    Bjarnason, R
    Department of Pediatrics, Göteborg Pediatric Growth Research Center, The Institute of Clinical Sciences.
    Decrease in adiponectin levels correlates to growth response in growth hormone-treated children2009In: Hormone Research, ISSN 0301-0163, E-ISSN 1423-0046, Vol. 71, no 4, p. 213-218Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND/AIMS: Adiponectin is secreted by adipose tissue and circulates in human plasma at high levels. Decreased adiponectin levels are associated with insulin resistance and obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate whether changes in serum adiponectin levels are related to the growth response, insulin levels and insulin resistance during growth hormone (GH) treatment. METHODS: The study included 94 short prepubertal children (19 girls and 75 boys). The mean age at the start of daily GH injections was 9.04 +/- 2.38 years. Adiponectin levels in serum were measured using an ELISA. RESULTS: At baseline, adiponectin correlated with the first-year growth response (r = 0.26, p = 0.012). Adiponectin decreased significantly after 1 week, 3 months and 1 year from 14.5 +/- 5.71 to 13.1 +/- 5.22 (p < 0.0001), 10.3 +/- 4.82 (p < 0.0001) and 12.5 +/- 5.34 microg/ml (p < 0.0001), respectively. There were significant correlations between the first-year growth response and the decrease in adiponectin levels after 3 months and 1 year (r = -0.38, p < 0.0001 and r = -0.47, p < 0.0001, respectively). No correlations between adiponectin, insulin and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance were seen. CONCLUSIONS: GH treatment in prepubertal children decreases serum adiponectin levels, and the decrease is correlated to the growth response. No correlations between adiponectin and insulin levels or insulin resistance were found.

  • 24.
    Andersson, Björn
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Swolin-Eide, Diana
    Göteborg Pediatric Growth Research Center (GP-GRC), Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Magnusson, Per
    Department of Clinical Chemistry and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Albertsson-Wikland, Kerstin
    Department of Physiology/Division of Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Vitamin D status in children over three decades - Do children get enough vitamin D?2016In: Bone Reports, ISSN 2352-1872, Vol. 5, p. 150-152Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Vitamin D is a key player in the endocrine regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism and plays a pivotal role in the acquisition of bone mass during childhood. This study investigated long-term data of vitamin D levels in children and adolescents between 1 and 18 years of age. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was analyzed between 1982 and 2013 in 2048 Swedish Caucasian children (mean age ± SD, 8.59 ± 3.68 years; 1197 boys). Overall, 704 (34%) children had below recommended levels of 50 nmol/L; however, only 63 (3%) had levels below 25 nmol/L, i.e., vitamin D deficiency. No trend for decreased vitamin D levels over time was found in this population, with median 25(OH)D levels of 58.4 nmol/L, minimum-maximum 5.0-159.3 nmol/L. Younger children, independent of gender, had significantly higher levels 25(OH)D.

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  • 25.
    Andersson, Gerd
    et al.
    Habiliteringscentrum, Region Västerbotten.
    Renström, Barbro
    Habiliteringscentrum, Region Västerbotten.
    Blaszczyk, Izabela
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Hand Surgery.
    Domellöf, Erik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Hand Surgery. Habiliteringscentrum, Region Västerbotten.
    Upper-extremity Spasticity-reducing Treatment in Adjunct to Movement Training and Orthoses in Children with Cerebral Palsy at Gross Motor Function- and Manual Ability Classification System Levels IV-V: A Descriptive Study2020In: Developmental Neurorehabilitation, ISSN 1751-8423, E-ISSN 1751-8431, Vol. 23, no 6, p. 349-358Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Covering a 20-year period of work with children with severe cerebral palsy (CP) within a Swedish habilitation service, changes in passive wrist extension with fingers extended (PWE-FE) and current hand function are described and compared between children receiving systematic upper-extremity treatment with botulinum neurotoxin type A and intervention programs from before 7 years of age (Group 1, n = 7), those whom for various reasons did not undergo this treatment (Group 2, n = 10), and those not having the option to receive treatment until later during childhood/adolescence (Group 3, n = 8). Group 3 showed more critical and less normal PWE-FE values for both wrists, and poorer hand function scores, particularly compared with Group 1. Findings cautiously suggest that repeated upper-extremity spasticity-reducing treatment and movement training/orthoses from an early age may help prevent critical loss of passive range of motion of the wrist joint flexion/extension and promote hand function development in children with severe CP.

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  • 26.
    Andersson, Jacob
    et al.
    Forensic Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Wikström, Johan
    Neuroradiology, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Högberg, Ulf
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Global Health. Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Wester, Knut
    Department of Clinical Medicine K1, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
    Thiblin, Ingemar
    Forensic Medicine, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    External Hydrocephalus as a Cause of Infant Subdural Hematoma: Epidemiological and Radiological Investigations of Infants Suspected of Being Abused2022In: Pediatric Neurology, ISSN 0887-8994, E-ISSN 1873-5150, Vol. 126, p. 26-34Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) and chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) in infants have been regarded as highly specific for abuse. Other causes of CSDH have not been investigated in a large population.

    Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate to what extent external hydrocephalus is present in infants with ASDH and CSDH undergoing evaluation for abuse.

    Material and methods: Eighty-five infants suspected of being abused, with ASDH (n = 16) or CSDH (n = 69), were reviewed regarding age, risk factor profiles, craniocortical width (CCW), sinocortical width (SCW), frontal interhemispheric width (IHW), subarachnoid space width (SSW), and head circumference (HC). In infants with unilateral subdural hematoma (SDH), correlations between contralateral SSW and ipsilateral CCW and SDH width were investigated.

