Umeå University's logo

umu.sePublications
Change search
Refine search result
1234567 1 - 50 of 701
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Rows per page
  • 5
  • 10
  • 20
  • 50
  • 100
  • 250
Sort
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
  • Standard (Relevance)
  • Author A-Ö
  • Author Ö-A
  • Title A-Ö
  • Title Ö-A
  • Publication type A-Ö
  • Publication type Ö-A
  • Issued (Oldest first)
  • Issued (Newest first)
  • Created (Oldest first)
  • Created (Newest first)
  • Last updated (Oldest first)
  • Last updated (Newest first)
  • Disputation date (earliest first)
  • Disputation date (latest first)
Select
The maximal number of hits you can export is 250. When you want to export more records please use the Create feeds function.
  • 1. Abbas, S
    et al.
    Linseisen, J
    Rohrmann, S
    Beulens, JWJ
    Buijsse, B
    Amiano, P
    Ardanaz, E
    Balkau, B
    Boeing, H
    Clavel-Chapelon, F
    Fagherazzi, G
    Franks, Paul W
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine.
    Gavrila, D
    Grioni, S
    Kaaks, R
    Key, TJ
    Khaw, KT
    Kuehn, T
    Mattiello, A
    Molina-Montes, E
    Nilsson, PM
    Overvad, K
    Quiros, JR
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine.
    Sacerdote, C
    Saieva, C
    Slimani, N
    Sluijs, I
    Spijkerman, AMW
    Tjonneland, A
    Tumino, R
    van der A, DL
    Zamora-Ros, R
    Sharp, SJ
    Langenberg, C
    Forouhi, NG
    Riboli, E
    Wareham, NJ
    Dietary vitamin D intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition: the EPIC-InterAct study2014In: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0954-3007, E-ISSN 1476-5640, Vol. 68, no 2, p. 196-202Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Prospective cohort studies have indicated that serum vitamin D levels are inversely related to risk of type 2 diabetes. However, such studies cannot determine the source of vitamin D. Therefore, we examined the association of dietary vitamin D intake with incident type 2 diabetes within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct study in a heterogeneous European population including eight countries with large geographical variation.

    SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using a case-cohort design, 11 245 incident cases of type 2 diabetes and a representative subcohort (N = 15 798) were included in the analyses. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for type 2 diabetes were calculated using a Prentice-weighted Cox regression adjusted for potential confounders. Twenty-four-hour diet-recall data from a subsample (N = 2347) were used to calibrate habitual intake data derived from dietary questionnaires.

    RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 10.8 years. Dietary vitamin D intake was not significantly associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. HR and 95% CIs for the highest compared to the lowest quintile of uncalibrated vitamin D intake was 1.09 (0.97-1.22) (P-trend = 0.17). No associations were observed in a sex-specific analysis. The overall pooled effect (HR (95% CI)) using the continuous calibrated variable was 1.00 (0.97-1.03) per increase of 1 mg/day dietary vitamin D.

    CONCLUSIONS: This observational study does not support an association between higher dietary vitamin D intake and type 2 diabetes incidence. This result has to be interpreted in light of the limited contribution of dietary vitamin D on the overall vitamin D status of a person.

  • 2.
    Abrahamsson, Lillemor
    et al.
    Institutionen för kostvetenskap, Uppsala universitet.
    Hörnell, Agneta
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Ekblad, Jenny
    FoU Malmö stad, Malmö.
    Nutrition under livscykeln2013In: Näringslära för högskolan: från grundläggande till avancerad nutrition / [ed] Abrahamsson Lillemor, Andersson Agneta, Nilsson Gerd, Stockholm: Liber, 2013, 6, p. 379-403Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 3.
    Afeiche, Myriam C.
    et al.
    Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, Lausanne, Switzerland.
    Iroz, Alison
    Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A, Lausanne, Switzerland.
    Thielecke, Frank
    Department of Health Promotion, Swiss Distance University of Applied Sciences, Regendorf, Switzerland; T2 Bene Ltd, Allschwil, Switzerland.
    De Castro, Antonio C.
    SAS Institute Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore.
    Lefebvre, Gregory
    Crown Bioscience, CA, San Diego, United States.
    Draper, Colleen F.
    PhenomX Health LaForge, Fondation EPFL Innovation Park, Lausanne, Switzerland.
    Martínez-Costa, Cecilia
    Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
    Haaland, Kirsti
    Department of Global Health, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
    Marchini, Giovanna
    Department of Neonatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Agosti, Massimo
    Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Woman and Child Department, Del Ponte Hospital, Insubria University, Varese, Italy.
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Rakza, Thameur
    Department of Obstetrics, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France.
    Costeira, Maria José
    Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS) and Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics (3B’s), PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; Department of Neonatology, Senhora da Oliveira Hospital, Guimarães, Portugal.
    Vanpee, Mireille
    Department of Pediatrics, Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Billeaud, Claude
    Hôpital des Enfants, CHU Pellegrin, Bordeaux, France.
    Picaud, Jean-Charles
    Division of Neonatology, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Lyon, France; CarMen Laboratory, INSERM U1060, INRA 69221, INSA Lyon, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
    Hian, Daryl Lim Kah
    Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
    Liu, Guimei
    Institute for Infocomm Research, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.
    Shivappa, Nitin
    Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, SC, Columbia, United States; Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, SC, Columbia, United States.
    Hébert, James R.
    Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the Cancer Prevention and Control Program, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, SC, Columbia, United States; Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, SC, Columbia, United States.
    Samuel, Tinu M.
    Nestlé Product Technology Center-Nutrition, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A, Vevey, Switzerland.
    The dietary inflammatory index is associated with subclinical mastitis in lactating european women2022In: Nutrients, E-ISSN 2072-6643, Vol. 14, no 22, article id 4719Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is an inflammatory state of the lactating mammary gland, which is asymptomatic and may have negative consequences for child growth. The objectives of this study were to: (1) test the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and SCM and (2) assess the differences in nutrient intakes between women without SCM and those with SCM. One hundred and seventy-seven women with available data on human milk (HM) sodium potassium ratio (Na:K) and dietary intake data were included for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between nutrient intake and the DII score in relation to SCM. Women without SCM had a lower median DII score (0.60) than women with moderate (1.12) or severe (1.74) SCM (p < 0.01). A one-unit increase in DII was associated with about 41% increased odds of having SCM, adjusting for country and mode of delivery, p = 0.001. Women with SCM had lower mean intakes of several anti-inflammatory nutrients. We show for the first time exploratory evidence that SCM may be associated with a pro-inflammatory diet and women with SCM have lower intakes of several antioxidant and anti-inflammatory nutrients.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 4. Afshin, Ashkan
    et al.
    Forouzanfar, Mohammad H.
    Reitsma, Marissa B.
    Sur, Patrick
    Estep, Kara
    Lee, Alex
    Marczak, Laurie
    Mokdad, Ali H.
    Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar
    Naghavi, Mohsen
    Salama, Joseph S.
    Vos, Theo
    Abate, Kalkidan H.
    Abbafati, Cristiana
    Ahmed, Muktar B.
    Al-Aly, Ziyad
    Alkerwi, Ala'a
    Al-Raddadi, Rajaa
    Amare, Azmeraw T.
    Amberbir, Alemayehu
    Amegah, Adeladza K.
    Amini, Erfan
    Amrock, Stephen M.
    Anjana, Ranjit M.
    Arnlov, Johan
    Asayesh, Hamid
    Banerjee, Amitava
    Barac, Aleksandra
    Baye, Estifanos
    Bennett, Derrick A.
    Beyene, Addisu S.
    Biadgilign, Sibhatu
    Biryukov, Stan
    Bjertness, Espen
    Boneya, Dube J.
    Campos-Nonato, Ismael
    Carrero, Juan J.
    Cecilio, Pedro
    Cercy, Kelly
    Ciobanu, Liliana G.
    Cornaby, Leslie
    Damtew, Solomon A.
    Dandona, Lalit
    Dandona, Rakhi
    Dharmaratne, Samath D.
    Duncan, Bruce B.
    Eshrati, Babak
    Esteghamati, Alireza
    Feigin, Valery L.
    Fernandes, Joao C.
    Furst, Thomas
    Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye T.
    Gold, Audra
    Gona, Philimon N.
    Goto, Atsushi
    Habtewold, Tesfa D.
    Hadush, Kokeb T.
    Hafezi-Nejad, Nima
    Hay, Simon I.
    Horino, Masako
    Islami, Farhad
    Kamal, Ritul
    Kasaeian, Amir
    Katikireddi, Srinivasa V.
    Kengne, Andre P.
    Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan N.
    Khader, Yousef S.
    Khang, Young-Ho
    Khubchandani, Jagdish
    Kim, Daniel
    Kim, Yun J.
    Kinfu, Yohannes
    Kosen, Soewarta
    Ku, Tiffany
    Defo, Barthelemy Kuate
    Kumar, G. Anil
    Larson, Heidi J.
    Leinsalu, Mall
    Liang, Xiaofeng
    Lim, Stephen S.
    Liu, Patrick
    Lopez, Alan D.
    Lozano, Rafael
    Majeed, Azeem
    Malekzadeh, Reza
    Malta, Deborah C.
    Mazidi, Mohsen
    McAlinden, Colm
    McGarvey, Stephen T.
    Mengistu, Desalegn T.
    Mensah, George A.
    Mensink, Gert B. M.
    Mezgebe, Haftay B.
    Mirrakhimov, Erkin M.
    Mueller, Ulrich O.
    Noubiap, Jean J.
    Obermeyer, Carla M.
    Ogbo, Felix A.
    Owolabi, Mayowa O.
    Patton, George C.
    Pourmalek, Farshad
    Qorbani, Mostafa
    Rafay, Anwar
    Rai, Rajesh K.
    Ranabhat, Chhabi L.
    Reinig, Nikolas
    Safiri, Saeid
    Salomon, Joshua A.
    Sanabria, Juan R.
    Santos, Itamar S.
    Sartorius, Benn
    Sawhney, Monika
    Schmidhuber, Josef
    Schutte, Aletta E.
    Schmidt, Maria I.
    Sepanlou, Sadaf G.
    Shamsizadeh, Moretza
    Sheikhbahaei, Sara
    Shin, Min-Jeong
    Shiri, Rahman
    Shiue, Ivy
    Roba, Hirbo S.
    Silva, Diego A. S.
    Silverberg, Jonathan I.
    Singh, Jasvinder A.
    Stranges, Saverio
    Swaminathan, Soumya
    Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael
    Tadese, Fentaw
    Tedla, Bemnet A.
    Tegegne, Balewgizie S.
    Terkawi, Abdullah S.
    Thakur, J. S.
    Tonelli, Marcello
    Topor-Madry, Roman
    Tyrovolas, Stefanos
    Ukwaja, Kingsley N.
    Uthman, Olalekan A.
    Vaezghasemi, Masoud
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health.
    Vasankari, Tommi
    Vlassov, Vasiliy V.
    Vollset, Stein E.
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    Werdecker, Andrea
    Wesana, Joshua
    Westerman, Ronny
    Yano, Yuichiro
    Yonemoto, Naohiro
    Yonga, Gerald
    Zaidi, Zoubida
    Zenebe, Zerihun M.
    Zipkin, Ben
    Murray, Christopher J. L.
    Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries over 25 Years2017In: New England Journal of Medicine, ISSN 0028-4793, E-ISSN 1533-4406, Vol. 377, no 1, p. 13-27Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND Although the rising pandemic of obesity has received major attention in many countries, the effects of this attention on trends and the disease burden of obesity remain uncertain. METHODS We analyzed data from 68.5 million persons to assess the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adults between 1980 and 2015. Using the Global Burden of Disease study data and methods, we also quantified the burden of disease related to high body-mass index (BMI), according to age, sex, cause, and BMI in 195 countries between 1990 and 2015. RESULTS In 2015, a total of 107.7 million children and 603.7 million adults were obese. Since 1980, the prevalence of obesity has doubled in more than 70 countries and has continuously increased in most other countries. Although the prevalence of obesity among children has been lower than that among adults, the rate of increase in childhood obesity in many countries has been greater than the rate of increase in adult obesity. High BMI accounted for 4.0 million deaths globally, nearly 40% of which occurred in persons who were not obese. More than two thirds of deaths related to high BMI were due to cardiovascular disease. The disease burden related to high BMI has increased since 1990; however, the rate of this increase has been attenuated owing to decreases in underlying rates of death from cardiovascular disease. CONCLUSIONS The rapid increase in the prevalence and disease burden of elevated BMI highlights the need for continued focus on surveillance of BMI and identification, implementation, and evaluation of evidence-based interventions to address this problem. 

