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  • 1.
    Adamiak, Czesław
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography. Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland.
    Marjavaara, Roger
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography.
    Airbnb and urban population change: an empirical analysis of the case of Stockholm, Sweden2023In: Urban Research and Practice, ISSN 1753-5069, E-ISSN 1753-5077Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Internet platforms enabling the short-term rental of private homes are an increasingly important provider of tourist accommodation and a challenge for urban policy. Airbnb is frequently blamed for encouraging property owners to remove their homes from the permanent housing market, thus contributing to the gentrification and displacement of local residents. Empirical research on this topic has been mostly represented by qualitative or indirect quantitative studies, which focus on changes in housing availability rather than the actual population. In our study, we fill this gap by presenting a study of the city of Stockholm, using two sources of georeferenced data: information on properties offered for rent on the Airbnb platform and micro-data on individuals and properties derived from the national statistical office. We verify whether the high number of apartment rental offers on the Airbnb website contributes to the high number of apartments that became uninhabited during 2012–2016. Using both aspatial and spatial autoregressive models, we find that the platform expansion does have a significant effect on the number of emptied apartments, and thus conclude that the presence of Airbnb contributes to the process of touristification, understood as the replacement of permanent residents with non-permanent populations. This confirms that when analysing urban population change and the gentrification process, mobile populations should be considered. Context-aware multiscalar and relational approaches are needed to understand the interrelation between human mobility, housing markets and regulations, and transnational internet platforms.

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  • 2.
    Ahlgren, Marcus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Police Education Unit at Umeå University.
    Förhörstekniker hos utredarna på Brott i nära relation: Med fokus på kognitiv intervjumetodik2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This qualitative research study examines how investigators at one of many domestic violence departments in Sweden uses the cognitive interview technique during their interviews. This technique has in previous studies proven to give 47% more information to the investigator when using it in relation to not be using it. Furthermore this result comes without taking away any important information since it improves the ability of the interviewed witness or plaintiff to remember. The technique is based on several different steps for the investigators to use such as “Empty all the key sequences” but the investigator can pick how he or she uses the steps to benefit the interview in the best way. You do not need to use every step in the correct order which is a common misunderstanding regarding the cognitive interview technique.In my study six investigators were interviewed one at the time with semistructured interviews and each of them were then analyzed on a deductive manner. The results showed that many of the investigators uses fragments of the cognitive interview in a good way but without knowing how those fragments connects to the technique. The investigators had many thoughts of how they plan and perform their interviews to get as much information as possible from the witness or plaintiff. However the lack of intentionally use of research based techniques such as the cognitive interview technique were obvious. I therefore see an opportunity to educate experienced investigators with the cognitive interview technique as a part of the goal to make the investigations more efficient. This connects to one of the goals from Polismyndigheten, which is to work towards being more efficient in its investigations.

  • 3.
    Alexiadou, Nafsika
    Department of Education, Keele University, Staffordshire, United Kingdom.
    Researching policy implementation: interview data analysis in institutional contexts2001In: International Journal of Social Research Methodology, ISSN 1364-5579, E-ISSN 1464-5300, Vol. 4, no 1, p. 51-69Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper I am concerned with the analysis of semi-structured interview data that emerge from an inquiry rooted in institutional environments. The examples of data used to illustrate the procedures of analysis come from research carried out in Further Education Colleges in England. The focus is on individual actors (managers and teachers), mediating change within organizations. This focus provides scope for the exploration of social manifestations of political action. A number of epistemological questions arise with respect to the data and the nature of knowledge that is accessible through their analysis. The paper is practically oriented in that it presents an example of data analysis as part of researching the implementation of policy at the level of institutions, and the enactment of such a policy by individuals. The consideration of different traditions underpinning research and specific methodological techniques for data analysis has resulted in identification of a set of theoretically informed procedures that provide a framework for de-constructing, interpreting, and synthesizing interview data into accounts of policy implementation in the field. These procedures are presented and exemplified, while the theoretical assumptions underlying them and their implications for further research are discussed.

  • 4.
    Alger, Susanne
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of applied educational science.
    Sundström, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of applied educational science.
    Provtagares uppfattning om förarprovet: Enkätundersökning före och efter införandet av sammanhållet förarprov2011Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Den första september 2008 infördes en ny provmodell, ”sammanhållet förarprov”, för körkort behörighet B. Detta innebar att kunskapsprovet och körprovet bokas samtidigt och genomförs samma dag eller nära i tid. Provtagarna börjar med att genomföra kunskapsprovet och oavsett resultat på kunskapsprovet genomför de därefter körprovet. Provtagarna måste få godkänt på båda proven inom en tvåmånadersperiod från det första godkända provet för att få körkort. I annat fall får de göra om båda proven och betala nya provavgifter.

    Denna studie hade som syfte att undersöka om införandet av sammanhållet förarprov påverkat hur provtagarna ser på provet och hur de förbereder sig. En enkät skickades ut till ett slumpmässigt urval bestående av 500 provtagare som genomfört kunskapsprovet före förändringen (augusti 2008) och 500 provtagare som genomfört det efter förändringen (augusti 2010). Urvalsgrupperna utgjordes till hälften av provtagare som fått godkänt och till hälften av provtagare som fått underkänt.

    Det som den nya provmodellen fört med sig är att fler anmäls via trafikskola och något färre väljer att först läsa teori och sedan övningsköra. Inställningen till reglerna kring provet har också förändrats och de nya reglerna har vunnit större acceptans än när de först infördes. I övrigt är det, utifrån de påståenden som prövades i enkäten, inga större skillnader.

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  • 5.
    Altemark Vanneryr, Gabriel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Police Education Unit at Umeå University.
    Trötthet och dess betydelse för flygsäkerheten på Polisflyget2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Swedish Police Air Support Unit (SPASU) is a flying unit within the Police whose mainmission is law enforcement and lifesaving missions. The unit has nine helicopters based onone of the five bases in Sweden. The crews usually consist of a pilot and a tactical flightoperator who together carry out the missions in a single-pilot system. They work day andnight 365 days a year. A high proportion of the accidents that occur in aviation havefatigue as a significant contributing or causal factor. In commercial and military aviationoperations, sleep and fatigue-related problems are well documented and several studieshave examined the prevalence of this. Corresponding investigations on other Police AirSupport Units has not been found. This study has examined the prevalence of sleep andfatigue-related problems in the crews within the SPASU. A quantitative focus with surveyswas chosen as method. A high response rate in the questionnaires has almost made this atotal survey (N = 49, 92 % of total population). The results have shown that there arecertain problems in the SPASU with staff flying under the influence of fatigue. Many alsosleep less than they need to feel totally rested and these have been overrepresented in thepresence of fatigue during flight. There is a great consensus among the respondents thatfatigue has a negative effect on performance during flight and that the risks increase. Theresults have shown differences between pilots and tactical flight operators, two shift andthree shift workers as well as between the different age categories in the study.

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  • 6.
    Alter, George
    et al.
    History and PIRT Indiana University Bloomingtom USA .
    Oris, Michel
    Université de Genève Département d’Histoire économique 40, boulevard du pont d’Arve CH-1211 Genève 4 Suisse.
    Broström, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Population Studies (CPS).
    The family and mortality: A case study from rural Belgium2001In: Annales de Démographie Historique, ISSN 0066-2062, E-ISSN 1776-2774, Vol. 2001, p. 11-31Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Differences in mortality among families give us clues about the importance of unobserved health-related behaviors. For example, if lower mortality was due to types of personal behavior learned in childhood, it should carry over to mortality at older ages. In this paper we use records from a nineteenth-century Belgian community to look at differences at mortality differences among families in two ways. First, we construct a direct measure of exposure to disease in childhood by counting the number of children in each family that died before age 15. Second, we calculate the overall effect of inter-family differences by using a "random effect" model that estimates the variance of the "family effect". Both of these measures show a strong family effect in childhood, but this effect diminishes after age 15 and disappears after age 55. Moreover, in a period still dominated by infectious diseases, those who survived diseases in childhood acquired immunities that helped them in later life.