    Results: Infants with CSDH had significantly lower mortality, were more often premature and male, and had significantly higher CCW, SCW, IHW, and SSW than infants with ASDH (P < 0.05). Ipsilateral CCW (R = 0.92, P < 0.001) and SDH width (R = 0.81, P < 0.01) correlated with contralateral SSW. Increased HC was more prevalent in infants with CSDH (71%) than in infants with ASDH (14%) (P < 0.01). Forty-two infants, all with CSDH, had at least one of CCW, SCW, or IHW ≥95th percentile. Twenty infants, all with CSDH, had CCW, SCW, and IHW >5 mm, in addition to increased HC.

    Conclusion: A substantial proportion of infants with CSDH who had been suspected of being abused had findings suggesting external hydrocephalus.

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  • 27.
    Andersson, Martin
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Bjerg, Anders
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Pulmonary Medicine.
    Forsberg, Bertil
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Lundbäck, Bo
    Rönmark, Eva
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    The clinical expression of asthma in schoolchildren has changed between 1996 and 20062010In: Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, ISSN 0905-6157, E-ISSN 1399-3038, Vol. 21, no 5, p. 859-866Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Several studies have reported diverging trends in the prevalence of asthma and wheeze. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical expression of childhood asthma in 1996 and 2006 by studying asthma morbidity, treatment, and environmental exposures in school children with physician-diagnosed asthma and wheeze, respectively. All children enrolled in first or second grade (7-8 yr-old) in three municipalities in northern Sweden were invited to a questionnaire study in 1996 and 2006, respectively. In 1996, 3430 (97%) participated; and in 2006, 2585 (96%) participated. The same parental completed questionnaire, including the ISAAC questions, was used in both surveys. Physician-diagnosed asthma was reported at 5.7% in 1996 and 7.4% in 2006. A significantly greater proportion of children with asthma were using inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in 2006, 67% vs. 55% in 1996. This increase was parallel to a major decrease in severe asthma symptoms such as disturbed sleep because of wheeze (49% vs. 38%) and troublesome asthma (21% vs. 11%). The prevalence of current wheeze among the asthmatics decreased significantly; however, this was seen only among children not using ICS. Parental smoking decreased significantly as did the proportion living in damp buildings. In conclusion, although asthma remains a major public health issue in school age children, children with asthma had less respiratory symptoms and a better asthma control in 2006 compared to 1996. This parallels with an increase in treatment with ICS, more beneficial environmental conditions, and an increased diagnostic intensity resulting in a larger proportion of children with mild symptoms being diagnosed as having asthma.

  • 28.
    Andersson, Martin
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. The OLIN Studies, Luleå.
    Hedman, Linnea
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. The OLIN Studies, Luleå.
    Bjerg, Anders
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Pulmonary Medicine. The OLIN Studies, Luleå ; Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, Göteborgs universitet.
    Forsberg, Bertil
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Lundbäck, Bo
    The OLIN Studies, Luleå ; Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, Göteborgs universitet.
    Rönmark, Eva
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. The OLIN Studies, Luleå.
    Remission and Persistence of Asthma Followed From 7 to 19 Years of Age2013In: Pediatrics, ISSN 0031-4005, E-ISSN 1098-4275, Vol. 132, no 2, p. E435-E442Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To date, a limited number of population-based studies have prospectively evaluated the remission of childhood asthma. This work was intended to study the remission and persistence of childhood asthma and related factors. METHODS: In 1996, a questionnaire was distributed to the parents of all children aged 7 to 8 years in 3 municipalities in northern Sweden, and 3430 (97%) participated. After a validation study, 248 children were identified as having asthma; these children were reassessed annually until age 19 years when 205 (83%) remained. During the follow-up period lung function, bronchial challenge testing, and skin prick tests were performed. Remission was defined as no use of asthma medication and no wheeze during the past 12 months as reported at endpoint and in the 2 annual surveys preceding endpoint (ie, for >= 3 years). RESULTS: At age 19 years, 21% were in remission, 38% had periodic asthma, and 41% persistent asthma. Remission was more common among boys. Sensitization to furred animals and a more severe asthma (asthma score >= 2) at age 7 to 8 years were both inversely associated with remission, odds ratio 0.14 (95% confidence interval 0.04-0.55) and 0.19 (0.07-0.54), respectively. Among children with these 2 characteristics, 82% had persistent asthma during adolescence. Asthma heredity, damp housing, rural living, and smoking were not associated with remission. CONCLUSIONS: The probability of remission of childhood asthma from age 7- to 8-years to age 19 years was largely determined by sensitization status, particularly sensitization to animals, asthma severity, and female gender, factors all inversely related to remission.

  • 29.
    Andersson, Matilda
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Påverkar D-vitamintillskott beteende hos barn?2020Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 30. Andersson, Ola
    et al.
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Andersson, Dan
    Hellstrom-Westas, Lena
    Effect of Delayed vs Early Umbilical Cord Clamping on Iron Status and Neurodevelopment at Age 12 Months A Randomized Clinical Trial2014In: JAMA Pediatrics, ISSN 2168-6203, Vol. 168, no 6, p. 547-554Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    IMPORTANCE Prevention of iron deficiency in infancy may promote neurodevelopment. Delayed cord clamping (DCC) can prevent iron deficiency during the first 6 months of life. However, no data are available on long-term effects on infant outcomes in relation to time for umbilical cord clamping. OBJECTIVE To investigate effects of DCC, as compared with early cord clamping (ECC), on infant iron status and neurodevelopment at age 12 months in a European setting. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Randomized clinical trial of 382 full-term infants born after a low-risk pregnancy at a Swedish county hospital. Follow-up at 12 months included evaluation of iron status (ferritin level, transferrin saturation, transferrin receptor level, reticulocyte hemoglobin level, and mean cell volume) and parental assessment of neurodevelopment by the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, second edition (ASQ). INTERVENTIONS Infants were randomized to DCC (>= 180 seconds after delivery) or ECC (<= 10 seconds after delivery). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The main outcome was iron status at age 12 months; the secondary outcome was ASQ score. RESULTS In total, 347 of 382 infants (90.8%) were assessed. The DCC and ECC groups did not differ in iron status (mean ferritin level, 35.4 vs 33.6 ng/mL, respectively; P =.40) or neurodevelopment (mean ASQ total score, 229.6 vs 233.1, respectively; P =.42) at age 12 months. Predictors of ferritin levels were infant sex and ferritin in umbilical cord blood. Predictors of ASQ score were infant sex and breastfeeding within 1 hour after birth. For both outcomes, being a boy was associated with lower results. Interaction analysis showed that DCC was associated with an ASQ score 5 points higher among boys (mean [SD] score, 229 [43] for DCC vs 224 [39] for ECC) but 12 points lower among girls (mean [SD] score, 230 [39] for DCC vs 242 [36] for ECC), out of a maximum of 300 points (P =.04 for the interaction term). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Delayed cord clamping did not affect iron status or neurodevelopment at age 12 months in a selected population of healthy term-born infants. However, it may not be possible to demonstrate minor effects on neurodevelopment with the size of the study population and the chosen method for assessment. The current data indicate that sex may influence the effects on infant development after DCC in different directions. The magnitude and biological reason for this finding remain to be investigated.