  • 5. Agborsangaya, Calypse
    et al.
    Toriola, Adetunji T
    Grankvist, Kjell
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical chemistry.
    Surcel, Heljia-Marja
    Holl, Katsiaryna
    Parkkila, Seppo
    Tuohimaa, Pentti
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Lehtinen, Matti
    The effects of storage time and sampling season on the stability of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D and androstenedione2010In: Nutrition and Cancer, ISSN 0163-5581, E-ISSN 1532-7914, Vol. 62, no 1, p. 51-57Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Knowledge of the stability of serum samples stored in large biobanks is pivotal for reliable assessment of hormone-dependent disease risks. We studied the effects of sample storage time and season of serum sampling on the stability of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OHD) and androstenedione in a stratified random sample of 402 women, using paired sera from the Finnish Maternity Cohort. Serum samples selected were donated between 6 and 24 yr ago. The storage time did not affect serum 25-OHD and androstenedione levels. However, there was a significant mean difference in the 25-OHD levels of sera withdrawn during winter (first sample) vs. during summer (second sample; -18.4 nmol/l, P ≤ 0.001). Also at the individual level, there were significant differences in average 25-OHD levels between individuals with the paired sera taken at winter–winter compared with other alternatives (summer–winter, winter–summer, and summer–summer). The androstenedione levels showed no such differences. Long-term storage does not affect serum 25-OHD and androstenedione levels, but sampling season is an important determinant of 25-OHD levels. Stored serum samples can be used to study disease associations with both hormones. However, sampling season needs to be taken into account for 25-OHD by considering matching and stratification and, if possible, serial sampling.

  • 6. Aglago, Elom K.
    et al.
    Huybrechts, Inge
    Murphy, Neil
    Casagrande, Corinne
    Nicolas, Genevieve
    Pischon, Tobias
    Fedirko, Veronika
    Severi, Gianluca
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Fournier, Agnès
    Katzke, Verena
    Kühn, Tilman
    Olsen, Anja
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Dahm, Christina C.
    Overvad, Kim
    Lasheras, Cristina
    Agudo, Antonio
    Sánchez, Maria-Jose
    Amiano, Pilar
    Huerta, José Maria
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Perez-Cornago, Aurora
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Karakatsani, Anna
    Martimianaki, Georgia
    Palli, Domenico
    Pala, Valeria
    Tumino, Rosario
    Naccarati, Alessio
    Panico, Salvatore
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
    May, Anne
    Derksen, Jeroen W. G.
    Hellstrand, Sophie
    Ohlsson, Bodil
    Wennberg, Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health.
    van Guelpen, Bethany
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Skeie, Guri
    Brustad, Magritt
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    Cross, Amanda J.
    Ward, Heather
    Riboli, Elio
    Norat, Teresa
    Chajes, Veronique
    Gunter, Marc J.
    Consumption of Fish and Long-chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Is Associated With Reduced Risk of Colorectal Cancer in a Large European Cohort2020In: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, ISSN 1542-3565, E-ISSN 1542-7714, p. 654-666Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND & AIMS: There is an unclear association between intake of fish and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs) and colorectal cancer (CRC). We examined the association between fish consumption, dietary and circulating levels of n-3 LC-PUFAs, and ratio of n-6:n-3 LC-PUFA with CRC using data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.

    METHODS: Dietary intake of fish (total, fatty/oily, lean/white) and n-3 LC-PUFA were estimated by food frequency questionnaires given to 521,324 participants in the EPIC study; among these, 6291 individuals developed CRC (median follow up, 14.9 years). Levels of phospholipid LC-PUFA were measured by gas chromatography in plasma samples from a sub-group of 461 CRC cases and 461 matched individuals without CRC (controls). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards and conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs), respectively, with 95% CIs.

    RESULTS: Total intake of fish (HR for quintile 5 vs 1, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.80-0.96; Ptrend = .005), fatty fish (HR for quintile 5 vs 1, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82-0.98; Ptrend = .009), and lean fish (HR for quintile 5 vs 1, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.83-1.00; Ptrend = .016) were inversely associated with CRC incidence. Intake of total n-3 LC-PUFA (HR for quintile 5 vs 1, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.78-0.95; Ptrend = .010) was also associated with reduced risk of CRC, whereas dietary ratio of n-6:n-3 LC-PUFA was associated with increased risk of CRC (HR for quintile 5 vs 1, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.18-1.45; Ptrend < .001). Plasma levels of phospholipid n-3 LC-PUFA was not associated with overall CRC risk, but an inverse trend was observed for proximal compared with distal colon cancer (Pheterogeneity = .026).

    CONCLUSIONS: In an analysis of dietary patterns of participants in the EPIC study, we found regular consumption of fish, at recommended levels, to be associated with a lower risk of CRC, possibly through exposure to n-3 LC-PUFA. Levels of n-3 LC-PUFA in plasma were not associated with CRC risk, but there may be differences in risk at different regions of the colon.

  • 7. Aglago, Elom K.
    et al.
    Mayén, Ana-Lucia
    Knaze, Viktoria
    Freisling, Heinz
    Fedirko, Veronika
    Hughes, David J.
    Jiao, Li
    Eriksen, Anne Kirstine
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Rothwell, Joseph A.
    Severi, Gianluca
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Katzke, Verena
    Schulze, Matthias B.
    Birukov, Anna
    Palli, Domenico
    Sieri, Sabina
    Santucci de Magistris, Maria
    Tumino, Rosario
    Ricceri, Fulvio
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
    Derksen, Jeroen W. G.
    Skeie, Guri
    Gram, Inger Torhild
    Sandanger, Torkjel
    Quirós, J. Ramón
    Luján-Barroso, Leila
    Sánchez, Maria-Jose
    Amiano, Pilar
    Chirlaque, María-Dolores
    Gurrea, Aurelio Barricarte
    Johansson, Ingegerd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Manjer, Jonas
    Perez-Cornago, Aurora
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    Gunter, Marc J.
    Heath, Alicia K.
    Schalkwijk, Casper G.
    Jenab, Mazda
    Dietary Advanced Glycation End-Products and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study2021In: Nutrients, E-ISSN 2072-6643, Vol. 13, no 9, article id 3132Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Dietary advanced glycation end-products (dAGEs) have been hypothesized to be associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) by promoting inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and oxidative stress in the colonic epithelium. However, evidence from prospective cohort studies is scarce and inconclusive. We evaluated CRC risk associated with the intake of dAGEs in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Dietary intakes of three major dAGEs: Nε-carboxy-methyllysine (CML), Nε-carboxyethyllysine (CEL), and Nδ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)-ornithine (MG-H1) were estimated in 450,111 participants (median follow-up = 13 years, with 6162 CRC cases) by matching to a detailed published European food composition database. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations of dAGEs with CRC were computed using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models. Inverse CRC risk associations were observed for CML (HR comparing extreme quintiles: HRQ5vs.Q1 = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.85-1.00) and MG-H1 (HRQ5vs.Q1 = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.85-1.00), but not for CEL (HRQ5vs.Q1 = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.89-1.05). The associations did not differ by sex or anatomical location of the tumor. Contrary to the initial hypothesis, our findings suggest an inverse association between dAGEs and CRC risk. More research is required to verify these findings and better differentiate the role of dAGEs from that of endogenously produced AGEs and their precursor compounds in CRC development.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 8. Agogo, George O.
    et al.
    van der Voet, Hilko
    van 't Veer, Pieter
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Muller, David C.
    Sanchez-Cantalejo, Emilio
    Bamia, Christina
    Braaten, Tonje
    Knuppel, Sven
    Johansson, Ingegerd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology.
    van Eeuwijk, Fred A.
    Boshuizen, Hendriek C.
    A method for sensitivity analysis to assess the effects of measurement error in multiple exposure variables using external validation data2016In: BMC Medical Research Methodology, E-ISSN 1471-2288, Vol. 16, article id 139Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Measurement error in self-reported dietary intakes is known to bias the association between dietary intake and a health outcome of interest such as risk of a disease. The association can be distorted further by mismeasured confounders, leading to invalid results and conclusions. It is, however, difficult to adjust for the bias in the association when there is no internal validation data. Methods: We proposed a method to adjust for the bias in the diet-disease association (hereafter, association), due to measurement error in dietary intake and a mismeasured confounder, when there is no internal validation data. The method combines prior information on the validity of the self-report instrument with the observed data to adjust for the bias in the association. We compared the proposed method with the method that ignores the confounder effect, and with the method that ignores measurement errors completely. We assessed the sensitivity of the estimates to various magnitudes of measurement error, error correlations and uncertainty in the literature-reported validation data. We applied the methods to fruits and vegetables (FV) intakes, cigarette smoking (confounder) and all-cause mortality data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Results: Using the proposed method resulted in about four times increase in the strength of association between FV intake and mortality. For weakly correlated errors, measurement error in the confounder minimally affected the hazard ratio estimate for FV intake. The effect was more pronounced for strong error correlations. Conclusions: The proposed method permits sensitivity analysis on measurement error structures and accounts for uncertainties in the reported validity coefficients. The method is useful in assessing the direction and quantifying the magnitude of bias in the association due to measurement errors in the confounders.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 9. Agudo, Antonio
    et al.
    Cayssials, Valerie
    Bonet, Catalina
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Overvad, Kim
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Affret, Aurélie
    Fagherazzi, Guy
    Katzke, Verena
    Schübel, Ruth
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Karakatsani, Anna
    La Vecchia, Carlo
    Palli, Domenico
    Grioni, Sara
    Tumino, Rosario
    Ricceri, Fulvio
    Panico, Salvatore
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, Bas
    Peeters, Petra H.
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    Skeie, Guri
    Nøst, Theresa H.
    Lasheras, Cristina
    Rodríguez-Barranco, Miguel
    Amiano, Pilar
    Chirlaque, María-Dolores
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Ohlsson, Bodil
    Dias, Joana A.
    Nilsson, Lena M.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Myte, Robin
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Perez-Cornago, Aurora
    Gunter, Marc
    Huybrechts, Inge
    Cross, Amanda J.
    Tsilidis, Kostas
    Riboli, Elio
    Jakszyn, Paula
    Inflammatory potential of the diet and risk of gastric cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study2018In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0002-9165, E-ISSN 1938-3207, Vol. 107, no 4, p. 607-616Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of the 2 major types of gastric cancer. Several foods, nutrients, and nonnutrient food components seem to be involved in the regulation of chronic inflammation. We assessed the association between the inflammatory potential of the diet and the risk of gastric carcinoma, overall and for the 2 major subsites: cardia cancers and noncardia cancers. A total of 476,160 subjects (30% men, 70% women) from the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study were followed for 14 y, during which 913 incident cases of gastric carcinoma were identified, including 236 located in the cardia, 341 in the distal part of the stomach (noncardia), and 336 with overlapping or unknown tumor site. The dietary inflammatory potential was assessed by means of an inflammatory score of the diet (ISD), calculated with the use of 28 dietary components and their corresponding inflammatory scores. The association between the ISD and gastric cancer risk was estimated by HRs and 95% CIs calculated by multivariate Cox regression models adjusted for confounders. The inflammatory potential of the diet was associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer. The HR (95% CI) for each increase in 1 SD of the ISD were 1.25 (1.12, 1.39) for all gastric cancers, 1.30 (1.06, 1.59) for cardia cancers, and 1.07 (0.89, 1.28) for noncardia cancers. The corresponding values for the highest compared with the lowest quartiles of the ISD were 1.66 (1.26, 2.20), 1.94 (1.14, 3.30), and 1.07 (0.70, 1.70), respectively. Our results suggest that low-grade chronic inflammation induced by the diet may be associated with gastric cancer risk. This pattern seems to be more consistent for gastric carcinomas located in the cardia than for those located in the distal stomach. This study is listed on the ISRCTN registry as ISRCTN12136108.

  • 10.
    Ahlgren, Christina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå Centre for Gender Studies (UCGS).
    Hammarström, Anne
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå Centre for Gender Studies (UCGS). Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Social medicine.
    Sandberg, Susanne
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine.
    Lindahl, Bernt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Olsson, Tommy
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine.
    Larsson, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition. Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden .
    Fjellman-Wiklund, Anncristine
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå Centre for Gender Studies (UCGS).
    Engagement in New Dietary Habits: Obese Women's Experiences from Participating in a 2-Year Diet Intervention2016In: International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, ISSN 1070-5503, E-ISSN 1532-7558, Vol. 23, no 1, p. 84-93Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Dietary weight loss interventions most often result in weight loss, but weight maintenance on a long-term basis is the main problem in obesity treatment. There is a need for an increased understanding of the behaviour patterns involved in adopting a new dietary behavior and to maintain the behaviour over time.

    PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to explore overweight and obese middle-aged women's experiences of the dietary change processes when participating in a 2-year-long diet intervention.

    METHODS: Qualitative semi-structured interviews with 12 overweight and obese women (54-71 years) were made after their participation in a diet intervention programme. The programme was designed as a RCT study comparing a diet according to the Nordic nutrition recommendations (NNR diet) and a Palaeolithic diet (PD). Interviews were analysed according to Grounded Theory principles.

    RESULTS: A core category "Engagement phases in the process of a diet intervention" concluded the analysis. Four categories included the informants' experiences during different stages of the process of dietary change: "Honeymoon phase", "Everyday life phase", "It's up to you phase" and "Crossroads phase". The early part of the intervention period was called "Honeymoon phase" and was characterised by positive experiences, including perceived weight loss and extensive support. The next phases, the "Everyday life phase" and "It's up to you phase", contained the largest obstacles to change. The home environment appeared as a crucial factor, which could be decisive for maintenance of the new dietary habits or relapse into old habits in the last phase called "Crossroads phase".

    CONCLUSION: We identified various phases of engagement in the process of a long-term dietary intervention among middle-aged women. A clear personal goal and support from family and friends seem to be of major importance for long-term maintenance of new dietary habits. Gender relations within the household must be considered as a possible obstacle for women engaging in diet intervention.