  • 7.
    Ambjörnsson, Fanny
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå Centre for Gender Studies (UCGS).
    Jönsson, MariaUmeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå Centre for Gender Studies (UCGS).
    Livslinjer: Berättelser om ålder, genus och sexualitet2010Collection (editor) (Refereed)
  • 8.
    Ander, Magnus
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Police Education Unit at Umeå University.
    Eriksson, Malin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work.
    Ghazinour, Mehdi
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Police Education Unit at Umeå University. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work.
    Hansson, Jonas
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Police Education Unit at Umeå University.
    Padyab, Mojgan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Demographic and Ageing Research (CEDAR).
    Stjerna Doohan, Isabelle
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Police Education Unit at Umeå University.
    Elchockvapen som hjälpmedel vid polisiära ingripanden: En vetenskaplig utvärdering av Polismyndighetens försöksverksamhet med elchockvapen 2018-20192020Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Less-­lethal weapons are often used when police officers deal with uncooperative and potentially dan­gerous persons. In recent years there has been growing international consensus regarding the useful­ness of less lethal weapons, such as conducted electrical weapons (CEWs). In 2018 the Swedish Police Authority launched a two­year trial of CEWs in Sweden.

    AIM: The current study aims to evaluate the Police Authority's CEW trial, and to explore the public's point of view about the legitimacy of the police’s use of CEW.

    METHODS: The study includes a quantitative survey and qualitative data. The survey data was collected at three time points; before, during, and at the end of the trial. Survey data was collected from two groups of police officers; one group that participated in the CEW trial and one control group that was not part of the trial. To increase the understanding of the survey results, in­depth interviews and focus group in­terviews were conducted with police officers who had experience of using CEW during the trial. To understand more about the citizens' perspective on different aspects of CEW legitimacy, focus group interviews were conducted with a convenient sample of the public. Data from the Police work injury system (LISA) was also collected to investigate the CEW’s impact on police officers' injuries.

    RESULTS: Results from the survey showed no differences between CEW and the control group in experiencing stress in certain given situations. Compared to the control group, the police officers in the CEW group experienced a greater sense of safety in situations that involve a high degree of resistance and/or phys­ical attacks. Similarly, the findings from the interviews showed that having access to CEW reduced stress in violent situations by boosting police officers' sense of safety. The interview results revealed that CEW contributes to police officers limiting the use of other potentially harmful means of violence, such as physical methods and firearms. In the survey, no difference was found between the CEW group and the control group in exposure to threat, violence, and resistance, as well as injuries to police officers or counterpart. The interviewees considered the CEW to be an important tool and saw only benefits with it. They believed it could save lives, reduce injuries to both police officers and counterparts, and improve their working environment. Findings from both quantitative and qualitative data confirm the positive effect of CEW through its contribution to lesser use of violence, for example in the reduction in the use of baton and pepper spray, which often cause more injuries. Participants from the public express that CEW is an effective and useful tool for the police, but emphasizes the importance of an awareness regarding the situations in which it is used in and towards whom.

    CONCLUSIONS: Based on the survey results, it is difficult to draw any definite conclusions about how and to what extent using CEW is associated with less injuries among police officers and counterparts. However, the inter­view results indicate that police officers experience a decreased risk of violence and thus, injuries. Ac­cess to CEW can increase the sense of safety in situations involving violence and strong resistance, which consequently reduces stress. CEW can also reduce the use of pepper spray, baton, and to some extent firearms. The CEW is perceived to have a de­escalating effect and can facilitate the process of decision making in relation to which tool to be used in police interventions with a high degree of threat and violence. Participants from the public perceived that the use of violence by the police, including the use of CEW, is in general justifiable. 

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  • 9.
    Andersson, Gunnar
    Stockholms universitet.
    Mortality in Stockholm: Recent Past, Present, and Future2001In: Nordic Demography in History and Present-Day Society / [ed] Lars-Göran Tedebrand and Peter Sköld, Umeå: Umeå universitet , 2001, p. 387-408Chapter in book (Other academic)
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  • 10.
    Andersson, Gunnar
    Stockholms universitet.
    Trends in Childbearing and Nuptiality in Sweden, 1961(71)-19972001In: Nordic Demography in History and Present-Day Society / [ed] Lars-Göran Tedebrand and Peter Sköld, Umeå: Umeå universitet , 2001, p. 67-100Chapter in book (Other academic)
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  • 11.
    Andersson, Katarina
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work.
    Omsorg under förhandling: - om tid, behov och kön i en föränderlig hemtjänstverksamhet2007Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The Swedish welfare state, and public elderly care of today in particular, is under transformation in many respects. Organisational restructuring, such as downsizing and new forms of organisation, mainly influenced by New Public Management, are some of the factors that have affected home care service. The purchaser/provider model is the applied organising model in the investigated municipality in one of the bigger towns in Northern Sweden. These changes, in combination with demographic changes which means an increasing elderly group who receive home care service, and the fact that more men carry out the care work, point towards some important themes such as time, needs and gender.

    The empirical material, consisting mainly of interviews, has been analysed from both a theoretical and empirical perspective. The voices of three groups; the care managers’, the care workers’ and the elderlys’ have been allowed to “inform” each other. The focus has directly and indirectly been on the elderly and the care they do or do not receive. The aim is to describe and analyse the conditions for meetings that take place between the elderly and staff in a home care service in transformation, based on the statements given by the different actors. Twelve women and four men in the group of care workers and six female care managers were interviewed. Four women and two men represented the group of elderly. A perspective on strangership, influenced by Simmel, is introduced to illustrate some of the aspects that cannot be taken for granted in care in a changing public home care service.

    Methodological choices and how these are handled, have been crucial. Important conclusions made are that meetings that take place in the home care service may look very different and can therefore not be viewed in terms of either only one aspect or another, or a combination of both, but rather as in concurrence. Time, needs and gender are subjected to negotiations in the hierarchy of the social services. The problems connected with time and the view of needs, are constantly moving around within and between the groups, but nevertheless remain. Gender is present in home care service in a way that contradicts the officially fixed neutrality of gender. A typical example is when care managers argue that gender is not a relevant factor in the needs assessments, even though this seems to be the case. The public home care service constitutes an arena, where constant negotiations between different groups and on different levels take place. In this divided organisation, negotiations concerning time, needs and gender are continuously in progress.

    Keywords: Care, elderly care meetings, elderly, care managers, care workers, public home care service, home care service in transformation, time, needs, gender, strangership, negotiations

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  • 12.
    Andersson, Michael
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Den politiska webben: en webbometrisk studie av nya sociala rörelsers användande av webben som informationssystem2004Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka nutida sociala rörelsers aktiviteter på World Wide Web och ta reda på om det finns något sammanhängande informationssystem för dessa rörelser där, hur det ser ut och hur viktigt det är som informationskälla. Inom ramen för denna undersökning företogs först en teoretisk genomgång av begreppet sociala rörelser för att definiera undersökningsobjektet. Därefter introducerades den webbometriska metod som sedan användes för att analysera ett antal svenska nutida sociala rörelsers webbplatser. I samband med presentationen av den webbometriska metoden diskuterades också diverse problem rörande material och materialinsamling samt tidigare forskning på området. De webbometriska analyserna visade att det finns kopplingar mellan webbsidor som gör att de kan ses som sammanhängande informationssystem. Dock gick det inte utifrån analyserna att se hur detta system används. En intervju med en inom rörelserna aktiv informant bekräftade och fördjupade resultaten från de webbometriska analyserna. Studien avslutas med diskussioner kring möjligheter till fortsatt forskning på det webbometriska området och användningen av metoden.

