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  • 1.
    Aasa, Björn
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Orthopaedics. Norrlandskliniken, Umeå.
    Lundström, Lena
    Pain Rehabilitation, Norrlands University Hospital, Umeå.
    Papacosta, Daniel
    Norrlandskliniken, Umeå.
    Sandlund, Jonas
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Aasa, Ulrika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Do we see the same movement impairments?: the inter-rater reliability of movement tests for experienced and novice physiotherapists2014In: European Journal of Physiotherapy, ISSN 2167-9169, E-ISSN 2167-9177, Vol. 16, no 16, p. 173-182, article id 3Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Study design: Inter-rater reliability study. Background: Physiotherapists (PTs) use clinical tests including movement tests to identify faulty movement patterns. Aims: To investigate the inter-rater-reliability of active movement tests in the cervical spine, shoulder joint and scapulo-thoracic joint, and to describe the reasons for judgment of a positive test. Methodology: Four PTs, two experienced and two recently educated (novice), rated performance of five movement tests for 36 participants. Twenty-one of the participants were patients under treatment because of neck and/or shoulder problems, while 15 participants declared no problem from this region of the body. All tests were video recorded and the ratings were done by observing the video recordings. First, the PTs judged the tests as negative (the movement being ideally performed) or positive (the movement not being ideally performed). Then, the PTs described why the movements that they judged positive were not being ideally performed, using a predefined protocol, which represented different movement quality aspects. The inter-rater reliability was calculated for each test using Kappa statistics between the two experienced and the two novice PTs, respectively, and between each of the experienced and each of the novice PTs. Major findings: The experienced PTs had a higher inter-rater reliability than the novice PTs. The reasons for considering a movement test being positive differed highly between the (novice) PTs. Principal conclusion: This study supports previous studies concluding that the observation of active movement tests is reliable when assessed by experienced PTs. Novice PTs might benefit from further supervision.

  • 2.
    Aasa, Ulrika
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy. Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Sweden.
    Jensen, Bente R
    Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark .
    Sandfeld, Jesper
    Department of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark .
    Richter, Hans
    Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Sweden.
    Lyskov, Eugene
    Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Sweden.
    Crenshaw, Albert
    Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Sweden.
    The impact of object size and precision demands on fatigue during computer mouse use2011In: Advances in Physiotherapy, ISSN 1403-8196, E-ISSN 1651-1948, Vol. 13, no 3, p. 118-127Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Prolonged computer use, especially if fatigue ensues, is associated with visual and musculoskeletal symptoms. The aim was to determine the time-course of perceived fatigue in the wrist, forearm, shoulder and eyes during a 60-min mouse task (painting rectangles), and whether object size and/or mouse use demands were of infl uence. Also, we investigated performance (number of rectangles painted), and whether perceived fatigue was paralleled by local muscle fatigue or tissue oxygenation.

    Ten women performed the task for three conditions (crossover design). At condition 1, rectangles were 45 25 mm, square paint cursor size 1.3 1.3 mm, and mouse – pointer movement ratio 1:26. At condition 2, the same cursor size and mouse – pointer movement ratio was used, but rectangles were smaller. At condition 3, the smaller rectangles were used, but the cursor size was also smaller and mouse – pointer movement ratio was 1:8. The results showed increased self-reported fatigue over time, with the observed increase greater for the eyes, but no change in physiological responses. Condition 2 resulted in higher performance and increased eye fatigue. Perceived fatigue in the muscles or physiological responses did not differ between conditions. In conclusion, computer work tasks imposing high visual and motor demands, and with high performance, seemed to have an infl uence on eye fatigue.

  • 3.
    Aasa, Ulrika
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Westerståhl, Maria
    Institutionen för laboratoriemedicin avd för klinisk fysiologi Karolinska institutet .
    Barnekow-Bergkvist, Margareta
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health.
    Jansson, Eva
    Institutionen för laboratoriemedicin avd för klinisk fysiologi Karolinska institutet .
    Hälsoresan till medelåldern2011In: Svensk Idrottsforskning: Organ för Centrum för Idrottsforskning, ISSN 1103-4629, no 2, p. 4p. 40-43Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Vad är viktigast för att få en god hälsa som vuxen? Sedan 1974 har vi följt samma personer från 16 års ålder in i medelåldern och studerat deras hälsa från flera olika synvinklar. Nu pågår den tredje mätomgången.

  • 4.
    Aasa, Ulrika
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Wiitavaara, Birgitta
    Högskolan i Gävle.
    Personalens hälsa och arbetsmiljö2009In: Prehospital akutsjukvård / [ed] Björn-Ove Suserud och Leif Svensson, Stockholm: Liber, 2009, p. 33-38Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 5.
    Aasa, Ulrika
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Ängquist, Karl-Axel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery.
    Barnekow-Bergkvist, Margareta
    The effects of a 1-year physical exercise programme on development of fatigue during a simulated ambulance work task.2008In: Ergonomics, ISSN 0014-0139, E-ISSN 1366-5847, Vol. 51, no 8, p. 1179-94Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of individually prescribed physical exercise programmes on development of fatigue during the carrying of a loaded stretcher up and down the stairs. Nineteen ambulance personnel performed the training for 1 year. Testing occurred before and after 1 year of the training. Both the training group (n = 19) and the control group (n = 15) were assessed for physical capacity and lactate concentration in blood and ratings of perceived exertion during carrying a stretcher on the stairs. When comparisons were made between those who had been training three times/week for 1 year and the control group, lactate concentration was significantly decreased. In conclusion, markers of fatigue during stretcher carrying can be reduced by the use of individually prescribed physical exercise programmes.

  • 6.
    Abramowicz, Konrad
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics.
    Häger, Charlotte
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Hérbert-Losier, Kim
    Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre Mid Sweden; University Department of Health Sciences, Östersund, Sweden.
    Pini, Alessia
    MOX – Department of Mathematics, Politecnico di Milano.
    Schelin, Lina
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå School of Business and Economics (USBE), Statistics. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Strandberg, Johan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics.
    Vantini, Simone
    MOX – Department of Mathematics, Politecnico di Milano.
    An inferential framework for domain selection in functional anova2014In: Contributions in infinite-dimensional statistics and related topics / [ed] Bongiorno, E.G., Salinelli, E., Goia, A., Vieu, P, Esculapio , 2014Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We present a procedure for performing an ANOVA test on functional data, including pairwise group comparisons. in a Scheff´e-like perspective. The test is based on the Interval Testing Procedure, and it selects intervals where the groups significantly differ. The procedure is applied on the 3D kinematic motion of the knee joint collected during a functional task (one leg hop) performed by three groups of individuals.

  • 7.
    Ahlgren, Christina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Gadin, Katja Gillander
    Struggle for time to teach: Teachers' experiences of their work situation2011In: Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, ISSN 1051-9815, E-ISSN 1875-9270, Vol. 40, no S1, p. S111-S118Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: The objective of this study was to from a gender perspective, explore elementary school teacher' experiences of their work situation, and identify conditions that could be health risks. Participants: Eighteen female teachers who work in an elementary school in Northern Sweden. Method: Thematic interviews were conducted using an interview guide. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the transcribed text and interpretations were made within gender theory. Results: Four categories emerged: "Squeezed between dream and reality", "Effort to keep up with demands", "We can make it together" and "The school needs men's qualities". The categories were linked together with the theme "A struggle for time to teach". The theme describes the conflict between the teachers' ambitions to teach and create a stimulating learning environment versus the increased need for behaviour control that took time from classroom work. Beside work at the school, the teachers carried a large burden of domestic work. Conclusions: Teachers' work includes both endless demands and great joy. Their work is structured within the schools gender system in which caring duties are subordinated despite a growing demand for behaviour control. Traditional gender roles affect their domestic work load.

  • 8.
    Ahlgren, Christina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Malmgren Olsson, Eva-Britt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Brulin, Christine
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing.
    Gender analysis of musculoskeletal disorders and emotional exhaustion: interactive effects from physical and psychosocial work exposures and engagement in domestic work2012In: Ergonomics, ISSN 0014-0139, E-ISSN 1366-5847, Vol. 55, no 2, p. 212-228Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The objective of this study was to assess the relationships between physical and psychosocial work exposures, engagement in domestic work and work-home imbalance in relation to symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders and emotional exhaustion in white- and blue-collar men and women. Three thousand employees from 21 companies were asked to answer a questionnaire on family structure, household and child care tasks, work exposure, work-home imbalance and symptoms of neck/shoulder disorders, low back disorders and emotional exhaustion. Women reported more musculoskeletal disorders and engagement in domestic work. Adverse at-work exposures were highest in blue-collar women. High engagement in domestic work was not separately associated with symptoms but paid work exposure factors were associated. High engagement in domestic work interacted with adverse work exposure and increased risk estimates for low back disorders and emotional exhaustion. Reported work-home imbalance was associated with neck/shoulder disorders in women and with emotional exhaustion in both women and men.

