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  • 1.
    Alacevska, Zorica
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Pausgympa på arbetstid: För Vårdadministratörer/medicinska sekreterare2018Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 2.
    Andersson, Amandah
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Ensamstående mödrar i den jämställda föräldraledigheten: Den historiska utvecklingen i relationen mellan föräldrapenning och ensamstående mödrar från 1880 till 20172018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Denna uppsats handlar om relationen mellan föräldraledighet och ensamstående mödrar. Med ett långt tillbakagående historiskt avstamp, ämnar uppsatsen undersöka normer omkring föräldraskap, när och hur föräldraledighet först infördes och hur den utvecklats, och hur den ensamstående modern inkluderats, eller exkluderats, i sammanhanget. Uppsatsen avhandlar en tid om 137 år, som är uppdelad i fyra mindre tidsperioder. Utifrån en genuskonstruktivistisk teoriram bestående av fyra element – ett kulturellt, ett normativt, ett institutionellt och ett om subjektiv identitet – appliceras en analysmodell i respektive tidsperiod, för en strukturell bearbetning av material som bidrar till uppsatsens övergripande syfte. Tack vare en periodindelning, synliggörs förändringar men det är också möjligt att identifiera vilka normer som kvarstår. Genusroller har gett stor påverkan på kvinnor och mäns förväntade antaganden och medborgaransvar över en lång tid och fastän förändringar har skett, har vissa strukturer överlevt.

    Inom ramen för den svenska föräldraförsäkringen, får juridiska vårdnadshavare till barn som omfattas av den svenska socialförsäkringen 480 dagar i föräldrapenning, som kan tas ut i ändamål att avstå arbete för att ta hand om barn med ekonomisk ersättning. Vid fall då barnet har en juridisk vårdnadshavare, tillfaller alla föräldrapenningdagar denna, men om barnet har två juridiska vårdnadshavare – vilket en majoritet av alla barn i Sverige har idag – delas föräldrapenningen rakt av mellan dem 150 av de 240 föräldrapenningdagarna en förälder får överföringsbara, men 90 dagar är öronmärkta för respektive förälder. När föräldraförsäkringen infördes år 1974 – innan föräldraförsäkringen fanns en moderskapsförsäkring som endast riktade sig mot mödrar – var inga dagar reserverade för någon förälder, men över tiden då mönstret att kvinnor tog ut en stor majoritet av all föräldrapenning vidtog politiker åtgärder för att jämna ut den sneda fördelningen av föräldraledighetsuttag: jämställdhetsåtgärder! Från och med 1995 har föräldrapenningdagar öronmärkts i tre etapper i jämställdhetens namn.

    För föräldrar som inte lever ihop kan det vara praktiskt svårt att dela på en föräldraledighet med ett litet barn. Historiskt sett är det oftast kvinnor som lever ensamma med barn och idag är det vanligast att även separerade föräldrar har gemensam vårdnad, alltså delas föräldrapenningen mellan föräldrar som inte lever ihop. Med ett stort historiskt perspektiv, söker studien förklaring på hur normer producerats och vilka som upprätthålls i konstruktionen av villkoren för föräldraledighet: på vilka premisser är den formulerad, vilken funktion ämnar den att fylla? Utifrån dessa förställningar reflekteras därefter ensamstående mödrars villkor i fråga om föräldraledighet.

    Uppsatsens slutsatser är att föräldraledighetsvillkoren, för det första, är baserade på en stark tvåsamhetsnorm. Detta har lett till att det jämställdhetskoncept som innebär att logiken för att syftet med jämställdhetsåtgärderna – det vill säga att män ska ta ut en högre andel föräldrapenning – är anpassat för att män ska ersätta kvinnors traditionella tid och ansvar i hemmet. Detta jämställdhetskoncept är sedermera inte applicerbart på ensamstående mödrar, då hon inte har någon man som ersätter henne i hemmet. För det andra, saknar jämställdhetssträvan i en stor utsträckning en nyansering av maktrelationer och inkludering av fler perspektiv än enbart den normativa tvåsamhetens.