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  • 13.
    Andersson, Per
    et al.
    Umeå University, Umeå University Library, Centre for teaching and learning (UPL). Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Police Education Unit at Umeå University.
    Söderström, Mikael
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Police Education Unit at Umeå University.
    Bergh, Pontus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Police Education Unit at Umeå University.
    Pedagogisk utveckling i teori och praktik – Polisutbildningen Umeå2020Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Polisutbildningen vid Umeå universitet är en professionsutbildning som erbjuder utbildningar på campus och distans. Förutom polisprogrammet erbjuds fristående kurser och vidareutbildning för yrkesverksamma. Alla utbildningar karakteriseras av en stor mängd praktiska inslag, vilket skapar pedagogiska och logistiska utmaningar, framför allt för distansutbildningen. Lärarna på polisutbildningen har olika bakgrund, ungefär hälften är poliser medan andra hälften kommer från olika institutioner vid Umeå universitet. En central tanke i utbildningen är att ha en tät integration av teoretiska och praktiska utbildningsinslag, viket också innebär att många lärarlag består av både akademiker och polislärare. För att säkerställa utbildningarnas kvalité samt höja lärarnas kompetens genomförs en satsning på kurs- och programutveckling under våren 2020. Syftet är att utveckla nya studerandeaktiva inslag på polisutbildningen, utveckla digitalt undervisningsmaterial samt höja undervisande personals pedagogiska och digitala kompetens. Satsningen riktar sig till de olika lärarlagen i syfte att skapa ett kollaborativ lärande, göra alla lärare delaktiga samt integrera den praktiska och teoretiska kompentens som finns.

    Grunden i satsningen är en utbildningsinsats utformad utifrån en modell av Scholarship of Teaching and Learning där ett problem definieras, en lösning planeras och genomförs för att slutligen utvärderas och presenteras (Dietz-Uhler och BishopClark, 2012). Insatsen startar med en verkstad för att ringa in ett utvecklingsområde inom lärarlagens ämnesområden. Upplägget bygger på ABC-metoden där lärarlagen under en verkstad på 90 minuter kartlägger sin undervisning (Young, C., & Perovic, N. 2016). Fokus MO4 ligger på vilka olika lärsituationer studenterna möter (Laurillard 2012). Under verkstaden synliggörs nuläge och utvecklingsområden. En viktig del är sedan att lärarlagen tillsammans utformar en gemensam aktionsplan som slutligen omvandlas till ett konkret undervisningsinslag. Som stöd för lärarlagen erbjuds olika verkstäder och utbildningsinsatser utifrån de pedagogiska och tekniska behov lärarlagen ringat in under inledande ABC-verkstaden. Dessutom erbjuds ytterligare stöd i form av två studierektorer och en pedagogisk utvecklare som bollplank.

    De resultat lärarlagen kommit fram under satsningen kommer att presenteras för övriga lärare på Polisutbildningen. Detta för att sprida ”best practice” och pedagogiska erfarenheter från arbetet. Lärarlagens arbete dokumenteras också skriftligt med tanken att arbetet ska kunna läggas in i lärarnas pedagogiska portföljer och visa ett systematiskt pedagogiskt utvecklingsarbete.

    Satsningen är i gång med sju lärarlag och totalt 28 lärare. En första utvärdering av upplägget har tagits emot positivt av lärarna och ett antal utvecklingsprojekt är uppstartade. Några exempel är ”Studentgenererad kunskapskontroll i kriminalteknik” och ”Planspel Demonstration”. Ett färdigt resultat kommer att finnas i juni 2020 då insatsen är slutförd och utvärderad.

  • 14.
    Andersson, Sarah
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic and social geography.
    Hur stor "plats" får platsen ta när hotell marknadsför sig online?: En innehållsanalysav platsens vikt i online-markandsföring av fem hotell i Umeå.2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 180 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 15.
    Andersson, Tobias
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå School of Business and Economics (USBE), Statistics.
    Golovlev, Jegor
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå School of Business and Economics (USBE), Statistics.
    Prediktion av bruttoregionalprodukt: Prognosmodellering som förkortar tiden mellan officiella siffror och prognos2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Arbetet har utforskat möjligheten och precisionen av BRP-prediktion för tre statistiska metoder; linjär regression, regressionsträd och modellträd. För modellutvärdering har testfelsskattning erhållen genom korsvalidering och en jämförelse mot Statistiska Centralbyråns (SCB) prognos av BRP används. Resultatet visar att regressionsträd inte lämpar sig för BRP-prediktion, medan de andra två lyckas med rimlig felmarginal. Procentuell avvikelse för metoden som ligger närmast SCB:s prognos har 0,3 i genomsnitt och standardavvikelse 3,0.

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  • 16.
    Anderzén, Sölve
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Religious Studies.
    Lappmarken i litteraturen: valda studier inom ett forskningsprojekt1989Report (Other academic)
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  • 17.
    Arbin, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of applied educational science, Child and Youth education, Special Education and Counselling.
    Särbegåvade elever: En studie om studie- och yrkesvägledning och stimulans i gymnaiseskolan2011Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study was to improve understanding of how upper secondary school acknowledge and adjust support and guidance for gifted students regarding their future academic and professional career. The study examined school pricipals and career counselors approach to guidance work with gifted students and how the above mentioned professionals received information about gifted students. It was further examined what measures were applied to adjust the upper secondary school to the needs of gifted students. Qualitative interviews were conducted and the results showed that in cases where the informants were told it took place in conjunctions with seminars about the class, through grades or through a teacher or the students themselves who contacted the career counselor or principal at the upper secondary school.The giftedness was connected to the school curriculum and various course topics in the secondary programs. School principals viewed the career counselor as an important resource to provide motivational support, individualize and survey future plans. Career counselors experienced that gifted students were ahead in their maturity process and often arrived earlier than other students with ideas and questions for the career counselor. The upper secondary school tried to the extent resources were available, to provide stimulus and motivation for the gifted students in different ways - through acceleration, enrichment and motivational activities.

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    Särbegåvade elever
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  • 18.
    Asplund, Kjell
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine.
    Oredlighet i forskning – regleras i lag från årsskiftet: lagen ökar rättssäkerheten men täcker inte alla omoraliska beteenden i forskningen: [New Swedish legislation on research misconduct from 2020]2019In: Läkartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, E-ISSN 1652-7518, Vol. 116, article id FTPZArticle in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This review is prompted by new Swedish legislation on research misconduct to be in effect as of January 1st, 2020. Approximately 4 out of 10 000 published articles are retracted because of misconduct. Many Asian countries top the list of proportion of articles retracted. In Sweden, more than half of all mass media reports on misconduct concern medical research. The most discussed drivers of misconduct include the incentives by universities and funders with emphasis on competiveness, journal editors' preference for novelty over veracity, and the ethical culture as to research area, country and local institution. For most of fraudsters, detection means an end of their academic career. Victims include co-workers, institutions, patients and science at large. The newly revised European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity may serve as guidance for academic and healthcare organisations that strive to prevent research misconduct.