  • 31. Andersson, Ola
    et al.
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Andersson, Dan
    Hellström-Westas, Lena
    Effects of delayed cord clamping on neurodevelopment and infection at four months of age: a randomised trial2013In: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227, Vol. 102, no 5, p. 525-531Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim To investigate the effect that delayed and early umbilical cord clamping have on neurodevelopment, immunoglobulin G (IgG) and symptoms of infection during the first 4months of life.

    Methods Full-term infants (n=382) were randomised to delayed (180sec) or early cord clamping (10sec). The Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ) was used to assess neurodevelopment at 4months. Immunoglobulin G was measured at birth, 23days and 4months. Parents recorded any symptoms indicating infection during the first 4months of life.

    Results The total scores from the ASQ did not differ between groups. However, the delayed cord clamping (DCC) group had a higher mean (SD) score in the problem-solving domain [55.3 (7.2) vs. 53.5 (8.2), p=0.03] at 4months and a lower mean (SD) score in the personal-social domain [49.5 (9.3) vs. 51.8 (8.1), p=0.01]. The IgG level was higher in the DCC group at 23days (11.7 vs. 11.0g/L, p=0.004), but did not differ between the groups at 4months. Symptoms of infection were comparable between the groups.

    Conclusion Delayed cord clamping did not affect overall neurodevelopment or symptoms of infection up to 4months of age, but may have an impact on specific neurodevelopmental domains.

  • 32. Andersson, Ola
    et al.
    Hellstrom-Westas, Lena
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Elective caesarean: does delay in cord clamping for 30 s ensure sufficient iron stores at 4 months of age? A historical cohort control study2016In: BMJ Open, E-ISSN 2044-6055, Vol. 6, no 11, article id e012995Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To compare iron stores in infants born after elective caesarean section (CS) and a 30 s delay of umbilical cord clamping with those born vaginally after early (<= 10 s) or delayed (>= 180 s) cord clamping. Design: Prospective observational study with historical control. Setting: Swedish county hospital. Population: 64 infants born after elective CS were compared with a historical control of 166 early clamped and 168 delayed clamped after vaginal birth. Methods: Blood and iron status were measured in blood samples collected at birth, 48-96 hours after birth, 4 and 12 months of age. Primary and secondary outcome measures: Ferritin at 4 months of age was the primary outcome, second outcome measures were other indicators of iron status, and haemoglobin, at 4 and 12 months of age, as well as respiratory distress at 1 and 6 hours after birth. Results: At 4 months infants born by elective CS had better iron status than those born vaginally subjected to early cord clamping, shown by higher adjusted mean difference of ferritin concentration (39 mu g/L (95% CI 10 to 60)) and mean cell volume (1.8 fL (95% CI 0.6 to 3.0)); and lower levels of transferrin receptors (-0.39 mg/L (95% CI -0.69 to -0.08)). No differences were seen between infants born after elective CS and delayed clamped vaginally born infants at 4 months. No differences were found between groups at 12 months of age. Conclusions: Waiting to clamp the umbilical cord for 30 s after elective CS results in higher iron stores at 4 months of age compared with early cord clamping after vaginal birth, and seems to ensure iron status comparable with those achieved after 180 s delayed cord clamping after vaginal birth.

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  • 33. Andersson, Ola
    et al.
    Hellström-Westas, Lena
    Andersson, Dan
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Effect of delayed versus early umbilical cord clamping on neonatal outcomes and iron status at 4 months: a randomised controlled trial2011In: BMJ. British Medical Journal, ISSN 0959-8146, E-ISSN 0959-535X, Vol. 343, p. d7157-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of delayed umbilical cord clamping, compared with early clamping, on infant iron status at 4 months of age in a European setting.

    DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial.

    SETTING: Swedish county hospital.

    PARTICIPANTS: 400 full term infants born after a low risk pregnancy.

    INTERVENTION: Infants were randomised to delayed umbilical cord clamping (≥180 seconds after delivery) or early clamping (≤10 seconds after delivery).

    MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Haemoglobin and iron status at 4 months of age with the power estimate based on serum ferritin levels. Secondary outcomes included neonatal anaemia, early respiratory symptoms, polycythaemia, and need for phototherapy.

    RESULTS: At 4 months of age, infants showed no significant differences in haemoglobin concentration between the groups, but infants subjected to delayed cord clamping had 45% (95% confidence interval 23% to 71%) higher mean ferritin concentration (117 μg/L v 81 μg/L, P<0.001) and a lower prevalence of iron deficiency (1 (0.6%) v 10 (5.7%), P=0.01, relative risk reduction 0.90; number needed to treat=20 (17 to 67)). As for secondary outcomes, the delayed cord clamping group had lower prevalence of neonatal anaemia at 2 days of age (2 (1.2%) v 10 (6.3%), P=0.02, relative risk reduction 0.80, number needed to treat 20 (15 to 111)). There were no significant differences between groups in postnatal respiratory symptoms, polycythaemia, or hyperbilirubinaemia requiring phototherapy.

