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  • 1.
    Abdel-Aziz, Mahmoud I.
    et al.
    Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Dept of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
    Vijverberg, Susanne J.H.
    Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    Neerincx, Anne H.
    Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    Brinkman, Paul
    Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    Wagener, Ariane H.
    Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    Riley, John H.
    Respiratory Therapeutic Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stockley Park, United Kingdom.
    Sousa, Ana R.
    Respiratory Therapeutic Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stockley Park, United Kingdom.
    Bates, Stewart
    Respiratory Therapeutic Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stockley Park, United Kingdom.
    Wagers, Scott S.
    BioSci Consulting, Maasmechelen, Belgium.
    De Meulder, Bertrand
    European Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, CIRI UMR5308, CNRS-ENS-UCBLINSERM, Lyon, France.
    Auffray, Charles
    European Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, CIRI UMR5308, CNRS-ENS-UCBLINSERM, Lyon, France.
    Wheelock, Åsa M.
    Respiratory Medicine Unit, Dept of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Dept of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Bansal, Aruna T.
    Acclarogen Ltd, St John’s Innovation Centre, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
    Caruso, Massimo
    Dept of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
    Chanez, Pascal
    Département des Maladies Respiratoires APHM, U1067 INSERM, Aix Marseille Université Marseille, Marseille, France.
    Uddin, Mohib
    AstraZeneca BioPharmaceuticals R&D, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Corfield, Julie
    AstraZeneca R&D, Molndal, Sweden; Areteva R&D, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
    Horvath, Ildiko
    Dept of Public Health, Semmelweis University, National Koranyi Institute for Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary.
    Krug, Norbert
    Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
    Musial, Jacek
    Dept of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
    Sun, Kai
    Data Science Institute, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
    Shaw, Dominick E.
    Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
    Sandström, Thomas
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Montuschi, Paolo
    Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
    Fowler, Stephen J.
    Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom.
    Lutter, René
    Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Dept of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    Djukanovic, Ratko
    NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, and Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
    Howarth, Peter
    NIHR Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, and Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
    Skipp, Paul
    Centre for Proteomic Research, Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
    Sanak, Marek
    Dept of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
    Adcock, Ian M.
    National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
    Chung, Kian Fan
    National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
    Sterk, Peter J.
    Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    Kraneveld, Aletta D.
    Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
    Maitland-Van der Zee, Anke H.
    Dept of Respiratory Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Dept of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    A multi-omics approach to delineate sputum microbiome-associated asthma inflammatory phenotypes2022In: European Respiratory Journal, ISSN 0903-1936, E-ISSN 1399-3003, Vol. 59, no 1, article id 2102603Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A multi-omics approach revealed the underlying biological pathways in the microbiome-driven severe asthma phenotypes. This may help to elucidate new leads for treatment development, particularly for the therapeutically challenging neutrophilic asthma.

  • 2.
    Abdelsayed, Mena
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Bytyci, Ibadete
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Cardiology. Universi College, Bardhosh, Prishtina, Kosovo.
    Rydberg, Annika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Henein, Michael Y.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Cardiology. Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George University London, UK; Institute of Fluid Dynamics, Brunel University, London, UK.
    Left Ventricular Contraction Duration Is the Most Powerful Predictor of Cardiac Events in LQTS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis2020In: Journal of Clinical Medicine, E-ISSN 2077-0383, Vol. 9, no 9, article id 2820Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Long-QT syndrome (LQTS) is primarily an electrical disorder characterized by a prolonged myocardial action potential. The delay in cardiac repolarization leads to electromechanical (EM) abnormalities, which adds a diagnostic value for LQTS. Prolonged left ventricular (LV) contraction was identified as a potential risk for arrhythmia. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the best predictor of all EM parameters for cardiac events (CEs) in LQTS patients. Methods: We systematically searched all electronic databases up to March 2020, to select studies that assessed the relationship between echocardiographic indices—contraction duration (CD), mechanical dispersion (MD), QRS onset to peak systolic strain (QAoC), and the EM window (EMW); and electrical indices— corrected QT interval (QTC), QTC dispersion, RR interval in relation to CEs in LQTS. This meta-analysis included a total of 1041 patients and 373 controls recruited from 12 studies. Results: The meta-analysis showed that LQTS patients had electrical and mechanical abnormalities as compared to controls—QTC, WMD 72.8; QTC dispersion, WMD 31.7; RR interval, WMD 91.5; CD, WMD 49.2; MD, WMD 15.9; QAoC, WMD 27.8; and EMW, WMD −62.4. These mechanical abnormalities were more profound in symptomatic compared to asymptomatic patients in whom disturbances were already manifest, compared to controls. A CD ≥430 ms had a summary sensitivity (SS) of 71%, specificity of 84%, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) >19.5 in predicting CEs. EMW and QTC had a lower accuracy. Conclusions: LQTS is associated with pronounced EM abnormalities, particularly prolonged LV myocardial CD, which is profound in symptomatic patients. These findings highlight the significant role of EM indices like CD in managing LQTS patients.

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  • 3.
    Adams, David
    et al.
    Department of Neurology, French National Reference Centre for Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy, CHU Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay APHP, INSERM U1195, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
    Ando, Yukio
    Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan.
    Beirão, João Melo
    Ophthalmology Service, Hospital de Santo António, Porto, Portugal.
    Coelho, Teresa
    Centro Hospitalar Do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
    Gertz, Morie A.
    Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.
    Gillmore, Julian D.
    National Amyloidosis Centre, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
    Hawkins, Philip N.
    National Amyloidosis Centre, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
    Lousada, Isabelle
    Amyloidosis Research Consortium, Boston, MA, United States.
    Suhr, Ole B.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Merlini, Giampaolo
    Amyloidosis Center Foundation, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, San Matteo, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
    Expert consensus recommendations to improve diagnosis of ATTR amyloidosis with polyneuropathy2021In: Journal of Neurology, ISSN 0340-5354, E-ISSN 1432-1459, Vol. 268, no 6, p. 2109-2122Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Amyloid transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (PN) is a progressive, debilitating, systemic disease wherein transthyretin protein misfolds to form amyloid, which is deposited in the endoneurium. ATTR amyloidosis with PN is the most serious hereditary polyneuropathy of adult onset. It arises from a hereditary mutation in theTTRgene and may involve the heart as well as other organs. It is critical to identify and diagnose the disease earlier because treatments are available to help slow the progression of neuropathy. Early diagnosis is complicated, however, because presentation may vary and family history is not always known. Symptoms may be mistakenly attributed to other diseases such as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), idiopathic axonal polyneuropathy, lumbar spinal stenosis, and, more rarely, diabetic neuropathy and AL amyloidosis. In endemic countries (e.g., Portugal, Japan, Sweden, Brazil), ATTR amyloidosis with PN should be suspected in any patient who has length-dependent small-fiber PN with autonomic dysfunction and a family history of ATTR amyloidosis, unexplained weight loss, heart rhythm disorders, vitreous opacities, or renal abnormalities. In nonendemic countries, the disease may present as idiopathic rapidly progressive sensory motor axonal neuropathy or atypical CIDP with any of the above symptoms or with bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome, gait disorders, or cardiac hypertrophy. Diagnosis should include DNA testing, biopsy, and amyloid typing. Patients should be followed up every 6-12 months, depending on the severity of the disease and response to therapy. This review outlines detailed recommendations to improve the diagnosis of ATTR amyloidosis with PN.

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  • 4. Adams, David
    et al.
    Polydefkis, Michael
    Gonzalez-Duarte, Alejandra
    Wixner, Jonas
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Kristen, Arnt, V
    Schmidt, Hartmut H.
    Berk, John L.
    Losada Lopez, Ines Asuncion
    Dispenzieri, Angela
    Quan, Dianna
    Conceicao, Isabel M.
    Slama, Michel S.
    Gillmore, Julian D.
    Kyriakides, Theodoros
    Ajroud-Driss, Senda
    Waddington-Cruz, Marcia
    Mezei, Michelle M.
    Plante-Bordeneuve, Violaine
    Attarian, Shahram
    Mauricio, Elizabeth
    Brannagan, Thomas H., III
    Ueda, Mitsuharu
    Aldinc, Emre
    Wang, Jing Jing
    White, Matthew T.
    Vest, John
    Berber, Erhan
    Sweetser, Marianne T.
    Coelho, Teresa
    Pedrosa-Domellöf, Fatima
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Ophthalmology.
    Long-term safety and efficacy of patisiran for hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis with polyneuropathy: 12-month results of an open-label extension study2021In: Lancet Neurology, ISSN 1474-4422, E-ISSN 1474-4465, Vol. 20, no 1, p. 49-59Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis is a rare, inherited, progressive disease caused by mutations in the transthyretin (TTR) gene. We assessed the safety and efficacy of long-term treatment with patisiran, an RNA interference therapeutic that inhibits TTR production, in patients with hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. Methods This multicentre, open-label extension (OLE) trial enrolled patients at 43 hospitals or clinical centres in 19 countries as of Sept 24, 2018. Patients were eligible if they had completed the phase 3 APOLLO or phase 2 OLE parent studies and tolerated the study drug. Eligible patients from APOLLO (patisiran and placebo groups) and the phase 2 OLE (patisiran group) studies enrolled in this global OLE trial and received patisiran 0.3 mg/kg by intravenous infusion every 3 weeks with plans to continue to do so for up to 5 years. Efficacy assessments included measures of polyneuropathy (modified Neuropathy Impairment Score +7 [mNIS+7]), quality of life, autonomic symptoms, nutritional status, disability, ambulation status, motor function, and cardiac stress, with analysis by study groups (APOLLO-placebo, APOLLO-patisiran, phase 2 OLE patisiran) based on allocation in the parent trial. The global OLE is ongoing with no new enrolment, and current findings are based on the interim analysis of the patients who had completed 12-month efficacy assessments as of the data cutoff. Safety analyses included all patients who received one or more dose of patisiran up to the data cutoff. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02510261. Findings Between July 13, 2015, and Aug 21, 2017, of 212 eligible patients, 211 were enrolled: 137 patients from the APOLLO-patisiran group, 49 from the APOLLO-placebo group, and 25 from the phase 2 OLE patisiran group. At the data cutoff on Sept 24, 2018, 126 (92%) of 137 patients from the APOLLO-patisiran group, 38 (78%) of 49 from the APOLLO-placebo group, and 25 (100%) of 25 from the phase 2 OLE patisiran group had completed 12-month assessments. At 12 months, improvements in mNIS+7 with patisiran were sustained from parent study baseline with treatment in the global OLE (APOLLO-patisiran mean change -4.0, 95 % CI -7.7 to -0.3; phase 2 OLE patisiran -4.7, -11.9 to 2.4). Mean mNIS+7 score improved from global OLE enrolment in the APOLLO-placebo group (mean change from global OLE enrolment -1.4, 95% CI -6.2 to 3.5). Overall, 204 (97%) of 211 patients reported adverse events, 82 (39%) reported serious adverse events, and there were 23 (11%) deaths. Serious adverse events were more frequent in the APOLLO-placebo group (28 [57%] of 49) than in the APOLLO-patisiran (48 [35%] of 137) or phase 2 OLE patisiran (six [24%] of 25) groups. The most common treatment-related adverse event was mild or moderate infusion-related reactions. The frequency of deaths in the global OLE was higher in the APOLLO-placebo group (13 [27%] of 49), who had a higher disease burden than the APOLLO-patisiran (ten [7%] of 137) and phase 2 OLE patisiran (0 of 25) groups. Interpretation In this interim 12-month analysis of the ongoing global OLE study, patisiran appeared to maintain efficacy with an acceptable safety profile in patients with hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis with polyneuropathy. Continued long-term follow-up will be important for the overall assessment of safety and efficacy with patisiran. Copyright (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  • 5. Adlard, B.
    et al.
    Donaldson, S. G.
    Odland, J. O.
    Weihe, P.
    Berner, J.
    Carlsen, A.
    Bonefeld-Jorgensen, E. C.
    Dudarev, A. A.
    Gibson, J. C.
    Krümmel, E. M.
    Olafsdottir, K.
    Abass, K.
    Rautio, A.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Bergdahl, Ingvar A.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
    Mulvad, G.
    Future directions for monitoring and human health research for the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme2018In: Global Health Action, ISSN 1654-9716, E-ISSN 1654-9880, Vol. 11, no 1, article id 1480084Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    For the last two and a half decades, a network of human health experts under the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP) has produced several human health assessment reports. These reports have provided a base of scientific knowledge regarding environmental contaminants and their impact on human health in the Arctic. These reports provide scientific information and policy-relevant recommendations to Arctic governments. They also support international agreements such as the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and the Minamata Convention on Mercury. Key topics discussed in this paper regarding future human health research in the circumpolar Arctic are continued contaminant biomonitoring, health effects research and risk communication. The objective of this paper is to describe knowledge gaps and future priorities for these fields.