    Practitioner Summary. The current article adds to earlier research by showing that high engagement in domestic work is not separately associated with increased symptoms, but interacts with psychosocial work exposure variables to produce emotional exhaustion in both women and men and low back disorders in women.

  • 9.
    Ahlgren, Christina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Stenlund, Therese
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine.
    Steinholtz, K
    Slunga- Birgander, L
    Fjellman-Wiklund, Anncristine
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Perceived benefits from a rehabilitation program: A study on patients with burnout2007Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 10.
    Alex, Lena
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing.
    Fjellman-Wiklund, Anncristine
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Lundman, Berit
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing.
    Christianson, Monica
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing.
    Hammarström, Anne
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine.
    Beyond a Dichotomous View of the Concepts of 'Sex' and 'Gender' Focus Group Discussions among Gender Researchers at a Medical Faculty2012In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 7, no 11, p. e50275-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: The concepts of 'sex' and 'gender' are both of vital importance in medicine and health sciences. However, the meaning of these concepts has seldom been discussed in the medical literature. The aim of this study was to explore what the concepts of 'sex' and 'gender' meant for gender researchers based in a medical faculty. Methods: Sixteen researchers took part in focus group discussions. The analysis was performed in several steps. The participating researchers read the text and discussed ideas for analysis in national and international workshops. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The authors performed independent preliminary analyses, which were further developed and intensively discussed between the authors. Results: The analysis of meanings of the concepts of 'sex' and 'gender' for gender researchers based in a medical faculty resulted in three categories; "Sex as more than biology", with the subcategories 'sex' is not simply biological, 'sex' as classification, and 'sex' as fluid and changeable; "Gender as a multiplicity of power-related constructions", with the subcategories: 'gender' as constructions, 'gender' power dimensions, and 'gender' as doing femininities and masculinities; "'Sex and gender as interwoven", with the subcategories: 'sex' and 'gender' as inseparable and embodying 'sex' and 'gender'. Conclusions: Gender researchers within medicine pointed out the importance of looking beyond a dichotomous view of the concepts of 'sex' and 'gender'. The perception of the concepts was that 'sex' and 'gender' were intertwined. Further research is needed to explore how 'sex' and 'gender' interact.

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  • 11.
    Alt Murphy, Margit
    et al.
    Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Häger, Charlotte
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Kinematic analysis of the upper extremity after stroke: how far have we reached and what have we grasped?2015In: Physical Therapy Reviews, ISSN 1083-3196, E-ISSN 1743-288X, Vol. 20, no 3, p. 137-155Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Consequences of stroke frequently comprise reduced movement ability of the upper extremity (UE) and subsequent long-term disability. Clinical scales are used to monitor and evaluate rehabilitation but are often insufficient, while technological advances in 3D motion capture provide detailed kinematics to more objectively quantify and interpret movement deficits. Objectives: To provide a comprehensive overview of research using kinematic movement analysis of the UE in individuals post-stroke with focus on objectives, methodology and findings while highlighting clinical implications and future directions. Major Findings: A literature search yielded 93 studies categorised into four groups: comparative (healthy, stroke, task condition), intervention (clinical trials), methodological and longitudinal. The majority of studies used optoelectronic systems, investigated discrete reaching and involved mainly individuals with moderate or mild stroke impairment in chronic stage. About 80% of the studies were published after year 2004. Speed-related variables were most frequently addressed followed by smoothness indicators, joint angles and trunk displacement. Movements in the hemiparetic side are generally slower, less smooth and show a compensatory movement pattern. Task specificity is crucial for kinematic outcomes. Tables summarising the main characteristics, objectives and results of all included studies are provided. Conclusions: There is still a lack of studies addressing reliability and responsiveness and involving more complex, everyday UE tasks with ecological validity. To facilitate the use of UE kinematic movement analysis in clinics, a research-based simpler data handling with pre-defined output for the results, as commonly used in gait analysis, is warranted.

  • 12.
    Andersdotter, Anna
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Asplund, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Hur påverkas armpendling av gånghastigheten?2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    BAKGRUND: Kunskap om armpendling vid gång i olika hastigheter kan innebära en möjlighet att skilja på förändrade gångmönster orsakade av hastighet eller av underliggande patologi. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva hur Range Of Motion (ROM)-, Gait Variable Score (GVS)- och Arm Posture Score6 (APS6)-värden påverkas vid gång och att jämföra dessa variabler mellan två olika hastigheter, självvald och långsam gång, samt mellan dominant och ickedominant arm.

    METOD: I denna studie, som ingår i en större, deltog 42 personer utan muskuloskelettala problem. Alla 42 gick i självvald hastighet och 28 av dessa gick även i långsam gånghastighet. Deltagarnas gång registrerades av optoelektroniska 3D-kameror. Som utfallsmått användes ROM, GVS och APS6.

    RESULTAT: Resultatet visade en signifikant skillnad för ROM vid alla rörelser förutom vid axelrotation vid jämförelse mellan hastigheterna. Signifikant skillnad sågs i GVS i armbågsflexion/extension i jämförelse mellan hastigheterna. APS6 visade inga signifikanta skillnader.

    SLUTSATS: Vid kvantifiering av armpendling för att jämföra två olika hastigheter kan vi i denna studie konstatera att, förutom vid axelrotation, ROM fick en signifikant ökning vid den självvalda hastigheten. När GVS användes för att jämföra hastigheterna påträffades signifikant skillnad i armbågsflexion/extension. För APS6 sågs ingen signifikant skillnad. För att ytterligare utvärdera avvikelsemåtten behövs fler studier på olika patientgrupper.

    Examensarbete

    15 hp

  • 13.
    Andersson, Adam
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Heiwall, Louise
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Effect of High and Low Load Motor Control Exercises on Alignment and Posture, and Disc Height in Patients with Persistent Low Back Pain2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 14.
    Andersson, Emma
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Lie, Lena
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Fysisk aktivitet under gravidietet: Barnmorskors arbete med att informera och motivera gravida kring fysisk aktivitet - en intervjustudie2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Introduktion: Fysisk aktivitet under graviditet är förknippat med ett antal hälsovinster för

    den gravida kvinnan. Rekommendationenerna för gravida är de samma som för friska vuxna men trots detta minskar många gravida sin aktivitetsnivå. Barnmorskor har en viktigt roll i att informera och motivera gravida kvinnor till fysisk aktivitet.

    Syfte: Syftet med studien var att utforska barnmorskors tankar och erfarenheter av att ge information till gravida om träning och fysisk aktivitet.

    Metod: I denna studie användes halvstrukturerade intervjuer som analyserades med Kvalitativ innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundman. Sex barnmorskor från olika hälsocentraler i Umeå med omnejd intervjuades. I genomsnitt hade barnmorskorna arbetat i 28 år.

    Resultat: Analysen av intervjuerna utmynnade i fyra kategorier, Trygga iatt ge rekommendationer, Hinder för fysisk  aktivitet, Motivation och Samarbete - en utvecklingsmöjlighet. Resultatet visade på stora likheter i kunskaper och arbetssätt hos barnmorskorna gällande fysisk aktivitet under graviditet. Samtliga barnmorskor informerar om och rekommenderar fysisk aktivitet under graviditeten. Att motivera inaktiva till att öka sin aktivitetsnivå ansågs vara den största svårigheten i arbetet med dessa frågor. I dagsläget saknas samarbete mellan barnmorskor och fysioterapeuter angående fysisk aktivitet under graviditet.