  • 11.
    Ahlin, Rebecca
    et al.
    Department of Oncology, Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Nørskov, Natalja P.
    Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Aarhus University, AU-Foulum, Tjele, Denmark.
    Nybacka, Sanna
    Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Landberg, Rikard
    Department of Life Sciences, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Skokic, Viktor
    Department of Oncology, Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Pelvic Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Stranne, Johan
    Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Department of Urology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Josefsson, Andreas
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine at Umeå University (WCMM). Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology. Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Steineck, Gunnar
    Department of Oncology, Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Hedelin, Maria
    Department of Oncology, Division of Clinical Cancer Epidemiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Regional Cancer Center West, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Effects on serum hormone concentrations after a dietary phytoestrogen intervention in patients with prostate cancer: a randomized controlled trial2023In: Nutrients, E-ISSN 2072-6643, Vol. 15, no 7, article id 1792Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Phytoestrogens have been suggested to have an anti-proliferative role in prostate cancer, potentially by acting through estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) and modulating several hormones. We primarily aimed to investigate the effect of a phytoestrogen intervention on hormone concentrations in blood depending on the ERβ genotype. Patients with low and intermediate-risk prostate cancer, scheduled for radical prostatectomy, were randomized to an intervention group provided with soybeans and flaxseeds (∼200 mg phytoestrogens/d) added to their diet until their surgery, or a control group that was not provided with any food items. Both groups received official dietary recommendations. Blood samples were collected at baseline and endpoint and blood concentrations of different hormones and phytoestrogens were analyzed. The phytoestrogen-rich diet did not affect serum concentrations of testosterone, insulin-like growth factor 1, or sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). However, we found a trend of decreased risk of increased serum concentration of estradiol in the intervention group compared to the control group but only in a specific genotype of ERβ (p = 0.058). In conclusion, a high daily intake of phytoestrogen-rich foods has no major effect on hormone concentrations but may lower the concentration of estradiol in patients with prostate cancer with a specific genetic upset of ERβ.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 12. Ahmad, S
    et al.
    Poveda, A
    Shungin, Dmitry
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology. Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Barroso, I
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Renström, Frida
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Franks, Paul W
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine. Department of Clinical Sciences, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
    Established BMI-associated genetic variants and their prospective associations with BMI and other cardiometabolic traits: the GLACIER Study2016In: International Journal of Obesity, ISSN 0307-0565, E-ISSN 1476-5497, Vol. 40, no 9, p. 1346-1352Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Recent cross-sectional genome-wide scans have reported associations of 97 independent loci with body mass index (BMI). In 3541 middle-aged adult participants from the GLACIER Study, we tested whether these loci are associated with 10-year changes in BMI and other cardiometabolic traits (fasting and 2-h glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures).

    METHODS: A BMI-specific genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated by summing the BMI-associated effect alleles at each locus. Trait-specific cardiometabolic GRSs comprised only the loci that show nominal association (P⩽0.10) with the respective trait in the original cross-sectional study. In longitudinal genetic association analyses, the second visit trait measure (assessed ~10 years after baseline) was used as the dependent variable and the models were adjusted for the baseline measure of the outcome trait, age, age(2), fasting time (for glucose and lipid traits), sex, follow-up time and population substructure.

    RESULTS: The BMI-specific GRS was associated with increased BMI at follow-up (β=0.014 kg m(-2) per allele per 10-year follow-up, s.e.=0.006, P=0.019) as were three loci (PARK2 rs13191362, P=0.005; C6orf106 rs205262, P=0.043; and C9orf93 rs4740619, P=0.01). Although not withstanding Bonferroni correction, a handful of single-nucleotide polymorphisms was nominally associated with changes in blood pressure, glucose and lipid levels.

    CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, established BMI-associated loci convey modest but statistically significant time-dependent associations with long-term changes in BMI, suggesting a role for effect modification by factors that change with time in this population.

  • 13. Aleksandrova, Krasimira
    et al.
    Bamia, Christina
    Drogan, Dagmar
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Jenab, Mazda
    Fedirko, Veronika
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas
    Pischon, Tobias
    Tsilidis, Kostas
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Bouton-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Dossus, Laure
    Racine, Antoine
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Kuehn, Tilman
    Tsironis, Christos
    Papatesta, Eleni-Maria
    Saitakis, George
    Palli, Domenico
    Panico, Salvatore
    Grioni, Sara
    Tumino, Rosario
    Vineis, Paolo
    Peeters, Petra H.
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    Lukic, Marko
    Braaten, Tonje
    Ramon Quiros, J.
    Lujan-Barroso, Leila
    Sanchez, Mara-Jose
    Chilarque, Maria-Dolores
    Ardanas, Eva
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Nilsson, Lena Maria
    Umeå University, Arctic Research Centre at Umeå University.
    Sund, Malin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Wallström, Peter
    Ohlsson, Bodil
    Bradbury, Kathryn E.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nick
    Stepien, Magdalena
    Duarte-Salles, Talita
    Assi, Nada
    Murphy, Neil
    Gunter, Marc J.
    Riboli, Elio
    Boeing, Heiner
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    The association of coffee intake with liver cancer risk is mediated by biomarkers of inflammation and hepatocellular injury: data from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition2015In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0002-9165, E-ISSN 1938-3207, Vol. 102, no 6, p. 1498-1508Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Higher coffee intake has been purportedly related to a lower risk of liver cancer. However, it remains unclear whether this association may be accounted for by specific biological mechanisms. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the potential mediating roles of inflammatory, metabolic, liver injury, and iron metabolism biomarkers on the association between coffee intake and the primary form of liver cancer-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Design: We conducted a prospective nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition among 125 incident HCC cases matched to 250 controls using an incidence-density sampling procedure. The association of coffee intake with HCC risk was evaluated by using multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression that accounted for smoking, alcohol consumption, hepatitis infection, and other established liver cancer risk factors. The mediating effects of 21 biomarkers were evaluated on the basis of percentage changes and associated 95% CIs in the estimated regression coefficients of models with and without adjustment for biomarkers individually and in combination. Results: The multivariable-adjusted RR of having >= 4 cups (600mL) coffee/d compared with <2 cups (300 mL)/d was 0.25 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.62; P-trend = 0.006). A statistically significant attenuation of the association between coffee intake and HCC risk and thereby suspected mediation was confirmed for the inflammatory biomarker IL-6 and for the biomarkers of hepatocellular injury glutamate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and total bilirubin, which-in combination-attenuated the regression coefficients by 72% (95% CI: 7%, 239%). Of the investigated biomarkers, IL-6, AST, and GGT produced the highest change in the regression coefficients: 40%, 56%, and 60%, respectively. Conclusion: These data suggest that the inverse association of coffee intake with HCC risk was partly accounted for by biomarkers of inflammation and hepatocellular injury.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 14. Aleksandrova, Krasimira
    et al.
    Drogan, Dagmar
    Boeing, Heiner
    Jenab, Mazda
    Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, H
    Jansen, Eugene
    van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J B
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Fedirko, Veronika
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Riboli, Elio
    Gunter, Marc J
    Romaguera, Dora
    Westhpal, Sabine
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Halkjaer, Jytte
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Vidalis, Pavlos
    Panico, Salvatore
    Agnoli, Claudia
    Palli, Domenico
    Tumino, Rosario
    Vineis, Paolo
    Buckland, Genevieve
    Sánchez-Cruz, José-Juan
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Díaz, María José Tormo
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Ramon Quiros, J
    Peeters, Petra H
    May, Anne M
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Palmqvist, Richard
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology.
    Crowe, Francesca L
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nickolas
    Pischon, Tobias
    Adiposity, mediating biomarkers and risk of colon cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study2014In: International Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0020-7136, E-ISSN 1097-0215, Vol. 134, no 3, p. 612-621Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Adiposity is a risk factor for colon cancer, but underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We evaluated the extent to which 11 biomarkers with inflammatory and metabolic actions mediate the association of adiposity measures, waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI), with colon cancer in men and women. We analyzed data from a prospective nested case-control study among 662 incident colon cancer cases matched within risk sets to 662 controls. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression. The percent effect change and corresponding CIs were estimated after adjusting for biomarkers shown to be associated with colon cancer risk. After multivariable adjustment, WC was associated with colon cancer risk in men (top vs. bottom tertile RR 1.68, 95% CI 1.06-2.65; ptrend  = 0.02) and in women (RR 1.67, 95% CI 1.09-2.56; ptrend  = 0.03). BMI was associated with risk only in men. The association of WC with colon cancer was accounted mostly for by three biomarkers, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-high-molecular-weight adiponectin and soluble leptin receptor, which in combination explained 46% (95% CI 37-57%) of the association in men and 50% (95% CI 40-65%) of the association in women. Similar results were observed for the associations with BMI in men. These data suggest that alterations in levels of these metabolic biomarkers may represent a primary mechanism of action in the relation of adiposity with colon cancer. Further studies are warranted to determine whether altering their concentrations may reduce colon cancer risk.

  • 15.
    Alessandra, Ingargiola
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science.
    Pua, Övergaard
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science.
    Elevers upplevelser av hur hälsoperspektiv kopplat till MAT tas upp i hem- och konsumentkunskap2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    SAMMANFATTNING 

    Bakgrund Hem- och konsumentkunskap (HKK) är ett viktigt skolämne som syftar till att ge elever nödvändiga verktyg för att bli medvetna konsumenter. Livsmedelsverkets nya kostråd innebär att äta mer mat från växtriket och mindre från djurriket, att äta lagom mycket och att röra på sig. Flera studier om hem- och konsumentkunskapsundervisning visar att majoriteten av eleverna prioriterar smak framför hälsa samt att ungdomar under tonåren är mycket lättpåverkade av sina kamrater, reklam och förändringar i samhället. Ungdomars ohälsosamma matvanor beskrivs utgöra en av de största riskfaktorerna för sjuklighet i Sverige idag. Skolan med dess hem- och konsumentkunskapsundervisning har således möjlighet att främja hälsosamma matvanor.

    Syfte Syftet med uppsatsen var att utforska elevers upplevelser av hälsoperspektivet kopplat till mat i undervisningen i hem- och konsumentkunskap.

    Metod I studien har en kvalitativ forskningsmetod använts. Elva semistrukturerade intervjuer av elever i årskurs 9 har genomförts. Intervjumaterialet transkriberades, bröts ner i meningsenheter och kodades. Sedan delades materialet i subkategorier och kategorier vilka användes i resultatanalysen.

    Resultat Analysen resulterade i fem kategorier som byggdes upp av elva subkategorier. Kategorierna handlade om hälsa och livsstil, hantering av livsmedel, hur maten påverkar kropp och hälsa, vad det innebär att göra hälsosamma val samt elevers önskan av variation och tydlighet i undervisningen.

    Slutsats Eleverna visade sig ha svårigheter med att omvandla hälsokunskap till handling i vardagslivet. De behöver praktiska och konkreta övningar för att göra hälsosamma val i vardagen så att inte smak, kompisinflytande och ohälsosamma matvanor prioriteras före reflektion av hälsosam livsstil. Rekommendationen blir att läraren behöver vara mer tydlig och hälsoperspektivet behöver genomsyra undervisningen genom att visa på vad som är hälsosamt och inte. Detta medför att HKK-läraren behöver ha goda kunskaper om ämnet hälsa för att kunna förmedla detta på ett intressant och varierande sätt för eleverna.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 16.
    Almanza-Aguilera, Enrique
    et al.
    Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.
    Guiñón-Fort, Daniel
    Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.
    Perez-Cornago, Aurora
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
    Martínez-Huélamo, Miriam
    Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Food Innovation Network (XIA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
    Andrés-Lacueva, Cristina
    Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Food Innovation Network (XIA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Eriksen, Anne Kirstine
    Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Katzke, Verena
    Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
    Bajracharya, Rashmita
    Department of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
    Schulze, Matthias B.
    Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.
    Masala, Giovanna
    Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network—ISPRO, Florence, Italy.
    Oliverio, Andreina
    Hyblean Association for Epidemiological Research (AIRE-ONLUS), Ragusa, Italy.
    Tumino, Rosario
    Hyblean Association for Epidemiological Research (AIRE-ONLUS), Ragusa, Italy.
    Manfredi, Luca
    Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy.
    Lasheras, Cristina
    Functional Biology Department, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
    Crous-Bou, Marta
    Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.
    Sánchez, Maria-José
    Granada Cancer Registry, Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs. GRANADA, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs. GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
    Amiano, Pilar
    Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain; Epidemiology of Chronic and Communicable Diseases Group, BioGipuzkoa Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.
    Colorado-Yohar, Sandra M.
    Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia University, Murcia, Spain; Research Group on Demography and Health, National Faculty of Public Health, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
    Guevara, Marcela
    Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain; Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain.
    Sonestedt, Emily
    Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Bjartell, Anders
    Department of Urology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
    Thysell, Elin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences.
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.
    Aune, Dagfinn
    Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Nutrition, Oslo New University College, Oslo, Norway; Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
    Aglago, Elom K.
    Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
    Travis, Ruth C.
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
    Zamora-Ros, Raul
    Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain.
    Intake of the total, classes, and subclasses of (poly)phenols and risk of prostate cancer: a prospective analysis of the EPIC study2023In: Cancers, ISSN 2072-6694, Vol. 15, no 16, article id 4067Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Existing epidemiological evidence regarding the potential role of (poly)phenol intake in prostate cancer (PCa) risk is scarce and, in the case of flavonoids, it has been suggested that their intake may increase PCa risk. We investigated the associations between the intake of the total and individual classes and subclasses of (poly)phenols and the risk of PCa, including clinically relevant subtypes. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort included 131,425 adult men from seven European countries. (Poly)phenol intake at baseline was assessed by combining validated center/country-specific dietary questionnaires and the Phenol-Explorer database. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). In total, 6939 incident PCa cases (including 3501 low-grade and 710 high-grade, 2446 localized and 1268 advanced, and 914 fatal Pca cases) were identified during a mean follow-up of 14 years. No associations were observed between the total intake of (poly)phenols and the risk of PCa, either overall (HRlog2 = 0.99, 95% CI 0.94–1.04) or according to PCa subtype. Null associations were also found between all classes (phenolic acids, flavonoids, lignans, and stilbenes) and subclasses of (poly)phenol intake and the risk of PCa, overall and according to PCa subtype. The results of the current large prospective cohort study do not support any association between (poly)phenol intake and PCa incidence.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 17. Almon, Ricardo
    et al.
    Alvarez-Leon, Eva E
    Engfeldt, Peter
    Serra-Majem, Lluís
    Magnuson, Anders
    Nilsson, Torbjörn K
    Department of Clinical Chemistry, Örebro University Hospital.
    Associations between lactase persistence and the metabolic syndrome in a cross-sectional study in the Canary Islands2010In: European Journal of Nutrition, ISSN 1436-6207, E-ISSN 1436-6215, Vol. 49, no 3, p. 141-146Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: The single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) LCT -13910 C>T, associated with genetically determined phenotypes of lactase persistence (LP) or non-persistence (LNP), was studied in relation to the metabolic syndrome (MS).