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    Ensamstående möddrar i den jämställda föräldraledigheten
  • 3.
    Andersson, Beatrice
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Välfärdens framtida utmaningar och möjligheter: En jämförande studie mellan långtidsutredningarna från 1999/2000 och 20152017Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 4.
    Andersson, Fredrik
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet.
    Pettersson, Thomas
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Between private interests and the state: corporatist strategies in the Swedish railway council, 1902-19672015In: Journal of Transport History, ISSN 0022-5266, E-ISSN 1759-3999, Vol. 36, no 2, p. 151-169Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study explores the strategies employed by the Swedish Railway Council to influence national railway policy from 1902 to 1967. The Council was a corporatist arrangement and functioned as a broker between industrial and regional interests and the public railways. The results show that though the Council's policy influence in many cases was marginal, there were occasions when the members could use the Council as a tool to influence railway policy, most notably the division of the network into profitable and unprofitable lines, with different forms of government subsidies. The Council's influence increased through a shift in arguments, from a position that tariffs should be high enough to deliver a return on the invested capital, to an emphasis on having tariffs that could support national and regional economic development, even if it created commercial losses. When Swedish transport policy shifted in the 1960s, the Railway Council gradually lost its importance and eventually dissolved.

  • 5.
    Andersson, Jenny
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Journal via nätet: "Den ökade digitaliseringen av vården"2016Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 6.
    Andersson, Lars Fredrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Järnvägen omistlig del av Umeåregionens utveckling2013In: Umeå 1314-2014: 100 berättelser om 700 år / [ed] Lars-Gunnar Olsson, Susanne Haugen; Lars-Erik Edlund och Lars-Göran Tedebrand, Skellefteå: Artos & Norma bokförlag, 2013, p. 142-143Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 7.
    Andersson, Lars-Fredrik
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Bergquist, Ann-Kristin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Eriksson, Rikard
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic and social geography.
    Profits, dividends and industry restructuring: the Swedish paper and pulp industry between 1945 and 19772016In: Scandinavian Economic History Review, ISSN 0358-5522, E-ISSN 1750-2837, Vol. 64, no 3, p. 278-296Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper explores the role of profit distribution in the restructuring of the Swedish paper and pulp industry between 1945 and 1977. In addressing this issue, we will draw on the life-cycle theory and market imperfection arguments to examine whether the less profitable firms shared more of their profits as dividends, or remained on the market longer by reinvesting the majority of the profits. Our study shows that an increasing share of the profits was distributed to owners over time, and thus less profit was reinvested in industrial renewal. We find that the observed general upward trend in dividends can be attributed to the decline in profit and firm legacy, as firms in the Swedish pulp and paper industry kept dividends up while reducing reinvestment as their profit margins decreased over time. Our study shows that the market imperfections related to capital taxation and investment funds increased rather than decreased dividends.

  • 8.
    Andersson, Lars-Fredrik
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Eriksson, Liselotte
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå Centre for Gender Studies (UCGS).
    Exclusion of women and organizational characteristics: Swedish mutual health insurance 1901-19102019In: Business History, ISSN 0007-6791, E-ISSN 1743-7938, Vol. 61, no 8, p. 1352-1378Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Mutual societies have been recognised for their ability to mitigate information asymmetry. Although successful in reducing sickness claims, the exclusion of women was common. Health insurance societies argued the exclusion was a means to reduce adverse selection and moral hazard since women were regarded as higher risk. In this paper, we explore differences in organisational characteristics between societies that excluded and societies that did not exclude women as members between 1901 to 1910. Based on panel data, the study shows that societies that excluded women were less successful in keeping down sickness claims, in relation to benefits, than gendermixed societies