    Slutsats: Ett välfungerande samarbete mellan fysioterapeut och barnmorska skulle kunna leda till ökat välmående och minska risken för komplikationer hos gravida kvinnor. Gravida kvinnor bör erbjudas FaR samt subventionerad gruppträning

  • 15.
    Andersson, Nina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences.
    Grip, Helena
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Lindvall, Peter
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience.
    Koskinen, Lars-Owe D
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience.
    Brändström, Helge
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Anaesthesiology.
    Malm, Jan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience.
    Eklund, Anders
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroscience.
    Air transport of patients with intracranial air: computer model of pressure effects2003In: Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine, ISSN 0095-6562, E-ISSN 1943-4448, Vol. 74, no 2, p. 138-144Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 16.
    Andersson, Terese
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Professional guidance and coaching: a worksite intervention to increase physical activity för shift workers at a local post office2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 17.
    Anens, Elisabeth
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Kristensen, Bo
    Häger-Ross, Charlotte
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Integrative Medical Biology (IMB), Physiology.
    Reactive grip force control in persons with cerebellar stroke: effects on ipsilateral and contralateral hand2010In: Experimental Brain Research, ISSN 0014-4819, E-ISSN 1432-1106, Vol. 203, no 1, p. 21-30Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study investigates the cerebellar contribution to reactive grip control by examining differences between (22-48 years) subjects with focal cerebellar lesion due to ischaemic stroke (CL) and healthy subjects (HS). The subjects used a pinch grip to grasp and restrain an instrumented handle from moving when it was subject to unpredictable load forces of different rates (2, 4, 8, 32 N/s) or amplitudes (1, 2, 4 N). The hand ipsilateral to the lesion of the cerebellar subjects showed delayed and more variable response latencies, e.g., 278 +/- 162 ms for loads delivered at 2 N/s, compared to HS 180 +/- 53 ms (P = 0.005). The CL also used a higher pre-load grip force with the ipsilateral hand, 1.6 +/- 0.8 N, than the HS, 1.3 +/- 0.6 N (P = 0.017). In addition, the contralateral hand in subjects with unilateral cerebellar stroke showed a delayed onset of the grip response compared to HS. Cerebellar lesions thus impair the reactive grip control both in the ipsilateral and contralateral hand.

  • 18.
    Arnadottir, Solveig
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Physical activity, participation and self-rated health among older community-dwelling Icelanders: a population-based study2010Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The main objective of this study was to investigate older people’s physical activity, their participation in various life situations, and their perceptions of their own health. This included an exploration of potential influences of urban versus rural residency on these outcomes, an evaluation of the measurement properties of a balance confidence scale, and an examination of the proposed usefulness of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as a conceptual framework to facilitate analysis and understanding of selected outcomes.

    Methods: The study design was cross-sectional, population-based, with random selection from the national register of one urban and two rural municipalities in Northern Iceland. There were 186 participants, all community-dwelling, aged 65 to 88 years (mean = 73.8), and 48% of the group were women. The participation rate was 79%. Data was collected in 2004, in face-to-face interviews and through various standardized assessments. The main outcomes were total physical activity; leisure-time, household, and work-related physical activity; participation frequency and perceived participation restrictions; and self-rated health. Other assessments represented aspects of the ICF body functions, activities, environmental factors and personal factors. Moreover, Rasch analysis methods were applied to examine and modify the Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale and the ICF used as a conceptual framework throughout the study.

    Results: The total physical activity score was the same for urban and rural people and the largest proportion of the total physical activity behavior was derived from the household domain. Rural females received the highest scores of all in household physical activity and rural males were more physically active than the others in the work-related domain. However, leisure-time physical activity was more common in urban than rural communities. A physically active lifestyle, urban living, a higher level of cognition, younger age, and fewer depressive symptoms were all associated with more frequent participation. Rural living and depressive symptoms were associated with perceived participation restrictions. Moreover, perceived participation restrictions were associated with not being employed and limitations in advanced lower extremity capacity. Both fewer depressive symptoms and advanced lower extremity capacity also increased the likelihood of better self-rated health, as did capacity in upper extremities, older age, and household physical activity. Rasch rating scale analysis indicated a need to modify the ABC to improve its psychometric properties. The modified ABC was then used to measure balance confidence which, however, was found not to play a major role in explaining participation or self-rated health. Finally, the ICF was useful as a conceptual framework for mapping various components of functioning and health and to facilitate analyses of their relationships.

    Conclusions: The results highlighted the commonalities and differences in factors associated with participation frequency, perceived participation restrictions, and self-rated health in old age. Some of these factors, such as advanced lower extremity capacity, depressive symptoms, and physical activity pattern should be of particular interest for geriatric physical therapy due to their potential for interventions. While the associations between depressive symptoms, participation, and self-rated health are well known, research is needed on the effects of advanced lower extremity capacity on participation and self-rated health in old age. The environment (urban versus rural) also presented itself as an important contextual variable to be aware of when working with older people’s participation and physically active life-style. Greater emphasis should be placed on using Rasch measurement methods for improving the availability of quality scientific measures to evaluate various aspects of functioning and health among older adults. Finally, a coordinated implementation of a conceptual framework such as ICF may further advance interdisciplinary and international studies on aging, functioning, and health.

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  • 19.
    Arnadottir, Solveig A
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Gunnarsdottir, Elin D
    Lundin-Olsson, Lillemor
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Are rural older Icelanders less physically active than those living in urban areas?: a population-based study2009In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1403-4948, E-ISSN 1651-1905, Vol. 37, no 4, p. 409-417Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Older people in rural areas have been labelled as physically inactive on the basis of leisure-time physical activity research. However, more research is needed to understand the total physical activity pattern in older adults, considering all domains of physical activity, including leisure, work, and domestic life. AIMS: We hypothesised that: (a) total physical activity would be the same for older people in urban and rural areas; and (b) urban and rural residency, along with gender and age, would be associated with differences in domain-specific physical activities. METHODS: Cross-sectional data were collected in Icelandic rural and urban communities from June through to September 2004. Participants were randomly selected, community-dwelling, 65-88 years old, and comprised 68 rural (40% females) and 118 urban (53% females) adults. The Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) was used to obtain a total physical activity score and subscores in leisure, during domestic life, and at work. RESULTS: The total PASE score was not associated with rural vs. urban residency, but males were, in total, more physically active than females, and the 65-74-year-olds were more active than the 75-88-year-olds. In the leisure domain, rural people had lower physical activity scores than urban people. Rural males were, however, most likely of all to be physically active in the work domain. In both urban and rural areas, the majority of the physical activity behaviour occurred in relation to housework, with the rural females receiving the highest scores. CONCLUSIONS: Older Icelanders in rural areas should not be labelled as less physically active than those who live in urban areas. Urban vs. rural living may, however, influence the physical activity patterns among older people, even within a fairly socioeconomically and culturally homogeneous country such as Iceland. This reinforces the need to pay closer attention to the living environment when studying and developing strategies to promote physical activity.

  • 20.
    Arnadottir, Solveig A
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy. School of Health Sciences, University of Akureyri, Iceland .
    Gunnarsdottir, Elin D
    Stenlund, Hans
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health.
    Lundin-Olsson, Lillemor
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Determinants of self-rated health in old age: a population-based, cross-sectional study using the international classification of functioning2011In: BMC Public Health, E-ISSN 1471-2458, Vol. 11, p. 670-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Self-rated health (SRH) is a widely used indicator of general health and multiple studies have supported the predictive validity of SRH in older populations concerning future health, functional decline, disability, and mortality. The aim of this study was to use the theoretical framework of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) to create a better understanding of factors associated with SRH among community-dwelling older people in urban and rural areas.

    Methods: The study design was population-based and cross-sectional. Participants were 185 Icelanders, randomly selected from a national registry, community-dwelling, 65-88 years old, 63% urban residents, and 52% men. Participants were asked: "In general, would you say your health is excellent, very good, good, fair, or poor?" Associations with SRH were analyzed with ordinal logistic regression. Explanatory variables represented aspects of body functions, activities, participation, environmental factors and personal factors components of the ICF.

    Results: Univariate analysis revealed that SRH was significantly associated with all analyzed ICF components through 16 out of 18 explanatory variables. Multivariate analysis, however, demonstrated that SRH had an independent association with five variables representing ICF body functions, activities, and personal factors components: The likelihood of a better SRH increased with advanced lower extremity capacity (adjusted odds ratio [adjOR] = 1.05, < 0.001), upper extremity capacity (adjOR = 1.13, = 0.040), household physical activity (adjOR = 1.01, = 0.016), and older age (adjOR = 1.09, = 0.006); but decreased with more depressive symptoms (adjOR = 0.79, < 0.001).