    AIM OF THE STUDY: The aim was to determine if milk intake and MS are associated. We applied Mendelian randomization (MR). The SNP, LCT -13910 C>T, with the genotypes LP (TT/CT) and LNP (CC), was taken as a proxy for milk consumption.

    METHODS: A representative sample of adults belonging to the Canary Islands Nutrition Survey (ENCA) in Spain aged 18-75 years (n = 551) was genotyped for the LCT -13910 C>T polymorphism. We used the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria to define MS.

    RESULTS: 60% of the population was LP and 40% LNP. One hundred seven LP subjects (35.0%) and 53 LNP subjects (25.6%) showed MS (chi (2) = 5.04, p = 0.025). LP subjects showed a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) for MS than LNP subjects computed for the whole population: both the crude OR (1.56; 95% CI 1.06-2.31) and adjusted OR for sex, age, daily energy intake, physical activity and educational level (1.57; 95% CI 1.02-2.43). Adjusted OR for women with LP was 1.93; 95% CI 1.06-3.52.

    CONCLUSIONS: The T allele of the SNP might constitute a nutrigenetic factor increasing the susceptibility of LP subjects, especially women, to develop MS in the Canary Islands.

  • 18. Almon, Ricardo
    et al.
    Patterson, Emma
    Nilsson, Torbjörn K
    Department of Clinical Chemistry, Örebro University Hospital.
    Engfeldt, Peter
    Sjöström, Michael
    Body fat and dairy product intake in lactase persistent and non-persistent children and adolescents2010In: Food & Nutrition Research, ISSN 1654-6628, E-ISSN 1654-661X, Vol. 54, no 5141Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Lactase non-persistent (LNP) individuals may be lactose intolerant and therefore on a more restricted diet concerning milk and milk products compared to lactase persistent (LP) individuals. This may have an impact on body fat mass.

    OBJECTIVE: This study examines if LP and LNP children and adolescents, defined by genotyping for the LCT-13910 C > T polymorphism, differ from each other with regard to milk and milk product intake, and measures of body fat mass.

    DESIGN: Children (n=298, mean age 9.6 years) and adolescents (n=386, mean age 15.6 years), belonging to the Swedish part of the European Youth Heart Study, were genotyped for the LCT-13910 C > T polymorphism. Dietary intakes of reduced and full-fat dairy varieties were determined.

    RESULTS: LNP (CC genotype) subjects consumed less milk, soured milk and yoghurt compared to LP (CT/TT genotype) subjects (p<0.001). Subsequent partitioning for age group attenuated this observation (p=0.002 for children and p=0.023 in adolescents). Six subjects were reported by parents to be 'lactose intolerant', none of whom were LNP. LNP children and adolescents consumed significantly less reduced fat milk and milk products than LP children and adolescents (p=0.009 for children and p=0.001 for adolescents).

    CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that LP is linked to an overall higher milk and dairy intake, but is not linked to higher body fat mass in children and adolescents.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 19. Almon, Ricardo
    et al.
    Sjöström, Michael
    Nilsson, Torbjörn K
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical chemistry. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Örebro University Hospital and Department of Biomedicine, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University.
    Lactase non-persistence as a determinant of milk avoidance and calcium intake in children and adolescents2013In: Journal of nutritional science, ISSN 2048-6790, Vol. 2, no e26, p. 1-5Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study examines if lactase non-persistent (LNP) children and adolescents differ from those who are lactase persistent (LP) as regards milk avoidance and Ca intake. We also studied potential differences in anthropometric features related to obesity, and examined if milk avoidance is associated with lactasepersistence status. Additionally, we aimed to determine if heterozygous subjects showed an intermediary phenotype as regards Ca intake. Furthermore, we tested if LP and LNP influence vitamin D intake. The European Youth Heart Study is an ongoing international, multi-centre cohort study primarily designed to address CVD risk factors. Children (n 298, mean age 9·6 years) and adolescents (n 386, mean age 15·6 years) belonging to the Swedish part of the European Youth Heart Study were genotyped for the LCT-13910 C > T polymorphism. Mendelian randomisation was used. Milk avoidance was significantly more common in LNP adolescents (OR 3·2; 95% CI 1·5, 7·3). LP subjects had higher milk consumption (P < 0·001). Accordingly, energy consumption derived from milk and Ca intake was lower in LNP (P < 0·05 and P < 0·001, respectively). Heterozygous subjects did not show an intermediary phenotype concerning milk consumption. LP or LNP status did not affect vitamin D intake or anthropometric variables. LNP in children and adolescents is associated with reduced intake of milk and some milk-product-related nutritional components, in particular Ca. This reduced intake did not affect the studied anthropometric variables, indicators of body fat or estimated vitamin D intake. However, independently of genotype, age and sex, daily vitamin D intake was below the recommended intakes. Milk avoidance among adolescents but not children was associated with LNP.

  • 20.
    Andersen, Sofie T.
    et al.
    Department of Studies and Analysis, National Association against Eating Disorders and Self-Harm, Valby, Denmark.
    Linkhorst, Thea
    Forensic Mental Health Research Unit Middelfart, Department of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Middelfart, Denmark.
    Gildberg, Frederik A.
    Forensic Mental Health Research Unit Middelfart, Department of Regional Health Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Middelfart, Denmark; Psychiatric Department Middelfart, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Middelfart, Denmark.
    Sjögren, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry. Psychiatric Center Ballerup, Ballerup, Denmark.
    Why do women with eating disorders decline treatment? A qualitative study of barriers to specialized eating disorder treatment2021In: Nutrients, E-ISSN 2072-6643, Vol. 13, no 11, article id 4033Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Despite the fact that eating disorders (EDs) are conditions that are potentially life-threat-ening, many people decline treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate why women decline specialized ED treatment, including their viewpoints on treatment services. Eighteen semi-struc-tured qualitative interviews were conducted with women who had declined inpatient or outpatient specialized ED treatment. A thematic analysis revealed five main themes: (1) Disagreement on treatment needs, (2) rigid standard procedures, (3) failure to listen, (4) deprivation of identity, and (5) mistrust and fear. The women had declined ED treatment because they believed that treatment was only focused on nutritional rehabilitation and that it failed to address their self-identified needs. From their perspectives treatment was characterized by rigid standard procedures that could not be adapted to their individual situations and preferences. They felt that the therapists failed to listen to them, and they felt deprived of identity and reduced to an ED instead of a real person. This investigation is one of the first of its kind to provide clues as to how treatment could be moderated to better meet the needs of women who decline specialized ED treatment.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 21. Ankarfeldt, Mikkel Z.
    et al.
    Ängquist, Lars
    Stocks, Tanja
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology. Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases, Genetic Epidemiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Jakobsen, Marianne U.
    Overvad, Kim
    Halkjær, Jytte
    Saris, Wim H. M.
    Astrup, Arne
    Sørensen, Thorkild I. A.
    Body characteristics, dietary protein and body weight regulation. Reconciling conflicting results from intervention and observational studies?2014In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 9, no 7, p. e101134-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background/Objectives: Physiological evidence indicates that high-protein diets reduce caloric intake and increase thermogenic response, which may prevent weight gain and regain after weight loss. Clinical trials have shown such effects, whereas observational cohort studies suggest an association between greater protein intake and weight gain. In both types of studies the results are based on average weight changes, and show considerable diversity in both directions. This study investigates whether the discrepancy in the evidence could be due to recruitment of overweight and obese individuals into clinical trials. Subjects/Methods: Data were available from the European Diet, Obesity and Genes (DiOGenes) post-weight-loss weight-maintenance trial and the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health (DCH) cohort. Participants of the DCH cohort were matched with participants from the DiOGenes trial on gender, diet, and body characteristics. Different subsets of the DCH-participants, comparable with the trial participants, were analyzed for weight maintenance according to the randomization status (high or low protein) of the matched trial participants. Results: Trial participants were generally heavier, had larger waist circumference and larger fat mass than the participants in the entire DCH cohort. A better weight maintenance in the high-protein group compared to the low protein group was observed in the subgroups of the DCH cohort matching body characteristics of the trial participants. Conclusion: This modified observational study, minimized the differences between the RCT and observational data with regard to dietary intake, participant characteristics and statistical analysis. Compared with low protein diet the high protein diet was associated with better weight maintenance when individuals with greater body mass index and waist circumference were analyzed. Selecting subsets of large-scale observational cohort studies with similar characteristics as participants in clinical trials may reconcile the otherwise conflicting results.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 22. Appleton, Katherine Marie
    et al.
    Bray, Jeff
    Price, Sarah
    Liebchen, Gernot
    Jiang, Nan
    Mavridis, Ioannis
    Saulais, Laure
    Giboreau, Agnès
    Perez-Cueto, Federico J. A.
    Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Coolen, Rebecca
    Ronge, Manfred
    Hartwell, Heather
    A mobile phone app for the provision of personalized food-based information in an eating-out situation: development and initial evaluation2019In: JMIR Formative Research, E-ISSN 2561-326X, Vol. 3, no 4, article id e12966Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Increasing pressure from governments, public health bodies, and consumers is driving a need for increased food-based information provision in eating-out situations. Meals eaten outside the home are known to be less healthy than meals eaten at home, and consumers can complain of poor information on the health impact and allergen content of meals eaten out.

    Objective: This paper aimed to describe the development and early assessment of a mobile phone app that allows the provision of accurate personalized food-based information while considering individual characteristics (allergies, diet type, and preferences) to enable informed consumer choice when eating out.

    Methods: An app was designed and developed to address these requirements using an agile approach. The developed app was then evaluated at 8 public engagement events using the System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire and qualitative feedback.

    Results: Consideration of the literature and consultation with consumers revealed a need for information provision for consumers in the eating-out situation, including the ability to limit the information provided to that which was personally relevant or interesting. The app was designed to provide information to consumers on the dishes available in a workplace canteen and to allow consumers the freedom to personalize the app and choose the information that they received. Evaluation using the SUS questionnaire revealed positive responses to the app from a range of potential users, and qualitative comments demonstrated broad interest in its use.

    Conclusions: This paper details the successful development and early assessment of a novel mobile phone app designed to provide food-based information in an eating-out situation in a personalized manner.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 23. Arouca, Aline B.
    et al.
    Santaliestra-Pasías, Alba M.
    Moreno, Luis A.
    Marcos, Ascensión
    Widhalm, Kurt
    Molnár, Dénes
    Manios, Yannis
    Gottrand, Frederic
    Kafatos, Anthony
    Kersting, Mathilde
    Sjöström, Michael
    Sáinz, Ángel Gutiérrez
    Ferrari, Marika
    Huybrechts, Inge
    González-Gross, Marcela
    Forsner, Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing. School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden.
    De Henauw, Stefaan
    Michels, Nathalie
    Diet as a moderator in the association of sedentary behaviors with inflammatory biomarkers among adolescents in the HELENA study2019In: European Journal of Nutrition, ISSN 1436-6207, E-ISSN 1436-6215, Vol. 58, no 5, p. 2051-2065Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIM: To assess if a healthy diet might attenuate the positive sedentary-inflammation relation, whereas an unhealthy diet may increase the effect of sedentary behaviors on inflammatory biomarkers.