  • 19.
    Asplund, Nemo
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Police Education Unit at Umeå University.
    Handfängselanvändning vid flyktfara: En studie om tillämpningen av Polislagen 10a§2022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This is a qualitative research study that examines the reasoning concerning the applying of handcuffs from police and students at the police academy. In Sweden there´s an absence of an exact saying in the law that the police are allowed to restrain a person who poses a flight risk with handcuffs. As a representant of the state it is key that every police officer follows the ruling law. At the same time police experience a necessity to restrain some people to eliminate or minimize the flight risk. The result of this study shows that students experience a deficiency in the basic training when it comes to the usage of handcuffs. At the same time police testify about the lack of continuing education which leads to relying on experience instead. The study also shows big differences in the views concerning the need to use handcuffs in flight situations then you compare police and students at the police academy. It´s apparent that the legislation at the time of writing is considered unclear and hard to interpret amongst police and students at the police academy. The conclusion is that the views of using handcuffs in situations involving flight risk in context to the legislation varies greatly. The general view in the police-organization seems to be that there´s a need for reformation in the legislation as a development when it comes to education concerning the matter at the police academy as well as further training when you graduate.

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  • 20.
    Axelsson, Per
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Demographic and Ageing Research (CEDAR). Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of historical, philosophical and religious studies. Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Várdduo – Centre for Sámi Research.
    Storm Mienna, Christina
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology. Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Várdduo – Centre for Sámi Research.
    The challenge of Indigenous data in Sweden2021In: Indigenous Data Sovereignty and Policy / [ed] Maggie Walter, Tahu Kukutai, Stephanie Russo Carroll, Desi Rodriguez-Lonebear, New York & Abingdon: Routledge, 2021, p. 99-111Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Indigenous Data Sovereignty is increasingly discussed in CANZUS countries but not as much in the Nordic countries, mostly due to Nordic prohibitions of the collection of ethnicity data. This chapter reports the first study on how the Sami people in Sweden perceive Indigenous control and ownership of Sami health research data. Results show that data and data management are important with preference for Sami authorities, preferably the Sami Parliament to take responsibility of data. However, doubts were expressed on the capacity of the Sami Parliament to undertake a data repository role. The study also shows that the legacy of the Nazi regime, of racial biology and of colonization is still present in discussions on Indigenous data and adds to the lack of trust between the Sami and the Swedish nation state.

  • 21. Baker, Susan
    et al.
    Eckerberg, Katarina
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Political Science.
    Combining old and new governance in pursuit of sustainable development2008In: Pursuit of sustainable development: New governance practices at the sub-national level in Europe, New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group , 2008, p. 208-211Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 22.
    Bengtsson, Tommy
    et al.
    Centre for Economic Demography and Department of Economic History, Lund University.
    Broström, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Statistics. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Population Studies (CPS).
    Famines and mortality crises in 18th to 19th century southern Sweden2011In: Genus: Journal of Population Sciences, ISSN 2035-5556, Vol. 67, no 2, p. 119-139Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Causality is an important but complicated issue, not only within social sciences in general but also within economic and historical demography. Here we are dealing with two different, but related, problems of causality. The first is to what extent the impact of food prices on mortality is biased when selecting on years with mortality crises. The second concerns the problem of mixing factors that directly and indirectly have an impact on mortality. Dealing with the first problem, we compare the effects of food prices on child and adult mortality when selecting on mortality crises with a standard approach without selection. When dealing with the second problem we use the additive hazards model, in combination with dynamic path analysis, which allows for investigating the mediating effect of intermediate covariates in a causal framework. We use individual level data from the Scanian Economic Demographic Database for five rural parishes for the period 1766 to 1865. Data on food prices refers to the local area of these parishes. The statistical analyses are performed in the R statistical computing environment, especially with the aid of the package eha. The main findings are that selecting on mortality crises created a large bias in the direction of overestimating the impact of food prices and that that the direct effects of food prices are dominating.

  • 23.
    Bergenheim, Åsa
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of historical, philosophical and religious studies.
    Åstrand, Björn
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of historical, philosophical and religious studies.
    Siikavaaralaiset och det möjligas livsvärld2022In: Brevet: ögonblickets rader från pergament till e-post / [ed] Peter Olausson, Möklinta: Gidlunds förlag, 2022, p. 285-313Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 24.
    Berggren, Christoffer
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå University School of Restaurant and Culinary Arts.
    Westling, Simon
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå University School of Restaurant and Culinary Arts.
    Det är utsidan som räknas: Etiketternas påverkan av konsumenters uppfattningar på en ölflaska2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Idag finns det över 250 bryggerier i Sverige och detta märks även på mångfalden av öl som finns att välja i hyllorna på Systembolaget. Men vad är det som styr vilken flaska vi faktiskt köper? Syftet med den här studien är att undersöka hur bryggerier arbetar och vad de vill förmedla när de designar sina etiketter, samt att undersöka hur konsumenterna uppfattar etiketterna. Det har genomförts semistrukturerade intervjuer med representanter på bryggerier samt en kvalitativ enkätundersökning med konsumenter. Datan från undersökningarna har sedan ställts mot varandra. Resultaten visar att bryggerierna jobbar på olika sätt för att förmedla olika aspekter. Alla har en tanke om vad de faktiskt vill att etiketten ska förmedla. Konsumenterna uppfattar bryggerierna på olika sätt med olika uppfattning av bryggeriernas identitet. Vid vissa tillfällen jobbar bryggerierna efter vad forskningen säger kan vara bra, dock är detta oavsiktligt. Resultaten påvisar däremot att konsumenternas tolkning av etiketterna kan skilja sig från vad bryggeriernas tanke varit.

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  • 25.
    Berggren, Jenny
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Materialbibliotek - vad är det?2006Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Undersökningen vilar på två huvudfrågor: Vad är ett materialbibliotek, och varför uppstår de i så stor utsträckning idag? Frågorna besvaras genom samtal med ansvariga på materialbibliotek, främst kommersiella, i Europa och USA och redovisas i en historisk och kronologisk översikt över det senaste decenniet, en tematisk beskrivning av verksamheten samt en diskussion kring materialbiblioteket utifrån begreppen dokument och bibliotek där en allmän biblioteksmodell appliceras på materialbibliotekens verksamhet. Slutligen föreslås en definition av begreppet materialbibliotek.

    Undersökningen kommer fram till att materialbiblioteket är en informationstjänst som samlar och organiserar materialprover och materialkunskap, och som inte enbart fungerar som tillhandahållare av information utan även strävar efter att i mötet med sina användare skapa ny kunskap om de dokument det behandlar. Materialbiblioteken uppstår ur ett behov av en samordnande central för materialkunskap, och kan placeras inom det nya serviceparadigmet information management. Det finns även ett behov av att känna på material och att skapa en mötesplats för kreatörer och tillverkare inom designområdet. En avgörande bakgrund verkar vara den drastiskt ökande materialtillgången som innebär att verksamma inom området inte hinner skaffa sig den materialkunskap de skulle behöva, främst om nya material och nya materiallösningar. De största och mest inflytelserika materialbiblioteken finns i New York och Paris och heter Material ConneXion, Innovathéque och MatériO. De flesta materialbibliotek har något förhållande till ett eller flera av dessa tre, och deras databaser är föremål för potentiella framtida samarbetsprojekt.

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  • 26.
    Berggren, Linda
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science.
    “It’s not really about the food, it’s about everything else”: pupil, teacher and head teacher experiences of school lunch in Sweden2021Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The school lunch is often associated with food, nutrition and health while the social, physical, pedagogical and cultural dimensions of the school lunch situation have not been given as much attention. Sweden is one of few countries in the world where tax-funded school meals are served to all pupils in compulsory school. This thesis highlights the school lunch situation from the perspectives of pupils, teachers and head teachers in Sweden. The overall aim is to contribute a deeper understanding of how these school actors perceive and experience the school lunch situation.

    The thesis is compiled from four papers. Paper 1 examine Nordic pupil’s perspectives on the healthiness of the meals in the context of school lunches. The remaining papers have been carried out in a Swedish context. Paper 2 examines pupil’s lived experiences of school lunch and how they relate to the social and physical dimensions of school lunch. Paper 3 examines teachers’ perceptions of the school lunch in terms of intentions and daily practice. Paper 4 examines head teachers’ (also called principals and school leaders) perceptions and experiences of school lunch. The main theoretical base is based on Henri Lefebvre’s theoretical framework of social production of space, applied mostly in Papers 2-4, together with an overarching conceptual framework of social constructivism, applied mostly in Paper 1. The thesis is based on a qualitative descriptive research design where the empirical part of the study is based on focus group discussions, empathy-based stories, a qualitative analysis of open comments from a questionnaire and in the fourth paper, individual interviews.

    Through the four papers performed within this thesis it is clear that the normative, social, emotional, physical and organizational dimensions are central to the way that school lunch is experienced and perceived. The results show that pupils, teachers and head teachers share the perception of school lunch as a space for socializing and eating. The results further show that the perceptions and experiences of school lunch are negatively affected by the way the school lunch is framed and organized at both school and municipality level, and that favorable conditions for the school lunch situation do not always exist. The main concerns are centered on the meal environment, time-restrictions, the logistics and the different structures that pupils, teachers and head teachers have to adapt to. These challenges may affect the possibility of influencing practices and adherence to policies. The physical and organizational dimensions of school lunch need to be acknowledged: specifically, time management and the extent to which school restaurants are purposively designed and built. This is something that should be also taken in consideration when designing and building new school restaurants.

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  • 27.
    Berggren, Linda
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science.
    Olsson, Cecilia
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science.
    Waling, Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science.
    Förutsättningar för en trivsam skollunch2023In: Læring gennem mad og måltider i grundskolen: teori og praksis fra Danmark, Sverige og Norge / [ed] Dorte Ruge; Frøydis Nordgård Vik; Johanna Björklund; Sara Frödén, Cappelen Damm AS, 2023, p. 131-146Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter highlights conditions for a pleasant school lunch based on experiences and perceptions from pupils, teachers, and head teachers. The empirical part of the study is based on a qualitative design using empathy-based stories, individual interviews, and a qualitative analysis of open comments from a questionnaire. Henri Lefebvre's theory of social production of space constitutes the theoretical framework, placing emphasis on how school lunch is experienced, perceived and conceived. The results show that these pupils, teachers and head teachers share the perception of school lunch as a space for socializing. Additionally, they show that conditions for a pleasant school lunch experience, chief among them the environment and time available, are not always favorable. The results presented in this chapter indicate that physical and organizational dimensions of school lunch need to be given more attention.

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  • 28.
    Berggren, Linda
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Talvia, Sanna
    Fossgard, Eldbjørg
    Björk Arnfjörð, Unnur
    Hörnell, Agneta
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Ólafsdóttir, Anna Sigríður
    Gunnarsdóttir, Ingibjörg
    Wergedahl, Hege
    Lagström, Hanna
    Waling, Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Olsson, Cecilia
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Nordic children's conceptualizations of healthy eating in relation to school lunch2017In: Health Education, ISSN 0965-4283, E-ISSN 1758-714X, Vol. 117, no 2, p. 130-147Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: Pupils' perspective should be better taken into account when developing nutrition education at school. The purpose of this paper is to explore Nordic children's perspectives on the healthiness of meals in the context of school lunches.

    Design/methodology/approach: In total, 78 focus group discussions were conducted with 10-11-year-old girls and boys (n=457) from schools in Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, which were participating in the Nordic school meal project ProMeal during the school year 2013-2014. A flexible discussion guide and stimulus material in the form of 14 photographs displaying different school lunch contexts were used. The discussions were analyzed using thematic analysis.

    Findings: These Nordic children seem to share the adult-set aim of healthy eating in the school context as a socio-cultural norm. Although healthy eating was constructed as a rational, normative and acceptable way to eat at school, unhealthy eating was emphasized as negotiably acceptable when eaten occasionally and under certain circumstances (e.g. at special occasions). Unhealthy eating also comprised emotionally laden descriptions such as enjoyment and disgust.

    Practical implications: Children's conceptualizations of healthy eating are connected to nutritional, socio-cultural, emotional and normative dimensions, which should be reflected also when developing nutrition education in school.

    Originality/value: The need for research exploring children's experiences of, and understandings about, school lunch motivated this unique multicenter study with a large number of participating children. In the focus groups a child-oriented, photo-elicitation method was used.

  • 29.
    Berggren, Linda
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science.
    Waling, Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science.
    Rönnlund, Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of applied educational science.
    Olsson, Cecilia
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science.
    School lunch – not an integrated part of the educational work at school: - Head teachers’ perceptions and experiences of school lunch in SwedenManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 30.
    Bergman, Linda
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Police Education Unit at Umeå University.
    "POLISER HAR VÄL BLIVIT GRAVIDA FÖRUT": En studie om att som polis i yttre tjänst bli mamma2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    After pregnancy and maternity leave some women choose to quit their jobs as police officers out on the streets. In this study ten women from the same police district has been interviewed about their experiences of as a woman and police officer becoming a mum. The study includes the period from when the woman tells her boss that she´s pregnant, trough the temporary work assignment during pregnancy, maternity leave, the return to work and to the time when she´s back in original duty. The study clearly shows that the experiences is both positive and negative. Some experienced the period at work during pregnancy as meaningful and developing for their competence, some experienced the opposite. The study shows that influence of desicions about the temporary duty and the welcoming to the new group are important factors for making it a positive experience. During maternity leave some of the women felt forgotten and experienced loss of membership to their original work group. The study shows that it is important to be offered educations and being informed about vacant jobs even during pregnancy and maternity leave. The interviewed women pointed out a number of factors they see as most important for a positive experience being a mum and a police officer out in the streets. They rank understanding from bosses and colleagues high. When you become a parent you need to get the family life and work life to work together to be able to keep your original job. If the Police department work for these women the experience of being back in duty has a good chance to be positive. It´s important to make sure they don´t loose the membership in their original work group during pregnancy and maternity leave, that they don´t miss out om education and vacant jobs and that they get a good introduction when coming back to duty. In that way maybe the chanses increases that she´s not necessarily the one who changes her work situation if the family life doesn´t work out.  

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  • 31.
    Bergqvist, Marie
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Personer med annat modersmål än svenska och bibliotekets service: En attitydstudie på Ålidhemsbiblioteket i  Umeå2009Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet för utvärderingen är att, genom en enkätundersökning, försöka besvara hur nöjda besökare med annat modersmål än svenska är med Ålidhemsbibliotekets verksamhet. Utvärderingen utgår från två huvudsakliga frågeställningar: [1] Vilka är användarna i den aktuella målgruppen? [2] Hur upplever personer med annat modersmål än svenska biblioteket på Ålidhem? Informanterna i undersökningen talar elva olika språk och kommer från fjorton olika länder. Det vanligaste språket bland informanterna i undersökningen är arabiska. Det är en jämn köns- och åldersfördelning bland informanterna i undersökningen, men biblioteket har bara ett fåtal besökare i åldersgruppen mellan 20 till 30 år. Utbildningsnivån bland informanterna är hög med tio informanter med universitetsutbildning, två med gymnasieutbildning samt sex stycken med grundskoleutbildning. Majoriteten av informanterna är mycket nöjda med biblioteket när det gäller litteraturförsörjning och allmän service. Tidningsläsandet får sämre betyg i undersökningen, men undersökningen visar också att informanterna anser att tidningar har mindre betydelse än böcker. Utvärderingen bedömer att biblioteket tillgodoser målgruppens behov. Men det finns dock utrymme för vissa förbättringar, bland annat när det gäller informationen till målgruppen. Liksom den tidigare forskningen jag relaterar till är det även på Ålidhemsbiblioteketet väldigt hög kundnöjdhet bland målgruppen, det är intressant att även ett litet filialbibliotek kan ge bra grundläggande service när det gäller materialförsörjning på andra språk än svenska.

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  • 32.
    Berríos-Negrón, Luis
    KTH, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Greenhouse doppelgänger deposed: an indexical prototype about parastructures, anarchives, and the social (hyperobjective) pedestal2018In: Architecture in effect: vol. 1. Rethinking the social in architecture: making effects / [ed] Sten Gromark; Jennifer Mack; Roemer van Toorn, New York: ACTAR, 2018, p. 380-423Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Greenhouse is an opaque manifold of meanings. The opacity is not just the result of a layering that occurs when considering its many definitions. It is more so the result of the suppressed colonial violence that is implicit in its technological instrumentalization. This mythical violence, of willfully transplanting the exotic, is at the heart of allother compound terms and subsets of ‘greenhouse’. I have been working on how this opacity obscures a range of forces that shape the environment. More specifically, I amexploring how these opaque forces affect, and may be perceived through, the forms and languages of sculptural and spatial production beyond prescribed visual or imagined outcomes. The work you will encounter here is then a probe to test how the violent opacity of greenhouse may be demystified by shaping an index as potential format for dematerialized display.

  • 33.
    Bjärstig, Therese
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Political Science.
    Grön översiktsplan i Vilhelmina kommun: Ett exempel på deltagande landskapsplanering2017In: Landskapsforum 2017 – Landskapsperspektiv i fysisk planering: Helhetssyn för hållbara lösningar / [ed] Anders Esselin, KSLA , 2017, Vol. 156, p. 21-22Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 34.
    Björn, Rasmus
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science.
    Gustafsson, Harald
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science.
    Småskaliga vinimportörer under kris: En studie om Systembolagets betydelse för småskaliga vinimportörers hantering av coronapandemin2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the importance of Systembolaget for five small-scale wine importers in Sweden during the corona pandemic. The study also wanted to examine how the corona pandemic has affected the wine importers sales and their learnings from the corona pandemic. 

    The study was conducted using a qualitative method in the form of semi-structured interviews with five small-scale wine importers in Sweden. The purpose of the interviews was to highlight the small-scale wine importer’s stories of how they handled the corona pandemic. The empirical data was analyzed through thematic analysis and resulted in two themes – The wine importers perception of Systembolaget and the passion of wine importers. 

    The results show that Systembolaget had great importance in the small-scale wine importers’ handling of the corona pandemic. The importers who actively shifted their sales from restaurants to Systembolaget had been able to save their companies’ financial results despite a reduction in restaurant sales. The wine importers learnings from the pandemic were an increased crisis awareness, the value of quickly adjusting their business model and spreading the risks in their business. By having knowledge of the process of wine sales to Systembolaget and an ability to quickly adjust their sales from restaurants to Systembolaget, the study’s authors suggest that small-scale wine importers can be better prepared for future pandemics.

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  • 35. Blom, Svein
    Some Aspects of Immigrant Residential Concentration in Oslo: Time Trends and the Trends and the Importance of Economic Causes2001In: Nordic Demography in History and Present-Day Society / [ed] Lars-Göran Tedebrand and Peter Sköld, Umeå: Umeå universitet , 2001, p. 431-456Chapter in book (Other academic)
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  • 36.
    Blomgren, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Political Science.
    The Selection of Candidates for the European Parliament by National Parties and the Impact of European Political Parties: The Swedish case2009Report (Other academic)
  • 37.
    Bohm, Ingela
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science.
    Matkultur och psykosocial hälsa2019In: Didaktik för hem- och konsumentkunskap / [ed] Karin Hjälmeskog, Karin Höijer, Malmö: Gleerups Utbildning AB, 2019, p. 105-115Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 38.
    Bohm, Ingela
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    "We're made of meat, so why should we eat vegetables?": food discourses in the school subject home and consumer studies2016Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Food has many different functions. On a physical level, it is needed to survive and to maintain health, but it also has many social, psychological, and emotional meanings. For example, food is used to build relationships, to mark hierarchies, to celebrate holidays, and to influence mood and self-image. Different foods have different cultural meanings, and people are socialized from an early age to recognize and utilize their symbolic value.

    One arena where food occupies a central position is the Swedish school subject Home and Consumer Studies (HCS), which focuses on both the physical and the psychosocial dimensions of food-related health. Since these dimensions are not always compatible, the aim of this dissertation was to explore how students and teachers of HCS use big 'D' Discourses to talk about and handle food, with a special focus on vegetables, meat, vegetarian food, and sweet foods.

    Methods: Fifty-nine students and five teachers were observed, recorded, and in some cases video-taped. Participants’ talk about vegetables, meat, vegetarian food, and sweet foods was transcribed verbatim and analysed for big 'D' Discourses.

    Results: Students mostly based their choice of vegetables on sensory and cultural Discourses. Some vegetables were mandatory and others were optional, depending on whether or not they were part of a recipe or a cultural tradition. The health Discourse was only used if a specific assignment demanded it, and was closely tied to the evaluation Discourse.

    Contrary to the sometimes optional status of vegetables, meat was seen as central in the sensory, cultural, health, and social Discourses. Therefore the reduction of meat could be problematic. It was regarded as simultaneously healthy and unhealthy, and it could elicit disgust, but whenever participants talked about decreasing meat consumption, its centrality was invoked as a counterargument.

    As an extension of this, vegetarian food was seen as 'empty', deviant, and an unattainable ideal. Access to vegetarian food was limited for meat-eaters, and vegetarians were othered in both positive and negative ways. When vegetarian food was cooked during lessons, it was constructed as something out of the ordinary.

    Sweet foods could be viewed as a treasure, as something dangerous and disgusting, or as an unnecessary extra. Home-made varieties were seen as superior. Sweet foods gave social status to both students and teachers, and they could be traded or given away to mark relationships and hierarchies, but also withheld and used to police others.

    Conclusion: In summary, two powerful potential opposites met in the HCS classroom: the Discourses of normality (sensory, cultural, and social Discourses), and the Discourses of responsibility (health and evaluation). Normality could make physically healthy food choices difficult because of participants' social identity, the conflicted health Discourse, and too-strict ideals. On the other hand, some people were excluded from normality itself, notably vegetarians, who were seen as deviant eaters, and teachers, who had to balance state-regulated goals in HCS against local norms.

    To counteract such problems, teachers can 1) focus on sensory experiences, experimental cooking methods, and already popular foods, 2) challenge normality by the way they speak about and handle different types of food, 3) make cooking and eating more communal and socially inclusive, 4) explore the psychosocial dimension of health on the same level as the physical dimension, and 5) make sure they do not grade students' cultural backgrounds, social identities, or taste preferences. This might go some way towards empowering students to make informed choices about food and health. However, scant resources of things like time, money, and equipment limit what can be achieved in the subject.