    Conclusions: The results highlight a collection of ICF body functions, activities and personal factors associated with higher SRH among community-dwelling older people. Some of these, such as physical capacity, depressive symptoms, and habitual physical activity are of particular interest due to their potential for change through public health interventions. The use of ICF conceptual framework and widely accepted standardized assessments should make these results comparable and relevant in an international context.

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    Determinants of self-rated health in old age: a population-based, cross-sectional study using the international classification of functioning
  • 21.
    Arnadottir, Solveig A
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Gunnarsdottir, Elin D
    Stenlund, Hans
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health.
    Lundin-Olsson, Lillemor
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Participation frequency and perceived participation restrictions at older age: applying the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework2011In: Disability and Rehabilitation, ISSN 0963-8288, E-ISSN 1464-5165, Vol. 33, no 23-24, p. 2208-2216Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: To identify variables from different components of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) associated with older people's participation frequency and perceived participation restrictions. Method: Participants (N = 186) were community-living, 65-88 years old and 52% men. The dependent variables, participation frequency (linear regression) and perceived participation restrictions (logistic regression), were measured using The Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument. Independent variables were selected from various ICF components. Results: Higher participation frequency was associated with living in urban rather than rural community (beta = 2.8, p < 0.001), physically active lifestyle (beta = 4.6, p < 0.001) and higher cognitive function (beta = 0.3, p = 0.009). Lower participation frequency was associated with being older (beta = -0.2, p = 0.002) and depressive symptoms (beta = -0.2, p = 0.029). Older adults living in urban areas, having more advanced lower extremities capacity, or that were employed had higher odds of less perceived participation restrictions (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 5.5, p = 0.001; OR = 1.09, p < 0.001; OR = 3.7, p = 0.011; respectively). In contrast, the odds of less perceived participation restriction decreased as depressive symptoms increased (OR = 0.8, p = 0.011). Conclusions: Our results highlight the importance of capturing and understanding both frequency and restriction aspects of older persons' participation. ICF may be a helpful reference to map factors associated with participation and to study further potentially modifiable influencing factors such as depressive symptoms and advanced lower extremity capacity.

  • 22.
    Arnadottir, Solveig A
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Lundin-Olsson, Lillemor
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Gunnarsdottir, Elin D
    Fisher, Anne G
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Occupational Therapy.
    Application of rasch analysis to examine psychometric aspects of the activities-specific balance confidence scale when used in a new cultural context2010In: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, ISSN 0003-9993, E-ISSN 1532-821X, Vol. 91, no 1, p. 156-163Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Arnadottir SA, Lundin-Olsson L, Gunnarsdottir ED, Fisher AG. Application of Rasch analysis to examine psychometric aspects of the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale when used in a new cultural context. OBJECTIVE: To investigate by using Rasch analysis the psychometric properties of the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale when applied in a new Icelandic context. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, population-based, random selection from the Icelandic National Registry. SETTING: Community-based. PARTICIPANTS: Icelanders (N=183), 65 to 88 years old, and 48% women. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: ABC, an instrument used to evaluate how confident older people are in maintaining balance and remaining steady when moving through the environment. An Icelandic translation of the ABC (ABC-ICE) scale was evaluated by implementing Rasch rating scale analysis to transform ordinal ABC-ICE scores into interval measures and evaluating aspects of validity and reliability of the scale. RESULTS: Participants were not able to differentiate reliably between the 11 rating scale categories of the ABC-ICE. Additionally, 3 items failed to show acceptable goodness of fit to the ABC-ICE rating scale model. By collapsing categories and creating a new 5-category scale, only 1 item misfit. Removing that item resulted in a modified version of ABC-ICE with 5 categories and 15 items. Both item goodness-of-fit statistics and principal components analysis supported unidimensionality of the modified ABC-ICE. The ABC-ICE measures reliably separated the sample into at least 4 statistically distinct strata of balance confidence. Finally, the hierarchical order of item difficulties was consistent with theoretic expectations, and the items were reasonably well targeted to the balance confidence of the persons tested. CONCLUSIONS: Rasch analysis indicated a need to modify the ABC-ICE to improve its psychometric properties. Further studies are needed to determine if similar analyses of other versions of the ABC, including the original one, will yield similar results.

  • 23.
    Arnadottir, Solveig
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Gunnarsdottir, E
    Stenlund, Hans
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health.
    Lundin-Olsson, Lillemor
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Self-rated health: a valid outcome in geriatric physical therapy?Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 24.
    Axelryd, Gustaf
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Zeising, Fredrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Samband mellan felställningar i fot, knä och höft och patellofemoralt smärtsyndrom: En systematisk litteraturgranskning2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Introduktion: Patellofemoralt smärtsyndrom (PFPS) är en diagnos som avser smärta i främre delen av knät och i patellofemoralleden. Överbelastning, onormal patellarörlighet, onormal Q-vinkeln, muskelsvaghet, muskelstramhet, muskelobalans och felställningar har föreslagits som riskfaktorer till PFPS. Trots att flera studier har undersökt sambandet mellan felställningar och PFPS är sambandet fortfarande oklart.

    Syfte: Syftet med denna systematiska litteraturstudie var att undersöka statiska felställningar i fot, knä och höft som kan ha ett samband med PFPS.

    Metod: En litteratursökning genomfördes i september 2013 i databaserna, Pubmed (med Medline), CINAHL (med fulltext), SPORTDiscus, Academic Search Elite, Web of Science, Scopus och Pedro.  Efter granskning av ingående artiklar användes GRADE för att bedöma den sammanvägda evidensen av de enskilda utfallsmåtten.

    Resultat: Fjorton artiklar inkluderades i granskningen. Studierna hade undersökt 16 olika utfallsmått. Navicular drop, vinkel Calcaneus – lodlinjen, navicular drift, pes planus, vinkel calcaneus-tibia, foot posture index, lateral distal femur angel och medial proximal tibia angel bedömdes med hjälp av GRADE. Den sammanlagda evidensen enligt GRADE ansågs vara låg, och visade på ”otillräckligt vetenskapligt stöd” för ett samband mellan statiska felställningar i fot, knä och höft och PFPS.

    Slutsats: Det behövs fler studier med högre kvalitet för att utreda samband mellan statiska felställningar och PFPS. 

  • 25.
    Axelsson, Helena
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Ridderström, Ida
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Is Pilates more effective than a Motor Control Exercise program when treating chronic low back pain: A randomised Control Trial2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 26.
    Bengtsson, Patrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Postoperativ knäsvullnad efter främre korsbandsrekonstruktion: - en jämförelse mellan standard- och accelererad rehabilitering.2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Nu för tiden är det vanligt att använda sig av så kallad accelererad rehabilitering efter främre korsbandsrekonstruktion. Den accelererade rehabiliterings påverkan på uttöjning av det nya korsbandsgraftet och lårmuskelstyrka är väl kända. Däremot är kunskapen om hur accelererad rehabilitering påverkar svullnad i knäleden mer begränsad.

    Syfte: Att undersöka om det finns någon skillnad avseende knäledssvullnad efter främre korsbandsrekonstruktion vid ett standard- och ett accelererat rehabiliteringsprogram.

    Studiedesign: Sekundäranalys av randomiserad kontrollerad studie.

    Material och metod: Etthundra sextioen främre korsbandsrekonstruerade patienter med patellar- eller hamstringssena randomiserades till standard- och ett accelererat rehabiliteringsprogram. Nittio patienter, standard rehabilitering (n=29) och accelererad rehabilitering (n=61) inkluderades för beräkning av svullnad, vid baseline, 1 vecka postoperativt. Svullnad definierades som skillnad i omkrets mätt med måttband av icke opererat knä jämfört med opererat knä. Svullnad beräknades vid vecka 1 och månad 1, 2, 3 och 4 postoperativt.

    Resultat: Det var ingen signifikant skillnad avseende knäsvullnad vid jämförelse  mellan standard- och ett accelererat rehabiliteringsprogram vid något av uppföljningstillfällena.

    Slutsats: Denna studie visar att träning enligt ett accelererat rehabiliteringsprogram efter främre korsbandrekonstruktion inte ökar knäsvullnad signifikant jämfört med ett standard rehabiliteringsprogram. Gruppen som tränat enligt ett accelererat rehabiliteringsprogram uppvisade dock en något större knäsvullnad suprapatellärt.