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  • 6.
    Ahlberg, Alexandra
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Hemodynamiska parametrar vid Pulmonell Arteriell Hypertension (PAH) och deras prediktiva värde för överlevnad2021Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 7.
    Ahmadi, Zainab
    et al.
    Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Dept of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund, Sweden.
    Igelström, Helena
    Dept of Neuroscience, Physiotherapy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Sandberg, Jacob
    Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Dept of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund, Sweden.
    Sundh, Josefin
    Dept of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Sköld, Magnus
    Respiratory Medicine Unit, Dept of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Dept of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Janson, Christer
    Dept of Medical Sciences: Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Blomberg, Anders
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Bornefalk, Hans
    Hans Bornefalk AB, Vallentuna, Sweden.
    Bornefalk-Hermansson, Anna
    Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Ekström, Magnus
    Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Dept of Clinical Sciences Lund, Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lund, Sweden.
    Agreement of the modified Medical Research Council and New York Heart Association scales for assessing the impact of self-rated breathlessness in cardiopulmonary disease2022In: ERJ Open Research, E-ISSN 2312-0541, Vol. 8, no 1, article id 00460-2021Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The functional impact of breathlessness is assessed using the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) scale for chronic respiratory disease and with the New York Heart Association Functional Classification (NYHA) scale for heart failure. We evaluated agreement between the scales and their concurrent validity with other clinically relevant patient-reported outcomes in cardiorespiratory disease.

    Methods: Outpatients with stable chronic respiratory disease or heart failure were recruited. Agreement between the mMRC and NYHA scales was analysed using Cramér’s V and Kendall’s tau B tests. Concurrent validity was evaluated using correlations with clinically relevant measures of breathlessness, anxiety, depression, and health-related quality of life. Analyses were conducted for all participants and separately in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and heart failure.

    Results: In a total of 182 participants with cardiorespiratory disease, the agreement between the mMRC and NYHA scales was moderate (Cramér’s V: 0.46; Kendall’s tau B: 0.57) with similar results for COPD (Cramér’s V: 0.46; Kendall’s tau B: 0.66) and heart failure (Cramér’s V: 0.46; Kendall’s tau B: 0.67). In the total population, the scales correlated in similar ways to other patient-reported outcomes.

    Conclusion: In outpatients with cardiorespiratory disease, the mMRC and NYHA scales show moderate to strong correlations and similar associations with other patient-reported outcomes. This supports that the scales are comparable when assessing the impact of breathlessness on function and patient-reported outcomes.

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  • 8. Ahmeti, Artan
    et al.
    Bytyci, Feriz S.
    Bielecka-Dabrowa, Agata
    Bytyci, Ibadete
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine. Clinic of Cardiology, University Clinical Centre of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo.
    Henein, Michael Y.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Cardiology. Molecular and Clinic Research Institute, St George University, London, UK; Brunel University, London, UK.
    Prognostic value of left atrial volume index in acute coronary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis2021In: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging, ISSN 1475-0961, E-ISSN 1475-097X, p. 128-135Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: In the absence of mitral valve disease, increased left atrial volume (LAV) is a marker of diastolic dysfunction and long-standing elevated left ventricle (LV) pressure. The aim of this study was to assess the role of increased baseline LAV in predicting clinical outcome of patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

    Methods: We systematically searched all electronic databases up to September 2020 in order to select clinical trials and observational studies, which assessed the predictive role of LAV indexed (LAVI) on clinical outcome in patients with ACS. Primary clinical endpoints were as follows: major adverse cardiac events (MACE), all-cause mortality and hospitalization. Secondary endpoints were in-hospital complications.

    Results: A total of 2,705 patients from 11 cohort studies with a mean follow-up 18.7 +/- 9.8 months were included in the meta-analysis. Patients with low LAVI had low risk for MACE (15.9% vs. 33.7%; p < .01), long-term all-cause mortality (9.14% vs. 18.1%; p < .01), short-term mortality (3.31% vs. 9.38%; p = .02) and lower hospitalization rate (11.6% vs. 25.5%; p < .01) compared to patients with increased LAVI. Atrial fibrillation and cardiogenic shock as in-hospital events were lower (p < .05 for all) in patients with low LAVI but ventricular fibrillation/tachycardia was not different between groups (p = .14).

    Conclusion: Increased LAVI is an independent predictor of outcome in patients with ACS. Thus, assessment of LA index in these patients is important for better risk stratification and guidance towards optimum clinical management.

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  • 9.
    Ainegren, Mats
    et al.
    Sports Tech Research Centre, Department of Quality Management and Mechanical Engineering, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.
    Hanstock, Helen
    Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden.
    Stenfors, Nikolai
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Breathing resistance in heat and moisture exchanging devices2022In: Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, ISSN 1754-3371, Vol. 236, no 2, p. 97-105Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the resistance to breathing (RES) in heat and moisture exchanging devices (HME) intended for use during physical activity in the cold. RES was investigated for seventeen HMEs, including different types of filters. In addition, the influence of headwind on RES was tested using four representative HMEs. HMEs were mounted to the face of an artificial head manufactured from ABS plastic. The HMEs were connected to a mechanical lung simulator, which delivered standardised inspiratory and expiratory air flow rates (V⋅, L/s). The delta pressure (Δp, Pa) between ambient air and the air inside the HME was measured, whereupon RES was calculated. The results showed significant (p < 0.05) differences in RES between HMEs from different manufacturers, while the difference was smaller, and in some cases not significant (p > 0.05), between different models/filters within the same brand. The results also showed that RES was highly influenced by different ventilations and headwind conditions. RES increased with increased V⋅ and, when a headwind was introduced, RES decreased during inspiration and increased during expiration. Calculations showed that the oxygen and energy cost for breathing through an HME was very small for most of the tested models. The effect of HME dead space on pulmonary gas fractions depends on the tidal volume. At large tidal volumes and ventilations, the effect of HMEs on pulmonary gas fractions becomes relatively small.

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  • 10. Ajroud-Driss, Senda
    et al.
    Adams, David
    Coelho, Teresa
    Polydefkis, Michael
    Gonzalez-Duarte, Alejandra
    Quan, Dianna
    Kristen, Arnt
    Berk, John L.
    Partisano, Angela M.
    Gollob, Jared
    Sweetser, Marianne T.
    Chen, Jihong
    Agarwal, Sonalee
    Suhr, Ole B.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Impact of Patisiran on Overall Health Status in hATTR Amyloidosis: Results from the APOLLO Trial2019In: Neurology, ISSN 0028-3878, E-ISSN 1526-632X, Vol. 92, no 15Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 11.
    Alcala, Karine
    et al.
    International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Genomic Epidemiology Branch, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon, France.
    Mariosa, Daniela
    International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Genomic Epidemiology Branch, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon, France.
    Smith-Byrne, Karl
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
    Nasrollahzadeh Nesheli, Dariush
    International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Genomic Epidemiology Branch, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon, France.
    Carreras-Torres, Robert
    Group of Digestive Diseases and Microbiota, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona-IDIBGI, Salt, Spain.
    Ardanaz Aicua, Eva
    Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain; CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
    Bondonno, Nicola P
    Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia; Institute for Nutrition Research, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.
    Bonet, Catalina
    Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Catalan Institute of Oncology, ICO, Nutrition and Cancer Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-(IDIBELL), l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
    Brunström, Mattias
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Bueno-De-Mesquita, Bas
    Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands.
    Chirlaque, María-Dolores
    CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia University, Murcia, Spain.
    Christakoudi, Sofia
    Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, St Mary's Campus, London, United Kingdom; MRC Centre for Transplantation, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
    Heath, Alicia K
    Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
    Katzke, Verena
    Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
    Krogh, Vittorio
    Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
    Ljungberg, Börje
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Urology and Andrology.
    Martin, Richard M
    Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
    May, Anne
    Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
    Melander, Olle
    Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Emergency and Internal Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
    Palli, Domenico
    Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy.
    Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel
    Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs. GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Madrid, Spain.
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Cittàdella Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital, Turin, Italy.
    Stocks, Tanja
    Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
    Travis, Ruth C.
    Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
    Vermeulen, Roel
    Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
    Chanock, Stephen
    Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, MD, Bethesda, United States.
    Purdue, Mark
    Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, MD, Bethesda, United States.
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.
    Muller, David
    Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
    Brennan, Paul
    International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Genomic Epidemiology Branch, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon, France.
    Johansson, Mattias
    International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Genomic Epidemiology Branch, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, Lyon, France.
    The relationship between blood pressure and risk of renal cell carcinoma2022In: International Journal of Epidemiology, ISSN 0300-5771, E-ISSN 1464-3685, Vol. 51, no 4, p. 1317-1327Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The relation between blood pressure and kidney cancer risk is well established but complex and different study designs have reported discrepant findings on the relative importance of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). In this study, we sought to describe the temporal relation between diastolic and SBP with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk in detail. Methods: Our study involved two prospective cohorts: the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study and UK Biobank, including >700 000 participants and 1692 incident RCC cases. Risk analyses were conducted using flexible parametric survival models for DBP and SBP both separately as well as with mutuality adjustment and then adjustment for extended risk factors. We also carried out univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses (DBP: ninstruments = 251, SBP: ninstruments = 213) to complement the analyses of measured DBP and SBP. Results: In the univariable analysis, we observed clear positive associations with RCC risk for both diastolic and SBP when measured ≥5 years before diagnosis and suggestive evidence for a stronger risk association in the year leading up to diagnosis. In mutually adjusted analysis, the long-term risk association of DBP remained, with a hazard ratio (HR) per standard deviation increment 10 years before diagnosis (HR10y) of 1.20 (95% CI: 1.10-1.30), whereas the association of SBP was attenuated (HR10y: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.91-1.10). In the complementary multivariable MR analysis, we observed an odds ratio for a 1-SD increment (ORsd) of 1.34 (95% CI: 1.08-1.67) for genetically predicted DBP and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.56-0.88) for genetically predicted SBP. Conclusion: The results of this observational and MR study are consistent with an important role of DBP in RCC aetiology. The relation between SBP and RCC risk was less clear but does not appear to be independent of DBP.

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  • 12. Allin, Kristine H.
    et al.
    Tremaroli, Valentina
    Caesar, Robert
    Jensen, Benjamin A. H.
    Damgaard, Mads T. F.
    Bahl, Martin I.
    Licht, Tine R.
    Hansen, Tue H.
    Nielsen, Trine
    Dantoft, Thomas M.
    Linneberg, Allan
    Jørgensen, Torben
    Vestergaard, Henrik
    Kristiansen, Karsten
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Hansen, Torben
    Bäckhed, Fredrik
    Pedersen, Oluf
    Aberrant intestinal microbiota in individuals with prediabetes2018In: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 61, no 4, p. 810-820Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims/hypothesis: Individuals with type 2 diabetes have aberrant intestinal microbiota. However, recent studies suggest that metformin alters the composition and functional potential of gut microbiota, thereby interfering with the diabetes-related microbial signatures. We tested whether specific gut microbiota profiles are associated with prediabetes (defined as fasting plasma glucose of 6.1-7.0 mmol/l or HbA1c of 42-48 mmol/mol [6.0-6.5%]) and a range of clinical biomarkers of poor metabolic health.

    Methods: In the present case-control study, we analysed the gut microbiota of 134 Danish adults with prediabetes, overweight, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and low-grade inflammation and 134 age-and sex-matched individuals with normal glucose regulation.

    Results: We found that five bacterial genera and 36 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were differentially abundant between individuals with prediabetes and those with normal glucose regulation. At the genus level, the abundance of Clostridium was decreased (mean log2 fold change -0.64 (SEM 0.23), p adj = 0.0497), whereas the abundances of Dorea, [Ruminococcus], Sutterella and Streptococcus were increased (mean log2 fold change 0.51 (SEM 0.12), p adj = 5 x 10-4; 0.51 (SEM 0.11), p adj = 1 x 10-4; 0.60 (SEM 0.21), p adj = 0.0497; and 0.92 (SEM0.21), p adj = 4 x 10-4, respectively). The two OTUs that differed the most were a member of the order Clostridiales (OTU 146564) and Akkermansia muciniphila, which both displayed lower abundance among individuals with prediabetes (mean log2 fold change -1.74 (SEM0.41), p adj = 2 x 10-3 and -1.65 (SEM0.34), p adj = 4 x 10-4, respectively). Faecal transfer from donors with prediabetes or screen-detected, drug-naive type 2 diabetes to germfree Swiss Webster or conventional C57BL/6 J mice did not induce impaired glucose regulation in recipient mice.

    Conclusions/interpretation: Collectively, our data show that individuals with prediabetes have aberrant intestinal microbiota characterised by a decreased abundance of the genus Clostridium and the mucin-degrading bacterium A. muciniphila. Our findings are comparable to observations in overt chronic diseases characterised by low-grade inflammation.

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  • 13.
    Almevall, Albin Dahlin
    et al.
    Department of Health Science, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden; Department of Healthcare, Region Norrbotten, Luleå, Sweden.
    Wennberg, Patrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine.
    Zingmark, Karin
    Department of Health Science, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
    Öhlin, Jerry
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine.
    Söderberg, Stefan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Olofsson, Birgitta
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Orthopaedics.
    Nordmark, Sofi
    Department of Health Science, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
    Niklasson, Johan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine.
    Associations between everyday physical activity and morale in older adults2022In: Geriatric Nursing, ISSN 0197-4572, E-ISSN 1528-3984, Vol. 48, p. 37-42Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Studies that objectively investigate patterns of everyday physical activity in relation to well-being and that use measures specific to older adults are scarce. This study aimed to explore objectively measured everyday physical activity and sedentary behavior in relation to a morale measure specifically constructed for older adults. A total of 77 persons (42 women, 35 men) aged 80 years or older (84.3 ± 3.8) wore an accelerometer device for at least 5 days. Morale was measured with the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale (PGCMS). PGCMS scores were significantly positively associated with number of steps, time spent stepping, and time spent stepping at >75 steps per minute. Sedentary behavior did not associate with PGCMS. Promoting PA in the form of walking at any intensity–or even spending time in an upright position—and in any quantity may be important for morale, or vice versa, or the influence may be bidirectional.

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  • 14.
    Almqvist, Linnéa
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health.
    Backman, Helena
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health.
    Stridsman, Caroline
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Lindberg, Anne
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Lundback, Bo
    Rönmark, Eva
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health.
    Hedman, Linnea
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health. Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Umeå, Sweden.
    Clinical outcome of adult onset asthma in a 15 year follow-up2020In: European Respiratory Journal, ISSN 0903-1936, E-ISSN 1399-3003, Vol. 56Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 15.
    Almqvist, Linnéa
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health.
    Rönmark, Eva
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health.
    Stridsman, Caroline
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Backman, Helena
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health. Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
    Lindberg, Anne
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Lundbäck, Bo
    Hedman, Linnéa
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health. Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
    Remission of adult-onset asthma is rare: a 15-year follow-up study2020In: ERJ Open Research, E-ISSN 2312-0541, Vol. 6, no 4, article id 00620-2020Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: There are few long-term clinical follow-up studies of adult-onset asthma. The aim of this article was to study clinical characteristics of adult-onset asthma in relation to remission and persistence of the disease in a 15-year follow-up.

    Methods: A cohort of 309 adults aged 20-60 years with asthma onset during the last 12 months verified by bronchial variability, was recruited between 1995 and 1999 from the general population in northern Sweden. The cohort was followed-up in 2003 (n=250) and between 2012 and 2014 (n=205). Structured interviews and spirometry were performed at recruitment and the follow-ups. Bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) and skin-prick tests were performed at recruitment and blood samples were collected at the last follow-up. Remission of asthma was defined as no asthma symptoms and no use of asthma medication during the last 12 months.

    Results: Of eight individuals in remission in 2003, five had relapsed between 2012 and 2014 and in total, 23 (11%) were in remission, while 182 had persistent asthma. Those in remission had higher mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s % predicted at recruitment than those with persistent asthma (94.6 versus 88.3, p=0.034), fewer had severe BHR (27.3% versus 50.9%, p=0.037) and they had less body mass index increase (+1.6 versus +3.0, p=0.054). Of those with persistent asthma, 13% had uncontrolled asthma and they had higher levels of blood neutrophils than those with partly controlled or controlled asthma.

    Conclusion: Higher forced expiratory volume in 1 s % predicted and less-severe BHR was associated with remission of adult-onset asthma, but still, the proportion in remission in this 15-year follow-up was low.

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  • 16.
    Amadou, Amina
    et al.
    International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France; Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
    Freisling, Heinz
    International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France.
    Jenab, Mazda
    International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France.
    Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.
    Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
    Trichopoulou, Antonia
    Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece.
    Boffetta, Paolo
    Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, NY, Stony Brook, United States; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
    van Guelpen, Bethany
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine at Umeå University (WCMM). Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Mokoroa, Olatz
    Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain.
    Wilsgaard, Tom
    Department of Community Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
    Kee, Frank
    Institute for Health Sciences Risk and Inequality, Centre for Public Health, Belfast, United Kingdom.
    Schöttker, Ben
    Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
    Ordóñez-Mena, José M.
    Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford, United Kingdom; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom.
    Männistö, Satu
    Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.
    Söderberg, Stefan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Vermeulen, Roel C. H.
    Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
    Quirós, J. Ramón
    Public Health Directorate, Asturias, Spain.
    Liao, Linda M.
    Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, MD, Bethesda, United States.
    Sinha, Rashmi
    Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, MD, Bethesda, United States.
    Kuulasmaa, Kari
    Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland.
    Brenner, Hermann
    Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
    Romieu, Isabelle
    International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, Lyon, France.
    Prevalent diabetes and risk of total, colorectal, prostate and breast cancers in an ageing population: meta-analysis of individual participant data from cohorts of the CHANCES consortium2021In: British Journal of Cancer, ISSN 0007-0920, E-ISSN 1532-1827, Vol. 124, no 11, p. 1882-1890Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: We investigated whether associations between prevalent diabetes and cancer risk are pertinent to older adults and whether associations differ across subgroups of age, body weight status or levels of physical activity.

    Methods: We harmonised data from seven prospective cohort studies of older individuals in Europe and the United States participating in the CHANCES consortium. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the associations of prevalent diabetes with cancer risk (all cancers combined, and for colorectum, prostate and breast). We calculated summary risk estimates across cohorts using pooled analysis and random-effects meta-analysis.

    Results: A total of 667,916 individuals were included with an overall median (P25–P75) age at recruitment of 62.3 (57–67) years. During a median follow-up time of 10.5 years, 114,404 total cancer cases were ascertained. Diabetes was not associated with the risk of all cancers combined (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86–1.04; I2 = 63.3%). Diabetes was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk in men (HR = 1.17; 95% CI: 1.08–1.26; I2 = 0%) and a similar HR in women (1.13; 95% CI: 0.82–1.56; I2 = 46%), but with a confidence interval including the null. Diabetes was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk (HR = 0.81; 95% CI: 0.77–0.85; I2 = 0%), but not with postmenopausal breast cancer (HR = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.89–1.03; I2 = 0%). In exploratory subgroup analyses, diabetes was inversely associated with prostate cancer risk only in men with overweight or obesity.

    Conclusions: Prevalent diabetes was positively associated with colorectal cancer risk and inversely associated with prostate cancer risk in older Europeans and Americans.

  • 17.
    Amman, Hermon
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Adipokiner vid restriktivt spirometriskt mönster2021Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 18.
    Anan, Intissar
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Bång, Joakim
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Orthopaedics.
    Lundgren, Hans-Erik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Wixner, Jonas
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Westermark, Per
    A case report of osteoarthritis associated with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis ATTRV30M2019In: Amyloid: Journal of Protein Folding Disorders, ISSN 1350-6129, E-ISSN 1744-2818, Vol. 26, p. 29-30Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 19.
    Anan, Intissar
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine at Umeå University (WCMM). Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Suhr, Ole B.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Liszewska, Katarzyna
    Department of Medicine, Piteå Hospital, Piteå, Sweden.
    Baranda, Jorge Mejia
    Department of Medicine, Piteå Hospital, Piteå, Sweden.
    Pilebro, Björn
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Wixner, Jonas
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Ihse, Elisabet
    Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Amyloid fibril composition type is consistent over time in patients with Val30Met (p. Val50Met) transthyretin amyloidosis2022In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 17, no 3, article id e0266092Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: We have previously shown that transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis patients have amyloid fibrils of either of two compositions; type A fibrils consisting of large amounts of C-terminal TTR fragments in addition to full-length TTR, or type B fibrils consisting of only full-length TTR. Since type A fibrils are associated with an older age in ATTRVal30Met (p.Val50Met) amyloidosis patients, it has been discussed if the TTR fragments are derived from degradation of the amyloid deposits as the patients are aging. The present study aimed to investigate if the fibril composition type changes over time, especially if type B fibrils can shift to type A fibrils as the disease progresses.

    Material and methods: Abdominal adipose tissue biopsies from 29 Swedish ATTRVal30Met amyloidosis patients were investigated. The fibril type in the patients initial biopsy taken for diagnostic purposes was compared to a biopsy taken several years later (ranging between 2 and 13 years). The fibril composition type was determined by western blot.

    Results: All 29 patients had the same fibril composition type in both the initial and the follow-up biopsy (8 type A and 21 type B). Even patients with a disease duration of more than 12 years and an age over 75 years at the time of the follow-up biopsy had type B fibrils in both biopsies.

    Discussion: The result clearly shows that the amyloid fibril composition containing large amounts of C-terminal fragments (fibril type A) is a consequence of other factors than a slow degradation process occurring over time.

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  • 20.
    Andernord, Daniel
    et al.
    Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden; Centre for Clinical Research and Education, Region Värmland, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Bruze, Magnus
    Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Bryngelsson, Ing-Liss
    Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Bråred Christensson, Johanna
    Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Glas, Bo
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Hagvall, Lina
    Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Isaksson, Marléne
    Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Matura, Mihály
    Department of Dermatology, Skaraborg Hospital Skövde, Skövde, Sweden.
    Nyman, Gunnar
    Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Stenberg, Berndt
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Svedman, Cecilia
    Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Lindberg, Magnus
    Department of Dermatology, Örebro University Hospital and Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
    Contact allergy to haptens in the Swedish baseline series: Results from the Swedish Patch Test Register (2010 to 2017)2022In: Contact Dermatitis, ISSN 0105-1873, E-ISSN 1600-0536, Vol. 86, no 3, p. 175-188Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Allergic contact dermatitis has considerable public health impact and causative haptens vary over time.

    Objectives: To report the prevalence of contact allergy to allergens in the Swedish baseline series 2010 to 2017, as registered in the Swedish Patch Test Register.

    Methods: Results and demographic information for patients tested with the Swedish baseline series in 2010 to 2017 were analysed.

    Results: Data for 21 663 individuals (females 69%) were included. Females had significantly more positive patch tests (54% vs 40%). The reaction prevalence rates were highest for nickel sulfate (20.7%), fragrance mix I (7.1%), Myroxylon pereirae (6.9%), potassium dichromate (6.9%), cobalt chloride (6.8%), methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI; 6.4%), MI (3.7%), colophonium (3.5%), fragrance mix II (3.2%), and formaldehyde (3.2%). Myroxylon pereirae reaction prevalence increased from 5% in 2010 to 9% in 2017 and that for methyldibromo glutaronitrile from 3.1% to 4.6%. MCI/MI and MI reactions decreased in prevalence after 2014. Nickel reaction prevalence decreased among females aged 10 to 19 years.

    Conclusions: Nickel remains the most common sensitizing agent, with reaction prevalence decreasing among females younger than 20 years. The changes in MCI/MI and MI reaction prevalence mirrored those in Europe. The register can reveal changes in contact allergy prevalence over time among patients patch tested in Sweden.

  • 21. Andersen, Vibeke
    et al.
    Chan, Simon
    Luben, Robert
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Olsen, Anja
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Kaaks, R.
    Grip, Olof
    Bergmann, M. M.
    Boeing, H.
    Hultdin, Johan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical chemistry.
    Karling, Pontus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Overvad, Kim
    Oldenburg, Bas
    Opstelten, Jorrit
    Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine
    Carbonnel, Franck
    Racine, Antoine
    Key, Timothy
    Masala, Giovanna
    Palli, Domenico
    Tumino, R.
    Trichopoulou, A.
    Riboli, Elio
    Hart, Andrew
    Fibre intake and the development of inflammatory bowel disease: A European prospective multi-centre cohort study (EPIC-IBD)2018In: Journal of Crohn's & Colitis, ISSN 1873-9946, E-ISSN 1876-4479, Vol. 12, no 2, p. 129-136Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background and Aims: Population-based prospective cohort studies investigating fibre intake and development of inflammatory bowel disease are lacking. Our aim was to investigate the association between fibre intake and the development of Crohn's disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC] in a large European population.

    Methods: In total, 401 326 participants, aged 20-80 years, were recruited in eight countries in Europe between 1991 and 1998. At baseline, fibre intake [total fibres, fibres from fruit, vegetables and cereals] was recorded using food frequency questionnaires. The cohort was monitored for the development of inflammatory bowel disease. Each case was matched with four controls and odds ratios [ORs] for the exposures were calculated using conditional logistic regression. Sensitivity analyses according to smoking status were computed.

    Results: In total, 104 and 221 participants developed incident CD and UC, respectively. For both CD and UC, there were no statistically significant associations with either quartiles, or trends across quartiles, for total fibre or any of the individual sources. The associations were not affected by adjusting for smoking and energy intake. Stratification according to smoking status showed null findings apart from an inverse association with cereal fibre and CD in non-smokers [Quartile 4 vs 1 OR = 0.12, 95% confidence interval = 0.02-0.75, p = 0.023, OR trend across quartiles = 0.50, 95% confidence interval = 0.29-0.86, p = 0.017].

    Conclusion: The results do not support the hypothesis that dietary fibre is involved in the aetiology of UC, although future work should investigate whether there may be a protective effect of specific types of fibre according to smoking status in CD.

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  • 22.
    Andersson, Anne
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Enblad, Gunilla
    Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Section Experimental and Clinical Oncology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Erlanson, Martin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Johansson, Ann Sofie
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Molin, Daniel
    Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Section Experimental and Clinical Oncology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Tavelin, Björn
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    Näslund, Ulf
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Melin, Beatrice S.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology.
    High risk of cardiovascular side effects after treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma: is there a need for intervention in long-term survivors?2021In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, ISSN 0300-9734, E-ISSN 2000-1967, Vol. 126, article id e6117Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients have a good prognosis after adequate treatment. Previous treatment with mantle field irradiation has been accompanied by an increased long-term risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study identified co-morbidity factors for the development of cardiovascular side effects and initiated an intervention study aimed to decrease morbidity and mortality of CVD in HL survivors.

    Design: Hodgkin lymphoma patients aged ≤45 years diagnosed between 1965 and 1995 were invited to participate. In total, 453 patients completed a questionnaire that addressed co-morbidity factors and clinical symptoms. Of these, 319 accepted to participate in a structured clinical visit. The statistical analyses compared individuals with CVD with those with no CVD.

    Results: Cardiovascular disease was reported by 27.9%. Radiotherapy (odds ratio [OR]: 3.27), hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were shown to be independent risk factors for the development of CVD. The OR for CVD and valve disease in patients who received radiotherapy towards mediastinum was 4.48 and 6.07, respectively. At clinical visits, 42% of the patients were referred for further investigation and 24% of these had a cardiac ultrasound performed due to previously unknown heart murmurs.

    Conclusion: Radiotherapy towards mediastinum was an independent risk factor for CVD as well as hypercholesterolemia and hypertension. A reasonable approach as intervention for this cohort of patients is regular monitoring of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia and referral to adequate investigation when cardiac symptoms appear. Broad knowledge about the side effects from radiotherapy in the medical community and well-structured information regarding late side effects to the patients are all reasonable approaches as late effects can occur even 40 years after cancer treatment.

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  • 23. Andersson, Johanna
    et al.
    Maripuu, Martin
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Psychiatry. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Sjövill, Mathilda
    Lindam, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine.
    Laurell, Katarina
    Depressive symptoms, functional impairment, and health-related quality of life in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a population-based studyManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 24.
    Andersson, Jonas
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Cardiology.
    Fall, Tove
    Delicano, Rachel
    Wennberg, Patrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine.
    Jansson, Jan-Håkan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    GDF-15 is associated with sudden cardiac death due to incident myocardial infarction2020In: Resuscitation, ISSN 0300-9572, E-ISSN 1873-1570, Vol. 152, p. 165-169Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims: Preventing sudden cardiac death (SCD) due to acute myocardial infarction (MI) in previously healthy patients is challenging. Proteomic analysis may lead to an understanding of biological mechanisms and provide predictive biomarkers.

    Methods: In this prospective, nested case-control study from northern Sweden, 87 candidate cardiovascular protein biomarkers were studied in 244 individuals who later died within 24 h from an incident MI and 244 referents without MI and individually matched for age, sex and date of health examination and alive at the date of event in the index person. Association analysis was conducted using conditional logistic regression. Bonferroni correction was applied to avoid false positive findings.

    Results: Ten proteins were associated with future SCD due to acute MI in the non-adjusted analysis. The strongest association were found for growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.79 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.41, 2.25) per standard deviation increase in protein, and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor with an OR of 1.66 (95% CI 1.34, 2.06). In models adjusted for lipid levels, body mass index, education, smoking, hypertension and C-reactive protein, only association with GDF-15 remained (OR 1.47 (95% 1.11, 1.95)).

    Conclusion: Elevated levels of GDF-15 are associated with increased risk of SCD within 24 h of incident MI. Further research may enable the use of GDF-15 together with other clinical and biological markers to guide primary preventive interventions for individuals at high risk for SCD.

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  • 25.
    Andersson, Mattias
    et al.
    Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Surgery, Sunderbyn Hospital, Sunderbyn, Sweden.
    Sandström, Charlotte
    Department of Radiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University, of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Stackelberg, Otto
    Section of Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Karolinska, Institutet at Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgery, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Lundqvist, Robert
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Nordanstig, Joakim
    Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Vascular Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Jonsson, Magnus
    Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Roy, Joy
    Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Andersson, Manne
    Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Department of Surgery, Ryhov Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden.
    Hultgren, Rebecka
    Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Vascular Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Roos, Håkan
    Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Surgery, Ryhov Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden.
    Structured computed tomography analysis can identify the majority of patients at risk of post-endovascular aortic repair rupture2022In: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, ISSN 1078-5884, E-ISSN 1532-2165, Vol. 64, no 2-3, p. 166-174Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: The main objective was to report mechanisms and precursors for post-endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) rupture. The second was to apply a structured protocol to explore whether these factors were identifiable on follow up computed tomography (CT) prior to rupture. The third objective was to study the incidence, treatment, and outcome of post-EVAR rupture.