    METHODS: In 618 adolescents (13-17 years) of the European HELENA study, data were available on body composition, a set of inflammation markers, and food intake assessed by a self-administered computerized 24 h dietary recall for 2 days. A 9-point Mediterranean diet score and an antioxidant-rich diet z-score were used as dietary indices and tested as moderators. A set of low-grade inflammatory characteristics was used as outcome: several cytokines in an inflammatory ratio (IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, TGFβ-1), C-reactive protein, three cell-adhesion molecules (sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, sE-selectin), three cardiovascular risk markers (GGT, ALT, homocysteine) and three immune cell types (white blood cells, lymphocytes, CD3). Sedentary behaviors were self-reported and analyzed as total screen time. Multiple linear regression analyses tested moderation by diet in the sedentary behaviors-inflammation association adjusted for age, sex, country, adiposity (sum of six skinfolds), parental education, and socio-economic status.

    RESULTS: Both diet scores, Mediterranean and antioxidant-rich diet, were significant protective moderators in the effect of sedentary behaviors on alanine-transaminase enzyme (P = 0.014; P = 0.027), and on the pro/anti-inflammatory cytokine ratio (P = 0.001; P = 0.004), but not on other inflammatory parameters.

    CONCLUSION: A higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet or an antioxidant-rich diet may attenuate the onset of oxidative stress signs associated by sedentary behaviors, whereas a poor diet seems to increase inflammation.

  • 24. Arslanoglu, Sertac
    et al.
    Corpeleijn, Willemijn
    Moro, Guido
    Braegger, Christian
    Campoy, Cristina
    Colomb, Virginie
    Decsi, Tamas
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Fewtrell, Mary
    Hojsak, Iva
    Mihatsch, Walter
    Molgaard, Christian
    Shamir, Raanan
    Turck, Dominique
    van Goudoever, Johannes
    Donor Human Milk for Preterm Infants: Current Evidence and Research Directions2013In: Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition - JPGN, ISSN 0277-2116, E-ISSN 1536-4801, Vol. 57, no 4, p. 535-542Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The Committee on Nutrition of the European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition aims to document the existing evidence of the benefits and common concerns deriving from the use of donor human milk (DHM) in preterm infants. The comment also outlines gaps in knowledge and gives recommendations for practice and suggestions for future research directions. Protection against necrotizing enterocolitis is the major clinical benefit deriving from the use of DHM when compared with formula. Limited data also suggest unfortified DHM to be associated with improved feeding tolerance and with reduced cardiovascular risk factors during adolescence. Presence of a human milk bank (HMB) does not decrease breast-feeding rates at discharge, but decreases the use of formula during the first weeks of life. This commentary emphasizes that fresh own mother's milk (OMM) is the first choice in preterm infant feeding and strong efforts should be made to promote lactation. When OMM is not available, DHM is the recommended alternative. When neither OMM nor DHM is available, preterm formula should be used. DHM should be provided from an established HMB, which follows specific safety guidelines. Storage and processing of human milk reduces some biological components, which may diminish its health benefits. From a nutritional point of view, DHM, like HM, does not meet the requirements of preterm infants, necessitating a specific fortification regimen to optimize growth. Future research should focus on the improvement of milk processing in HMB, particularly of heat treatment; on the optimization of HM fortification; and on further evaluation of the potential clinical benefits of processed and fortified DHM.

  • 25. Arsov, S.
    et al.
    Trajceska, L.
    van Oeveren, W.
    Smit, A. J.
    Dzekova, P.
    Stegmayr, Bernd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine.
    Sikole, A.
    Rakhorst, G.
    Graaff, R.
    The influence of body mass index on the accumulation of advanced glycation end products in hemodialysis patients2015In: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0954-3007, E-ISSN 1476-5640, Vol. 69, no 3, p. 309-313Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The level of skin autofluorescence (AF) at a given moment is an independent predictor of mortality in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Skin AF is a measure of the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The aim of the study was to estimate the influence of nutrition on the 1-year increase of skin AF (Delta AF) in HD patients.

    SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 156 HD patients were enrolled in this study. Skin AF, body mass index (BMI), superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase, C-reactive protein, inter-cellular adhesion molecule-1, von Willebrand factor and heart-type fatty acid-binding protein were measured four times at intervals of approximately half a year. Data from the monthly routine blood analysis were also used. Daily calorie, protein and AGE intakes were assessed from food recordings over a period of 1 week.

    RESULTS: A J-shaped relation was found between baseline BMI and Delta AF (P = 0.01). The lowest point of the J-shaped curve is found for BMI = 24.3 kg/m(2). In the univariate analysis of the contributors to the 1-year Delta AF, we found that beside BMI = 24.3 kg/m(2), AGE and calorie intakes, as well as myeloperoxidase and HD vintage, had a P < 0.10. The sole independent predictor of the 1-year Delta AF was BMI = 24.3 kg/m(2) (P = 0.01).

    CONCLUSIONS: It appears that calorie, protein and AGE intakes hardly influence the 1-year Delta AF in HD patients. BMI of HD patients of around 24 kg/m(2) resulted in a lower 1-year Delta AF.

  • 26. Aschemann-Witzel, Jessica
    et al.
    Mulders, Maartje D.G.H.
    Janssen, Meike
    Perez-Cueto, Federico J. A.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science.
    Tipping the next customer on the shoulder?: A segmentation study and discussion of targeted marketing to further plant-rich dietary transition2023In: Cleaner and Responsible Consumption, E-ISSN 2666-7843, Vol. 11, article id 100154Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The agricultural sector is responsible for a large share of natural resource use and climate impact. A sustainable food system transition requires amongst others that a majority of consumers begins to eat more plant based. However, so far, only a niche or minority of consumers eats primarily plant based. With a conceptual background in positive tipping points in sustainability transitions and social network theory, this paper uses a segmentation analysis of representative consumer survey data in Denmark to characterize segments that differ in psychographic drivers or barriers of meat reduction. From the eight segments found, three are already part of the niche, three emerge as opposed to plant-based, but two are potential next consumers. We discuss how to trigger behaviour change towards eating more plant-rich in ways that match the segments potential motivations and barriers and contribute to literature and work on sustainable food systems transitions.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 27. Asli, Lene A.
    et al.
    Braaten, Tonje
    Olsen, Anja
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Overvad, Kim
    Nilsson, Lena Maria
    Umeå University, Arctic Research Centre at Umeå University. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Renstrom, Frida
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Sweden.
    Lund, Eiliv
    Skeie, Guri
    Potato consumption and risk of pancreatic cancer in the HELGA cohort2018In: British Journal of Nutrition, ISSN 0007-1145, E-ISSN 1475-2662, Vol. 119, no 12, p. 1408-1415Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Potatoes have been a staple food in many countries throughout the years. Potatoes have a high glycaemic index (GI) score, and high GI has been associated with several chronic diseases and cancers. Still, the research on potatoes and health is scarce and contradictive, and we identified no prospective studies that had investigated the association between potatoes as a single food and the risk of pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to prospectively investigate the association between potato consumption and pancreatic cancer among 114 240 men and women in the prospective HELGA cohort, using Cox proportional hazard models. Information on diet (validated FFQ's), lifestyle and health was collected by means of a questionnaire, and 221 pancreatic cancer cases were identified through cancer registries. The mean follow-up time was 11.4 (95 % CI 0.3, 169) years. High consumption of potatoes showed a non-significantly higher risk of pancreatic cancer in the adjusted model (hazard ratio (HR) 1.44; 95 % CI 0.93, 2.22, P-for trend 0.030) when comparing the highest v. the lowest quartile of potato consumption. In the sex-specific analyses, significant associations were found for females (HR 2.00; 95 % CI 1.07, 3.72, P-for trend 0.020), but not for males (HR 1.01; 95 % CI 0.56, 1.84, P-for trend 0.34). In addition, we explored the associations by spline regression, and the absence of dose-response effects was confirmed. In this study, high potato consumption was not consistently associated with a higher risk of pancreatic cancer. Further studies with larger populations are needed to explore the possible sex difference.

  • 28. Assi, Nada
    et al.
    Moskal, Aurelie
    Slimani, Nadia
    Viallon, Vivian
    Chajes, Veronique
    Freisling, Heinz
    Monni, Stefano
    Knueppel, Sven
    Foerster, Jana
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    Lujan-Barroso, Leila
    Amiano, Pilar
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Molina-Montes, Esther
    Salmeron, Diego
    Ramon Quiros, Jose
    Olsen, Anja
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Dahm, Christina C.
    Overvad, Kim
    Dossus, Laure
    Fournier, Agnes
    Baglietto, Laura
    Fortner, Renee Turzanski
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Bamia, Christina
    Orfanos, Philippos
    De Magistris, Maria Santucci
    Masala, Giovanna
    Agnoli, Claudia
    Ricceri, Fulvio
    Tumino, Rosario
    de Mesquita, H. Bas Bueno
    Bakker, Marije F.
    Peeters, Petra H. M.
    Skeie, Guri
    Braaten, Tonje
    Winkvist, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Johansson, Ingegerd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nicholas J.
    Key, Tim
    Travis, Ruth
    Schmidt, Julie A.
    Merritt, Melissa A.
    Riboli, Elio
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Ferrari, Pietro
    A treelet transform analysis to relate nutrient patterns to the risk of hormonal receptor-defined breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)2016In: Public Health Nutrition, ISSN 1368-9800, E-ISSN 1475-2727, Vol. 19, no 2, p. 242-254Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective Pattern analysis has emerged as a tool to depict the role of multiple nutrients/foods in relation to health outcomes. The present study aimed at extracting nutrient patterns with respect to breast cancer (BC) aetiology. Design Nutrient patterns were derived with treelet transform (TT) and related to BC risk. TT was applied to twenty-three log-transformed nutrient densities from dietary questionnaires. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals computed using Cox proportional hazards models quantified the association between quintiles of nutrient pattern scores and risk of overall BC, and by hormonal receptor and menopausal status. Principal component analysis was applied for comparison. Setting The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Subjects Women (n 334 850) from the EPIC study. Results The first TT component (TC1) highlighted a pattern rich in nutrients found in animal foods loading on cholesterol, protein, retinol, vitamins B-12 and D, while the second TT component (TC2) reflected a diet rich in -carotene, riboflavin, thiamin, vitamins C and B-6, fibre, Fe, Ca, K, Mg, P and folate. While TC1 was not associated with BC risk, TC2 was inversely associated with BC risk overall (HRQ5 v. Q1=089, 95 % CI 083, 095, P-trend<001) and showed a significantly lower risk in oestrogen receptor-positive (HRQ5 v. Q1=089, 95 % CI 081, 098, P-trend=002) and progesterone receptor-positive tumours (HRQ5 v. Q1=087, 95 % CI 077, 098, P-trend<001). Conclusions TT produces readily interpretable sparse components explaining similar amounts of variation as principal component analysis. Our results suggest that participants with a nutrient pattern high in micronutrients found in vegetables, fruits and cereals had a lower risk of BC.

  • 29. Axling, Ulrika
    et al.
    Önning, Gunilla
    Combs, Maile A.
    Bogale, Alemtsehay
    Högström, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Orthopaedics. Sports Medicine Umeå AB.
    Svensson, Michael B.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Section of Sports Medicine.
    The Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum299v on Iron Status and Physical Performance in Female Iron-Deficient Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Trial2020In: Nutrients, E-ISSN 2072-6643, Vol. 12, no 5, article id 1279Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Iron is an essential micronutrient for oxygen transport and mitochondrial metabolism and is critical for physical performance. Compromised iron stores are more commonly found among athletes, and females are especially at risk. Iron deficiency is generally treated using oral iron supplements. However, only a small proportion of ingested iron is absorbed, necessitating higher intakes, which may result in adverse side effects, reduced compliance, and inefficient repletion of iron stores. The probiotic strainLactobacillus plantarum299v (Lp299v) significantly increases intestinal iron absorption in meal studies. The present study was conducted to explore the effects of 20 mg of iron with or without Lp299v on iron status, mood state, and physical performance. Fifty-three healthy non-anemic female athletes with low iron stores (ferritin < 30 mu g/L) were randomized, and 39 completed the study. Intake of Lp299v with iron for four weeks increased ferritin levels more than iron alone (13.6 vs. 8.2 mu g/L), but the difference between the groups was not significant (p= 0.056). The mean reticulocyte hemoglobin content increased after intake of Lp299v compared to control (1.5 vs. 0.82 pg) after 12 weeks, but the difference between the group was not significant (p= 0.083). The Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire showed increased vigor with Lp299v vs. iron alone after 12 weeks (3.5 vs. 0.1,p= 0.015). No conclusive effects on physical performance were observed. In conclusion, Lp299v, together with 20 mg of iron, could result in a more substantial and rapid improvement in iron status and improved vigor compared to 20 mg of iron alone. A larger clinical trial is needed to further explore these findings as well as the impact of Lp299v on physical performance.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 30.
    Ayob, Leith
    et al.
    Sunderby sjukhus, Luleå, Sverige.
    Brännström, Ingrid
    Sunderby sjukhus, Luleå, Sverige.
    Ott, Michael
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Werneke, Ursula
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry.
    ABC om Wernickes encefalopati2022In: Psykoser och andra psykosliknande tillstånd, Stockholm: Läkartidningen Förlag AB , 2022, p. 86-93Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 31. Azadbakht, Leila
    et al.
    Kimiagar, Masoud
    Mehrabi, Yadollah
    Esmaillzadeh, Ahmad
    Padyab, Mojgan
    School of Public Health, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.
    Hu, Frank B
    Willett, Walter C
    Soy inclusion in the diet improves features of the metabolicsyndrome: a randomized crossover study in postmenopausal women2007In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0002-9165, E-ISSN 1938-3207, Vol. 85, no 3, p. 735-741Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Little evidence exists regarding the effects of soyconsumption on the metabolic syndrome in humans.Objective: We aimed to determine the effects of soy consumptionon components of the metabolic syndrome, plasma lipids, lipoproteins,insulin resistance, and glycemic control in postmenopausalwomen with the metabolic syndrome.Design: This randomized crossover clinical trial was undertaken in42 postmenopausal women with the metabolic syndrome. Participantswere randomly assigned to consume a control diet (DietaryApproaches to Stop Hypertension, DASH), a soy-protein diet, or asoy-nut diet, each for 8 wk. Red meat in the DASH period wasreplaced by soy-protein in the soy-protein period and by soy-nut inthe soy-nut period.Results: The soy-nut regimen decreased the homeostasis model ofassessment-insulin resistance score significantly compared with thesoy-protein (difference in percentage change:7.40.8; P0.01)or control (12.9 0.9; P 0.01) diets. Consumption of soy-nutalso reduced fasting plasma glucose more significantly than did thesoy-protein (5.30.5%; P0.01) or control (5.10.6%; P0.01) diet. The soy-nut regimen decreased LDL cholesterol morethan did the soy-protein period (5.0 0.6%; P 0.01) and thecontrol (9.5 0.6%; P 0.01) diet. Soy-nut consumptionsignificantly reduced serum C-peptide concentrations comparedwith control diet (8.0 2.1; P 0.01), but consumption ofsoy-protein did not.Conclusion: Short-term soy-nut consumption improved glycemiccontrol and lipid profiles in postmenopausal women with the metabolicsyndrome.