  • 27.
    Bentzer, Linda
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Hedlund, Linnea
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Functional movement screen, skadeförekomst och träningsmängd hos kvinnliga innebandyspelare2012Student thesis
  • 28.
    Berglund, Jon
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Inter-rater reliabilityfor visual assessment of six movement qualities during supervised musicexercise performance2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Visuella bedömningar är vanligt förekommande i det dagliga arbetet bland sjukgymnaster, personliga tränare och gym instruktörer. Med målet att optimera rörelser och minimera risken för skada läggs förtroende till den visuella bedömning som grund för korrigering av rörelser. Det saknas dock vetenskapligt underlag för den visuella bedömningen av rörelsekvalitéer genom att titta på videoinspelningar av deltagares utförande under ledd träning till musik.

     Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka inter-bedömar reliabiliteten för visuell bedömning av rörelsekvalitéerna timing, kvickhet, likhet, initiering, kraft och generell koordination genom att titta på videoinspelningar av deltagares utförande av dem under ledd träning till musik.

     Metod: För att undersöka inter-bedömar reliabiliteten så fick fyra bedömare visuellt bedöma videoinspelningar av 85 deltagare avseende deras utförande av ledd träning till musik genom skattning av sex olika rörelsekvalitéer. För varje deltagare fanns tre videosekvenser att bedöma.

     Resultat: Analyser med linjärt viktad kappa (k) utfördes för att bedöma likheten mellan bedömarna vilket gav medianvärdet för k = 0,206.

     Slutsats: På grund av brister i metoden kan inga säkra slutsatser dras avseende inter-bedömar reliabilteten för visuell bedömning av sex rörelsekvalitéer genom att titta på videoinspelningar av deltagares utförande av dem under ledd träning till musik.

  • 29.
    Bergman, Frida
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Enbenssidohopp 23 år efter främre korsbandsskada: en funktionell och kinematiskjämförelse mellan effekten av kirurgi och skräddarsydd sjukgymnastik mot friska kontroller2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Introduktion: Långtidseffekten av olika behandlingar efter skada på det främre korsbandet (ACL) på knäfunktion och rörelsemönster är fortfarande oklart.

     Syfte: Att undersöka hoppkapacitet och kinematik hos de skadade och icke-skadade benen under enbenssidohopp hos ACL-skadade personer som antingen behandlats med rekonstruktion (ACLR) eller med ett skräddarsytt sjukgymnastikprogram (ACLTPP) i jämförelse med friska kontroller.

     Metod: Trettiotre personer i ACLR-gruppen, trettiosju i ACLTPp-gruppen och trettiotre i kontrollgruppen utförde enbenssidohopp under 30 sekunder, vilket registrerades i ett 30-rörelseanalyssystem. Antal sidohopp, kvot mellan godkänt och totalt antal hopp, bensymmetri, tid mellan hopp samt vinklar i höft, knä och fotled analyserades.

     Resultat: ACLTPP utförde minst antal sidohopp av alla grupper, samt hade längre tid mellan hoppen, mer knäabduktion  och mindre knäflexion, höftflexion, höftabduktion och fotledsflexion än ACLR. De skiljde sig också från kontrollerna  i de flesta av knävinklarna. Inga kinematiska skillnader fanns mellan ACLR och kontroller.  Få kinematiska  skillnader fanns mellan  benen  inom grupperna.

     Konklusion: ACI.mP uppvisar  en reducerad  knäfunktion  och ett avvikande  rörelsemönster jämfört  med kontrollerna  och ACLR, vilka mer liknar de knäfriska kontrollerna. Få skillnader mellan benen  indikerar bilaterala anpassningar inom ACLTPP·

  • 30.
    Bergström, Christoffer
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Eliasson, Martin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Äldre personers inställning till fallpreventiv träning: - en enkätstudie2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    BAKGRUND: Fallolyckor är vanliga bland äldre och medför lidande och kostnader för individ och samhälle. Trots att tidigare studier visat att träning i fallpreventivt syfte har goda effekter är det få äldre som påbörjar eller fullföljer ett sådant träningsprogram.

    SYFTE: Huvudsyftet med studien var att undersöka och jämföra äldre kvinnors och mäns inställning till träningsprogram i fallpreventivt syfte samt vad de uppfattade vara motiverande faktorer i ett sådant träningsprogram.

    METOD: En enkät med frågor om inställning till fallpreventiv träning, baserat på Theory of Planned Behavior, samt frågor om motiverande faktorer vid en sådan träning delades ut till två grupper av äldre. I studien inkluderades 58 personer över 65 år.

    RESULTAT: Resultaten visade att det inte fanns någon större skillnad i hur männen och kvinnorna ville träna i fallpreventivt syfte, däremot ansåg sig kvinnorna mer än männen vara den typ av person som borde göra övningar i fallpreventivt syfte (p=0,047). Kvinnorna var mer positivt inställda till fallpreventiv träning (p=0,030).

    KONKLUSION: Resultaten kan vara till hjälp för att lättare skapa fallpreventiva träningsprogram som kvinnor och män vill delta i och på så vis öka deltagandet. Vid skapandet av fallpreventivt träningsprogram behöver ingen eller liten hänsyn tas till vilket kön personen har.

  • 31.
    Bjerke, Joakim
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy. Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Education & Social Work, Sør-Trøndelag University College, Trondheim, Norway.
    Öhberg, Fredrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics.
    Nilsson, Kjell G
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Orthopaedics.
    Foss, Olav A
    Orthopaedic Research Centre, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
    Stensdotter, Ann-Katrin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy. Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Education & Social Work, Sør-Trøndelag University College, Trondheim, Norway.
    Peak knee flexion angles during stair descent in TKA patients2014In: The Journal of Arthroplasty, ISSN 0883-5403, E-ISSN 1532-8406, Vol. 29, no 4, p. 707-711Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Reduced peak knee flexion during stair descent (PKSD) is demonstrated in subjects with total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but the underlying factors are not well studied. 3D gait patterns during stair descent, peak passive knee flexion (PPKF), quadriceps strength, pain, proprioception, demographics, and anthropometrics were assessed in 23 unilateral TKA-subjects ~ 19 months post-operatively, and in 23 controls. PKSD, PPKF and quadriceps strength were reduced in the TKA-side, but also in the contralateral side. A multiple regression analysis identified PPKF as the only predictor (57%) to explain the relationship with PKSD. PPKF was, however sufficient for normal PKSD. Deficits in quadriceps strength in TKA-group suggest that strength is also contributing to smaller PKSD. Increased hip adduction at PKSD may indicate both compensatory strategy and reduced hip strength.

  • 32.
    Björck van Dijken, Christina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Orthopaedics. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Fjellman-Wiklund, Anncristine
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Community Medicine and Rehabilitation.
    Hildingsson, Christer
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Orthopaedics.
    Low back pain, lifestyle factors and physical activity: a population-based study.2008In: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, ISSN 1650-1977, E-ISSN 1651-2081, Vol. 40, no 10, p. 864-869Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective and designThe prevalence of low back pain was assessed in relation to physical activity, for both work and leisure activities, in a randomly selected population in the northern part of Sweden. Additionally, the associations between age, sex, level of education, lifestyle factors, demographic characteristics, and low back pain were evaluated. Subjects: A total of 5798 subjects aged 25–79 years were selected randomly from a geographically well-defined area in northern Sweden. Methods: Additional questions concerning people's experience of low back pain were added to the questionnaire of the World Health Organization MONICA (MONItoring of trends and determinants in CArdiovascular disease) health survey with the aim of investigating prevalence rates and factors associated with low back pain. Results: Forty-one percent of the participants reported having low back pain (of these 55% were women and 45% men). The prevalence rate was highest in the age group 55–64 years. Chronic low back pain was the most frequent occurring problem. Of those with low back pain, 43% of the women and 37% of the men reported having continuous low back pain for more than 6 months. Individuals with low back pain often experienced a more physically heavy workload at work and lower physical activity during leisure time, and they were also more likely to have been smokers, have had higher body mass index, lived in smaller communities, and were less educated than people without low back pain. Conclusion: Low back pain seems to be associated with physical activity at work and in leisure time, certain lifestyle factors and demographic characteristics.

  • 33.
    Björkbacka, Sofia
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Holmberg, Elin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Polisstudents träningsvanor och uppfattning om polisyrkets fysiska krav2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Introduktion: Polisyrket är ett stillasittande arbete som stundtals ställer höga krav på polisers fysiska kapacitet.

    Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka nyrekryterade polisstudenters tidigare och nuvarande träningsvanor. Syftet var också att undersöka studenternas uppfattning om träning och motivation för att klara de fysiska kraven på det framtida yrket.