    Methods: This was a multicentre, retrospective study of patients treated with standard EVAR at five Swedish hospitals from 2008 to 2018. Patients were identified from the Swedvasc registry. Medical records were reviewed up to 2020. Index EVAR and follow up data were recorded. The primary endpoint was post-EVAR rupture. CT at follow up and at post-EVAR rupture were studied, using a structured protocol, to determine rupture mechanisms and identifiable precursors.

    Results: In 1 805 patients treated by EVAR, 45 post-EVAR ruptures occurred in 43 patients. The cumulative incidence was 2.5% over a mean follow up of 5.2 years. The incidence rate was 4.5/1 000 person years. Median time to post-EVAR rupture was 4.1 years. A further six cases of post-EVAR rupture in five patients found outside the main cohort were included in the analysis of rupture mechanisms only. The rupture mechanism was type IA in 20 of 51 cases (39%), IB in 20 of 51 (39%) and IIIA/B in 11 of 51 (22%). One of these had type IA + IB combined. One patient had an aortoduodenal fistula without another mechanism being identified. Precursors had been noted on CT follow up prior to post-EVAR rupture in 16 of 51 (31%). Retrospectively, using the structured protocol, precursors could be identified in 43 of 51 (84%). In 17 of 27 (63%) cases missed on follow up but retrospectively identifiable, the mechanisms were type IB/III. Overall, the 30 day mortality rate after post-EVAR rupture was 47% (n = 24/51) and the post-operative mortality rate was 21% (n = 7/33).

    Conclusions: Most precursors of post-EVAR rupture are underdiagnosed but identifiable before rupture using a structured follow up CT protocol. Precursors of type IB and III failures caused the majority of post-EVAR ruptures.

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  • 26.
    Andersson, P.
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Karling, Pontus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Infectious events in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: The impact of immunomodulators and tumour necrosis factor antagonist therapy2020In: Journal of Crohn's & Colitis, ISSN 1873-9946, E-ISSN 1876-4479, Vol. 14, p. S338-S339Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 27.
    Andersson, Per
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Infektioner hos patienter med inflammatorisk tarmsjukdom - inverkan av immunomodulerare och tumörnekrosfaktor-hämmare2019Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 28.
    Andersson, Per
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Karling, Pontus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Impact of treatment with immunomodulators and tumour necrosis factor antagonists on the incidence of infectious events in patients with inflammatory bowel disease2022In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, ISSN 0300-9734, E-ISSN 2000-1967, Vol. 127, article id e8167Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Corticosteroids, immunomodulators (IM) and tumour necrosis factor antagonists (anti-TNF) are commonly used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) but they also supress the defence against infectious disease. The aim of this study was to analyse the incidence of infectious events in patients with IBD and the association to concomitant medical therapy.

    Methods: We performed a retrospective medical chart review of patients with IBD aged 18–65 years included in the Swedish Registry of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the catchment area of Umeå University Hospital, Sweden. Data were collected from the period 01 January 2006, to 31 January 2019. An infectious event was defined as an outpatient prescription of antimicrobials or a positive diagnostic test for infection.

    Results: During a period of 5,120 observation-years, we observed 1,394 events in 593 patients. The mean number of infectious events per 100 person-years was 27.2 (standard deviation [SD]: 0.46). There were no differences in mean incidence rates between patients treated with no immunosuppression (23.0 events per 100 person-years, SD: 50.4), patients treated with IM monotherapy (27.6 events per 100 person-years, SD: 49.9), patients treated with anti-TNF monotherapy (34.3 events per 100 person-years, SD: 50.1) and patients on combination therapy (22.5 events per 100-person-years, SD: 44.2). In a multivariate logistic regression, female gender (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.49–3.37) and combination therapy (AOR: 3.46; 95% CI: 1.52–7.85) were associated with higher risks of infection (>32 events per 100 person years). Also, patients treated with any immunosuppression treatment for 25–75% (AOR: 2.29; 95% CI: 1.21–4.34) and for >75% (AOR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.19–3.12) of the observation period were at higher risks compared to patients treated with immunosuppression <25% of the observation period.

    Conclusion: We observed no significant difference in risk for infections between patients on monotherapy with IM or anti-TNF and patients with low use of immunosuppression, but there was a significant risk for combination therapy.

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  • 29.
    Andersson, Therese
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Isaksson, Anja
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Khalil, Hesham
    Department of Cardiology, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
    Lapidus, Leif
    Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Carlberg, Bo
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Söderberg, Stefan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Validation of the Swedish National Inpatient Register for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism in 20052022In: Pulmonary Circulation, ISSN 2045-8932, E-ISSN 2045-8940, Vol. 12, no 1, article id e12037Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Swedish National Inpatient Register (NPR) has near-complete coverage of in-hospital admissions and ICD codes in Sweden. Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a serious condition presenting challenges regarding diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Here we aimed to validate the accuracy of acute PE diagnosis in the NPR, investigational findings, antithrombotic treatment, and follow-up of PE patients in Sweden. From a nation-wide cohort of all patients with in-hospital diagnoses of acute PE (ICD-10-SE codes I26.0–I26.9) in 2005 (n = 5793), we selected those from two Swedish regions for thorough manual review of hospital records. We identified 599 patients with PE diagnoses according to the ICD-10 coding system. We excluded 58 patients with admissions related to previous PE (47; 8%) or incorrect ICD codes (11; 2%), leaving 501 patients with probable PE diagnoses. We confirmed the diagnosis in 441 (79%) cases, which was based on imaging (435 patients; 73%) or autopsy (6; 1%). In the remaining 60 (11%) cases, the PE diagnosis was based on clinical findings and can therefore not be confirmed. Of the surviving patients with PE, 231 (47%) were offered follow-up within 6 months after the acute event. At follow-up, 67 patients (29%) had symptoms requiring clinical attention (dyspnoea or reduced general condition). The Swedish NPR showed acceptable accuracy for PE diagnosis, and could be reliably used for register-based research regarding acute PE.

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  • 30.
    Andersson, Therese
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Nilsson, Lars
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Larsen, Flemming
    Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Section of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Carlberg, Bo
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Söderberg, Stefan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Long-term sequelae following acute pulmonary embolism: a nationwide follow-up study regarding the incidence of CTEPH, dyspnea, echocardiographic and V/Q scan abnormalities2023In: Pulmonary Circulation, ISSN 2045-8932, E-ISSN 2045-8940, Vol. 13, no 4, article id e12306Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We aimed to follow a nationwide cohort of patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) without any exclusions to generate information regarding long-term symptoms, investigational findings and to determine the prevalence of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). We hypothesized that this approach would yield generalizable estimates of CTEPH prevalence and incidence. All individuals diagnosed with acute PE in Sweden in 2005 were identified using the National Patient Register. In 2007, survivors were asked to complete a questionnaire regarding current symptoms. Those with dyspnea were referred for further examinations with laboratory tests, electrocardiogram (ECG), and a ventilation/perfusion scan (V/Q scan). If CTEPH was suspected, a referral to the nearest pulmonary arterial hypertension-center was recommended. Of 5793 unique individuals with PE diagnosis in 2005, 3510 were alive at the beginning of 2007. Altogether 53% reported dyspnea at some degree whereof a large proportion had V/Q scans indicating mismatched defects. Further investigation revealed 6 cases of CTEPH and in parallel 18 cases were diagnosed outside this study. The overall prevalence of CTEPH was 0.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.2%–0.6%) and 0.7% (95% CI: 0.4%–1.0%) among the survivors. The cumulative incidence of CTEPH in the group of patients who underwent a V/Q scan was 1.1% (95% CI: 0.2%–2.0%). There was a high mortality following an acute PE, a high proportion of persistent dyspnea among survivors, whereof several had pathological findings on V/Q scans and echocardiography. Only a minority developed CTEPH, indicating that CTEPH is the tip of the iceberg of post-PE disturbances.

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  • 31.
    Andresen, Kristoffer
    et al.
    Center for Perioperative Optimization, Department of Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev Hospital, Denmark.
    Kroon, Lovisa
    Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Holmberg, Henrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Öberg, Stina
    Center for Perioperative Optimization, Department of Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev Hospital, Denmark.
    Rosenberg, Jacob
    Center for Perioperative Optimization, Department of Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev Hospital, Denmark.
    Nordin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery.
    de la Croix, Hanna
    Department of Surgery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden; Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital, Department of Surgery, Sweden.
    Collaboration between the Danish and Swedish hernia registers – a study protocol2022In: Danish Medical Journal, E-ISSN 2245-1919, Vol. 69, no 12, article id A06220408Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    NTRODUCTION: The most common laparo-endoscopic groin hernia repair techniques are TEP (total extraperitoneal) and TAPP (transabdominal preperitoneal) repair. Despite geographic proximity, Swedish surgeons distinctively favour TEP, whereas Danish surgeons prefer TAPP. The aim of this study is to analyse the risk of reoperation for recurrence after TAPP, TEP and Lichtenstein repair using data from two nationwide registers. We also aim to discuss advantages of international collaboration between nationwide registers.

    METHODS: All groin hernia operations registered as TEP, TAPP or Lichtenstein repair in the Swedish Hernia Register and the Danish Hernia Database between January 2004 and December 2020 will be included. Cumulative hazard rate of reoperation for recurrence will be estimated using Cox-regression analyses adjusted for age and anatomy.

    CONCLUSION: Approximately 400,000 operations are estimated to have been registered prospectively in the inclusion period in the registers. The merging of two nationwide registers was made possible owing to close cooperation between the register steering committees and by obtaining the necessary approvals. This unique collaboration between nationwide registers will make it possible to compare the risk of reoperation for recurrence after TAPP, TEP and Lichtenstein repair on an international level. In future, similar collaboration may be established to explore other outcomes such as complication rates and chronic pain.

  • 32. Antoniewicz, Lukasz
    et al.
    Brynedal, Amelie
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Hedman, Linnea
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Division of Nursing, Department of Health Science, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden..
    Lundbäck, Magnus
    Bosson, Jenny A.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Acute Effects of Electronic Cigarette Inhalation on the Vasculature and the Conducting Airways2019In: Cardiovascular Toxicology, ISSN 1530-7905, E-ISSN 1559-0259, Vol. 19, no 5, p. 441-450Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The use of electronic cigarettes has increased exponentially since its introduction onto the global market in 2006. However, short- and long-term health effects remain largely unknown due to the novelty of this product. The present study examines the acute effects of e-cigarette aerosol inhalation, with and without nicotine, on vascular and pulmonary function in healthy volunteers. Seventeen healthy subjects inhaled electronic cigarette aerosol with and without nicotine on two separate occasions in a double-blinded crossover fashion. Blood pressure, heart rate, and arterial stiffness measured by pulse wave velocity and pulse wave analysis were assessed at baseline, and then at 0 h, 2 h, and 4 h following exposure. Dynamic spirometry and impulse oscillometry were measured following vascular assessments at these time points, as well as at 6 h following exposure. e-Cigarette aerosol with nicotine caused a significant increase in heart rate and arterial stiffness. Furthermore, e-cigarette aerosol-containing nicotine caused a sudden increase in flow resistance as measured by impulse oscillometry, indicating obstruction of the conducting airways. Both aerosols caused an increase in blood pressure. The present study indicates that inhaled e-cigarette aerosol with nicotine has an acute impact on vascular and pulmonary function. Thus, chronic usage may lead to long-term adverse health effects. Further investigation is warranted.

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  • 33.
    Antoniewicz, Lukasz
    et al.
    Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
    Kabele, Mikael
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Nilsson, Ulf
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Pourazar, Jamshid
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Rankin, Gregory
    Bosson, Jenny A.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Lundbäck, Magnus
    Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Chronic snus use in healthy males alters endothelial function and increases arterial stiffness2022In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 17, no 6, article id e0268746Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Snus usage is commonly touted as a safer alternative to cigarette smoking. However, recent studies have demonstrated possible adverse cardiovascular effects in chronic snus users. The present study evaluates the effects of chronic snus use on vascular function by assessing central arterial stiffness and endothelial vasodilatory function in healthy chronic snus users as compared to matched non-users.

    Methods and results: Fifty healthy males (24 snus users, 26 age-matched controls) with a mean age of 44 years were included in the study. Arterial stiffness was assessed employing both pulse wave velocity and pulse wave analysis. Endothelial vasodilatory function was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography, utilizing intra-arterial administration of acetylcholine, glyceryl trinitrate and bradykinin to further gauge endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilatory function. Arterial stiffness was significantly higher in chronic snus users as compared to controls: pulse wave velocity [m/s]: 6.6±0.8 vs 7.1±0.9 resp. (p = 0.026), augmentation index corrected for heart rate [%]: 0.1±13.2 vs 7.3±7.8 resp. (p = 0.023). Endothelial independent vasodilation, i.e. the reaction to glyceryl trinitrate, was significantly lower in snus users as measured by venous occlusion plethysmography.

    Conclusions: The results of this study show an increased arterial stiffness and an underlying endothelial dysfunction in daily snus users as compared to matched non-tobacco controls. These findings indicate that long-term use of snus may alter the function of the endothelium and therefore reinforces the assertion that chronic snus use is correlated to an increased risk of development of cardiovascular disease.

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  • 34.
    Antoniewicz, Lukasz
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine. Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Internal Medicine, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Novo, Mirza
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Bosson, Jenny A.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Pulmonary Medicine.
    Lundbäck, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Pulmonary Medicine.
    Brief exposure to Swedish snus causes divergent vascular responses in healthy male and female volunteers2018In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 13, no 4, article id e0195493Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: The use of Swedish oral moist snuff, known as snus, has for a long time been limited to the Scandinavian countries. With declining cigarette sales in the western world, tobacco companies have looked to the development of alternative tobacco products. In 2006 snus products were launched in the US. Even though several studies have demonstrated negative health effects, snus is often depicted as harmless.

    The aim of the present study was to investigate acute vascular effects of snus as measured by arterial stiffness as well as blood pressure and heart rate.

    Methods: Two separate randomized double-blind crossover studies with the same study design were pooled for analysis. Twenty-nine healthy snus-users (17 females, 12 males) were included. Snus (Göteborgs Rapé) and tobacco free snus (Onico) were administered in a randomized order at two separate visits. Arterial stiffness, blood pressure and heart rate were measured at baseline as well as every five minutes for 40 minutes during exposure. Following snus removal, measurements continued for 30 minutes post exposure. Arterial stiffness was measured using pulse wave velocity (Vicorder) and pulse wave analysis (Sphygmocor).

    Results: Compared to placebo, snus significantly increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as heart rate, however, only in females (p = 0.004, p = 0.006 and p<0.001 respectively). No changes were seen in arterial stiffness measurements in either gender.

    Conclusion: We observed an increase in blood pressure and heart rate only in females, but not in males due to snus usage as compared to placebo. This novel finding was surprising and needs to be further investigated considering most of the earlier studies have mainly focused on male snus users and the increasing usage of snus among females.

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  • 35. Araghi, Marzieh
    et al.
    Galanti, Maria Rosaria
    Lundberg, Michael
    Liu, Zhiwei
    Ye, Weimin
    Lager, Anton
    Engström, Gunnar
    Alfredsson, Lars
    Knutsson, Anders
    Norberg, Margareta
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Wennberg, Patrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine.
    Lagerros, Ylva Trolle
    Bellocco, Rino
    Pedersen, Nancy L.
    Östergren, Per-Olof
    Magnusson, Cecilia
    No association between moist oral snuff (snus) use and oral cancer: pooled analysis of nine prospective observational studies2021In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1403-4948, E-ISSN 1651-1905, Vol. 49, no 8, p. 833-840Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims: Worldwide, smokeless-tobacco use is a major risk factor for oral cancer. Evidence regarding the particular association between Swedish snus use and oral cancer is, however, less clear. We used pooled individual data from the Swedish Collaboration on Health Effects of Snus Use to assess the association between snus use and oral cancer.

    Methods: A total of 418,369 male participants from nine cohort studies were followed up for oral cancer incidence through linkage to health registers. We used shared frailty models with random effects at the study level, to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for confounding factors.

    Results: During 9,201,647 person-years of observation, 628 men developed oral cancer. Compared to never-snus use, ever-snus use was not associated with oral cancer (adjusted HR 0.90, 95% CI: 0.74, 1.09). There were no clear trends in risk with duration or intensity of snus use, although lower intensity use (<= 4 cans/week) was associated with a reduced risk (HR 0.65, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.94). Snus use was not associated with oral cancer among never smokers (HR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.57, 1.32).

    Conclusions: Swedish snus use does not appear to be implicated in the development of oral cancer in men.

  • 36. Arana, Alejandro
    et al.
    Pottegård, Anton
    Kuiper, Josephina G.
    Booth, Helen
    Reutfors, Johan
    Calingaert, Brian
    Lund, Lars Christian
    Crellin, Elizabeth
    Schmitt-Egenolf, Marcus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Kaye, James A.
    Gembert, Karin
    Rothman, Kenneth J.
    Kieler, Helle
    Dedman, Daniel
    Houben, Eline
    Gutiérrez, Lia
    Hallas, Jesper
    Perez-Gutthann, Susana
    Long-Term Risk of Skin Cancer and Lymphoma in Users of Topical Tacrolimus and Pimecrolimus: Final Results from the Extension of the Cohort Study Protopic Joint European Longitudinal Lymphoma and Skin Cancer Evaluation (JOELLE)2021In: Clinical Epidemiology, ISSN 1179-1349, E-ISSN 1179-1349, Vol. 13, p. 1141-1153Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: Evidence is insufficient to infer whether topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCIs; tacrolimus and pimecrolimus) cause malignancy. The study objective was to estimate the long-term risk of skin cancer and lymphoma associated with topical TCI use in adults and children, separately.

    Patients and Methods: A cohort study in Denmark, Sweden, UK, and the Netherlands was conducted. Adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC), melanoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) excluding CTCL, and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) in new users of TCIs versus users of moderate/high-potency topical corticosteroids.

    Results: The study included 126,908/61,841 adults and 32,605/27,961 children initiating treatment with tacrolimus/pimecrolimus, respectively. Follow-up was ≥10 years for 19% of adults and 32% of children. Incidence rate ratios and (95% confidence intervals) for tacrolimus versus corticosteroid users in adults were <1 for melanoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma; and 1.80 (1.25-2.58) for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. For pimecrolimus, IRRs in adults were <1 for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and Hodgkin's lymphoma; and 1.21 (1.03-1.41) for melanoma; and 1.28 (1.20-1.35) for nonmelanoma skin cancer. In children, results were inconclusive due to few events. In adults, incidence rate ratios ≥5 years after first topical calcineurin inhibitor exposure were not higher than in overall analyses.

    Conclusion: Overall, we found little evidence associating use of topical calcineurin inhibitors with skin cancer and lymphoma; confounding by indication, surveillance bias, and reverse causation may have influenced these results. Even if causal, the public health impact of these excess risks would be low and confined to the first years of exposure.

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  • 37.
    Arnardóttir, Steinunn
    et al.
    Department of Medical Sciences, Endocrinology and Mineral Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Järås, Jacob
    Regional Cancer Center (RCC) Stockholm Gotland, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Burman, Pia
    Department of Endocrinology, Skånes University Hospital, University of Lund, Malmö, Sweden.
    Berinder, Katarina
    Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Dahlqvist, Per
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Erfurth, Eva Marie
    Department of Endocrinology, Skånes University Hospital, University of Lund, Malmö, Sweden.
    Höybye, Charlotte
    Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Larsson, Karin
    Department of Medical Sciences, Endocrinology and Mineral Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Ragnarsson, Oskar
    Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Ekman, Bertil
    Department of Endocrinology in Linköping, Department of Internal Medicine in Norrköping, Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Edén Engström, Britt
    Department of Medical Sciences, Endocrinology and Mineral Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Long-term outcomes of patients with acromegaly: a report from the Swedish Pituitary Register2022In: European Journal of Endocrinology, ISSN 0804-4643, E-ISSN 1479-683X, Vol. 186, no 3, p. 329-339Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To describe the treatment and long-term outcomes of patients with acromegaly from all healthcare regions in Sweden.

    Design and methods: Analysis of prospectively reported data from the Swedish Pituitary Register of 698 patients (51% females) with acromegaly diagnosed from 1991 to 2011. The latest clinical follow-up date was December 2012, while mortality data were collected for 28.5 years until June 2019.

    Results: The annual incidence was 3.7/million; 71% of patients had a macroadenoma, 18% had visual field defects, and 25% had at least one pituitary hormone deficiency. Eighty-two percent had pituitary surgery, 10% radiotherapy, and 39% medical treatment. At the 5- and 10-year follow-ups, insulin-like growth factor 1 levels were within the reference range in 69 and 78% of patients, respectively. In linear regression, the proportion of patients with biochemical control including adjuvant therapy at 10 years follow-up increased over time by 1.23% per year. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) (95% CI) for all patients was 1.29 (1.11-1.49). For patients with biochemical control at the latest follow-up, SMR was not increased, neither among patients diagnosed between 1991 and 2000, SMR: 1.06 (0.85-1.33) nor between 2001 and2011, SMR: 0.87 (0.61-1.24). In contrast, non-controlled patients at the latest follow-up from both decades had elevated SMR, 1.90 (1.33-2.72) and 1.98 (1.24-3.14), respectively.