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  • 39.
    Bohm, Ingela
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Lindblom, Cecilia
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Åbacka, Gun
    Bengs, Carita
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Hörnell, Agneta
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Absence, deviance and unattainable ideals: Discourses on vegetarianism in the Swedish school subject Home and Consumer Studies2016In: Health Education Journal, ISSN 0017-8969, E-ISSN 1748-8176, Vol. 75, no 6, p. 676-688Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: This study aimed to describe Discourses on vegetarian food in the Swedish school subject Home and Consumer Studies. Design: The study involved the observation of naturally occurring classroom talk, with audio recording and in some cases video-taping. Setting: The study was conducted during Home and Consumer Studies lessons in five different northern Swedish schools. Method: Fifty-nine students and five teachers were observed, recorded and in some cases video-taped. The resulting data were analysed with a focus on big 'D' Discourses. Results: Results indicated that gendered Discourses of absence, deviance and unattainability restricted some students' access to vegetarian food. The absence of meat was constructed as simultaneously healthy and unhealthy, a lack of cultural familiarity with vegetarian cooking made finding recipes difficult and students perceived the loss of taste as very negative. The vegetarian was seen as deviant, with vegetarianism being conceptually equated with sickness. Access to meat-free food required a commitment to a vegetarian lifestyle, and this was seen as a sacrifice and as too much work, not only for the individual but also for others. Conclusion: To counteract the restricted access to vegetarian food, Home and Consumer Studies teachers can redesign activities in the subject with the help of critical food literacy. For example, cooking could focus on popular plant-based dishes instead of 'empty' vegetarian themes, all students could be allowed to share vegetarian dishes instead of reserving them for vegetarians, the possibly strict rules of vegetarianism could be relaxed for those who do not wish to commit to them and vegetarian food could be deliberately connected to strength and masculinity. However, this presupposes sufficient economic resources and ample food storage space.

  • 40.
    Bohn, Dorothee
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography.
    de Bernardi, Cecilia
    Celebrating 30 years louder than hell: exploring commercial and social 'Host Event Zone' developments of the heavy metal festival Wacken Open Air2022In: Annals of Leisure Research, ISSN 1174-5398, Vol. 25, no 1, p. 116-137Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Although respective research has proliferated, little attention has been given to the processual nature of festivals. By drawing upon the concept of host event zones, we examine how different spectators perceive the development of the heavy metal festival Wacken Open Air (WOA) with respect to the dynamics between the festival as a temporary place in which visitors enjoy spectacle and ritual, a commercial site and the everyday living space of local inhabitants. WOA has grown in 30 years from an initiative by a few friends for devoted metal fans into an internationally renowned music mega-event. WOA represents a consumption mediated 'peaceful utopia' where festivalgoers find social meaningfulness in neo-tribes. However, the accelerating mainstream appeal of Wacken Open Air for a non-metal fan audience, which significantly spurt by the media, challenges both regular attendees' experience of this idealized space and the relationship between the host community and the festival.

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  • 41.
    Boman, Ulrika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Police Education Unit at Umeå University.
    Brottsutredares strategier: Vid förhör med misstänkta som använder sin rätt att vara tysta2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This essay is the result of a study of the strategies that investigators/interrogators at the Police's felony department use in interrogations with suspects who use their statutory right not to have to make a statement or participate in an investigation about their own guilt.

    The questions that the study was based on are, what strategies do criminal investigators use when questioning people who use their right not to speak during interrogation? What importance does the interrogator feel the defense attorney has in the interrogation room? How does the interrogator experience the silence from the suspect?

    It is a qualitative study, where the material was collected through interviews with five investigators/interrogators, four police officers and one civilian investigator, with five to thirteen years of experience as an investigator at the Police Agency's Serious Crimes departments, in various locations in Bergslagen and the Stockholm area. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed in thematic analysis, where the study's questions guided the coding of the material.

    The theoretical frame of reference contains Lipsky's theory of Street-Level Bureaucrats, Asplund's concept of social responsibility, Goffman's dramaturgical perspective and Foucault's theory of power and resistance.

     In the thematic analysis, two main categories emerge in the interrogators' strategies, questioning strategies, and contact-making strategies. With subcategories informative/information gathering, neutral/objective, professional and flexible/empathic, interested. As an interrogator, you continue to ask your planned questions even though the suspect does not answer them. Emphasis is placed on being clear and informing the suspect in an objective and professional manner about their statutory rights, they also want to ensure that the information is comprehensible and that the suspect understands. Continuing to ask questions is also seen to inform the suspect and defense attorney about what information is available in the investigation. They try to establish some form of contact with the suspect to get him/her to answer questions, but also have an understanding and awareness of the risk of speaking in interrogation.

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  • 42.
    Bonnedahl, Karl Johan
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå School of Business and Economics (USBE), Business Administration.
    Forsberg, Björn
    Från transporttillväxt till ett hållbart transportsystem.: En kunskapssammanställning och analys avseende drivkrafter för transportökning samt hinder och framgångsfaktorer för omställning.2007Report (Other academic)
  • 43.
    Boström, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology.
    Cross-language information retrieval: en studie av lingvistiska problem och utvecklade översättningsmetoder för lösningar angående informationsåtervinning över språkliga gränser2004Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This essay deals with information retrieval across languages by examining different types of literature in the research areas of linguistics and multilingual information retrieval. The essay argues that the many different languages that co-exist around the globe must be recognised as an essential obstacle for information science. The language barrier today remains a major impediment for the expansion of international information retrieval otherwise made technically and theoretically possible over the last few years by new technical developments, the Internet, digital libraries, globalisation, and moreover many political changes in several countries around the world. The first part of the essay explores linguistic differences and difficulties related to general translations from one language to another, using examples from mainly European languages. It is suggested that these problems and differences also must be acknowledged and regarded as highly important when it comes to information retrieval across languages. The essay continues by reporting on Cross-Language Information Retrieval (CLIR), a relatively new research area where methods for multilingual information retrieval are studied and developed. The object of CLIR is that people in the future shall be able to search for information in their native tongue, but still find relevant information in more than one language. Another goal for the future is the possibility to translate complete documents into a person’s language of preference. The essay reports on four different CLIR-methods currently established for automatically translating queries, subject headings, or, in some cases, complete documents, and thus aid people with little or no knowledge of the language in which he or she is looking for information. The four methods – identified as machine translation, translations using a multilingual thesaurus or a manually produced machine readable dictionary, corpus-based translation, and no translation – are discussed in relation to the linguistic translation difficulties mentioned in the paper’s initial part. The conclusion drawn is that language is exceedingly complex and that while the different CLIR-methods currently developed often can solve one or two of the acknowledged linguistic difficulties, none is able to overcome all. The essay also show, however, that CLIR-scientists are highly aware of the limitations of the different translation methods and that many are trying to get to terms with this by incorporating several sources of translation in one single CLIR-system. The essay finally concludes by looking at CLIR-scientists’ expectations and hopes for the future.

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  • 44.
    Brodin Hansson, Maud
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Police Education Unit at Umeå University.
    Brottsförebyggande arbete mot brott i nära relation: Förändringar i polisens arbete utifrån Initiativ Gryning och projektet IGOR2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Too many women die around the world as a result of being murdered by their husbands and partners in their homes. In Sweden, around 15 women die every year when they are subjected to deadly violence by someone in intimate partnership. This study is about how the Swedish Police in a local police district in Stockholm, and the Police regional command center (RCC) in Stockholm have been affected by the introduction of two projects linked to intimate partnership violence (IPV), Intitative Gryning and IGOR. This study aims to identify changes in the police's working methods in relation to Initiative Gryning and IGOR, and to increase the understanding of the relationship between the working methods in Initiative Gryning, IGOR and the Swedish Police’s new crime prevention strategy. In this qualitative study, 11 police employees within the Police in Stockholm have been interviewed. The informants were active in different police units. The findings show that informants in recent years the police have focused more on IPV. A change in the way IPV cases are handled have been introduced at the RCC in Region Stockholm. The introduction of IGOR in the local police has led to an increase in crime prevention work against IPV. Increase in knowledge regarding which information is important for risk assessment to be carried out is likely to be beneficial for further developing crime prevention work. 