    Metod: Totalt deltog 69 studenter från en polisutbildning i Sverige i denna frågeformulärsbaserade studie.

    Resultat: Polisstudenterna tränade i genomsnitt 7,6 timmar i veckan vid tiden för studien och 97 % angav att de tränat regelbundet under det senaste halvåret. De främsta anledningarna till att de tränade var för psykiskt och fysiskt välmående och för att klara det framtida yrket som polis. 90% av studenterna hade tränat regelbundet under ungdomsåren. De flesta polisstudenterna var positiva till införandet av regelbundna fystester för yrkesverksamma poliser.

    Slutsats: Polisstudenterna i denna studie hade flera års erfarenhet av träning och alla studenterna uppgav att de var motiverade att fortsätta träna. Eftersom tidigare studier visat att personer med lång träningsvana lättare upprätthåller en god fysisk kapacitet högre upp i åldern tydde resultatet i denna studie på att denna grupp studenter har goda förutsättningar att fortsätta vara fysiskt aktiva även efter avslutade studier.

  • 34.
    Björklund, Martin
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy. Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.
    Djupsjöbacka, Mats
    Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.
    Svedmark, Åsa
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy. Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.
    Häger, Charlotte
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Effects of tailored neck-shoulder pain treatment based on a decision model guided by clinical assessments and standardized functional tests: a study protocol of a randomized controlled trial2012In: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, E-ISSN 1471-2474, Vol. 13, article id 75Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: A major problem with rehabilitation interventions for neck pain is that the condition may have multiple causes, thus a single treatment approach is seldom efficient. The present study protocol outlines a single blinded randomised controlled trial evaluating the effect of tailored treatment for neck-shoulder pain. The treatment is based on a decision model guided by standardized clinical assessment and functional tests with cut-off values. Our main hypothesis is that the tailored treatment has better short, intermediate and long-term effects than either non-tailored treatment or treatment-as-usual (TAU) on pain and function. We sub-sequentially hypothesize that tailored and non-tailored treatment both have better effect than TAU.

    METHODS: 120 working women with minimum six weeks of nonspecific neck-shoulder pain aged 20-65, are allocated by minimisation with the factors age, duration of pain, pain intensity and disability in to the groups tailored treatment (T), non-tailored treatment (NT) or treatment-as-usual (TAU). Treatment is given to the groups T and NT for 11 weeks (27 sessions evenly distributed). An extensive presentation of the tests and treatment decision model is provided. The main treatment components are manual therapy, cranio-cervical flexion exercise and strength training, EMG-biofeedback training, treatment for cervicogenic headache, neck motor control training. A decision algorithm based on the baseline assessment determines the treatment components given to the each participant of T- and NT-groups. Primary outcome measures are physical functioning (Neck Disability Index) and average pain intensity last week (Numeric Rating Scale). Secondary outcomes are general improvement (Patient Global Impression of Change scale), symptoms (Profile Fitness Mapping neck questionnaire), capacity to work in the last 6 weeks (quality and quantity) and pressure pain threshold of m. trapezius. Primary and secondary outcomes will be reported for each group with effect size and its precision.

    DISCUSSION: We have chosen not to include women with psychological ill-health and focus on biomedical aspects of neck pain. Future studies should aim at including psychosocial aspects in a widened treatment decision model. No important adverse events or side-effects are expected.

    Trial registration: Current Controlled Trials registration ISRCTN49348025.

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  • 35.
    Björklund, Martin
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Djupsjöbacka, Mats
    Svedmark, Åsa
    Häger, Charlotte
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Effects of tailored versus non-tailored treatment on pain and pressure pain threshold in women with non-specific neck pain: A randomized controlled trial2014Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 36.
    Björklund, Martin
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Hamberg, Jern
    Heiden, Marina
    Barnekow-Bergkvist, Margareta
    The ProFitMap-neck - reliability and validity of a questionnaire for measuring symptoms and functional limitations in neck pain2012In: Disability and Rehabilitation, ISSN 0963-8288, E-ISSN 1464-5165, Vol. 34, no 13, p. 1096-1107Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: To assess overall reliability and validity of a neck-specific questionnaire, the Profile Fitness Mapping neck questionnaire (ProFitMap-neck), on three chronic neck pain groups. Method: Participating groups were as follows: whiplash associated disorders, inpatient care (IP-WAD, n = 127); nonspecific neck pain, inpatient care (IP-NS, n = 83) and nonspecific neck pain subjects (non-IP-NS, n = 104). All groups answered the ProFitMap-neck and the SF-36, whereas non-IP-NS also answered the Neck Disability Index (NDI) and the Functional Self-Efficacy Scale (SES). Internal consistency, test-retest reliability and components of convergent construct, face and content validity were determined for the ProFitMap-neck. Results: The ProFitMap-neck showed good internal consistency in all three groups, and ICC test-retest reliability (0.80-0.91). Good correlation (0.66-0.78) and highest agreement was reached with NDI. According to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, the symptom scale of the ProFitMap-neck was mainly classified to the domain of impairments-body functions, and the functional limitation scale to the activity limitation domain. Conclusion: The results indicate that the ProFitMap-neck is valid for measuring symptoms and functional limitations in people with chronic neck pain. The combination of a composite total score of symptoms and function as well as separate scores of each domain makes ProFitMap-neck suitable for research as well as in clinical practice.

  • 37.
    Björngard, Robert
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Benandlas kvinnor och män lika när de kontaktar hälsocentralen: en pilotstudie vid Offerdals hälsocentral2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 38.
    Blomqvist, Sven
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Postural balance, physical activity and capacity among young people with intellectual disability2013Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate postural balance, physical activity, physical capacity and their associations in young people (16-20 years) with intellectual disability (ID), mild to moderate. The aim was also to study the reliability and concurrent validity of postural balance tests.

    To evaluate postural balance, one assessor used five common postural balance tests and one new test. The tests were performed twice for 89 young people with ID (one to twelve days apart). Intraclass correlation coefficients greater than 0.80 were achieved for four of the common balance tests: Extended Timed Up and Go Test (ETUGT), Modified Forward Reach Test (MFRT), One-Leg Stance Test (OLS), and a Force Platform Test (FPT). The smallest real difference ranged from 12% to 40%; less than 20% is considered to be low. For the six balance tests, the concurrent validity varied between none to low.

    Falls are more common for young people with ID compared to young people without ID. One reason could be impaired postural balance. The postural balance for young people with ID has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, five balance tests and three muscle strength tests were used to compare young people with ID with an age-matched control group without ID (n=255). The young people with ID had significantly lower scores on most of the postural balance tests and muscle strength tests of the trunk and lower limbs. Muscle strength, height, and body mass index had no strong association with postural balance. The results also illustrated that young people with ID did not rely more on vision for their balance ability compared to peers without ID.

    It seems that postural balance is impaired for young people with ID when evaluated with common tests. An everyday situation is to react to unexpected balance disturbances to avoid falls by using different postural responses. Since young people with ID seem to fall more often than peers without ID, it is valuable to investigate if those postural responses are different between the groups. Therefore, young people with and without ID (n=99) were exposed to six backward surface translations and several postural muscle responses were evaluated: muscle synergies and strategies, muscle onset latency, time-to-peak amplitude, and adaptation. The responses of the investigated muscles – the gastrocnemius, the biceps femoris, and the erector spinae L4 level – were measured using electromyography. The results showed that there were no differences between the two groups with respect to synergies or strategies, muscle onset latency, and time-to-peak amplitude. An overall pattern was seen, that young people with ID adapted their muscle response slower in all three muscles than peers without ID, but this pattern was not statistically significant.

    Studies have shown that people with ID have impaired postural balance, a lower level of physical activity, and lower aerobic capacity compared to people without ID. The association is however not investigated. Therefore, postural balance (postural sway indirectly measured with the subjects standing on a force platform), physical activity (measured with a pedometer), and aerobic capacity (measured with a sub-maximal ergometer cycle test) were used to assess young people with and without ID (n=106). To investigate the subjects’ view of their own health, the subjects completed an adapted questionnaire that addressed their perceived health. The analysis showed no significant associations between postural balance, level of physical activity, and aerobic capacity. The subjects in the ID group, both men and women, had significantly lower aerobic capacity compared to subjects without ID. The answers from the health questionnaire did not correspond to the measured outcomes from the physical tests for young people with ID.

    In conclusion, ETUGT and MFRT can be used to evaluate change in postural balance over time in young people with mild to moderate ID. The low concurrent validity suggests that the postural balance tests probably challenge various subsystems. Young people with ID have impaired postural balance and perform lower on muscle strength tests than age-matched controls. Postural muscle responses after external perturbations seem to be similar for young people with and without ID, but the ability to adapt muscle responses after repeated perturbations appears to be slower for young people with ID. The studies in the thesis also indicate that young people with ID have reduced level of physical activity and lower aerobic capacity. The lack of association between the different physical functions indicates that they should be evaluated and exercised separately. Young persons with ID might have more difficulty realising the health advantage of being physically active, as they do not seem to make this connection. Because of this, it is important that parents/guardians, school staff, physiotherapists, and others encourage them to participate in physical activity.

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  • 39.
    Blomqvist, Sven
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Olsson, Josefine
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Wallin, Louise
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Wester, Anita
    Rehn, Börje
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Adolescents with intellectual disability have reduced postural balance and muscle performance in trunk and lower limbs compared to peers without intellectual disability2013In: Research in Developmental Disabilities, ISSN 0891-4222, E-ISSN 1873-3379, Vol. 34, no 1, p. 198-206Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    For adolescent people with ID, falls are more common compared to peers without ID. However, postural balance among this group is not thoroughly investigated. The aim of this study was to compare balance and muscle performance among adolescents aged between 16 and 20 years with a mild to moderate intellectual disability (ID) to age-matched adolescents without ID. A secondary purpose was to investigate the influence of vision, strength, height and Body Mass Index (BMI) on balance. A group of 100 adolescents with ID and a control group of 155 adolescents without ID were investigated with five balance tests and three strength tests: timed up and go test, one leg stance, dynamic one leg stance, modified functional reach test, force platform test, counter movement jump, sit-ups, and Biering-Sorensen trunk extensor endurance test. The results showed that adolescents with an ID in general had significantly lower scores in the balance and muscle performance tests. The group with ID did not have a more visually dominated postural control compared to the group without ID. Height, BMI or muscle performance had no strong correlations with balance performance. It appears as if measures to improve balance and strength are required already at a young age for people with an ID. 

  • 40.
    Blomqvist, Sven
    et al.
    Swedish Development Centre for Disability Sport, Bollnäs, Sweden.
    Rehn, Börje
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Validity and reliability of the Dynamic One Leg Stance (DOLS) in people with vision loss2007In: Advances in Physiotherapy, ISSN 1403-8196, E-ISSN 1651-1948, Vol. 9, no 3, p. 129-135Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study tests the concurrent validity and test–retest reliability of a new functional balance test – the Dynamic One Leg Stance (DOLS) in blind subjects and sighted, blindfolded subjects. Twelve blind and 12 sighted men and women between 19 and 61 years volunteered to participate. The correlation between DOLS and the commonly used One Leg Stance balance test (OLS) and the force platform test (FPT) was tested for both the right and left leg. The test–retest reliability of DOLS was analysed using three measurements at least 2 h apart. The correlation between DOLS and FPT and between DOLS and OLS for blind subjects was −0.13 (n.s.) and 0.77 for the left leg and −0.78 and 0.89 for the right leg. For blindfolded subjects, the correlations were −0.56 (n.s.) and 0.93 for the left leg and −0.61 and 0.71 for the right leg. The weighted Kappa values for DOLS were between 0.47 and 0.88 for blind subjects and between 0.47 and 0.72 for blindfolded subjects. Based on these findings, DOLS appears to be a fairly valid and reliable balance test for subjects with vision loss, acquired and experimental. However, further tests of DOLS are necessary.

  • 41.
    Blomqvist, Sven
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Wester, Anita
    Skolverket.
    Persson, Elin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Sundkvist, Hillevi
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Sundelin, Gunnevi
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Rehn, Börje
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Postural stability, physical activity, aerobic capacity and their associations for young people with and without intellectual disabilities2014In: European Journal of Adapted Physical Activity, E-ISSN 1803-3857, Vol. 7, no 1, p. 22-30Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Previous studies show that people with intellectual disability (ID) appear to have impaired postural stability, a lower level of physical activity, and lower aerobic capacity compared to persons without ID, limitations that could affect their health. This study investigates these physical functions and their associations in a group of young people with ID compared to an age-matched group without ID. In total, this cross-sectional study included 106 high school students (16-20 years): 57 students with mild to moderate ID and 49 agematched students without ID (control group). Tests were performed for postural stability, level of physical activity, and aerobic capacity. Both females and males with ID had significantly lower estimated maximum oxygen uptake (l O2/min) (p< 0.001 for females and p=0.004 for males) and a lower aerobic capacity expressed relative to body weight (ml O2/ kg*min) (p< 0.001 for females and p=0.012 for males) compared to age-matched peers. Analyses of associations were made using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multivariate linear regression analysis. No significant associations could be found. Physical status appears impaired for young people with ID and functions, such as postural stability, should be evaluated separately

  • 42.
    Blomqvist, Sven
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Wester, Anita
    Sundelin, Gunnevi
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Rehn, Börje
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Test-retest reliability, smallest real difference and concurrent validity of six different balance tests on young people with mild to moderate intellectual disability2012In: Physiotherapy, ISSN 0031-9406, E-ISSN 1873-1465, Vol. 98, no 4, p. 313-319Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives Some studies have reported that people with intellectual disability may have reduced balance ability compared with the population in general. However, none of these studies involved adolescents, and the reliability and validity of balance tests in this population are not known. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of six different balance tests and to investigate their concurrent validity.

    Design Test-retest reliability assessment.

    Settings All subjects were recruited from a special school for people with intellectual disability in Bollnas, Sweden.

    Participants Eighty-nine adolescents (35 females and 54 males) with mild to moderate intellectual disability with a mean age of 18 years (range 16 to 20 years).

    Interventions All subjects followed the same test protocol on two occasions within an 11-day period.

    Main outcomes Balance test performances.

    Results Intraclass correlation coefficients greater than 0.80 were achieved for four of the balance tests: Extended Timed Up and Go Test, Modified Functional Reach Test, One-leg Stance Test and Force Platform Test. The smallest real differences ranged from 12% to 40%; less than 20% is considered to be low. Concurrent validity among these balance tests varied between no and low correlation.

    Conclusion The results indicate that these tests could be used to evaluate changes in balance ability over time in people with mild to moderate intellectual disability. The low concurrent validity illustrates the importance of knowing more about the influence of various sensory subsystems that are significant for balance among adolescents with intellectual disability.

    (C) 2011 Chartered Society of Physiotherapy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  • 43.
    Bocké, Charlotte
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Uppfattningar efter total höftledsplastik hos patienter som inte är nöjda med resultatet efter operationen: En kvalitativ innehällsanalys.2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Bakgrund

    För patienter med höftledsartros och som genomgått primär höftprotesoperation i Sverige, är implantatöverlevnaden nästan 100% efter ett år. Trots detta är nöjdheten hos patienterna knappt 90%. Genom patientrapporterat utfall har Svenska höftprotesregistret identifierat personer som angett att de är osäkra och missnöjda vid ett ärsuppföljningen.

    Syfte

    Syftet med studien var att belysa uppfattningar om resultatet ett år efter höftprotesoperation hos patienter som inte är nöjda trots avsaknad av registrerad komplikation.

    Metod

    Deltagare rekryterades frän Svenska höftprotesregistrets databas. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med tjugotvå personer (femton kvinnor och sju män) i åldern 49-85 är om sina erfarenheter och uppfattningar av resultet efter total höftprotesoperation. Intervjuerna analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys.

    Resultat

    Deltagarna hade en önskan om en gedigen och förlängd support och vägledning när livet var begränsat av funktionshinder. Analysen resulterade i fyra kategorier: Ett liv begränsat av funktionshinder, Negativ inverkan på det dagliga livet, Upplevelse av otillräckligt stöd och bemötande, Sjukvärdspersonalens begränsade tillgänglighet.

    Konklusion

    Patienters uppfattningar om nöjdhet med resultatet efter total höftprotesoperation är komplext och innefattar många av livets områden. Ingen av deltagarnas förväntningar var helt uppfyllda. Vägledning och stöd från hälso- och sjukvården är viktiga för patienten även om ortopedkliniken anser att interventionen är uppfylld.

  • 44.
    Bohlin, Anna
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine.
    Ahlgren, Christina
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Hammarström, Anne
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine.
    Gustafsson, Per E.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine.
    Perceived gender inequality in the couple relationship and musculoskeletal pain in middle-aged women and men2013In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1403-4948, E-ISSN 1651-1905, Vol. 41, no 8, p. 825-831Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims: Musculoskeletal pain is a major health problem, especially in women, and is partially determined by psychosocial factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether gender inequality in the couple relationship was related to musculoskeletal pain. Methods: Participants (n=721; 364 women and 357 men) were all individuals living in a couple relationship in the Northern Swedish Cohort, a 26-year Swedish cohort study. Self-administered questionnaire data at age 42 years comprised perceived gender inequality in the couple relationship and musculoskeletal pain (in three locations, summarised into one score and median-split), concurrent demographic factors, psychological distress, and previous musculoskeletal pain at age 30 years. Associations were examined using logistic regression. Results: Gender inequality was positively associated with symptoms of musculoskeletal pain in the total sample, remaining significant after addition of possible confounders and of previous musculoskeletal pain. Separate adjustment for concurrent psychological distress attenuated the association but not below significance. The association was present and of comparable strength in both women and men. Conclusions: Gender inequality in the couple relationship might contribute to the experience of musculoskeletal pain in both women and men. The results highlight the potential adverse bodily consequences of living in unequal relationships.

  • 45. Bohlin, Lisa
    et al.
    Sandström, Susanne
    Ångström, Lars
    Lindström, Britta
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Inter-tester reliability of active hip range of motion in patients with rheumatic diagnosis2005In: Advances in Physiotherapy, ISSN 1403-8196, Vol. 7, p. 32-39Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 46.
    Boström, Gustaf
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine.
    Conradsson, Mia
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine.
    Rosendahl, Erik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine.
    Nordström, Peter
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine.
    Gustafson, Yngve
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine.
    Littbrand, Håkan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine.
    Functional capacity and dependency in transfer and dressing are associated with depressive symptoms in older people2014In: Clinical Interventions in Aging, ISSN 1176-9092, E-ISSN 1178-1998, Vol. 9, p. 249-257Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: This study examined associations between depressive symptoms and functional capacity, overall dependency in personal activities of daily living (ADLs), and dependency in individual ADL tasks, respectively, in people with a high mean age, large range of functional capacity, and wide spectrum of dependency in ADLs. Methods: Cross-sectional data from three studies were used. A total of 392 individuals living in community and residential care facilities were included. Mean age was 86.2 years, 72% were women, 75% were dependent in ADLs, 42% had depression, and 39% had dementia. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15), functional capacity with the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and ADLs with the Barthel ADL Index. Multiple linear regression analyses with comprehensive adjustments were performed between GDS-15 and BBS, GDS-15 and Barthel ADL Index, and GDS-15 and each individual ADL task, separately. Results: GDS-15 score was associated with BBS score (unstandardized b=-0.03, P=0.008), but not with Barthel ADL Index score (unstandardized b=-0.07, P=0.068). No significant interaction effects of sex, dementia, or living conditions were found in these associations. Among individual ADL tasks, dependency in transfer (unstandardized b=-1.03, P=0.007) and dressing (unstandardized b=-0.70, P=0.035) were associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Functional capacity seems to be independently associated with depressive symptoms in older people living in community and residential care facilities, whereas overall ADL performance may not be associated. Dependency in the individual ADL tasks of transfer and dressing appear to be independently associated with depressive symptoms and may be an important focus of future interdisciplinary multifactorial intervention studies.

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  • 47.
    Britta, Lindström
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Karlsson, Stefan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences.
    Lexell, Jan
    Isokinetic torque and surface electromyography during fatiguing muscle contractions in young and older men and women.2006In: Isokinetics and Exercise Science, ISSN 0959-3020, Vol. 14, p. 225-234Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 48.
    Bugge Jakobsen, Knut Erling
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Wilén, Catarina
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    ”Tejpen ger mig liksom en trygghet”: - tävlingsidrottares upplevelse av att använda Kinesiotape®2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Introduktion: Kinesiotape® är ett populärt verktyg vid både rehabilitering och prevention av idrottsskador inom idrotten, dess påvisade effekt är dock ännu osäker. Ingen kvalitativ studie är tidigare gjord på upplevelsen av att använda Kinesiotape®.

    Syfte: Syftet med studien var att utforska tävlingsidrottares upplevelser av att använda Kinesiotape® vid rehabilitering av idrottsskador eller som prevention.

    Metod: I denna studie användes semistrukturerade intervjuer som analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundman. Totalt fem tävlingsidrottare deltog i intervjuerna; två från Sverige och tre från Norge.

    Resultat: Analysen resulterade i de tre kategorierna Läkande effekt, Trygghetskänsla och Smärtlindring. Informanterna uttryckte bland annat att Kinesiotape® hade påskyndat läkning av inflammation, ökat blodcirkulation verkat smärtlindrande och fungerat som psykiskt stöd. Tejpen användes enskilt eller i kombination med andra metoder. Effekterna kom tydligt fram i flera intervjuer, dock fanns även upplevelser av att tejpen inte hade gett någon effekt alls.

    Konklusion: Resultatet visade att Kinesiotape® hade bidragit till flera positiva effekter. Tolkning av intervjuerna antyder även att det kan vara ett enkelt och säkert verktyg att använda för fysioterapeuter, då möjligtvis som ett komplement till andra behandlingsmetoder.

  • 49.
    Bylund, Nils
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Lundberg, Michael
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Polisstudenters fysiska kapacitet i förhållande till normal fysisk förmåga2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Introduktion: Polisyrket innehåller varierande arbetsuppgifter och är stundvis fysiskt krävande. För att antas till polisutbildningen ska sökanden inneha god hälsa och normal fysisk förmåga. Studier har undersökt polisstudenters fysiska förmågor vid utbildningens början, inga har dock jämfört resultaten med normalvärden.

    Syfte: Syftet med den här studien var att beskriva fysisk kapacitet hos polisstudenter i början av sin utbildning samt eventuella skillnader mellan kvinnor och män. Ytterligare syften var att jämföra resultaten med normalvärden där det är möjligt samt undersöka sambandet mellan explosivitetstester i nedre och övre extremitet.

    Metod: 64 polisstudenter utförde tester som mätte kondition, greppstyrka, bålstabilitet, explosivitet i nedre och övre extremitet. Alla polisstudenter deltog inte i samtliga tester.

    Resultat: Polisstudenterna presterade signifikant högre resultat än normalvärden gällande maximalt syreupptag och greppstyrka. De manliga polisstudenterna hade en signifikant högre kapacitet än de kvinnliga i samtliga test utom bålstabilitetstestet. Ett signifikant samband fanns mellan explosivitet i nedre och övre extremitet.

    Slutsats: I början på sin utbildning är polisstudenterna en grupp med fysiska kapaciteter som överstiger normal fysisk förmåga. Det finns även signifikanta skillnader mellan de manliga och kvinnliga studenternas fysiska kapaciteter. Dessa resultat pekar på att antagningskraven rimligtvis bör justeras för att göra de mer rättvisa. Alternativt att en fysisk kravprofil för polisyrket arbetas fram om antagningskraven ska behållas lika för alla.

  • 50.
    Bäcklund, Catharina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Sundelin, Gunnevi
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Larsson, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Effect of a 1-year lifestyle intervention on physical activity in overweight and obese children2011In: Advances in Physiotherapy, ISSN 1403-8196, E-ISSN 1651-1948, Vol. 13, no 3, p. 87-96Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study evaluated the effect of a family-based multifactor intervention programme on physical activity among overweight or obese children. Children (n = 105, mean age 10.6 ± 1.07 years) with overweight or obesity were randomized into an intervention or control group. The intervention group participated in a 1-year programme aiming at lifestyle changes regarding food habits and physical activity. All children's physical activity was measured using SenseWear Armband at baseline and after 1 year. The children in both groups had a physical activity level (PAL) of 1.67 (0.27) at baseline. When comparing the intervention and control groups, no significant differences were found in physical activity outcome variables after 1 year of intervention. Contrarily to the hypotheses, both groups decreased their energy expenditure and time spent at >3 MET, and there was no change in steps and screen time after 1 year. Despite extensive efforts, the intervention showed no significant positive effect on overweight and obese children's PAL. Further studies are needed to obtain more knowledge on how to maintain or increase the PAL successfully among overweight and obese children.

    Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/14038196.2011.566353

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