  • 32. Bakker, Marije F.
    et al.
    Peeters, Petra H. M.
    Klaasen, Veronique M.
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas
    Jansen, Eugene H. J. M.
    Ros, Martine M.
    Travier, Noemie
    Olsen, Anja
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Overvad, Kim
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Brennan, Paul
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Perquier, Florence
    Cadeau, Claire
    Boeing, Heiner
    Aleksandrova, Krasimira
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Kühn, Tilman
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Lagiou, Pagona
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Vineis, Paolo
    Krogh, Vittorio
    Panico, Salvatore
    Masala, Giovanna
    Tumino, Rosario
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    Skeie, Guri
    Lund, Eiliv
    Ramon Quirós, J.
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Navarro, Carmen
    Amiano, Pilar
    Sánchez, María-José
    Buckland, Genevieve
    Ericson, Ulrika
    Sonestedt, Emily
    Johansson, Matthias
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
    Sund, Malin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery.
    Travis, Ruth C.
    Key, Timothy J.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Wareham, Nick
    Riboli, Elio
    van Gils, Carla H.
    Plasma carotenoids, vitamin C, tocopherols, and retinol and the risk of breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort2016In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0002-9165, E-ISSN 1938-3207, Vol. 103, no 2, p. 454-464Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Carotenoids and vitamin C are thought to be associated with reduced cancer risk because of their antioxidative capacity.

    Objective: This study evaluated the associations of plasma carotenoid, retinol, tocopherol, and vitamin C concentrations and risk of breast cancer.

    Design: In a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort, 1502 female incident breast cancer cases were included, with an oversampling of premenopausal (n = 582) and estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) cases (n = 462). Controls (n = 1502) were individually matched to cases by using incidence density sampling. Prediagnostic samples were analyzed for alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin, retinol, alpha-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol, and 454 vitamin C. Breast cancer risk was computed according to hormone receptor status and age at diagnosis (proxy for menopausal status) by using conditional logistic regression and was further stratified by smoking status, alcohol consumption, and body mass index (BMI). All statistical tests were 2-sided.

    Results: In quintile 5 compared with quintile 1, alpha-carotene (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.39, 0.98) and beta-carotene (OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.65) were inversely associated with risk of ER- breast tumors. The other analytes were not statistically associated with ER- breast cancer. For estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) tumors, no statistically significant associations were found. The test for heterogeneity between ER- and ER+ tumors was statistically significant only for beta-carotene (P-heterogeneity = 0.03). A higher risk of breast cancer was found for retinol in relation to ER-/progesterone receptor-negative tumors (OR: 2.37; 95% CI: 1.20, 4.67; P-heterogeneity with ER+/progesterone receptor positive = 0.06). We observed no statistically significant interaction between smoking, alcohol, or BMI and all investigated plasma analytes (based on tertile distribution).

    Conclusion: Our results indicate that higher concentrations of plasma beta-carotene and alpha-carotene are associated with lower breast cancer risk of ER tumors.

  • 33. Bamia, Christina
    et al.
    Trichopoulos, Dimitrios
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Overvad, Kim
    Bjerregaard, Lone
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Halkjaer, Jytte
    Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise
    Kesse, Emmanuelle
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Boffetta, Paolo
    Nagel, Gabriele
    Linseisen, Jacob
    Boeing, Heiner
    Hoffmann, Kurt
    Kasapa, Christina
    Orfanou, Anastasia
    Travezea, Chrysoula
    Slimani, Nadia
    Norat, Teresa
    Palli, Domenico
    Pala, Valeria
    Panico, Salvatore
    Tumino, Rosario
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas
    Waijers, Patricia M C M
    Peeters, Petra H M
    van der Schouw, Yvonne T
    Berenguer, Antonio
    Martinez-Garcia, Carmen
    Navarro, Carmen
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Dorronsoro, Miren
    Berglund, Göran
    Wirfält, Elisabet
    Johansson, Ingegerd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology.
    Johansson, Gerd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Bingham, Sheila
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Spencer, Elizabeth A
    Key, Tim
    Riboli, Elio
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Dietary patterns and survival of older Europeans: the EPIC-Elderly Study (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition)2007In: Public Health Nutrition, ISSN 1368-9800, E-ISSN 1475-2727, Vol. 10, no 6, p. 590-598Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To investigate the association of a posteriori dietary patterns with overall survival of older Europeans.

    Design and setting: This is a multi-centre cohort study. Cox regression analysis was used to investigate the association of the prevailing, a posteriori-derived, plant-based dietary pattern with all-cause mortality in a population of subjects who were 60 years or older at recruitment to the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Elderly cohort). Analyses controlled for all known potential risk factors.

    Subjects: In total, 74 607 men and women, 60 years or older at enrolment and without previous coronary heart disease, stroke or cancer, with complete information about dietary intakes and potentially confounding variables, and with known survival status as of December 2003, were included in the analysis.

    Results: An increase in the score which measures the adherence to the plant-based diet was associated with a lower overall mortality, a one standard deviation increment corresponding to a statistically significant reduction of 14% (95% confidence interval 5–23%). In country-specific analyses the apparent association was stronger in Greece, Spain, Denmark and The Netherlands, and absent in the UK and Germany.

    Conclusions: Greater adherence to the plant-based diet that was defined a posteriori in this population of European elders is associated with lower all-cause mortality. This dietary score is moderately positively correlated with the Modified Mediterranean Diet Score that has been constructed a priori and was also shown to be beneficial for the survival of the same EPIC-Elderly cohort.

  • 34. Barman, Malin
    et al.
    Nilsson, Staffan
    Torinsson Naluai, Åsa
    Sandin, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Wold, Agnes E
    Sandberg, Ann-Sofie
    Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the FADS Gene Cluster but not the ELOVL2 Gene are Associated with Serum Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Composition and Development of Allergy (in a Swedish Birth Cohort)2015In: Nutrients, E-ISSN 2072-6643, Vol. 7, no 12, p. 10100-10115Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Exposure to polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) influences immune function and may affect the risk of allergy development. Long chain PUFAs are produced from dietary precursors catalyzed by desaturases and elongases encoded by FADS and ELOVL genes. In 211 subjects, we investigated whether polymorphisms in the FADS gene cluster and the ELOVL2 gene were associated with allergy or PUFA composition in serum phospholipids in a Swedish birth-cohort sampled at birth and at 13 years of age; allergy was diagnosed at 13 years of age. Minor allele carriers of rs102275 and rs174448 (FADS gene cluster) had decreased proportions of 20:4 n-6 in cord and adolescent serum and increased proportions of 20:3 n-6 in cord serum as well as a nominally reduced risk of developing atopic eczema, but not respiratory allergy, at 13 years of age. Minor allele carriers of rs17606561 in the ELOVL2 gene had nominally decreased proportions of 20:4 n-6 in cord serum but ELOVL polymorphisms (rs2236212 and rs17606561) were not associated with allergy development. Thus, reduced capacity to desaturase n-6 PUFAs due to FADS polymorphisms was nominally associated with reduced risk for eczema development, which could indicate a pathogenic role for long-chain PUFAs in allergy development.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 35.
    Barman, Malin
    et al.
    Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Stråvik, Mia
    Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Broberg, Karin
    Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Sandin, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Wold, Agnes E.
    Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Sandberg, Ann-Sofie
    Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Proportions of polyunsaturated fatty acids in umbilical cord blood at birth are related to atopic eczema development in the first year of life2021In: Nutrients, E-ISSN 2072-6643, Vol. 13, no 11, article id 3779Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Atopic eczema, the most common atopic disease in infants, may pave the way for sensitization and allergy later in childhood. Fatty acids have immune-regulating properties and may regulate skin permeability. Here we examine whether the proportions of fatty acids among the infant and maternal plasma phospholipids at birth were associated with maternal dietary intake during pregnancy and development of atopic eczema during the first year of age in the Nutritional impact on Immunological maturation during Childhood in relation to the Environment (NICE) birth cohort. Dietary data were collected with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, fatty acids were measured with GC-MS and atopic eczema was diagnosed by a pediatric allergologist at 12 months of age. We found that higher proportions of n-6 PUFAs (including arachidonic acid) but lower proportions of n-3 PUFAs (including DPA) in the infant’s phospholipids at birth were associated with an increased risk of atopic eczema at 12 months of age. The n-6 and n-3 PUFAs were related to maternal intake of meat and fish, respectively. Our results suggest that prenatal exposure to unsaturated fatty acids is associated with eczema development in the infant. Maternal diet during pregnancy may partly explain the fatty acid profiles in utero.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 36. Batura, Neha
    et al.
    Hill, Zelee
    Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan
    Lingam, Raghu
    Colbourn, Timothy
    Kim, Sungwook
    Sikander, Siham
    Pulkki-Brännström, Anni-Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health. Institute for Global Health, University College London.
    Rahman, Atif
    Kirkwood, Betty
    Skordis-Worrall, Jolene
    Highlighting the evidence gap: how cost-effective are interventions to improve early childhood nutrition and development?2015In: Health Policy and Planning, ISSN 0268-1080, E-ISSN 1460-2237, Vol. 30, no 6, p. 813-821Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There is growing evidence of the effectiveness of early childhood interventions to improve the growth and development of children. Although, historically, nutrition and stimulation interventions may have been delivered separately, they are increasingly being tested as a package of early childhood interventions that synergistically improve outcomes over the life course. However, implementation at scale is seldom possible without first considering the relative cost and cost-effectiveness of these interventions. An evidence gap in this area may deter large-scale implementation, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. We conduct a literature review to establish what is known about the cost-effectiveness of early childhood nutrition and development interventions. A set of predefined search terms and exclusion criteria standardized the search across five databases. The search identified 15 relevant articles. Of these, nine were from studies set in high-income countries and six in low- and middle-income countries. The articles either calculated the cost-effectiveness of nutrition-specific interventions (n = 8) aimed at improving child growth, or parenting interventions (stimulation) to improve early childhood development (n = 7). No articles estimated the cost-effectiveness of combined interventions. Comparing results within nutrition or stimulation interventions, or between nutrition and stimulation interventions was largely prevented by the variety of outcome measures used in these analyses. This article highlights the need for further evidence relevant to low- and middle-income countries. To facilitate comparison of cost-effectiveness between studies, and between contexts where appropriate, a move towards a common outcome measure such as the cost per disability-adjusted life years averted is advocated. Finally, given the increasing number of combined nutrition and stimulation interventions being tested, there is a significant need for evidence of cost-effectiveness for combined programmes. This too would be facilitated by the use of a common outcome measure able to pool the impact of both nutrition and stimulation activities.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 37. Bendinelli, B.
    et al.
    Palli, D.
    Masala, G.
    Sharp, S. J.
    Schulze, M. B.
    Guevara, M.
    van der A, D. L.
    Sera, F.
    Amiano, P.
    Balkau, B.
    Barricarte, A.
    Boeing, H.
    Crowe, F. L.
    Dahm, C. C.
    Dalmeijer, G.
    de Lauzon-Guillain, B.
    Egeberg, R.
    Fagherazzi, G.
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine. Department of Clinical Sciences, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Krogh, V.
    Huerta, J. M.
    Jakszyn, P.
    Khaw, K. T.
    Li, K.
    Mattiello, A.
    Nilsson, P. M.
    Overvad, K.
    Ricceri, F.
    Rodríguez-Suárez, L.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine.
    Sánchez, M. J.
    Slimani, N.
    Sluijs, I.
    Spijkerman, A. M. W.
    Teucher, B.
    Tjonneland, A.
    Tumino, R.
    van den Berg, S. W.
    Forouhi, N. G.
    Langenberg, C.
    Feskens, E. J. M.
    Riboli, E.
    Wareham, N. J.
    Association between dietary meat consumption and incident type 2 diabetes: the EPIC-InterAct study2013In: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 56, no 1, p. 47-59Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims/hypothesis: A diet rich in meat has been reported to contribute to the risk of type 2 diabetes. The present study aims to investigate the association between meat consumption and incident type 2 diabetes in the EPIC-InterAct study, a large prospective case-cohort study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.