    CONCLUSIONS: Delayed cord clamping, compared with early clamping, resulted in improved iron status and reduced prevalence of iron deficiency at 4 months of age, and reduced prevalence of neonatal anaemia, without demonstrable adverse effects. As iron deficiency in infants even without anaemia has been associated with impaired development, delayed cord clamping seems to benefit full term infants even in regions with a relatively low prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia. Trial registration Clinical Trials NCT01245296.

  • 34. Andersson, Ola
    et al.
    Lindquist, Barbro
    Lindgren, Magnus
    Stjernqvist, Karin
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Hellstrom-Westas, Lena
    Effect of Delayed Cord Clamping on Neurodevelopment at 4 Years of Age: A Randomized Clinical Trial2015In: JAMA pediatrics, ISSN 2168-6203, E-ISSN 2168-6211, Vol. 169, no 7, p. 631-638Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    IMPORTANCE Prevention of iron deficiency in infancy may promote neurodevelopment. Delayuci umbilical cord clamping (CC) prevents iron deficiency at 4 to 6 months of age, but long-term effects after 12 months of age have not been reported. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of delayed CC compared with early CC on neurodevelopment at 4 years of age. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Follow-up of a randomized clinical trial conducted from April 16, 2008, through May 21, 2010, at a Swedish county hospital. Children who were included in the original study (n = 382) as full-term infants born after a low-risk pregnancy were invited to return for follow-up at 4 years of age. Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-111) and Movement Assessment Battery for Children (Movement ABC) scores (collected between April 18, 2012, and July 5, 2013) were assessed by a blinded psychologist. Between April 11, 2012, and August 13, 2013, parents recorded their child's development using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition (ASQ) and behavior using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. All data were analyzed by intention to treat. INTERVENTIONS Randomization to delayed CC (>= 180 seconds after delivery) or early CC (<= 10 seconds after delivery). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The main outcome was full-scale IQ as assessed by the were development as assessed by the scales from the WPPSI-III and Movement ABC, development as recorded using the ASQ, and behavior using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. RESULTS We assessed 263 children (68.8%). No differences were found in WPPSI-III scores between groups. Delayed CC improved the adjusted mean differences (AMDs) in the ASQ personal-social (AMD, 2.8; 95% Cl, 0.8-4.7) and fine-motor (AMD, 2.1; 95% Cl, 0.2-4.0) domains and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire prosocial subscale (AMD, 0.5; 95% Cl, >0.0-0.9). Fewer children in the delayed-CC group had results below the cutoff in the ASQ fine-motor domain (11.0% vs 3.7%; P =.02) and the Movement ABC bicycle-trail task (12.9% vs 3.8%; P =.02). Boys who received delayed CC had significantly higher AMDs in the WPPSI-III processing-speed quotient (AMD, 4.2; 95% Cl, 0.8-7.6; P =.02), Movement ABC bicycle-trail task (AMD, 0.8; 95% Cl, 0.1-1.5; P =.03), and fine-motor (AMD, 4.7; 95% Cl, 1.0-8.4; P =.01) and personal-social (AMD, 4.9; 95% Cl, 1.6-8.3; P =.004) domains of the ASQ. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Delayed CC compared with early CC improved scores in the fine-motor at 4 years of age, especially in boys, indicating that optimizing the time to CC may affect neurodevelopment in a low-risk population of children born in a high-income country.

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  • 35.
    Andersson, Yvonne
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Hammarström, Marie-Louise
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology/Immunchemistry.
    Lönnerdal, Bo
    Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616.
    Graverholt, Gitte
    Arla Foods Ingredients, Aarhus, Denmark.
    Fält, Helen
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Hernell, Olle
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Formula feeding skews immune cell composition toward adaptive immunity compared to breastfeeding2009In: Journal of Immunology, ISSN 0022-1767, E-ISSN 1550-6606, Vol. 183, no 7, p. 4322-4328Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The ontogeny of the immune system and the effect thereon by type of infant feeding is incompletely understood. We analyzed frequencies and composition of immune cells in blood of breastfed (BF) and formula-fed (FF) infants at 1.5, 4, and 6 mo of age. Three formulas with the same protein concentration but with varying levels of alpha-lactalbumin and caseinoglycomacropeptide were compared. Twenty-nine exclusively BF infants served as reference, and 17 infants in each formula group completed the study. Whole blood and PBMCs were analyzed by flow cytometry and immunoflow cytometry, respectively. Leukocyte count of BF infants increased with time due to increased frequency of neutrophils. Lymphocyte count was high at 1.5 mo and was unchanged over time, as were the relative proportions of CD4+ alphabetaT cells, CD8+ alphabetaT cells, B cells, NK cells, and gammadeltaT cells. Most CD45R0+CD3+ cells were HLA-DR- and hence memory cells. Compared with breastfeeding, formula feeding resulted in a significant decrease in proportion of NK cells, but a significant increase in naive CD4+ alphabetaT cells and an elevated CD4-to-CD8 ratio, that is, 3.3 in the combined FF groups compared with 2.6 in the BF group. No significant differences were found between the three groups of FF infants. In conclusion, blood cells of lymphoid lineage did not change significantly in frequencies or composition from 1.5 to 6 mo of age in BF infants. In contrast, FF infants displayed an ongoing maturation of adaptive immunity cells and a delayed recruitment of innate immunity cells as compared with BF infants.