    Conclusions: The proportion of patients with biochemical control increased over time. Patients with biochemically controlled acromegaly have normal life expectancy, while non-controlled patients still have increased mortality. The high rate of macroadenomas and unchanged age at diagnosis illustrates the need for improvements in the management of patients with acromegaly.

  • 38. Arranz Alonso, Silvia
    et al.
    Christensen, Helle Marie
    Diaz-Perez, David
    Narsavage, Georgia
    Padilha, Jose Miguel
    Quijano-Campos, Juan Carlos
    Sajnic, Andreja
    Stridsman, Caroline
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Taeubl, Helmut
    Zakrisson, Ann-Britt
    Clari, Marco
    Do we need tailored training and development plans for European Union respiratory nurses?2020In: Breathe, ISSN 1810-6838, E-ISSN 2073-4735, Vol. 16, no 2, article id 200010Article in journal (Other academic)
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  • 39.
    Arvidsson, Sandra
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Clinical Physiology.
    Henein, Michael Y
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Cardiology.
    Wikström, Gerhard
    Suhr, Ole B.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Lindqvist, Per
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Clinical Physiology.
    Right ventricular involvement in transthyretin amyloidosis2018In: Amyloid: Journal of Protein Folding Disorders, ISSN 1350-6129, E-ISSN 1744-2818, Vol. 25, no 3, p. 160-166Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: The extent of right ventricular (RV) involvement in transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) is unknown.

    Objectives: This study sought to establish the degree of RV involvement in ATTR amyloidosis, and compare findings with RV involvement in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

    Methods: Forty-two patients with ATTR amyloidosis and echocardiographic evidence of cardiac amyloidosis (cardiac ATTR), 19 ATTR patients with normal left ventricular (LV) wall thickness (non-cardiac ATTR), 25 patients with diagnosed HCM and 30 healthy controls were included in this study. Echocardiographic measurements for conventional parameters, as well as RV global and segmental strain, were recorded.

    Results: When comparing RV structure and function between cardiac ATTR amyloidosis and HCM patients, only segmental strain differed between the two groups. In cardiac ATTR amyloidosis, we found an RV apex-to-base strain gradient with highest deformation in the apex. This pattern was reversed in patients with HCM.

    Conclusions: RV involvement is common in cardiac ATTR patients. The present study also detected an RV apical sparing pattern in patients with ATTR cardiomyopathy, similar to what has previously been described for the left ventricle in these patients. This pattern was not seen in HCM patients. Further studies are needed to assess the clinical importance of these findings.

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  • 40. Ashar, Foram N.
    et al.
    Mitchell, Rebecca N.
    Albert, Christine M.
    Newton-Cheh, Christopher
    Brody, Jennifer A.
    Mueller-Nurasyid, Martina
    Moes, Anna
    Meitinger, Thomas
    Mak, Angel
    Huikuri, Heikki
    Junttila, M. Juhani
    Goyette, Philippe
    Pulit, Sara L.
    Pazoki, Raha
    Tanck, MichaelW.
    Blom, Marieke T.
    Zhao, XiaoQing
    Havulinna, Aki S.
    Jabbari, Reza
    Glinge, Charlotte
    Tragante, Vinicius
    Escher, Stefan A.
    Chakravarti, Aravinda
    Ehret, Georg
    Coresh, Josef
    Li, Man
    Prineas, Ronald J.
    Franco, Oscar H.
    Kwok, Pui-Yan
    Lumley, Thomas
    Dumas, Florence
    McKnight, Barbara
    Rotter, Jerome I.
    Lemaitre, Rozenn N.
    Heckbert, Susan R.
    O'Donnell, Christopher J.
    Hwang, Shih-Jen
    Tardif, Jean-Claude
    VanDenburgh, Martin
    Uitterlinden, Andre G.
    Hofman, Albert
    Stricker, Bruno H. C.
    de Bakker, Paul I. W.
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Jansson, Jan-Håkan
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine.
    Asselbergs, Folkert W.
    Halushka, Marc K.
    Maleszewski, Joseph J.
    Tfelt-Hansen, Jacob
    Engstrom, Thomas
    Salomaa, Veikko
    Virmani, Renu
    Kolodgie, Frank
    Wilde, Arthur A. M.
    Tan, Hanno L.
    Bezzina, Connie R.
    Eijgelsheim, Mark
    Rioux, John D.
    Jouven, Xavier
    Kääb, Stefan
    Psaty, Bruce M.
    Siscovick, David S.
    Arking, Dan E.
    Sotoodehnia, Nona
    A comprehensive evaluation of the genetic architecture of sudden cardiac arrest2018In: European Heart Journal, ISSN 0195-668X, E-ISSN 1522-9645, Vol. 39, no 44, p. 3961-+Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims: Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) accounts for 10% of adult mortality in Western populations. We aim to identify potential loci associated with SCA and to identify risk factors causally associated with SCA.

    Methods and results: We carried out a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) for SCA (n = 3939 cases, 25 989 non-cases) to examine common variation genome-wide and in candidate arrhythmia genes. We also exploited Mendelian randomization (MR) methods using cross-trait multi-variant genetic risk score associations (GRSA) to assess causal relationships of 18 risk factors with SCA. No variants were associated with SCA at genome-wide significance, nor were common variants in candidate arrhythmia genes associated with SCA at nominal significance. Using cross-trait GRSA, we established genetic correlation between SCA and (i) coronary artery disease (CAD) and traditional CAD risk factors (blood pressure, lipids, and diabetes), (ii) height and BMI, and (iii) electrical instability traits (QT and atrial fibrillation), suggesting aetiologic roles for these traits in SCA risk.

    Conclusions: Our findings show that a comprehensive approach to the genetic architecture of SCA can shed light on the determinants of a complex life-threatening condition with multiple influencing factors in the general population. The results of this genetic analysis, both positive and negative findings, have implications for evaluating the genetic architecture of patients with a family history of SCA, and for efforts to prevent SCA in high-risk populations and the general community.

  • 41.
    Asplund, Kjell
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Use of in vitro fertilization-ethical issues2020In: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences, ISSN 0300-9734, E-ISSN 2000-1967, Vol. 125, no 2, p. 192-199Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This report is an ethical analysis based on both facts and values. In in vitro fertilization (IVF), there is an intricate interaction between rapid scientific development and changing societal values. In most countries, the ethical discussion is no longer on whether or not IVF in itself is ethically justifiable. Therefore, in this review, I discuss other ethical aspects that have emerged since IVF was first introduced, such as upper age limits, 'ownership' of gametes and embryos, IVF in single women and same-sex couples, preimplantatory genetic testing, social egg freezing, commercialization, public funding, and prioritization of IVF. Despite secularization, since religion still plays an important role in regulation and practices of IVF in many countries, positions on IVF among the world religions are summarized. Decision-making concerning IVF cannot be based only on clinical and economic considerations; these cannot be disentangled from ethical principles. Many concerns regarding the costs, effects, and safety of IVF subtly transcend into more complex questions about what it means to society to bear and give birth to children.

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  • 42.
    Asplund, Kjell
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Bertholds, Eric
    Skaraborgs sjukhus, Sverige.
    Etiska dilemman i strokevården: [Frequent ethical issues encountered in stroke care]2023In: Läkartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, E-ISSN 1652-7518, Vol. 120, article id 23040Article, review/survey (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We review some of the most frequent ethical issues encountered in stroke care. Priorities in stroke care should be based on the principles of the Swedish prioritization platform: human dignity, needs/solidarity, and cost-effectiveness. The prognosis is often uncertain very early after stroke. We therefore advocate time for careful assessment before taking decisions on treatment restrictions such as do-not-resuscitate orders. Swedish law permits acute treatment for patients unable to consent because of severe stroke. For selected patients already living in home-based medical care or institutional care when afflicted by stroke, it may be appropriate not to transfer them to an acute care hospital, provided that sufficient skills in acute evaluation and stroke care are available. Likewise, if a stroke patient is discharged from hospital with a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, adequate competence is needed in home-based or institutional care. It is not ethically appropriate to continue advanced medical treatment that is without benefit for the patient during the last days of life.

  • 43.
    Asplund, Kjell
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Hulter Åsberg, Kerstin
    Department of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Reporting ethical approval in health and social science articles: an audit of adherence to GDPR and national legislation2021In: BMC Medical Ethics, ISSN 1472-6939, E-ISSN 1472-6939, Vol. 22, no 1, p. 92-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Previous studies have indicated that failure to report ethical approval is common in health science articles. In social sciences, the occurrence is unknown. The Swedish Ethics Review Act requests that sensitive personal data, in accordance with the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), should undergo independent ethical review, irrespective of academic discipline. We have explored the adherence to this regulation.

    METHODS: Using the Web of Science databases, we reviewed 600 consecutive articles from three domains (health sciences with and without somatic focus and social sciences) based on identifiable personal data published in 2020.

    RESULTS: Information on ethical review was lacking in 12 of 200 health science articles with somatic focus (6%), 21 of 200 health science articles with non-somatic focus (11%), and in 54 of 200 social science articles (27%; p < 0.001 vs. both groups of health science articles). Failure to report on ethical approval was more common in (a) observational than in interventional studies (p < 0.01), (b) articles with only 1-2 authors (p < 0.001) and (c) health science articles from universities without a medical school (p < 0.001). There was no significant association between journal impact factor and failure to report ethical approval.

    CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that reporting of research ethics approval is reasonably good, but not strict, in health science articles. Failure to report ethical approval is about three times more frequent in social sciences compared to health sciences. Improved adherence seems needed particularly in observational studies, in articles with few authors and in social science research.

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  • 44.
    Asplund, Kjell
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Lundström, Staffan
    Stegmayr, Birgitta
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    End of life after stroke: a nationwide study of 42,502 deaths occurring within a year after stroke2018In: European Stroke Journal, ISSN 2396-9873, E-ISSN 2396-9881, Vol. 3, no 1, p. 74-81Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: In the scientific literature, there is very limited empirical information on end-of-life issues after stroke in the scientific literature. The present nationwide study describes the circumstances surrounding deaths that occur within a year after a stroke. Patients and methods: Datasets from three nationwide Swedish registers (on stroke, palliative care and cause of death) were linked. Basic information was available for 42,502 unselected cases of death that occurred within a year after a stroke and more detailed information was available for 16,408 deaths. Odds ratios for characteristics of end-of-life care were calculated by logistic regression. Results: In the late phase after stroke (three months to one year), 46% of patients died in a nursing home, whereas 37% of patients died in a hospital after readmission and 10% of patients died at home. Eleven per cent of deaths were reported as being unexpected. A next of kin was present at 49% of deaths. The frequency of unattended deaths (neither next of kin nor staff were present at the time of death) ranged from 5% at home with specialised home care to 25% in hospitals. Discussion: This is, by far, the largest study published on end-of-life issues after stroke. Major differences between countries in healthcare, community services, family structure and culture may limit direct transfer of the present results to other settings. Conclusion: There is considerable discordance between presumed good death' late after stroke (dying at home surrounded by family members) and the actual circumstances at the end of life.