    Methods: During 11.7 years of follow-up, 12,403 incident cases of type 2 diabetes were identified among 340,234 adults from eight European countries. A centre-stratified random subsample of 16,835 individuals was selected in order to perform a case-cohort design. Prentice-weighted Cox regression analyses were used to estimate HR and 95% CI for incident diabetes according to meat consumption.

    Results: Overall, multivariate analyses showed significant positive associations with incident type 2 diabetes for increasing consumption of total meat (50 g increments: HR 1.08; 95% CI 1.05, 1.12), red meat (HR 1.08; 95% CI 1.03, 1.13) and processed meat (HR 1.12; 95% CI 1.05, 1.19), and a borderline positive association with meat iron intake. Effect modifications by sex and class of BMI were observed. In men, the results of the overall analyses were confirmed. In women, the association with total and red meat persisted, although attenuated, while an association with poultry consumption also emerged (HR 1.20; 95% CI 1.07, 1.34). These associations were not evident among obese participants.

    Conclusions/interpretation: This prospective study confirms a positive association between high consumption of total and red meat and incident type 2 diabetes in a large cohort of European adults.

  • 38. Benetou, Vassiliki
    et al.
    Orfanos, Philippos
    Feskanich, Diane
    Michaëlsson, Karl
    Pettersson-Kymmer, Ulrika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Pharmacology.
    Eriksson, Sture
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation.
    Grodstein, Francine
    Wolk, Alicja
    Bellavia, Andrea
    Ahmed, Luai A
    Boffeta, Paolo
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Hip Fracture Incidence in Older Men and Women: The CHANCES Project2016In: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, ISSN 0884-0431, E-ISSN 1523-4681, Vol. 31, no 9, p. 1743-1752Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The role of fruit and vegetable intake in relation to fracture prevention during adulthood and beyond is not adequately understood. We investigated the potential association between fruit and vegetable intake and hip fracture incidence in a large sample of elderly from Europe and United States. A total of 142,018 individuals (among which 116,509 women), aged ≥60 years old, from five cohorts, were followed-up prospectively for 1,911,482 person-years accumulating 5,552 hip fractures. Fruit and vegetable intake was assessed by validated, cohort-specific, food-frequency questionnaires. Ηip fractures were ascertained through national patient registers or telephone interviews/questionnaires. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) derived by Cox proportional-hazards regression were estimated for each cohort and subsequently pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Intake of ≤ 1 servings/day of fruit and vegetables combined was associated with 39% higher hip fracture risk [pooled adjusted HR:1.39, 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs): 1.20, 1.58] in comparison to moderate intake (>3 and ≤5 servings/day) (pfor heterogeneity  = 0.505), whereas higher intakes (>5 servings/day) were not associated with lower risk in comparison to the same reference. Associations were more evident among women. We concluded that a daily intake of one or less servings of fruits and vegetables was associated with increased hip fracture risk in relation to moderate daily intakes. Older adults with such low fruit and vegetable consumption may benefit from raising their intakes to moderate amounts in order to reduce their hip fracture risk. 

  • 39. Berendsen, Agnes A M
    et al.
    Kang, Jae H
    van de Rest, Ondine
    Jankovic, Nicole
    Kampman, Ellen
    Kiefte-de Jong, Jessica C
    Franco, Oscar H
    Ikram, M Arfan
    Pikhart, Hynek
    Nilsson, Lena Maria
    Umeå University, Arctic Research Centre at Umeå University. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Brenner, Hermann
    Boffetta, Paolo
    Rafnsson, Snorri Bjorn
    Gustafson, Deborah
    Kyrozis, Andreas
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Feskens, Edith J M
    Grodstein, Francine
    de Groot, Lisette C P G M
    Association of Adherence to a Healthy Diet with Cognitive Decline in European and American Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis within the CHANCES Consortium2017In: Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, ISSN 1420-8008, E-ISSN 1421-9824, Vol. 43, no 3-4, p. 215-227Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    AIM: To examine the association between a healthy diet, assessed by the Healthy Diet Indicator (HDI), and cognitive decline in older adults. METHODS: Data from 21,837 participants aged ≥55 years from 3 cohorts (Survey in Europe on Nutrition and the Elderly, a Concerted Action [SENECA], Rotterdam Study [RS], Nurses' Health Study [NHS]) were analyzed. HDI scores were based on intakes of saturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, mono- and disaccharides, protein, cholesterol, fruits and vegetables, and fiber. The Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status in NHS and Mini-Mental State Examination in RS and SENECA were used to assess cognitive function from multiple repeated measures. Using multivariable-adjusted, mixed linear regression, mean differences in annual rates of cognitive decline by HDI quintiles were estimated. RESULTS: Multivariable-adjusted differences in rates in the highest versus the lowest HDI quintile were 0.01 (95% CI -0.01, 0.02) in NHS, 0.00 (95% CI -0.02, 0.01) in RS, and 0.00 (95% CI -0.05, 0.05) in SENECA with a pooled estimate of 0.00 (95% CI -0.01, 0.01), I2 = 0%. CONCLUSIONS: A higher HDI score was not related to reduced rates of cognitive decline in European and American older adults.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 40.
    Berggren, Linda
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Olsson, Cecilia
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Talvia, S.
    Hörnell, Agneta
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Rönnlund, Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of applied educational science.
    Waling, Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    The lived experiences of school lunch: an empathy-based study with children in Sweden2020In: Children's Geographies, ISSN 1473-3285, E-ISSN 1473-3277, Vol. 18, no 3, p. 339-350Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    School lunch is in general regulated through policies and agendas constituted by the perspectives of adults. In this article, we focus on children’s lived experiences of school lunch with a special emphasis on emotions and how they relate to social and physical dimensions. This study draws on empathy-based stories written by 10–11 year olds (n = 171) from schools in Sweden. We identified three themes: Interaction and exposure, Routines and restrictions and Food and eating. The children’s lived experiences of school lunch and the emotions attached to them are closely associated and intertwined with the socio-spatial dimension of school lunch. A pleasant meal experience seems to require harmonization between the physical and social space whilst negative experiences contain tensions between them, something that actors working with school lunch and school lunch environments should take in consideration when resourcing, planning and scheduling school lunch, and also when designing new school restaurants.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 41.
    Berggren, Linda
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Talvia, Sanna
    Child and Youth Research institute, Turku, Finland,.
    Fossgard, Eldbjørg
    Faculty of Education, Bergen University College, Bergren, Norway,.
    Björk Arnfjörð, Unnur
    School of Education, University of Iceland.
    Hörnell, Agneta
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Ólafsdóttir, Anna
    School of Education, University of Iceland.
    Gunnarsdóttir, Ingibjörg
    The National University Hospital of Iceland , Unit for Nutrition Research, Reykjavik, Iceland.
    Wergedahl, Hege
    Faculty of Education, Bergen University College, Bergren, Norway,.
    Lagström, Hanna
    University of Turku, Turku Institute of Child and Youth Research, Turku, Finland.
    Waling, Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Olsson, Cecilia
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Perspectives about health outcomes related to food among Nordic children2016Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Perspectives about health outcomes related to food among Nordic children

    Linda Berggren* 1, Sanna Talvia2, Eldbjørg Fossgard3, Unnur Björk Arnfjörð4, Agneta Hörnell 1, Anna Ólafsdóttir 4,Ingibjörg Gunnarsdóttir 5, Hege Wergedahl 3, Hanna Lagström 6, Maria Waling1, Cecilia Olsson1

    1Umeå University, Department of food and nutrition, Umeå, Sweden, 2Child and Youth Research institute, Turku, Finland,3Faculty of Education, Bergen University College, Bergren, Norway, 4School of Education, University of Iceland, 5TheNational University Hospital of Iceland , Unit for Nutrition Research, Reykjavik, Iceland, 6University of Turku, TurkuInstitute of Child and Youth Research, Turku, Finland

    Preferred presentation type: Only Poster

    Background and aims: Dietary intake in school has previously been studied but little is known about Nordic children’sperspectives on food healthiness in the school lunch context. This study aims to explore 10-year-old Nordic children’sperspectives on outcomes of healthy eating in the school lunch context.

    Methods: Seventy-two focus groups were conducted in Sweden, Finland, Norway and Iceland with a total of 423participants. A flexible topic guide and 14 preselected photos displaying different school lunch contexts were used asstimuli material. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using thematic analysis.

    Results: Children reasoned that school lunch are and should be healthy since the food eaten at school has short andlong term outcomes related to cognitive and physical health. It was commonly expressed that food eaten in school affectsschool work and functioning in learning activities. It was also stated that food eaten in school can have negative andpositive effects on your mood, e.g. eating unhealthy food or an insufficient amount of food, puts you in a bad mood whichcan affect the rest of the school day. The discussions mainly relied on negative short term effects such as feeling ill andreduced stamina. Some food and food groups such as vegetables, milk and fish, were mentioned in a more positivesense highlighting the positive short- and long term outcomes on health. When describing the long-term outcomes ofeating, children mentioned that healthy eating helps to build muscles, grow and prevent diseases, such as cancer anddiabetes. Sugar and fat was frequently mentioned as being the cause of overweight and some other diseases.

    Conclusion: In general, Nordic children have an adequate understanding of established relations between food andhealth. Yet, we know that many pupils do not eat according to recommendations. This highlights the importance of takingthe complexity of food choice into consideration in nutritional education.

    Disclosure of Interest: None to declare

  • 42.
    Bergh, Cecilia
    et al.
    Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Landberg, Rikard
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine. Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Andersson, Kristina
    Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Glucanova AB, Lund, Sweden.
    Heyman-Lindén, Lovisa
    Molecular Nutrition, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Berry Lab AB, Lund, Sweden.
    Rascón, Ana
    Glucanova AB, Lund, Sweden; Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Magnuson, Anders
    Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Khalili, Payam
    Department of Cardiology and Acute Internal Medicine, Central Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Kåregren, Amra
    Department of Medicine, Hospital Region Västmanland, Västerås, Sweden.
    Nilsson, Johan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Pirazzi, Carlo
    Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Erlinge, David
    Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Fröbert, Ole
    Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Effects of Bilberry and Oat intake on lipids, inflammation and exercise capacity after Acute Myocardial Infarction (BIOAMI): study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial2021In: Trials, E-ISSN 1745-6215, Vol. 22, no 1, article id 338Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Bilberries from Sweden, rich in polyphenols, have shown cholesterol-lowering effects in small studies, and the cholesterol-lowering properties of oats, with abundant beta-glucans and potentially bioactive phytochemicals, are well established. Both may provide cardiometabolic benefits following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), but large studies of adequate statistical power and appropriate duration are needed to confirm clinically relevant treatment effects. No previous study has evaluated the potential additive or synergistic effects of bilberry combined with oats on cardiometabolic risk factors. Our primary objective is to assess cardioprotective effects of diet supplementation with dried bilberry or with bioprocessed oat bran, with a secondary explorative objective of assessing their combination, compared with a neutral isocaloric reference supplement, initiated within 5 days following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for AMI.

    Methods: The effects of Bilberry and Oat intake on lipids, inflammation and exercise capacity after Acute Myocardial Infarction (BIOAMI) trial is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. A total of 900 patients will be randomized post-PCI to one of four dietary intervention arms. After randomization, subjects will receive beverages with bilberry powder (active), beverages with high-fiber bioprocessed oat bran (active), beverages with bilberry and oats combined (active), or reference beverages containing no active bilberry or active oats, for consumption twice daily during a 3-month intervention. The primary endpoint is the difference in LDL cholesterol change between the intervention groups after 3 months. The major secondary endpoint is exercise capacity at 3 months. Other secondary endpoints include plasma concentrations of biochemical markers of inflammation, metabolomics, and gut microbiota composition after 3 months.

    Discussion: Controlling hyperlipidemia and inflammation is critical to preventing new cardiovascular events, but novel pharmacological treatments for these conditions are expensive and associated with negative side effects. If bilberry and/or oat, in addition to standard medical therapy, can lower LDL cholesterol and inflammation more than standard therapy alone, this could be a cost-effective and safe dietary strategy for secondary prevention after AMI.

    Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03620266. Registered on August 8, 2018.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 43.
    Bergh, Kurt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Kost, gener och träning är nyckeln till ökad prestation2005In: Svensk idrottsmedicin, ISSN 1103-7652, Vol. 24, no 2, p. 4-9Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    Kosten kan liksom fysisk aktivitet påverka våra gener. Gentranskriptionen påverkas olika beroende på kostens sammansättning och med rätt kunskap kan kosten öka den fysiska prestationsförmågan och göra återhämtningen mer effektiv.