  • 36. Ankarberg-Lindgren, Carina
    et al.
    Gawlik, Aneta
    Kriström, Berit
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Mazzanti, Laura
    Ruijgrok, Elisabeth J.
    Sas, Theo C. J.
    Estradiol matrix patches for pubertal induction: stability of cut pieces at different temperatures2019In: Endocrine Connections, E-ISSN 2049-3614, Vol. 8, no 4, p. 360-366Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: Transdermal estradiol patches are primarily designed for adult women. No low-dose patches are licensed for pubertal induction in hypogonadal girls. Low doses can be achieved by cutting a matrix patch into smaller pieces. However, the manufacturers do not guarantee stability or utility of cut estradiol patches. The aim of the study was to assess 1-month stability of cut estradiol patches from four different manufacturers in the laboratory at room temperature (+21 degrees C) and at an elevated temperature (+35 degrees C).

    Design and methods: Estraderm MX 50 mu g, Systen 50 mu g and Oesclim 25 mu g matrix patches were cut into eight pieces while Estradot 50 mu g small patches were cut in half. The cut patches were stored in their respective pouches at +21 degrees C or at +35 degrees C for up to 1 month. The estradiol drug was extracted from the patch by ethyl acetate n-hexane and determined by radioimmunoassay.

    Results: Storage at +21 degrees C or +35 degrees C up to 1 month did not reduce the estradiol concentration in Estraderm MX, Systen and Oesclim patches. However, although the estradiol in Estradot patches was not affected by storage at +21 degrees C, at +35 degrees C, estradiol decreased by 57% (+/- 1%) in cut pieces.

    Conclusions: Unused Estraderm MX, Systen and Oesclim patch pieces may be stored for at least 1 month at <=+35 degrees C. Where estradiol patches for children are not available, cut pieces of these or similar patches can be used for pubertal induction. The Estradot patch was too small to properly cut into low doses and not stable in elevated temperatures.

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  • 37. Ankarberg-Lindgren, Carina
    et al.
    Gawlik, Aneta
    Kriström, Berit
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Mazzanti, Laura
    Sas, Theo C. J.
    Sustainability of Estradiol Drug Concentrations in Cut Matrix Patches; A Study of Different Brands with Potential Use for Pubertal Induction2018In: Hormone Research in Paediatrics, ISSN 1663-2818, E-ISSN 1663-2826, Vol. 90, p. 553-553Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 38. Ankarberg-Lindgren, Carina
    et al.
    Kriström, Berit
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Norjavaara, Ensio
    Physiological Estrogen Replacement Therapy for Puberty Induction in Girls: A Clinical Observational Study2014In: Hormone Research in Paediatrics, ISSN 1663-2818, E-ISSN 1663-2826, Vol. 81, no 4, p. 239-244Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background/Aim: The goal of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) in girls with hypogonadism is to achieve the endocrine milieu similar to natural puberty, where transdermal administration is the most physiological route. The aim of the study was to evaluate guidelines for the induction of puberty with transdermal estradiol (E-2) patches in a large outpatient setting. Methods: In a retrospective study, serum E-2 levels from 18 clinics were analyzed at the Goteborg Pediatric Growth Research Center laboratory, as part of the initiation of ERT in girls with hypogonadism. Exclusion criteria were pubertas tarda and pubertal arrest. Eighty-eight observations (50 with Turner syndrome, TS) were included. Serum E-2 levels were determined by extraction + radioimmunoassay (detection limit 4 pmol/l) and analyzed in relation to the dose of Evorel (R) (25 mu g/24 h, containing 1.60 mg estradiol hemihydrate; Janssen-Cilag Pharmaceutica N.V., Beerse, Belgium). Results: There was a linear relationship between serum E-2 and the weight-based dose, with r = 0.56, p < 0.0001 for all observations and r = 0.59, p < 0.0001 for the TS study group. Linear regression analysis for doses of 0.05-0.07 mu g/kg resulted in serum levels of 17-23 pmol/l (TS 17-24 pmol/l) and doses of 0.08-0.12 mu g/kg in 26-39 pmol/l (TS 27-39 pmol/l). Conclusions: For the initiation of ERT with nocturnally administered E-2 patches, we recommend reduced starting doses of 0.05-0.07 mu g/kg, with the goal of mimicking E-2 levels during gonadarche. In older girls, when breast development is of high priority, the starting dose can still be 0.08-0.12 mu g/kg. (C) 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

  • 39.
    Arnell, Kai
    et al.
    Department of Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital, Uppsala.
    Koskinen, Lars-Owe D
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Neurosurgery.
    Malm, Jan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Neurology.
    Eklund, Anders
    Evaluation of Strata NSC and Codman Hakim adjustable cerebrospinal fluid shunts and their corresponding antisiphon devices: laboratory investigation2009In: Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics, ISSN 1933-0707, E-ISSN 1933-0715, Vol. 3, no 3, p. 166-172Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECT: The authors investigated and compared the in vitro characteristics of 2 CSF shunts, the Strata NSC and the Codman Hakim, and their corresponding antisiphon devices (ASDs).

    METHODS: Six new CSF shunts and the corresponding ASDs for each model were tested in an automated, computerized experimental setup based on pressure regulation. Opening pressure accuracy, resistance, sensitivity to abdominal pressure, antisiphon effect, and the influence of different ASD positions were determined.

    RESULTS: In general the shunts performed according to the manufacturers' specifications. However, at the lowest setting, the opening pressure of the Strata NSC was close to 0, and in the Codman Hakim shunt, it was higher than specified. The resistance in the Codman Hakim shunt (5.4 mm Hg/ml/min) was much higher than that in the Strata NSC (3.6 mm Hg/ml/min). Abdominal pressure affected opening pressure in both valves. Positioning the Strata ASD above or below the ventricular catheter tip resulted in higher and lower opening pressures, respectively, than when it was placed in line with the catheter. The positioning of the Codman Hakim ASD did not influence the opening pressure.

    CONCLUSIONS: Both CSF shunts work properly, but at the lowest setting the opening pressure of the Strata NSC was near 0 and in the Codman Hakim it was twice the manufacturer's specifications. The resistance in the Strata NSC was below the normal physiological range, and in the Codman Hakim device it was in the lower range of normal. The ASD did not change the shunt characteristics in the lying position and therefore might not do so in children. If this is the case, then a shunt system with an integrated ASD could be implanted at the first shunt insertion, thus avoiding a second operation and the possibility of infection.