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    fulltext
    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 9.
    Andersson, Lars-Fredrik
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Eriksson, Rikard
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic and social geography.
    Hane-Weijman, Emelie
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic and social geography.
    Växande Regionala Obalanser2018In: Ekonomisk Debatt, ISSN 0345-2646, Vol. 46, no 8, p. 52-63Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Den svenska ekonomiska geografin genomgår en snabb förändring. Allt fler tjänstejobb skapas i storstäderna. I takt med att industrijobben minskar bidrar det till färre jobb totalt sett utanför storstäderna. Det hänger samman med storstädernas ekonomiska mångfald: att tjänsterna växer fram i nära koppling till andra relaterade verksamheter. Många tjänster kräver specialkompetenser och hög utbildning, resurser som främst finns i storstäder. Därtill finns starkare efterfrågan kopplad till högre privat köpkraft och offentlig konsumtion. Då dessa processer i hög grad är självförstärkande, spelar politiken en viktig roll för att hantera omvandlingens negativa effekter.

  • 10.
    Andersson, Lars-Fredrik
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Lindmark, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Adams, Mike
    School of Management, University of Bath.
    Upreti, Vineet
    School of Management, University of Bath.
    The determinants of investment returns in the fire insurance industry: the case of Sweden, 1903-19392013In: Financial History Review, ISSN 0968-5650, E-ISSN 1474-0052, Vol. 20, no 1, p. 73-89Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Weemploy a panel data research design to examine the determinants of investmentreturns in the Swedish property fire insurance industry from 1903 to 1939 – aperiod of great economic and political uncertainty. Contrary to expectations,we find that mutual fire insurers generated systematically higher investmentreturns than stock fire insurers. Investment returns are inversely related toleverage but positively related to liquidity, showing that firms adopting amore precautionary investment strategy attain higher returns.

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    fulltext
  • 11.
    Andersson, Madeleine
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Journal på nätet: Utifrån vårdadministratörens synvinkel2016Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 12.
    Andersson-Skog, Lena
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    "...att befordra landets förkofvran...": ekonomiska reformer i brytningstid 1846-18902013In: Näringsfrihetens tid: reformer, industriutveckling, kulturklimat, Bromma: Centrum för näringslivshistoria , 2013, p. 21-41Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 13.
    Andersson-Skog, Lena
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Belysning av relationen mellan entreprenörskap och varumärke2014In: Respons, no 4Article, book review (Other academic)
  • 14.
    Andersson-Skog, Lena
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economic History. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Ikea markandsför det svenska folkhemmet2015In: Respons, no 1Article, book review (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 15.
    Andersson-Skog, Lena
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economic History. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Kriser, motståndskraft och förändringsförmåga2017Manuscript (preprint) (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 16.
    Andersson-Skog, Lena
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Lindmark, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economic History.
    Samförstånd, spänning och förändring: institutioner och ekonomisk tillväxt i svensk ekonomisk historia under 150 år2017In: Marknad och politik / [ed] Lars Hultkrantz och Pär Österholm, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 2017, 12, p. 11-39Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 17.
    Andersson-Skog, Lena
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Magnusson, Lars
    Uppsala universitet.
    1864-1914: samhällsdynamik och industrialisering2014In: Det svenska näringslivets historia 1864-2014 / [ed] Mats Larsson, Lena Andersson-Skog, Stockholm: Dialogos Förlag, 2014, p. 14-197Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 18.
    Andersson-Skog, Lena
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Ottosson, Jan
    Stat och marknad i historiskt perspektiv: från 1850 till idag2018Book (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    I dag ser vi stora förändringar i det svenska samhället i form av avregleringar – eller snarare omregleringar. Samtidigt har debatten om avregleringarna i den svenska ekonomin polariserats alltmer. Å ena sidan framställs avregleringsvågen som något naturnödvändigt och helt självklart. Å andra sidan ses den som en del av högersammansvärjning, ägnat att torpedera välfärdssamhället. Bakom båda uppfattningarna finns föreställningen att avregleringarna är en avvikelse eller nyorientering från ett läge där regleringar alltid har funnits - alltså att perioden efter 1990 skulle vara unik.

    Författarna sätter detta fenomen i ett större perspektiv genom att diskutera och dra lärdomar från ett antal omreglerade sektorer i den svenska ekonomin. De använder historiska exempel för att belysa olika faser i vår moderna regleringshistoria. Exemplen berör sektorerna som järnvägen, telekommunikationer, posten, bussbranschen, flyget, elsektorn, vård och skola och apotek.

    Hur såg omvandlingen till en reglerad ekonomi ut i Sverige, och vilka drivkrafter låg bakom dessa förändringar?

  • 19.
    Arvidsson, Mikael
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Småspararna mot industrikoncernen: Ägarinflytande över ett binationellt industriavtal mellan Volvo och Norge i slutet på 1970-talet2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 20.
    Backteman, Rose-Marie
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Hörde jag rätt?: Hörselskadades upplevelser av hur kommunikationen fungerar i mötet med hälso- och sjukvården - En intervjustudie2015Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 21.
    Berglund, Madeleine
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Läkarsekreterare då och nu: En undersökning av yrkets förändringar mellan 1940 och 20002013Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 22.
    Bergquist, Ann-Kristin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Dilemmas of going green: environmental strategies in the Swedish mining company Boliden, 1960-20002017In: Green capitalism?: business and the environment in the twentieth century / [ed] Hartmut Berghoff and Adam Rome, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2017, p. 149-171Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 23.
    Bergquist, Ann-Kristin
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Söderholm, Kristina
    Kinneryd, Hanna
    Lindmark, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Söderholm, Patrik
    Command-and-control revisited: environmental compliance and technological change in Swedish industry 1970–19902013In: Ecological Economics, ISSN 0921-8009, E-ISSN 1873-6106, Vol. 85, p. 6-19Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper addresses the issue of environmental policy instrument choice for achieving deep emission reductions in the industrial sector. Specifically, it provides: (a) a theoretical and empirical review of the conditions under which performance standards can provide efficient incentives for deep emission reductions and technology adoption; and (b) an analysis of the design and the outcomes of the standards-based regulation of industrial pollutants in Sweden during the period 1970–1990. Our empirical findings suggest that the Swedish regulatory approach comprised many key elements of an efficient policy-induced transition towards radically lower emissions in the metal smelting and pulp and paper industries. The regulation relied solely on performance standards, thus granting flexibility to firms in terms of selecting the appropriate compliance measures. These standards were implemented in combination with extended compliance periods. R&D projects and the new knowledge that was advanced incrementally in interaction between the company, the environmental authorities and research institutions provided a direct catalyst to the regulatory process. In these ways the Swedish regulatory approach provided scope for creative solutions, environmental innovation, and permitted the affected companies to coordinate pollution abatement measures with productive investments.

  • 24.
    Bergström, Michaela
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Det vårdadministrativa yrket: En studie om utveckling och status ur ett genusperspektiv2016Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 25.
    Bergström, Stina
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Telemedicin i Västerbottens läns landsting: Vårdpersonalens behov av stöd inom administration, utbildning och teknik2015Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 26.
    Björklund, Jörgen
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Strejk - förhandling - avtal: facklig aktivitet, arbets- och levnadsvillkor bland sågverksarbetare i Västernorrland 1875-19141976Doctoral thesis, monograph (Other academic)
  • 27.
    Björnsdotter, Emelie
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Diktatens biljud: Om oönskade ljud i diktat och hur de påverkar vårdadministratörer2018Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 28. Blum, Matthias
    et al.
    Ducoing, Cristián
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    McLaughin, Eoin
    A sustainable century: genuine savings in developing and developed countries, 1900-20002017In: National wealth: what is missing, why it matters / [ed] Kirk Hamilton and Cameron Hepburn, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017, p. 89-113Chapter in book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This chapter traces the long-run development of genuine savings (GS) during the twentieth century using a panel of developed countries (Great Britain, Germany, Switzerland, France, the US, and Australia) and resource-abundant countries in Latin America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico) representing approximately 50% of the world’s output in terms of GDP by 1950. It includes large economies and small open economies, and resource-rich and resource-scarce countries, allowing comparison of their historical experiences. Components of GS considered include physical and human capital as well as resource extraction and pollution damages. Generally, there is evidence of positive GS over the course of the twentieth century, although the two world wars and the Great Depression left considerable marks, but also striking differences between Latin American and developed countries when total factor productivity is included; this could be a signal of natural resource curse or technological gaps unnoticed in previous works.

  • 29.
    Brännlund, David
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Doktrinskifte: En studie av Bo Södersten, i jämförelse med Gustav Cassel2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med uppsatsen är att studera hur nya ekonomiska doktriner och idéer sprids via

    enskilda ekonomer som medverkar i den ekonomiskpolitiska debatten. Debattörerna som

    studeras är Bo Södersten i en jämförelse med Gustav Cassel eftersom båda dessa väldigt

    aktiva ekonomer glidit höger ut på den ideologiska skalan. Men också att glidningen högerut

    för båda debattörer kan ha sammanfallit med kriser. Frågorna som ställs är: hur förändrades

    deras doktrinära synsätt? Med ett extra fokus på deras syn på staten, samt även på vad

    bakgrunden till förändringen kan ha berott på. Vilka idéer dessa individer hade vid olika

    tidsperioder, hur deras åsikter förändrades och vilka idéströmningar både inhemska och

    utländska som utövat inflytande på debattörerna.

    Metoden som används är av relativistisk (mesologisk) karaktär. Något som innebär att

    studiens tillvägagångssätt är att studera samband mellan ekonomisk historiska idéer i relation

    till de socio-ekonomiska kontexter ur vilka de har uppkommit. Teorin som studien utgår ifrån

    är Joseph Schumpeters teori angående ekonomisk historiska idéers fortskridande genom en

    serie av epoker av revolution och konsolidering.

    Resultatet ger ett tydligt stöd för Schumpeters syn på ekonomisk historiska idéers

    fortskridande. Både Cassel och Södersten har genomgått ett doktrinskifte i samband med

    kriser. Cassels doktrin skifte skedde 1918 under industrins uppgång. Söderstens doktrinskifte

    skedde 1982-1983 under övergång från industrisamhälle till tjänstesamhälle och 1970-tals

    krisens efterspel. Båda har för övrigt sett sig själva som reformister, åtminstone tidigare i sin

    karriär. Både Södersten och Cassel präglades av en känsla av att en ekonomisk katastrof var

    nära och kom efter doktrinskiftet att gå över till att attackera allting socialistiskt. Kriserna

    verkar ha utlöst en rädsla för den växande välfärdsstaten hos båda debattörer. Deras starka

    antimarxism har troligen åtminstone medfört att deras ideologiska färd högerut fick extra fart.

    Cassel betonade tidigare balansen mellan fördelning och tillväxt, Södersten var extra noga

    med fördelning, men efter deras doktrinskifte gick de mot ett synsätt där endast tillväxt kom

    att stå i fokus. Efter doktrinskiftet kom de båda debattörerna att betona statens klumpighet och

    inkompetens och de menar att staten borde krympas och dess inflytande på ekonomin tas bort.

    Download full text (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 30.
    Brännström, Madelen
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Psykosocial arbetsmiljö för medicinska sekreterare: En kvantitativ studie om den psykosociala arbetsmiljön inom primärvården och inom den specialiserade vården i Skellefteå kommun2017Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 31.
    Bäck, Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Hälsa för alla?: Om vårdcentralernas receptionspersonal som demokratins väktare2014Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 32.
    Cameron, Katarina
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Glastak och glasväggar: Om osynliga hinder för kvinnor i arbetslivet2015Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 33. Cui, Qiao-Yu
    et al.
    Gaillard, Marie-Jose
    Lemdahl, Geoffrey
    Sugita, Shinya
    Greisman, Annica
    Jacobson, George L.
    Olsson, Fredrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Regional Science (CERUM).
    The role of tree composition in Holocene fire history of the hemiboreal and southern boreal zones of southern Sweden, as revealed by the application of the Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm: Implications for biodiversity and climate-change issues2013In: The Holocene, ISSN 0959-6836, E-ISSN 1477-0911, Vol. 23, no 12, p. 1747-1763Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a quantitative reconstruction of local forest history at two sites, Stavsakra (hemiboreal zone) and Storasjo (southern boreal zone), in southern Sweden (province of Smaland) to evaluate possible causes of contrasting Holocene fire histories in mid- and late Holocene. The Landscape Reconstruction Algorithm (LRA) is applied to evaluate between-site differences in the relative abundance of deciduous trees and Pinus (pine) and landscape/woodland openness during the Holocene. The LRA estimates of local vegetation abundance are compared with other proxies of local vegetation, that is, plant and beetle remains. The LRA results suggest that Pinus was a major tree taxon in the woodlands of Storasjo during mid- and late Holocene, while Tilia (linden) and Betula (birch) were dominant at Stavsakra. The contrasting fire histories are shown to be strongly related to between-site differences in tree composition during mid-Holocene, 4000-2000 bc in particular. The archaeological/historical and beetle data indicate contrasting land uses from c. 1000 bc (late Bronze Age/early Iron Age), grazing in open Calluna heaths at Stavsakra and woodland grazing at Storasjo. Between-site differences in fire history during late Holocene were likely due to different land-use practices. Between-site differences in tree composition in mid-Holocene are best explained by local climatic and geological/geomorphological differences between the hemiboreal and southern boreal zones of Smaland, which might also be the primary cause of between-site differences in land-use histories during late Holocene. Maintenance of biodiversity at the landscape scale in the study area requires that existing old pine woodlands and Calluna heath are managed with fire and cattle grazing. Further climate warming might lead to higher probabilities of climate-induces fire, in particular in pine-dominated woodlands.

  • 34.
    Daoukori, Ulrika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Är hjärt- och kärlsjukvården jämställd?: En litteraturstudie avseende patienter med hjärt- och kärlsjukdomar2016Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 35.
    Degerman, Emelie
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    "Vi är som inte riktigt i samma kostym": En kvalitativ studie om läkarsekreterarnas uppfattning om röststyrd dikteringens påverkan2016Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 36.
    Ducoing, Cristian
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Pacull, Montserrat
    Innovación, redes y recursos naturales: Los empresarios cupríferos del Huasco, 1810-18602017In: Empresas y empresarios en la historia de Chile: 1810-1930 / [ed] Manuel Llorca-Jaña y Diego Barría T., Santiago: Editorial Universitaria , 2017, 1, p. 77-96Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 37.
    Ducoing, Cristián
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Machinery and Horse Power Prices: 1850 – 19132017Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The debate on the industrial revolution (IR) has been focused on the incentives behind investment decisions and how the preliminary conditions for it appeared in England / Great Britain. One of the most famous theories to explain the IR is the one developed by Allen (2012, 2009b,a), who argues that the IR was British due to a unique combination of expensive labour and cheap energy, producing incentives to invest in labour-saving machinery. His theory takes into account a vast literature on organic fuels and the transition to fossil fuels (WRIGLEY, 1962; Wrigley, 2013). Several works have proved the existence of cheap fossil fuels during the 19th century, determined by the introduction of coal. Even though the figures on wages and energy are broadly accepted, machinery price indices are challenged. The most widely used index is based almost completely on the price of iron (Feinstein, 1972, 1988). To prove Allen’s hypothesis we require a better index of machinery prices, measuring horsepower prices, relative costs and international changes in their trade. This article presents such a series, using novel data from merchants’ catalogues, international trade statistics plus all the price indices previously available. The new series corresponds to the UK in the period 1850 - 1913; given the influence of British Machinery & Equipment in the world market until 1913, this price index could be useful to understand the transformation of relative costs in several regions.

  • 38.
    Ducoing, Cristián
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history. Umeå Universitet.
    Torregrosa, Sara
    Lunds Universitet.
    Growth, inequality and extraction in Ibero-American democratizations2016Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Will democracy improve the distribution of economic welfare? Do dictatorships leave long-run legacies behind? In this paper we explore four Ibero-American countries with some common historical traits, but also different contexts: Spain, Portugal, Brazil, and Chile. The two Iberian nations suffered long periods of autocratic regime in the 20th Century, while our south American cases had relatively later and shorter dictatorships. We intend to assess the extent to which democratization brought about improvements in societal welfare, combining indicators of inequality and economic performance. We propose the applicability of the concept of Inequality Extraction Ratio, initially suggested for ancient societies but adapted by Milanovic (2013b) to the analysis of contemporary economies. Our hypothesis is that democratizations, while probably not able to achieve reductions in inequality, could have promoted decreases in relative extraction.

  • 39.
    Edelbro, Frida
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Teknisk utveckling av sekreteraryrket: En intervjustudie om taligenkänning2016Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 40.
    Edin, Tobias
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Kostnad och behov i vårddebatten: En studie av inramningen under två årtionden2018Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 41.
    Edlund, Lena
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Journaler på internet: en möjlighet eller en risk?2014Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 42.
    Eitzenberger Boork, Evelina
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Är dagens journalsystem patientsäkra?2013Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 43.
    Ekelin, Jens
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Det kommunala processarbetet: Motivation, effekter och hinder i övergången från funktions- till processorienterad organisation2018Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 44.
    Ekström, Ella
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Sjuksköterskors löneutveckling 1977-2017: Lönebildning och institutionella förändringar2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Under 1940-talet påbörjades en omfattande utbyggnad av en offentlig tjänstesektor som ett led i att

    göra Sverige till en universell välfärdsstat. I samband med den offentliga tjänstesektorns utbyggnad

    ökade andelen kvinnor på den svenska arbetsmarknaden. En omfattande utbyggnad av sjukvården

    gjordes vilket resulterade i en kraftigt ökad efterfrågan på vårdpersonal, och då inte minst

    sjuksköterskor.

    Sjuksköterskors löner har varit omdiskuterade ända sedan 1900-talets början. Yrket har historiskt

    varit lågavlönat, vilket kan förklaras på en mängd olika sätt. I uppsatsen studeras om och hur

    institutionella förändringar på området har påverkat sjuksköterskeyrkets löneutveckling under

    perioden 1977 till 2017. De institutionella förändringar som har undersökts är främst politiska

    reformer och lagstiftning på hälso- och sjukvårdens område. Även reformer av

    sjuksköterskeutbildningen har undersökts, eftersom att professionalisera sjuksköterskeyrket sågs

    vara ett steg mot en förbättrad löneutveckling. Trots att sjukvården har genomgått stora reformer

    under perioden 1977 till 2017 har det haft en till synes liten påverkan på löneutvecklingen. Inte

    heller professionaliseringen tycks ha påverkat utvecklingen.

    Sjuksköterskeyrket var under 1900-talets början ett renodlat kvinnoyrke. Än idag består yrket till

    90 procent kvinnor. Att sjuksköterskors löner är låga, liksom många andra kvinnodominerade

    yrkens löner, kan förklaras genom att det föreligger en värdediskriminering av vad som betraktas

    som kvinnligt arbete. Vid undersökning av sjuksköterskeyrket är det därmed viktigt att beakta

    yrkets genusarbetsdelning, vilket har påverkat, och än idag påverkar, yrket och dess löneutveckling.

    Yrkets genusarbetsdelning kan förklaras som ett informellt spårberoende. Ju närmare vår tid vi

    kommer ju mer har genusarbetsdelningen uppmärksammats både politiskt och inom forskningen.

    En följd av det är jämställdhetslagen som infördes 1979. Trots att värdediskrimineringen av det

    kvinnodominerade sjuksköterskeyrket uppmärksammats har det inte haft en synbar påverkan på

    lönerna.

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  • 45.
    Elf, Helen
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Arbete för kömiljarden: Påverkar den äldre befolkningen resultaten?2014Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 5 credits / 7,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 46.
    Eriksson, Martin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    A Golden Combination: The Formation of Monetary Policy in Sweden after World War I2015In: Enterprise & society, ISSN 1467-2227, E-ISSN 1467-2235, Vol. 16, no 3, p. 556-579Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    From a European perspective, what sets apart the Swedish return to the gold standard at prewar parity in 1924 is not only that it occurred before that of every other nation, including the United Kingdom, but also that it could be made by politicians without interference from the central bank. Against this background, it is argued that this decision may be related to the combined impact of two political positions that affected policy making in a crucial way. In a domestic policy context in which minority governments needed support from other parties to realize their political ambitions, the Social Democrats and Conservatives both developed separate positions in favor of an early return of the gold standard during the first part of the 1920s. Because these parties together formed a majority in both chambers of Parliament, a stable political support for a return of the gold standard could thereby emerge.

  • 47.
    Eriksson, Martin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    A Troubled Continuity: Agencies and Path Dependence in Interwar Swedish Railway Policy2016In: Journal of Transport History, ISSN 0022-5266, E-ISSN 1759-3999, Vol. 37, no 1, p. 27-44Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article deals with the abortive attempt by the Swedish Socialisation Commission to reform the Swedish State Railways (SJ) after World War I. It is argued that the decisive opposition to this proposal from SJ and the Swedish Federation of Industries may be related to the fact that railway policy in Sweden, as in many other countries, included a number of conditions that predisposed these agencies to established policy and budgets. In this regard, the article demonstrates how existing railway policy constrained the involved actors to such an extent that they persisted with the established arrangements, even if that decision implied a continued inability to deal with the financial imbalances that gradually undermined the railway sector.

  • 48.
    Eriksson, Martin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Between Two Regimes: Continuity and Change in the Swedish Transport Utilities, 1939-20102016Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper studies the liberalization of the Swedish transport utilities during the last decades from a regime change perspective. Here, focus lies on how regime coordination mechanisms such as the regulation of markets, the administrative and bureaucratic organization of utilities and the State-interest group relations has changed as a market-oriented regime has replaced a State-oriented regime after 1990. It is demonstrated that these changes do not follow the general patterns of policy change identified within previous research. Rather than as an institutional continuity through reproductive adaptation or abrupt disruptive change caused by exogenous pressures, regime change in the examined cases has a different character which combines these elements. Even if it the process of change was triggered by the economic crisis in the 1990s as an exogenous force, it is demonstrated that the previous regime has been transformed through a slow, yet distinctively disruptive change over the last decades.  

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    fulltext
  • 49.
    Eriksson, Martin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Beyond industrial policy: state intervention in the Swedish electricity supply industry, 1936–19462015In: Business History, ISSN 0007-6791, E-ISSN 1743-7938, Vol. 57, no 6, p. 903-918Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    As in other Western European countries, the emergence of a national network for electricity transmission in Sweden was accompanied by a greater degree of State intervention in the electricity supply sector. The aim of this article is to elucidate the institutional background to the decision in 1946 by the Social Democratic government to transfer control of the national grid to the Swedish National Power Board. It is demonstrated that this decision not only was linked to a general industrial policy to promote energy supply. It was also linked to the agricultural and cohesion policies which emerged during the 1940s.

  • 50.
    Eriksson, Martin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Geography and Economic History, Economic history.
    Embedding Big Business: The Political Economy of the 1938 Corporate Tax Reform in Sweden2014In: Enterprise & society, ISSN 1467-2227, E-ISSN 1467-2235, Vol. 15, no 2, p. 285-306Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This article examines the business–government relations during the policy and decision-making processes that preceded the 1938 corporate tax reform in Sweden. This reform involved creating a new tax system under the turbulent economic conditions of the interwar period. But while literature on tax history has found that such circumstances often disable actors from agreeing on tax policies, a constructive outcome was still reached in the Swedish case. In this regard, it is demonstrated that one crucial factor behind the creation of the 1938 corporate tax reform was the formation of a coalition between the Social Democratic party and the business peak associations around a number of areas where their taxation interests coincided. Here, the Social Democrats agreed to shelter profits from corporations as long as they were managed according to the intentions of their countercyclical economic policy that encouraged industrial investments and employment expansion.

12345 1 - 50 of 218
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