  • 44.
    Berglund, Staffan K.
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine at Umeå University (WCMM). Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Iron deficiency in infancy: current insights2021In: Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care, ISSN 1363-1950, E-ISSN 1473-6519, Vol. 24, no 3, p. 240-245Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Iron deficiency is the most common micronutrient deficiency and infants are at particular risk. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent studies that explored the metabolism of iron in infants as well as the risks and benefits of iron supplementation in different populations.

    RECENT FINDINGS: The ability of infants to regulate iron homeostasis is not fully known but most likely different from adults. Reducing iron deficiency has beneficial effects on neurodevelopment but iron overload may have adverse functional effects including diarrhea and even poor neurodevelopment. Recent studies have confirmed benefits of delayed cord clamping and supplementation of infants in risk groups while iron supplementation to pregnant women has shown limited effect in the offspring with regard to iron status and neurodevelopment. Further support is given to the recommendation that exclusive breast feeding, without supplementation, is safe for normal birth weight infants until 6 months whereafter an iron-rich diet should be given.

    SUMMARY: Iron deficiency negatively impacts global health but efforts to identify optimal interventions are progressing. Yet, questions remain, particularly regarding long-term risks, benefits and optimal interventions for low birth weight infants as well as the level of iron fortification in infant formula.

  • 45.
    Berglund, Staffan K.
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics. EURISTIKOS Excellence Centre for Paediatric Research, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
    Torres-Espinola, Francisco J.
    Garcia-Valdes, Luz
    Teresa Segura, Ma
    Martinez-Zaldivar, Cristina
    Padilla, Carmen
    Rueda, Ricardo
    Petez Garcia, Miguel
    McArdle, Harry J.
    Campoy, Cristina
    The impacts of maternal iron deficiency and being overweight during pregnancy on neurodevelopment of the offspring2017In: British Journal of Nutrition, ISSN 0007-1145, E-ISSN 1475-2662, Vol. 118, no 7, p. 533-540Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Both maternal Fe deficiency (ID) and being overweight or obese (Ow/Ob, BMI >= 25 kg/m(2)) may negatively affect offspring brain development. However, the two risk factors correlate and their independent effects on infant neurodevelopment are unclear. PREOBE is a prospective observational study that included 331 pregnant Spanish women, of whom 166 had pre-gestational Ow/Ob. Fe status was analysed at 34 weeks and at delivery, and babies were assessed using Bayley III scales of neurodevelopment at 18 months. In confounder-adjusted analyses, maternal ID at 34 weeks was associated with lower composite motor scores at 18 months (mean 113.3 (SD 9.9) v. 117.1 (SD 9.2), P=0.039). Further, the offspring of mothers with ID at delivery had lower cognitive scores (114.0 (SD 9.7) v. 121.5 (SD 10.9), P = 0.039) and lower receptive, expressive and composite (99.5 (SD 8.6) v. 107.6 (SD 8.3), P= 0.004) language scores. The negative associations between maternal ID at delivery and Bayley scores remained even when adjusting for maternal Ow/Ob and gestational diabetes. Similarly, maternal Ow/Ob correlated with lower gross motor scores in the offspring (12.3 (SD 2.0) v. 13.0 (SD 2.1), P = 0.037), a correlation that remained when adjusting for maternal ID. In conclusion, maternal ID and pre-gestational Ow/Ob are both negatively associated with Bayley scores at 18 months, but independently and on different subscales. These results should be taken into account when considering Fe supplementation for pregnant women.

  • 46.
    Berglund, Staffan K
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Westrup, Björn
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Iron Supplementation Until 6 Months Protects Marginally Low-Birth-Weight Infants From Iron Deficiency During Their First Year of Life2015In: Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition - JPGN, ISSN 0277-2116, E-ISSN 1536-4801, Vol. 60, no 3, p. 390-395Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives: Low-birth-weight (LBW) infants (<2500 g) have an increased risk of iron deficiency (ID) during their first 6 months of life. The optimal dose and duration of iron supplementation to LBW infants are, however, unknown. The objective of the present study was to investigate the long-term effect on iron status and growth in marginally LBW (2000-2500 g) infants, of iron supplements given until 6 months of life. Methods: In a randomized controlled trial, 285 healthy marginally LBW infants received 0, 1, or 2 mg . kg(-1).day(-1) of iron supplements from 6 weeks to 6 months of age: At 12 months and 3.5 years of life we measured length, weight, head circumference, and indicators of iron status (hemoglobin, ferritin, mean corpuscular volume, and transferrin saturation) and assessed the prevalence of iron depletion, functional ID, and ID anemia. Results: At 12 months of age, there was a significant difference in ferritin between the groups (P = 0.00 6). Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the prevalence of iron depletion (23.7%, 10.6%, and 6.8%, respectively, in the placebo, 1-mg, and 2-mg groups, P = 0.009) and similar nonsignificant trends for functional ID and ID anemia. At 3.5 years of life there were no significant differences in iron status and the mean prevalence of iron depletion was 3.2%. Anthropometric data were not affected by the intervention. Conclusions: Iron supplements with 2 mg . kg(-1) . day(-1) until 6 months of life effectively reduces the risk of ID during the first 12 months of life and is an effective intervention for preventing early ID in marginally LBW infants.

  • 47. Bianchi, Marta
    et al.
    Strid, Anna
    Winkvist, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health. Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Lindroos, Anna-Karin
    Sonesson, Ulf
    Hallstrom, Elinor
    Systematic Evaluation of Nutrition Indicators for Use within Food LCA Studies2020In: Sustainability, E-ISSN 2071-1050, Vol. 12, no 21, article id 8992Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Expressing the environmental impact of foods in relation to the nutritional quality is a promising approach in the search for methods integrating interdisciplinary sustainability perspectives. However, the lack of standardized methods regarding how to include nutrient metrics can lead to unharmonized results difficult to interpret. We evaluated nutrient density indexes by systematically assessing the role of methodological variables with the purpose of identifying the index able to rank foods with the highest coherence with the Swedish dietary guidelines. Among 45 variants of the nutrient density index NRF (Nutrient Rich Food), a Sweden-tailored NRF11.3 index, including 11 desirable nutrients and 3 undesirable nutrients, calculated per portion size or 100 kcal with the application of weighting, ranked foods most coherently with the guidelines. This index is suggested to be suitable as complementary functional unit (FU) in comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) studies across food categories. The results clarify implications of methodological choices when calculating nutrient density of foods and offer guidance to LCA researchers on which nutrition metric to use when integrating nutritional aspects in food LCA.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 48. Bianchi, Marta
    et al.
    Stride, Anna
    Winkvist, Anna
    Johansson, Ingegerd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine.
    Sonesson, Ulf
    Evaluating foods and diets from a multi-dimensional perspective: nutrition, health and environment2020In: Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, ISSN 0029-6651, E-ISSN 1475-2719, Vol. 79, no OCE2, p. E336-E336Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: The study of the environmental impact of dietary patterns in relation to their nutrition quality and health impact is of recent development and great interest for both nutrition and environmental scientists. Preliminary research has been conducted on the potential application of nutrition and health indexes as reference units (i.e. functional units) in the life cycle assessment of foods. Although proposed methods to include nutrition and health aspects exist, more research is needed to increase the scientific quality and societal usefulness of such assessments.

    Materials and Methods: SLF Healthy Diets is a 20-month project where 64 food items from the FFQ used in the population study “Västerbotten Intervention Programme” (VIP) will be characterized for their nutrition density and matched to the carbon footprint from life cycle assessment studies. Several nutrition density scores will be analyzed, among which the NRF9.3 score, a dietary-dependent NQI score, and a new nutrient index tailored for the Swedish population. Hazard ratios for total mortality will be estimated for 100.000 participants to the VIP study, and associations with reported intake of food products, nutrient density and environmental performance described.

    Results and Discussion: Multiple results are expected from the project, among which a synthesis of the combined nutritional and environmental performance of the analyzed foods according to different methods, and hence the identification of the best nutritional index to apply in environmental studies. Additionally, the assessment in the VIP cohort of the associations between reported intake of food products and observed health outcomes will evaluate the ability of the suggested nutrition scores to predict the total mortality in the studied population.

    The present project will allow for more robust quantification and communication of food products’ sustainability performance. Specifically, the project will: develop clear advice on which nutrition scores can best be used in LCA food studies; evaluate pros and cons of combined environmental, nutritional, and health metrics; validate nutrition and health metrics ability to predict health outcomes within a Swedish population-based cohort; investigate and propose how combined environmental, nutritional and health metrics can be implemented and used by food chain stakeholders.

  • 49.
    Bilinski, Wojciech J.
    et al.
    Department of Orthopaedics, KoMed, Poddebice Health Center, Poddebice, Poland.
    Stefanska, Anna
    Department of Laboratory Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Torun, Poland.
    Szternel, Lukasz
    Department of Laboratory Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Torun, Poland.
    Bergmann, Katarzyna
    Department of Laboratory Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Torun, Poland.
    Siodmiak, Joanna
    Department of Laboratory Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Torun, Poland.
    Krintus, Magdalena
    Department of Laboratory Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Torun, Poland.
    Paradowski, Przemyslaw T.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Orthopaedics. Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Orthopedics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Sypniewska, Grazyna
    Department of Laboratory Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz, Torun, Poland.
    Relationships between Bone Turnover Markers and Factors Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Prepubertal Girls and Boys2022In: Nutrients, E-ISSN 2072-6643, Vol. 14, no 6, article id 1205Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The associations between individual components of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and bone health in children are complex, and data on this topic are sparse and inconsistent. We assessed the relationship between bone turnover markers and markers of the processes underlying MetS (insulin resistance and inflammation) in a group of presumably healthy children aged 9–11 years: 89 (51 girls, 38 boys) presenting without any features of MetS and 26 (10 girls, 16 boys) with central obesity and two features of MetS. Concentrations of glucose, triglycerides (TG), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), C-reactive protein (CRP), HbA1c, total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), intact-P1NP (N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen), CTX-1 (C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen) were assayed and insulin resistance was assessed (HOMA-IR). BMI centile, waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure were measured. The presence of MetS in girls resulted in significantly lower concentrations of CTX-1 and a trend to lower CTX-1 in boys. The concentrations of bone formation marker i-P1NP were not affected. Among the features associated with MetS, HOMA-IR appeared as the best positive predictor of MetS in girls, whereas CRP was the best positive predictor in boys. A significant influence of HOMA-IR on the decrease in CTX-1 in girls was independent of BMI centile and WC, and the OR of having CTX-1 below the median was 2.8-fold higher/1SD increased in HOMA-IR (p = 0.003). A weak relationship between CTX-1 and CRP was demonstrated in girls (r = −0.233; p = 0.070). Although TG, as a MetS component, was the best significant predictor of MetS in both sexes, there were no correlations between bone markers and TG. We suggest that dyslipidemia is not associated with the levels of bone markers in prepubertal children whereas CRP is weakly related to bone resorption in girls. In prepubertal girls, insulin resistance exerts a dominant negative impact on bone resorption, independent of BMI centile and waist circumference.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 50. Biskup, Izabela
    et al.
    Kyrø, Cecilie
    Marklund, Matti
    Olsen, Anja
    van Dam, Rob M.
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Overvad, Kim
    Lindahl, Bernt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Johansson, Ingegerd
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology.
    Landberg, Rikard
    Plasma alkylresorcinols, biomarkers of whole-grain wheat and rye intake, and risk of type 2 diabetes in Scandinavian men and women2016In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0002-9165, E-ISSN 1938-3207, Vol. 104, no 1, p. 88-96Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Studies that use dietary biomarkers to investigate the association between whole-grain intake and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) are lacking. Objective: We examined the association between plasma total alkylresorcinols and the alkylresorcinol C17:0-to-C21:0 ratio, biomarkers of whole-grain wheat and rye intake and relative whole grain rye over whole-grain wheat intake, respectively, and the risk of T2D among Scandinavian men and women. Design: A nested case-control study was established within the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study and the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort. Alkylresorcinol concentrations and the ratios of C17:0 to C21:0 were determined in plasma samples from 931 case-control pairs. ORs for T2D were calculated for plasma total alkylresorcinol concentration or C17:0-to-C21:0 ratio in quartiles with the use of conditional logistic regression that was adjusted for potential confounders. Additional analyses with whole-grain wheat and rye intake estimated from food-frequency questionnaires (FFQs) as exposures were also performed. Results: The plasma total alkylresorcinol concentration was not associated with T2D risk (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.88) for the highest compared with the lowest quartiles in multivariable adjusted models. However, the C17:0-to-C21:0 ratio was associated with a lower diabetes risk (OR: 0.54; 95% CI: 0.37, 0.78). Analyses with whole-grain intake estimated from FFQs yielded similar results. Conclusions: Total whole-grain wheat and rye intake, reflected by alkylresorcinols in plasma, was not associated with a lower risk of T2D in a population with high whole-grain intake. In contrast, the proportion of whole-grain rye to whole-grain wheat intake, indicated by the plasma C17:0-to-C21:0 ratio, was inversely associated with T2D. This suggests that whole-grain intake dominated by rye may be favorable for T2D prevention.

1234567 1 - 50 of 701
CiteExportLink to result list
Permanent link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf