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  • 1. Bengtsson, Boel
    et al.
    Heijl, Anders
    Jóhannesson, Gauti
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk vetenskap, Oftalmiatrik.
    Andersson-Geimer, Sabina
    Aspberg, Johan
    Linden, Christina
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk vetenskap, Oftalmiatrik.
    The Glaucoma Intensive Treatment Study (GITS), a randomized clinical trial: design, methodology and baseline data2018Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmologica, ISSN 1755-375X, E-ISSN 1755-3768, Vol. 96, nr 6, s. 557-566Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The primary objective of the ongoing Glaucoma Intensive Treatment Study (GITS) is to evaluate the effectiveness of immediate intensive treatment in comparison with the commonly recommended stepped regimen on the predicted visual field. The two treatment arms are also being compared regarding quality of life (QoL), intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction, frequency of reported side‐effects, adverse events and adherence to prescribed treatment.

    Design: A randomized, two‐centre, prospective open‐labelled treatment trial for open‐angle glaucoma.

    Participants: Individuals aged 40–78 years with previously untreated and newly diagnosed glaucoma with early to moderate visual field loss were eligible.

    Methods: Patients were randomized to initial treatment either using drug monotherapy in accordance with common glaucoma guidelines or using a more intensive approach including eyedrops containing drugs from three different classes combined with 360° laser trabeculoplasty. The patients are to be followed for 5 years at visits including standard automated perimetry, optical coherence tomography (OPT) and tonometry. Change of treatment is allowed and decided upon jointly with the patient as in conventional glaucoma management.Main outcome: The estimated predicted preserved visual field and QoL at end of expected lifetime.

    Results: A total of 242 patients, 45% females, mean age 68 years, were randomized. The median untreated IOP was 24 mm Hg, and the median visual field index (VFI), indicating the percentage of a full field, was 92%.

    Conclusion: Glaucoma Intensive Treatment Study is a clinical trial in which two groups of patients randomized to different initial intensities of IOP‐reducing treatment are being compared with regard to rate of visual field progression and prediction of serious glaucomatous visual field loss at estimated at end of life.

  • 2.
    Linden, Christina
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk vetenskap, Oftalmiatrik.
    Heijl, Anders
    Jóhannesson, Gauti
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk vetenskap, Oftalmiatrik. Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Wallenberg centrum för molekylär medicin vid Umeå universitet (WCMM).
    Aspberg, Johan
    Andersson Geimer, Sabina
    Bengtsson, Boel
    Initial intraocular pressure reduction by mono‐ versus multi‐therapy in patients with open‐angle glaucoma: results from the Glaucoma Intensive Treatment Study2018Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmologica, ISSN 1755-375X, E-ISSN 1755-3768, Vol. 96, nr 6, s. 567-572Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: To study newly diagnosed glaucoma patients given mono‐ or multi‐therapy regarding differences in initial intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction, target IOP levels reached and influence of untreated baseline IOP on IOP reduction.

    Methods: Patients newly diagnosed with manifest primary open‐angle glaucoma and included in the Glaucoma Intensive Treatment Study (GITS) were randomized to immediate intensive treatment with any of three different IOP‐lowering substances supplied in two bottles plus 360° laser trabeculoplasty or to conventional stepwise treatment starting with a single‐drug. Intraocular pressure reduction was analysed 1 month after initiation of treatment.

    Results: One hundred eighteen patients (143 eyes) received mono‐therapy and 122 patients (152 eyes) multi‐therapy. Median baseline IOP was 24.0 (min: 9.7, max: 56.0) mmHg in mono‐therapy eyes and 24.0 (min: 12.3, max: 48.5) mmHg in multi‐therapy eyes (p = 0.56). After 1 month in the two groups, respectively, values for median IOP reduction were 6.3 (range: −5.3–31.0) and 11.0 (range: 0.7–34.5) mmHg, and for mean relative decline 26.8 (range: −32.0–55.4) and 46.0 (range: 4.6–81.6) % (p = 0.000). A larger proportion of the multi‐therapy patients reached each target IOP level (p = 0.000). The higher the baseline IOP, the larger the observed pressure reduction, considering both absolute and relative figures. The effect was more pronounced in eyes with multi‐therapy than in those with mono‐therapy (p = 0.000). For every mmHg higher IOP at baseline, the IOP was reduced by an additional 0.56 (mono‐therapy) or 0.84 (multi‐therapy) mmHg.

    Conclusion: Intensive treatment led to considerably greater IOP reduction than mono‐therapy. Among patients with IOP ≥30 mmHg at diagnosis an IOP of <16 was reached in 2/3 of those with multi‐therapy but in none with mono‐therapy. The IOP reduction was highly dependent on the untreated IOP level.

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