  • 45. Atterman, A.
    et al.
    Asplund, Kjell
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Friberg, L.
    Engdahl, J.
    Use of oral anticoagulants after ischaemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation and cancer2020In: Journal of Internal Medicine, ISSN 0954-6820, E-ISSN 1365-2796, Vol. 288, no 4, p. 457-468Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background and objectives: The use of oral anticoagulants (OACs) amongst patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) has increased in the last decade. We aimed to describe temporal trends in the utilization of OACs for secondary prevention after ischaemic stroke amongst patients with AF and active cancer.

    Methods: This is a cross-sectional and cohort study of patients with active cancer (n = 1518) and without cancer (n = 50 953) in the Swedish national register Riksstroke, including all patients with ischaemic stroke between 1 July 2005 and 30 December 2017, discharged with AF. Prescription and dispensation before and after the introduction of nonvitamin K OACs (NOACs) in late 2011 were compared. We used logistic and Cox regression to analyse associations with OAC use, adjusting for hospital clustering and the competing risk of death.

    Results: The proportion of cancer patients with AF prescribed OACs at discharge after ischaemic stroke increased by 40.2% after 2011, compared with 69.3% in noncancer patients during the same period. Stroke and bleeding risk scores remained similar between patients with and without cancer. OAC dispensation during the following year did not increase as much in cancer patients (43.8% to 64.5%) as that in noncancer patients (46.0% to 74.9%), and the median time to OAC dispensation or censoring was significantly longer in cancer patients (94 vs. 30 days).

    Conclusion: OAC treatment in poststroke patients with AF and active cancer has increased after the introduction of NOACs. However, the growing treatment gap in these patients compared to that in noncancer patients raises the possibility of underutilization.

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  • 46. Atterman, Adriano
    et al.
    Friberg, Leif
    Asplund, Kjell
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Engdahl, Johan
    Net benefit of oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation and active cancer: a nationwide cohort study2020In: Europace, ISSN 1099-5129, E-ISSN 1532-2092, Vol. 22, no 1, p. 58-65Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims: To estimate the net cerebrovascular benefit of prophylactic treatment with oral anticoagulants (OACs) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and active cancer.

    Methods and results: We included all Swedish patients who had been diagnosed with AF in a hospital or in a hospital-associated outpatient unit between 1 July 2005 and 1 October 2017. Patients with active cancer (n = 22 596) and without cancer (n = 440 848) were propensity score matched for the likelihood of receiving OACs at baseline. At baseline, 38.3% of cancer patients with AF and high stroke risk according to CHA2DS2-VASc score received OACs. There was a net benefit of OACs, assessed by the composite outcome of ischaemic stroke, extracranial arterial thromboembolism, all major bleedings, and death, both among patients with active cancer [hazard ratio (HR): 0.81, confidence interval (CI): 0.78-0.85] and among patients without cancer (HR: 0.81, CI: 0.80-0.82). When limiting follow-up to 1 year to minimize the effects of possible treatment cross-over and additionally accounting for death as a competing risk in cancer patients, a net cerebrovascular benefit regarding ischaemic stroke or intracranial bleeding was observed for OACs [subhazard ratio (sHR): 0.67, CI: 0.55-0.83]. A net cerebrovascular benefit was also seen for non-vitamin K antagonist OACs over warfarin after competing risk analyses in cancer patients (sHR: 0.65, CI: 0.48-0.88).

    Conclusion: Patients with AF and active cancer benefit from OAC treatment.

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  • 47.
    Awad, Anna
    et al.
    Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sunderby Research Unit, Umeå University, Sweden..
    Lundqvist, Robert
    Research and Innovation Unit, Norrbotten County Council, Luleå, Sweden..
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Family Medicine.
    Sundström, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Centre for Demographic and Ageing Research (CEDAR).
    Eliasson, Mats
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine. Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sunderby Research Unit, Umeå University, Sweden..
    Lower cognitive performance among long-term type 1 diabetes survivors: A case-control study2017In: Journal of diabetes and its complications, ISSN 1056-8727, E-ISSN 1873-460X, Vol. 31, no 8, p. 1328-1331Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction. The cognitive decrement is believed to depend on macro- and microvascular complications and long disease duration. Some patients do not develop these complications, but still report cognitive symptoms. We examined if long-standing T1D without complications is associated with lower cognitive performance.

    METHODS: A group of patients (n=43) with long-standing T1D (>30years) without micro- or macro vascular complications was compared with a non-diabetic control group (n=86) on six cognitive tests which probed episodic memory, semantic memory, episodic short-term memory, visual attention and psychomotor speed. Each patient was matched with two controls regarding age, gender and education. A linear mixed effect model was used to analyze the data.

    RESULTS: The mean age was 57years and mean duration was 41years. Patients with diabetes had lower diastolic blood pressure but BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and smoking did not differ between groups. Patients had lower results than non-diabetic controls in episodic short-term memory (p<0.001) and also lower values on a test that mirrors visual attention and psychomotor speed (p=0.019).

    CONCLUSIONS: Long-standing T1D was associated with lower cognitive performance, regardless of other diabetes-related complications.

  • 48.
    Axelsson, Malin
    et al.
    Department of Care Science, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö; Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Backman, Helena
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health. Dept of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
    Vanfleteren, Lowie
    Centre for COPD Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Stridsman, Caroline
    Dept of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
    Ekerljung, Linda
    Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Eriksson, Berne
    Research and Development, Region of Halland, Halmstad, Sweden.
    Nwaru, Bright
    Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg; Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Rönmark, Eva
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health.
    Kankaanranta, Hannu
    Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland.
    Lindberg, Anne
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Lundbäck, Bo
    Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Underdiagnosis and misclassification of COPD in Sweden2020In: European Respiratory Journal, ISSN 0903-1936, E-ISSN 1399-3003, Vol. 56Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 49.
    Axelsson, Malin
    et al.
    Faculty of Health and Society, Department of Care Science, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Ilmarinen, Pinja
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland.
    Backman, Helena
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health. Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
    Ekerljung, Linda
    Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Hedman, Linnea
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health. Department of Health Sciences, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, Sweden.
    Langhammer, Arnulf
    HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway; Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway.
    Lindberg, Anne
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Lindqvist, Ari
    Clinical Research Unit of Pulmonary Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki University and Clinical Research Institute HUCH Ltd, Helsinki, Finland.
    Nwaru, Bright, I
    Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Pallasaho, Paula
    Espoo City Primary Health Care Services, Finland.
    Sovijärvi, Anssi
    Unit of Clinical Physiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
    Vähätalo, Lida
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland.
    Kankaanranta, Hannu
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland; Krefting Research Centre, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
    Hisinger-Mölkänen, Hanna
    University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
    Piirilä, Päivi
    Unit of Clinical Physiology, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
    Rönmark, Eva
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health.
    Differences in diagnostic patterns of obstructive airway disease between areas and sex in Sweden and Finland: the Nordic EpiLung study2021In: Journal of Asthma, ISSN 0277-0903, E-ISSN 1532-4303, Vol. 58, no 9, p. 1196-1207Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To investigate the current prevalence of physician-diagnosed obstructive airway diseases by respiratory symptoms and by sex in Sweden and Finland.

    Method: In 2016, a postal questionnaire was answered by 34,072 randomly selected adults in four study areas: Västra Götaland and Norrbotten in Sweden, and Seinäjoki-Vaasa and Helsinki in Finland.

    Results: The prevalence of asthma symptoms was higher in Norrbotten (13.2%), Seinäjoki-Vaasa (14.8%) and Helsinki (14.4%) than in Västra Götaland (10.7%), and physician-diagnosed asthma was highest in Norrbotten (13.0%) and least in Västra Götaland (10.1%). Chronic productive cough was most common in the Finnish areas (7.7–8.2% versus 6.3–6.7%) while the prevalence of physician-diagnosed chronic bronchitis (CB) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) varied between 1.7 and 2.7% in the four areas. Among individuals with respiratory symptoms, the prevalence of asthma was most common in Norrbotten, while a diagnosis of COPD or CB was most common in Västra Götaland and Seinäjoki-Vaasa. More women than men with respiratory symptoms reported a diagnosis of asthma in Sweden and Seinäjoki-Vaasa but there were no sex differences in Helsinki. In Sweden, more women than men with symptoms of cough or phlegm reported a diagnosis of CB or COPD, while in Finland the opposite was found.

    Conclusion: The prevalence of respiratory symptoms and corresponding diagnoses varied between and within the countries. The proportion reporting a diagnosis of obstructive airway disease among individuals with respiratory symptoms varied, indicating differences in diagnostic patterns both between areas and by sex.

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  • 50. Axman, Erik
    et al.
    Holmberg, Henrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Medicine.
    Nordin, Pär
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery.
    Nilsson, Hanna
    Chronic pain and risk for reoperation for recurrence after inguinal hernia repair using self-gripping mesh2020In: Surgery, ISSN 0039-6060, E-ISSN 1532-7361, Vol. 167, no 3, p. 609-613Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Improved recurrence rates after groin hernia surgery have led to chronic pain becoming the most troublesome postoperative complication. Self-gripping mesh was developed to decrease the risk for development of chronic pain. The aim of this nationwide cohort study was to compare recurrence rate and chronic pain 1 year after an open, anterior mesh repair of inguinal hernias with either a self-gripping mesh or other lightweight mesh.

    Method: All operations registered as open anterior mesh repair (Lichtenstein) in the Swedish Hernia Registry between September 2012 and October 2016 were selected. At 1 year after repair, patients were sent a pain questionnaire assessing chronic pain. We compared the prevalence of chronic pain and reoperation for recurrence using lightweight, sutured mesh or self-gripping mesh.

    Results: We analyzed the 1,803 repairs using self-gripping mesh and 16,567 repairs using lightweight mesh. We found no difference in the prevalence of chronic pain 1 year after the hernia repair between self-gripping mesh and sutured lightweight mesh (OR 0.92, CI 95% 0.80–1.06, P = .257). There was no increase in reoperation for recurrence when using self-gripping mesh (HR 0.71, CI 95% 0.45–1.14, P = .156). Mean operation time was considerably less when using self-gripping mesh (43 vs 70 minutes; P > .001).

    Conclusion: The use of self-gripping mesh does not decrease the incidence of chronic pain and reoperation for recurrence compared with lightweight, sutured mesh for open anterior mesh repair of inguinal hernias. Furthermore, the use of self-gripping mesh is associated with a clinically important, lesser operation time.

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