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  • 45.
    Broström, Göran
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Demographic and Ageing Research (CEDAR).
    Edvinsson, Sören
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Demographic and Ageing Research (CEDAR).
    Dribe, Martin
    Centre for Economic Demography, Lund University.
    Eriksson, Björn
    Centre for Economic Demography, Lund University.
    Social class and sex-specific adult mortality during 200 years in Sweden2019Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Recent regional studies on adult mortality and socio-economic status inSweden are merged and also completed with analyses from country-widecensuses in strategic time periods, with the purpose to find out whetherthe locally drawn conclusions about a changing social gradient in mortalitystill holds.The answer is firmly positive: While the upper classes have definiteadvantage in modern time (after, say, the 1960s), the reverse situationholds during the nineteenth and early twentieth century for men. Women, onthe other hand, seem to follow the expected pattern of a positive socialgradient through the last 200 years.

  • 46.
    Brouder, Patrick
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social and Economic Geography.
    Lundmark, Linda
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social and Economic Geography.
    Climate change in Northern Sweden: intra-regional perceptions of vulnerability among winter-oriented tourism businesses2011In: Journal of Sustainable Tourism, ISSN 0966-9582, E-ISSN 1747-7646, Vol. 19, no 8, p. 919-933Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Climate change is a potential threat to society and business. Although research has noted that the tourism sector may be robust on the macro scale, significant losses at local levels have been suggested. This paper examines Upper Norrland, in Northern Sweden, by measuring the perceptions of winter-oriented tourism entrepreneurs. Their perceptions of potential threats from climate change are assessed, including how entrepreneurs view the future, in terms of climate change impacts and sustainability of the region as a winter-tourism destination. A quantitative survey of entrepreneurs (n = 63) gave responses along geographical and operator dimensions to reveal local differences within the Upper Norrland region, showing the coastland to be perceived as more exposed to change than inland areas. Venue-based businesses see climate change as a higher priority than activity-based, potentially mobile, businesses, regardless of their location. The general perception among businesses is that climate change will not drastically impact the tourism sector over the next 10 years. A basic model for mapping local differences is outlined to stimulate further study of the under-researched intra-regional nuances in climate change and tourism research. A case is made for regional planners to use this tool and to educate local businesses on adaptation techniques.

  • 47.
    Brännström, Malin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Várdduo – Centre for Sámi Research. Institute for Arctic Landscape Research (INSARC), Sweden; Luleå University of Technology, Sweden.
    The implementation of Sámi land rights in the Swedish forestry act2024In: The significance of Sámi rights: law, justice, and sustainability for the indigenous sámi in the nordic countries / [ed] Dorothée Cambou; Øyvind Ravna, Routledge, 2024, p. 101-115Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In northern Sweden, large forest areas are used both for timber production and Sámi reindeer herding, and intense forest management practices have had predominantly negative effects on reindeer herding. Through case law, it is elucidated that Sámi land rights are private property rights based on the longtime use of land. At the same time, landowners own the forest areas. Hence, there exists parallel property rights on the same land. This chapter analyses the recognition and protection of Sámi land rights in the Forestry Act, which regulates the landowners’ forest management. The analysis is based on legal mechanisms that are usually used when property rights relations are regulated within Real Estate Law. This type of legal mechanisms is missing in the Forestry Act, and the legislation does not provide an adequate protection of the land rights of the Sámi. Instead, reindeer herding is regarded as a public interest that is balanced in relation to the public interest of timber production. To achieve a just and sustainable development in line with the rights of Indigenous peoples, there is an urgent need for a legislative reform, and the chapter proposes amendments to provide better protection to the land rights of the Sámi.

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  • 48.
    Brännäs, Kurt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Statistics.
    On estimation in econometric systems in the presence of time-varying parameters1980Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Economic systems are often subject to structural variability. For the achievement of correct structural specification in econometric modelling it is then important to allow for parameters that are time-varying, and to apply estimation techniques suitably designed for inference in such models. One realistic model assumption for such parameter variability is the Markovian model, and Kaiman filtering is then assumed to be a convenient estimator. In the thesis several aspects of using Kaiman filtering approaches to estimation in that framework are considered. The application of the Kaiman filter to estimation in econometric models is straightforward if a set of basic assumptions are satisfied, and if necessary initial specifications can be accurately made. Typically, however, these requirements can generally not be perfectly met. It is therefore of great importance to know the consequences of deviations from the basic assumptions and correct initial specifications for inference, in particular for the small sample situations typical in econometrics. If the consequences are severe it is essential to develop techniques to cope with such aspects.For estimation in interdependent systems a two stage Kaiman filter is proposed and evaluated, theoretically, as well as by a small sample Monte Carlo study, and empirically. The estimator is approximative, but with promising small sample properties. Only if the transition matrix of the parameter model and an initial parameter vector are misspecified, the performance deteriorates. Furthermore, the approach provides useful information about structural properties, and forms a basis for good short term forecasting.In a reduced form fraaework most of the basic assumptions of the traditional Kaiman filter are relaxed, and the implications are studied. The case of stochastic regressors is, under reasonable additional assumptions, shown to result in an estimator structurally similar to that due to the basic assumptions. The robustness properties are such that in particular the transition matrix and the initial parameter vector should be carefully estimated. An estimator for the joint estimation of the transition matrix, the parameter vector and the model residual variance is suggested and utilized to study the consequences of a misspecified parameter model. By estimating th transitions the parameter estimates are seen to be robust in this respect.

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    On estimation in econometric systems in the presence of time-varying parameters
  • 49.
    Bäcklund, Catharina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Sundelin, Gunnevi
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Larsson, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Effect of a 1-year lifestyle intervention on physical activity in overweight and obese children2011In: Advances in Physiotherapy, ISSN 1403-8196, E-ISSN 1651-1948, Vol. 13, no 3, p. 87-96Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study evaluated the effect of a family-based multifactor intervention programme on physical activity among overweight or obese children. Children (n = 105, mean age 10.6 ± 1.07 years) with overweight or obesity were randomized into an intervention or control group. The intervention group participated in a 1-year programme aiming at lifestyle changes regarding food habits and physical activity. All children's physical activity was measured using SenseWear Armband at baseline and after 1 year. The children in both groups had a physical activity level (PAL) of 1.67 (0.27) at baseline. When comparing the intervention and control groups, no significant differences were found in physical activity outcome variables after 1 year of intervention. Contrarily to the hypotheses, both groups decreased their energy expenditure and time spent at >3 MET, and there was no change in steps and screen time after 1 year. Despite extensive efforts, the intervention showed no significant positive effect on overweight and obese children's PAL. Further studies are needed to obtain more knowledge on how to maintain or increase the PAL successfully among overweight and obese children.

    Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/14038196.2011.566353

  • 50.
    Bäcklund, Catharina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Sundelin, Gunnevi
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Larsson, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Effects on physical activity of a 2-year lifestyle intervention in overweight and obese children2011In: Advances in Physiotherapy, ISSN 1403-8196, E-ISSN 1651-1948, Vol. 13, no 3, p. 97-109Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim was to examine the effect on physical activity of a 2-year family-based lifestyle intervention among overweight and obese Swedish children 8–12 years of age; 105 children were randomized to either intervention or control group. The intervention group was offered a 2-year lifestyle programme. Physical activity was measured using SenseWear Pro2 Armband during 4 consecutive days before and after the intervention. When comparing the intervention and control groups, no significant differences were found in the physical activity outcome variables after 2 years of intervention. However, the intervention group decreased their number of steps per day by 13%, p = 0.003 but had an unchanged screen time, whereas the control group had an unchanged number of steps but increased their screen time by 15%, p = 0.02, from baseline to 2-year measurement. There were no significant change in the intervention group, whereas significantly fewer children in the control group achieved the physical activity recommendations at 2-year measurement (88%) compared with at baseline (98%), p = 0.007. Future interventions regarding physical activity among overweight and obese children are of great importance even though the present one showed limited effects. In the continuing work, a greater effect may be received with an extended and more intense intervention regarding physical activity, focusing on reducing sedentary time rather than increasing the physical activity level.

    Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/14038196.2011.562540

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