  • 40. Arslanoglu, Sertac
    et al.
    Corpeleijn, Willemijn
    Moro, Guido
    Braegger, Christian
    Campoy, Cristina
    Colomb, Virginie
    Decsi, Tamas
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Fewtrell, Mary
    Hojsak, Iva
    Mihatsch, Walter
    Molgaard, Christian
    Shamir, Raanan
    Turck, Dominique
    van Goudoever, Johannes
    Donor Human Milk for Preterm Infants: Current Evidence and Research Directions2013In: Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition - JPGN, ISSN 0277-2116, E-ISSN 1536-4801, Vol. 57, no 4, p. 535-542Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The Committee on Nutrition of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition aims to document the existing evidence of the benefits and common concerns deriving from the use of donor human milk (DHM) in preterm infants. The comment also outlines gaps in knowledge and gives recommendations for practice and suggestions for future research directions. Protection against necrotizing enterocolitis is the major clinical benefit deriving from the use of DHM when compared with formula. Limited data also suggest unfortified DHM to be associated with improved feeding tolerance and with reduced cardiovascular risk factors during adolescence. Presence of a human milk bank (HMB) does not decrease breast-feeding rates at discharge, but decreases the use of formula during the first weeks of life. This commentary emphasizes that fresh own mother's milk (OMM) is the first choice in preterm infant feeding and strong efforts should be made to promote lactation. When OMM is not available, DHM is the recommended alternative. When neither OMM nor DHM is available, preterm formula should be used. DHM should be provided from an established HMB, which follows specific safety guidelines. Storage and processing of human milk reduces some biological components, which may diminish its health benefits. From a nutritional point of view, DHM, like HM, does not meet the requirements of preterm infants, necessitating a specific fortification regimen to optimize growth. Future research should focus on the improvement of milk processing in HMB, particularly of heat treatment; on the optimization of HM fortification; and on further evaluation of the potential clinical benefits of processed and fortified DHM.

  • 41. Ashley, Thomas
    et al.
    Ashley, Hannah
    Wladis, Andreas
    Bolkan, Hakon A.
    van Duinen, Alex J.
    Beard, Jessica H.
    Kalsi, Hertta
    Palmu, Juuli
    Nordin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery.
    Holm, Kristina
    Ohene-Yeboah, Michael
    Lofgren, Jenny
    Outcomes After Elective Inguinal Hernia Repair Performed by Associate Clinicians vs Medical Doctors in Sierra Leone: A Randomized Clinical Trial2021In: JAMA Network Open, E-ISSN 2574-3805, Vol. 4, no 1, article id e2032681Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    IMPORTANCE: Task sharing of surgical duties with medical doctors (MDs) without formal surgical training and associate clinicians (ACs; health care workers corresponding to an educational level between that of a nurse and an MD) is practiced to provide surgical services to people in low-resource settings. The safety and effectiveness of this has not been fully evaluated through a randomized clinical trial.

    OBJECTIVE: To determine whether task sharing with MDs and ACs is safe and effective in mesh hernia repair in Sierra Leone.

    DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This single-blind, noninferiority randomized clinical trial included adult, healthy men with primary inguinal hernia randomized to receiving surgical treatment from an MD or an AC. In Sierra Leone, ACs practicing surgery have received 2 years of surgical training and completed a 1-year internship. The study was conducted between October 2017 and February 2019. Patients were followed up at 2 weeks and 1 year after operations. Observers were blinded to the study arm of the patients. The study was carried out in a first-level hospital in rural Sierra Leone. Data were analyzed from March to June 2019.

    INTERVENTIONS: All patients received an open mesh inguinal hernia repair under local anesthesia. The control group underwent operations performed by MDs, and the intervention group underwent operations performed by ACs.

    MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary end point was hernia recurrence at 1 year. Outcomes were assessed by blinded observers at 2 weeks and 1 year after operations.

    RESULTS: A total of 230 patients were recruited (mean [SD] age, 43.0 [13.5] years), and all but 1 patient underwent inguinal hernia repair between October 23, 2017, and February 2, 2018, performed by 5 MDs and 6 ACs. A total of 114 patients were operated on by MDs, and 115 patients were operated on by ACs. There were no crossovers between the study arms. The follow-up rate was 100% at 2 weeks and 94.1% at 1 year. At 1 year, hernia recurrence occurred in 7 patients (6.9%) operated on by MDs and 1 patient (0.9%) operated on by ACs (absolute difference, -6.0 [95% CI, -11.2 to 0.7] percentage points; P < .001).

    CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: These findings demonstrate that task sharing of elective mesh inguinal hernia repair with ACs was safe and effective. The task sharing debate should progress to focus on optimizing surgical training programs for nonsurgeons and building capacity for elective surgical care in low- and middle-income countries.

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  • 42. Askelöf, Ulrica
    et al.
    Andersson, Ola
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Fasth, Anders
    Hallberg, Boubou
    Hellström-Westas, Lena
    Pettersson, Karin
    Westgren, Magnus
    Wiklund, Ingela E.
    Götherström, Cecilia
    Wait a minute?: An observational cohort study comparing iron stores in healthy Swedish infants at 4 months of age after 10-, 60-and 180-second umbilical cord clamping2017In: BMJ Open, E-ISSN 2044-6055, Vol. 7, no 12, article id e017215Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background and objective: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is a valuable stem cell source used for transplantation. Immediate umbilical cord (UC) clamping is widely practised, but delayed UC clamping is increasingly advocated to reduce possible infant anaemia. The aim of this study was to investigate an intermediate UC clamping time point and to evaluate iron status at the age of 4 months in infants who had the UC clamped after 60 s and compare the results with immediate and late UC clamping.

    Design: Prospective observational study with two historical controls.

    Setting: A university hospital in Stockholm, Sweden, and a county hospital in Halland, Sweden.

    Methods: Iron status was assessed at 4 months in 200 prospectively recruited term infants whose UC was clamped 60 s after birth. The newborn baby was held below the uterine level for the first 30 s before placing the infant on the mother's abdomen for additional 30 s. The results were compared with data from a previously conducted randomised controlled trial including infants subjected to UC clamping at <= 10 s (n= 200) or >= 180 s (n= 200) after delivery.

    Results: After adjustment for age differences at the time of follow- up, serum ferritin concentrations were 77, 103 and 114 mu g/L in the 10, 60 and 180 s groups, respectively. The adjusted ferritin concentration was significantly higher in the 60 s group compared with the 10 s group (P=0.002), while the difference between the 60 and 180 s groups was not significant (P=0.29).

    Conclusion: In this study of healthy term infants, 60 s UC clamping with 30 s lowering of the baby below the uterine level resulted in higher serum ferritin concentrations at 4 months compared with 10 s UC clamping. The results suggest that delaying the UC clamping for 60 s reduces the risk for iron deficiency.

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  • 43. Austeng, Dordi
    et al.
    Blennow, Mats
    Ewald, Uwe
    Fellman, Vineta
    Fritz, Thomas
    Hellström-Westas, Lena
    Hellström, Ann
    Holmgren, Per Åke
    Holmström, Gerd
    Jakobsson, Peter
    Jeppsson, Annika
    Johansson, Kent
    Källén, Karin
    Lagercrantz, Hugo
    Laurini, Ricardo
    Lindberg, Eva
    Lundqvist, Anita
    Marsál, Karel
    Nilstun, Tore
    Nordén-Lindeberg, Solveig
    Norman, Mikael
    Olhager, Elisabeth
    Östlund, Ingrid
    Serenius, Fredrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Simic, Marija
    Sjörs, Gunnar
    Stigson, Lennart
    Stjernqvist, Karin
    Strömberg, Bo
    Tornqvist, Kristina
    Wennergren, Margareta
    Wallin, Agneta
    Westgren, Magnus
    Incidence of and risk factors for neonatal morbidity after active perinatal care: extremely preterm infants study in Sweden (EXPRESS)2010In: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227, Vol. 99, no 7, p. 978-992Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Half of the infants surviving extremely preterm birth suffered from severe neonatal morbidities. Studies on how to reduce these morbidities and on the long-term health of survivors are warranted.

  • 44. Axelsson, Inge
    et al.
    Silfverdal, Sven Arne
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Pneumonia mortality among children in Brazil: a success story2011In: Jornal de pediatria, ISSN 1678-4782, Vol. 87, no 2, p. 85-87Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 45.
    Azer, Amanda
    et al.
    Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, NJ, Newark, United States.
    Hanna, Aedan
    Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, NJ, Newark, United States.
    Shihora, Dhvani
    Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, NJ, Newark, United States.
    Saad, Anthony
    Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, NJ, Newark, United States.
    Duan, Yajie
    Department of Statistics, Rutgers University, NJ, Newark, United States.
    McGrath, Aleksandra M
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences.
    Chu, Alice
    Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, NJ, Newark, United States; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rutgers University, NJ, Newark, United States.
    Forearm and elbow secondary surgical procedures in neonatal brachial plexus palsy: a systematic scoping review2024In: JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques, E-ISSN 2666-6391, Vol. 4, no 1, p. 61-69Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Neonatal Brachial plexus palsy is an injury during delivery that can lead to loss of motor function and limited range of motion in patients due to damage of nerves in the brachial plexus. This scoping review aims to explore types of procedures performed and assess outcomes of forearm and elbow secondary surgery in pediatric patients.

    Methods: Searches of PubMed, Cochrane, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Web of Sciences, and Scopus were completed to obtain studies describing surgical treatment of elbow and forearm in pediatric patients with neonatal Brachial plexus palsy. 865 abstracts and titles were screened by two independent reviewers resulting in 295 full text papers; after applying of inclusion and exclusion criteria 18 articles were included. The level of evidence of this study is level IV.

    Results: Ten main procedures were performed to regain function of the forearm and elbow in neonatal brachial plexus birth palsy patients. Procedures had different aims, with supination contracture (6) and elbow flexion restoration (5) being the most prevalent. The variance between preoperative and postoperative soft tissue and bony procedures outcomes decreased and showed improvement with respect to the aim of each procedure category. For soft tissue procedures, a statistically significant increase was found between preoperative and postoperative values for active elbow flexion, passive supination, and active supination. For bony procedures, there was a statistically significant decrease between preoperative and postoperative values of passive and active supination.

    Conclusion: Overall, all procedures completed in the assessed articles of this study were successful in their aim. Bony procedures, specifically osteotomies, were found to have a wider range of results, whereas soft tissue procedures were found to be more consistent and reproducible with respect to their outcomes. Bony and soft tissue procedures were found vary in their aims and outcomes. This study indicates the need for further research to augment knowledge about indications and long-term benefits to each procedure.

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  • 46.
    Back, Julia
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Drug treatment in children with cardiac diseases -     support for chosen drug.2019Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 47.
    Back, Julia
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Wåhlander, Håkan
    Hanseus, Katarina
    Bergman, Gunnar
    Naumburg, Estelle
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Evidence of support used for drug treatments in pediatric cardiology2021In: Health Science Reports, E-ISSN 2398-8835, Vol. 4, no 2, article id e288Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background and aims: Clinical support systems are widely used in pediatric care. The aim of this study was to assess the support for drug treatments used at pediatric cardiac wards and intensive care units in Sweden.

    Methods: Drug information, such as type of drug, indication, dose, and route of administration, for all in-hospital pediatric cardiac patients, was included in the study. Treatments were classified as either on-label (based on product information) or off-label. Support for off-label treatment was stratified by the use of clinical support systems (the national database on drugs, local, or other clinical experience guidelines).

    Results: In all, 28 patients were included in the study. The total number of drug treatments was 233, encompassing 65 different drugs. Overall, 175 (75%) treatments were off-label. A majority of off-label drug treatments were supported by other sources of information shared by experts. A total of 7% of the drug treatments were used without support.

    Conclusion:  Off-label drug treatment is still common in Swedish pediatric cardiac care. However, the majority of treatments were supported by the experience shared in clinical support systems.

    Key Points:

    • Seventy-five percent of all prescriptions in pediatric cardiology care were off-label.
    • A majority of patients received three or more drug treatments off-label.
    • Use of clinical support systems and guidelines was common, but in 7% of all drug treatments, no support was found for the chosen treatment.
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  • 48. Backeljauw, Philippe
    et al.
    Kanumakala, Shankar
    Loche, Sandro
    Schwab, Karl Otfried
    Pfäffle, Roland Werner
    Höybye, Charlotte
    Lundberg, Elena
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Battelino, Tadej
    Kriström, Berit
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Giemza, Tomasz
    Zouater, Hichem
    Safety and Effectiveness of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone in Children with Turner Syndrome: Data from the PATRO Children Study2021In: Hormone Research in Paediatrics, ISSN 1663-2818, E-ISSN 1663-2826, Vol. 94, no 3-4, p. 133-143Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: PATRO Children is an international, observational, postmarketing surveillance study for a biosimilar recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH; somatropin, Omnitrope (R); Sandoz), approved by the European Medicines Agency in 2006. We report safety and effectiveness data for patients with Turner syndrome (TS).

    Methods: The study population included infants, children, and adolescents with TS who received Omnitrope (R) treatment according to standard clinical practice. Adverse events (AEs) were monitored for safety evaluation, and height velocity (HV), height standard deviation score (HSDS), and HVSDS were calculated to evaluate treatment effectiveness.

    Results: As of August 2019, 348 TS patients were enrolled from 130 centers. At baseline, 314 patients (90.2%) were prepubertal and 284 patients (81.6%) were rhGH treatment naive. The mean ( range) age at baseline was 9.0 (0.7-18.5) years, and mean (SD) treatment duration in the study was 38.5 (26.8) months. Overall, 170 patients (48.9%) reported AEs, which were considered treatment related in 25 patients (7.2%). One treatment-related serious AE was reported (intracranial hypertension). Mean.HSDS after 3 years of therapy was +1.17 in treatment-naive prepubertal patients and +0.1 in pretreated prepubertal patients. In total, 51 patients (31.1%) reached adult height (AH), 35 of whom were rhGH treatment naive; in these patients, mean (SD) HSDS was -2.97 (1.03) at the start of Omnitrope (R) treatment, and they achieved a mean (SD) AHSDS of -2.02 (0.9).

    Conclusion: These data suggest that biosimilar rhGH is well tolerated and effective in TS patients managed in reallife clinical practice. Optimization of rhGH dose may contribute to a higher AH. (C) 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel

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  • 49.
    Backman, Elin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Effekter av covid-19 pandemin på småbarns neurologiska utveckling2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 50. Balgobind, Brian V
    et al.
    Raimondi, Susana C
    Harbott, Jochen
    Zimmermann, Martin
    Alonzo, Todd A
    Auvrignon, Anne
    Beverloo, H Berna
    Chang, Myron
    Creutzig, Ursula
    Dworzak, Michael N
    Forestier, Erik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Gibson, Brenda
    Hasle, Henrik
    Harrison, Christine J
    Heerema, Nyla A
    Kaspers, Gertjan J L
    Leszl, Anna
    Litvinko, Nathalia
    Nigro, Luca Lo
    Morimoto, Akira
    Perot, Christine
    Pieters, Rob
    Reinhardt, Dirk
    Rubnitz, Jeffrey E
    Smith, Franklin O
    Stary, Jan
    Stasevich, Irina
    Strehl, Sabine
    Taga, Takashi
    Tomizawa, Daisuke
    Webb, David
    Zemanova, Zuzana
    Zwaan, C Michel
    van den Heuvel-Eibrink, Marry M
    Novel prognostic subgroups in childhood 11q23/MLL-rearranged acute myeloid leukemia: results of an international retrospective study.2009In: Blood, ISSN 0006-4971, E-ISSN 1528-0020, Vol. 114, no 12, p. 2489-2496Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Translocations involving chromosome 11q23 frequently occur in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and are associated with poor prognosis. In most cases, the MLL gene is involved, and more than 50 translocation partners have been described. Clinical outcome data of the 11q23-rearranged subgroups are scarce because most 11q23 series are too small for meaningful analysis of subgroups, although some studies suggest that patients with t(9;11)(p22;q23) have a more favorable prognosis. We retrospectively collected outcome data of 756 children with 11q23- or MLL-rearranged AML from 11 collaborative groups to identify differences in outcome based on translocation partners. All karyotypes were centrally reviewed before assigning patients to subgroups. The event-free survival of 11q23/MLL-rearranged pediatric AML at 5 years from diagnosis was 44% (+/- 5%), with large differences across subgroups (11% +/- 5% to 92% +/- 5%). Multivariate analysis identified the following subgroups as independent prognostic predictors: t(1;11)(q21;q23) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.1, P = .004); t(6;11)(q27;q23) (HR = 2.2, P < .001); t(10;11)(p12;q23) (HR = 1.5, P = .005); and t(10;11)(p11.2;q23) (HR = 2.5, P = .005). We could not confirm the favorable prognosis of the t(9;11)(p22;q23) subgroup. We identified large differences in outcome within 11q23/MLL-rearranged pediatric AML and novel subgroups based on translocation partners that independently predict clinical outcome. Screening for these translocation partners is needed for accurate treatment stratification at diagnosis.

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