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  • 1. Kivimäki, Mika
    et al.
    Luukkonen, Ritva
    Batty, G. David
    Ferrie, Jane E.
    Pentti, Jaana
    Nyberg, Solja T.
    Shipley, Martin J.
    Alfredsson, Lars
    Fransson, Eleonor I.
    Goldberg, Marcel
    Knutsson, Anders
    Koskenvuo, Markku
    Kuosma, Eeva
    Nordin, Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. Division of Epidemiology, Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Suominen, Sakari B.
    Theorell, Töres
    Vuoksimaa, Eero
    Westerholm, Peter
    Westerlund, Hugo
    Zins, Marie
    Kivipelto, Miia
    Vahtera, Jussi
    Kaprio, Jaakko
    Singh-Manoux, Archana
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK; Population-based Epidemiologic Cohort Unit, UMS 011, Inserm, Villejuif, France.
    Jokela, Markus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. Institute of Behavioral Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
    Body mass index and risk of dementia: Analysis of individual-level data from 1.3 million individuals2018In: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, ISSN 1552-5260, E-ISSN 1552-5279, Vol. 14, no 5, p. 601-609Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Higher midlife body mass index (BMI) is suggested to increase the risk of dementia, but weight loss during the preclinical dementia phase may mask such effects. Methods: We examined this hypothesis in 1,349,857 dementia-free participants from 39 cohort studies. BMI was assessed at baseline. Dementia was ascertained at follow-up using linkage to electronic health records (N = 6894). We assumed BMI is little affected by preclinical dementia when assessed decades before dementia onset and much affected when assessed nearer diagnosis. Results: Hazard ratios per 5-kg/m(2) increase in BMI for dementia were 0.71 (95% confidence interval = 0.66-0.77), 0.94 (0.89-0.99), and 1.16 (1.05-1.27) when BMI was assessed 10 years, 10-20 years, and >20 years before dementia diagnosis. Conclusions: The association between BMI and dementia is likely to be attributable to two different processes: a harmful effect of higher BMI, which is observable in long follow-up, and a reverse-causation effect that makes a higher BMI to appear protective when the follow-up is short. 

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  • 2. Kivipelto, Miia
    et al.
    Solomon, Alina
    Ahtiluoto, Satu
    Ngandu, Tiia
    Lehtisalo, Jenni
    Antikainen, Riitta
    Backman, Lars
    Hanninen, Tuomo
    Jula, Antti
    Laatikainen, Tiina
    Lindstrom, Jaana
    Mangialasche, Francesca
    Nissinen, Aulikki
    Paajanen, Teemu
    Pajala, Satu
    Peltonen, Markku
    Rauramaa, Rainer
    Stigsdotter-Neely, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Strandberg, Timo
    Tuomilehto, Jaakko
    Soininen, Hilkka
    The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER): Study design and progress2013In: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, ISSN 1552-5260, E-ISSN 1552-5279, Vol. 9, no 6, p. 657-665Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) is a multi-center, randomized, controlled trial ongoing in Finland.

    Materials: Participants (1200 individuals at risk of cognitive decline) are recruited from previous population-based non-intervention studies. Inclusion criteria are CAIDE Dementia Risk Score >= 6 and cognitive performance at the mean level or slightly lower than expected for age (but not substantial impairment) assessed with the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) neuropsychological battery. The 2-year multidomain intervention consists of: nutritional guidance; exercise; cognitive training and social activity; and management of metabolic and vascular risk factors. Persons in the control group receive regular health advice. The primary outcome is cognitive performance as measured by the modified Neuropsychological Test Battery, Stroop test, and Trail Making Test. Main secondary outcomes are: dementia (after extended follow-up); disability; depressive symptoms; vascular risk factors and outcomes; quality of life; utilization of health resources; and neuroimaging measures.

    Results: Screening began in September 2009 and was completed in December 2011. All 1200 persons are enrolled and the intervention is ongoing as planned. Baseline clinical characteristics indicate that several vascular risk factors and unhealthy lifestyle related factors are present, creating a window of opportunity for prevention. The intervention will be completed during 2014.

    Conclusions: The FINGER is at the forefront of international collaborative efforts to solve the clinical and public health problems of early identification of individuals at increased risk of late-life cognitive impairment, and of developing intervention strategies to prevent or delay the onset of cognitive impairment and dementia.

  • 3. Lill, Christina M.
    et al.
    Rengmark, Aina
    Pihlstrom, Lasse
    Fogh, Isabella
    Shatunov, Aleksey
    Sleiman, Patrick M.
    Wang, Li-San
    Liu, Tian
    Lassen, Christina F.
    Meissner, Esther
    Alexopoulos, Panos
    Calvo, Andrea
    Chio, Adriano
    Dizdar, Nil
    Faltraco, Frank
    Forsgren, Lars
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience.
    Kirchheiner, Julia
    Kurz, Alexander
    Larsen, Jan P.
    Liebsch, Maria
    Linder, Jan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience.
    Morrison, Karen E.
    Nissbrandt, Hans
    Otto, Markus
    Pahnke, Jens
    Partch, Amanda
    Restagno, Gabriella
    Rujescu, Dan
    Schnack, Cathrin
    Shaw, Christopher E.
    Shaw, Pamela J.
    Tumani, Hayrettin
    Tysnes, Ole-Bjorn
    Valladares, Otto
    Silani, Vincenzo
    van den Berg, Leonard H.
    van Rheenen, Wouter
    Veldink, Jan H.
    Lindenberger, Ulman
    Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth
    Teipel, Stefan
    Perneczky, Robert
    Hakonarson, Hakon
    Hampel, Harald
    von Arnim, Christine A. F.
    Olsen, Jorgen H.
    Van Deerlin, Vivianna M.
    Al-Chalabi, Ammar
    Toft, Mathias
    Ritz, Beate
    Bertram, Lars
    The role of TREM2 R47H as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease2015In: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, ISSN 1552-5260, E-ISSN 1552-5279, Vol. 11, no 12, p. 1407-1416Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A rare variant in TREM2 (p.R47H, rs75932628) was recently reported to increase the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and, subsequently, other neurodegenerative diseases, i.e. frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Here we comprehensively assessed TREM2 rs75932628 for association with these diseases in a total of 19,940 previously untyped subjects of European descent. These data were combined with those from 28 published data sets by meta-analysis. Furthermore, we tested whether rs75932628 shows association with amyloid beta (Ab42) and total-tau protein levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 828 individuals with AD or mild cognitive impairment. Our data show that rs75932628 is highly significantly associated with the risk of AD across 24,086 AD cases and 148,993 controls of European descent (odds ratio or OR = 2.71, P = 4.67 x 10(-25)). No consistent evidence for association was found between this marker and the risk of FTLD (OR = 2.24, P = .0113 across 2673 cases/9283 controls), PD (OR 5 1.36, P = .0767 across 8311 cases/79,938 controls) and ALS (OR 5 1.41, P = .198 across 5544 cases/7072 controls). Furthermore, carriers of the rs75932628 risk allele showed significantly increased levels of CSF-total-tau (P = .0110) but not Ab42 suggesting that TREM2's role in AD may involve tau dysfunction. (C) 2015 The Alzheimer's Association.

  • 4.
    Lunde, Kristin Aaser
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience.
    Chung, Janete
    Dalen, Ingvild
    Pedersen, Kenn Freddy
    Linder, Jan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience.
    Domellöf, Magdalena E.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience.
    Elgh, Eva
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Macleod, Agnus D
    Tzoulis, Charalampos
    Larsen, Jan-Petter
    Tysnen, Ole-Bjørn
    Forsgren, Lars
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience.
    Counsell, Carl E.
    Alves, Guido
    Maple-Grødem, Jodi
    Association of glucocerebrosidase polymorphisms and mutations with dementia in incident Parkinson's disease2018In: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, ISSN 1552-5260, E-ISSN 1552-5279, ISSN 1552-5260, Vol. 14, no 10, p. 1293-1301Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction

    Both polymorphisms and mutations in glucocerebrosidase (GBA) may influence the development of dementia in patients with Parkinson's disease.

    Methods

    Four hundred forty-two patients and 419 controls were followed for 7 years. Dementia was diagnosed using established criteria. Participants were analyzed for GBA genetic variants, including E326K, T369M, and L444P. Associations between GBA carrier status and dementia were assessed with Cox survival analysis.

    Results

    A total of 12.0% of patients with Parkinson's disease carried a GBA variant, and nearly half (22/53) of them progressed to dementia during follow-up. Carriers of deleterious GBA mutations (adjusted hazard ratio 3.81, 95% confidence interval 1.35 to 10.72; P = .011) or polymorphisms (adjusted hazard ratio 1.79; 95% confidence interval 1.07 to 3.00; P = .028) progressed to dementia more rapidly than noncarriers.

    Discussion

    GBA variants are of great clinical relevance for the development of dementia in Parkinson's disease, especially due to the relatively higher frequency of these alleles compared with other risk alleles.

  • 5.
    Lövheim, Hugo
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine.
    Elgh, Fredrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology.
    Johansson, Anders
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Zetterberg, Henrik
    Blennow, Kaj
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Eriksson, Sture
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research.
    Plasma concentrations of free amyloid β cannot predict the development of Alzheimer's disease2017In: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, ISSN 1552-5260, E-ISSN 1552-5279, Vol. 13, no 7, p. 778-782Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Biomarkers that identify individuals at risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) development would be highly valuable. Plasma concentration of amyloid β (Aβ)—central in the pathogenesis of AD—is a logical candidate, but studies to date have produced conflicting results on its utility.

    Methods: Plasma samples from 339 preclinical AD cases (76.4% women, mean age 61.3 years) and 339 age- and sex-matched dementia-free controls, taken an average of 9.4 years before AD diagnosis, were analyzed using Luminex xMAP technology and INNO-BIA plasma Aβ form assays to determine concentrations of free plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42.

    Results: Plasma concentrations of free Aβ40 and Aβ42 did not differ between preclinical AD cases and dementia-free controls, in the full sample or in subgroups defined according to sex and age group (<60 and ≥ 60 years). The interval between sampling and AD diagnosis did not affect the results. Aβ concentrations did not change in the years preceding AD diagnosis among individuals for whom longitudinal samples were available.

    Discussion: Plasma concentrations of free Aβ could not predict the development of clinical AD, and Aβ concentrations did not change in the years preceding AD diagnosis in this sample. These results indicate that free plasma Aβ is not a useful biomarker for the identification of individuals at risk of developing clinical AD.

  • 6.
    Lövheim, Hugo
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine.
    Gilthorpe, Jonathan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience.
    Adolfsson, Rolf
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry.
    Nilsson, Lars-Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå Centre for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI). Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Elgh, Fredrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology.
    Reactivated herpes simplex infection increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease2015In: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, ISSN 1552-5260, E-ISSN 1552-5279, Vol. 11, no 6, p. 593-599Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested a link between herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

    METHODS: The present analysis included 3432 persons (53.9% women, mean age at inclusion 62.7 ± 14.4 years) with a mean follow-up time of 11.3 years. The number of incident AD cases was 245. Serum samples were analyzed for anti-HSV antibodies (immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

    RESULTS: The presence of anti-HSV IgG antibodies was not associated with an increased risk for AD, controlled for age and sex (hazard ratio, HR, 0.993, P = .979). However, the presence of anti-HSV IgM at baseline was associated with an increased risk of developing AD (HR 1.959, P = .012).

    CONCLUSION: Positivity for anti-HSV IgM, a sign of reactivated infection, was found to almost double the risk for AD, whereas the presence of anti-HSV IgG antibodies did not affect the risk.

  • 7.
    Lövheim, Hugo
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine.
    Gilthorpe, Jonathan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience.
    Johansson, Anders
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Odontology, School of Dentistry.
    Eriksson, Sture
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Nutritional Research. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biobank Research.
    Elgh, Fredrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Virology.
    Herpes simplex infection and the risk of Alzheimer's disease: a nested case-control study2015In: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, ISSN 1552-5260, E-ISSN 1552-5279, Vol. 11, no 6, p. 587-592Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is thought to play an etiological role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

    METHODS: Plasma samples from 360 AD cases (75.3% women, mean age 61.2 years) and 360 age- and sex-matched dementia-free controls, taken on average 9.6 years before AD diagnosis, were analyzed for anti-HSV antibodies (immunoglobulin G, IgG, and immunoglobulin M, IgM) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

    RESULTS: In the complete sample group, the presence of anti-HSV IgG and IgM antibodies did not increase the risk of AD significantly (odds ratio (OR) 1.636, P = .069 and OR 1.368, P = .299, respectively). In cases with 6.6 years or more between plasma sampling and AD diagnosis (n = 270), there was a significant association between presence of anti-HSV IgG antibodies and AD (OR 2.250, P = .019).

    CONCLUSION: Among persons with a follow-up time of 6.6 years or more, HSV infection was significantly associated with AD.

  • 8.
    Mohr, Wiebke
    et al.
    German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
    Raedke, Anika
    Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Greifswald, Germany.
    Afi, Adel
    German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases e.V. (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
    Edvardsson, David
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing. School of Nursing & Midwifery, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia.
    Mühlichen, Franka
    German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
    Platen, Moritz
    German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases e.V. (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
    Roes, Martina
    German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases e.V. (DZNE), Site Witten, Witten, Germany.
    Michalowsky, Bernhard
    German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
    Hoffmann, Wolfgang
    German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; Greifswald, Institute for Community Medicine / University of Greifswald, Germany.
    Key components of person-centered care for people with dementia: A systematic review of interventions to design a patient preference study2021In: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, ISSN 1552-5260, E-ISSN 1552-5279, Vol. 17, no S7, p. e052134-Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: To provide Person-Centered Care (PCC) for People with Dementia (PwD), patient's stated preferences must be known. Data about stated care-preferences among PwD are limited. This study aimed to identify key components of PCC for PwD by a systematic review of PCC-interventions, to inform the construction of a decision model for PwD-preference elicitation.

    METHOD: A protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021225084). A search of the concepts Dementia, Person-Centered Care, and Intervention was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science in Nov2020. Study selection was based on 2-stage screening against eligibility criteria, limited to randomized controlled trials (RCT) and nonrandomized controlled study (NRS) designs. Risk of bias was assessed with version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB2) and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for nonrandomized studies. Information about authors, interventions, and outcomes were extracted and entered into an "Effects Table". The identified PCC-interventions were thus synthesized into intervention categories to form key components of PCC.

    RESULT: Searches identified 1781 records. 19 studies (15 RCT, 4 NRS) were included after screening. The quality of the studies varied between low to moderate. The individual interventions covered a wide range of non-pharmacological, psychosocial offers, oftentimes bundled in multi-component intervention-sets. Nine intervention categories, i.e. key components of PCC to inform the construction of a decision model for PwD-preference elicitation, emerged from data synthesis: sensory enhancement/relaxation, social contact, cognitive training, validation and reminiscence, physical activities, environmental adjustments, caregiver training and support, care organization and daily living assistance. Effect measures included i.a. agitation, quality of life, antipsychotic use, depression, neuropsychiatric symptoms and behavior, with mixed results concerning the effect of the PCC interventions. All studies were conducted in nursery home or hospital settings.

    CONCLUSION: Nine intervention categories as key components of PCC to inform the construction of a decision model for PwD-preference elicitation could be identified. As the findings were limited to nursery home and hospital settings, community-dwelling PwD and the primary care-setting should find greater consideration for future investigations on PCC interventions and patient preference studies.

  • 9. Rosenberg, Anna
    et al.
    Ngandu, Tiia
    Rusanen, Minna
    Antikainen, Riitta
    Bäckman, Lars
    Havulinna, Satu
    Hänninen, Tuomo
    Laatikainen, Tiina
    Lehtisalo, Jenni
    Levälahti, Esko
    Lindström, Jaana
    Paajanen, Teemu
    Peltonen, Markku
    Soininen, Hilkka
    Stigsdotter-Neely, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. Department of Social and Psychological Sciences, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Strandberg, Timo
    Tuomilehto, Jaakko
    Solomon, Alina
    Kivipelto, Miia
    Multidomain lifestyle intervention benefits a large elderly population at risk for cognitive decline and dementia regardless of baseline characteristics: The FINGER trial2018In: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, ISSN 1552-5260, E-ISSN 1552-5279, Vol. 14, no 3, p. 263-270Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: The 2-year Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) multidomain lifestyle intervention trial (NCT01041989) demonstrated beneficial effects on cognition. We investigated whether sociodemographics, socioeconomic status, baseline cognition, or cardiovascular factors influenced intervention effects on cognition.

    Methods: The FINGER recruited 1260 people from the general Finnish population (60-77 years, at risk for dementia). Participants were randomized 1: 1 to multidomain intervention (diet, exercise, cognition, and vascular risk management) and regular health advice. Primary outcome was change in cognition (Neuropsychological Test Battery z-score). Prespecified analyses to investigate whether participants' characteristics modified response to intervention were carried out using mixed-model repeated-measures analyses.

    Results: Sociodemographics (sex, age, and education), socioeconomic status (income), cognition (Mini-Mental State Examination), cardiovascular factors (body mass index, blood pressure, cholesterol, fasting glucose, and overall cardiovascular risk), and cardiovascular comorbidity did not modify response to intervention (P-values for interaction > .05). Conclusions: The FINGER intervention was beneficial regardless of participants' characteristics and can thus be implemented in a large elderly population at increased risk for dementia. 

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  • 10.
    Rönnlund, Michael
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology.
    Sundström, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Demographic and Ageing Research (CEDAR).
    Adolfsson, Rolf
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry.
    Nilsson, Lars-Göran
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå Centre for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI). Aging Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Subjective memory impairment in older adults predicts future dementia independent of baseline memory performance: Evidence from the Betula prospective cohort study2015In: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, ISSN 1552-5260, E-ISSN 1552-5279, Vol. 11, no 11, p. 1385-1392Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    INTRODUCTION: The objective was to examine whether subjective memory impairment (SMI) predicts all-cause dementia or Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a population-based study with long-term follow-up (median = 10 years).

    METHODS: A total of 2043 initially dementia-free participants (≥ 60 years) made three memory ratings ("compared with others", "compared with five years ago", and "complaints from family/friends") at baseline. During follow-up, 372 participants developed dementia (208 with AD).

    RESULTS: Cox regression revealed that subjective memory impairment ratings predicted all-cause dementia in models adjusting for age and sex (hazard ratio or HR from 2.04 to 3.94), with even higher values for AD (HR from 2.29 to 5.74). The result persisted in models including other covariates, including baseline episodic memory performance, and in analyses restricted to participants with long time to dementia diagnosis (≥ 5 years).

    DISCUSSION: The findings underscore the usefulness of subjective memory assessment in combination with other factors in identifying individuals at risk for developing dementia.

  • 11.
    Sundström, Anna
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Population Studies (CPS).
    Westerlund, Olle
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå School of Business and Economics (USBE), Economics.
    Mousavi-Nasab, SM Hossein
    Adolfsson, Rolf
    Nilsson, Lars-Göran
    Relationship between marital and parental status and risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease2013In: Alzheimer's & Dementia: Journal of the Alzheimer's Association, ISSN 1552-5260, E-ISSN 1552-5279, Vol. 9, no 4, Supplement, p. P631-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: There is increasing evidence that social network factors may affect risk of developing dementia. The objective of the present study was to examine the association between marital and parental status separately and their combined effect on the risk of incident dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: A total of 1707 members of a population-based prospective cohort study aged 65 and over were followed for an average period of 9.5 years. During follow-up, 393 participants were diagnosed with dementia, including 221 of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Age, sex, education, smoking, vascular diseases, depressive symptoms, and stressful negative life events were used as covariates. Results: Cox logistic regression revealed that unmarried have a greater incidence of dementia and AD compared to married. Participants that were childless were also more likely to develop dementia and AD than those who were parents. Examining the combined effects of marital and parental status revealed that the already negative effect of being unmarried was further enhanced if the individuals were also childless. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that both marital and parental statuses are associated with risk of dementia and that the effect of marital status need to be examined while taking into account parenthood. Further studies are needed to confirm our finding and to explore the mechanisms underlying this association.

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