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  • 1. Abbas, S
    et al.
    Linseisen, J
    Rohrmann, S
    Beulens, JWJ
    Buijsse, B
    Amiano, P
    Ardanaz, E
    Balkau, B
    Boeing, H
    Clavel-Chapelon, F
    Fagherazzi, G
    Franks, Paul W
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin.
    Gavrila, D
    Grioni, S
    Kaaks, R
    Key, TJ
    Khaw, KT
    Kuehn, T
    Mattiello, A
    Molina-Montes, E
    Nilsson, PM
    Overvad, K
    Quiros, JR
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Sacerdote, C
    Saieva, C
    Slimani, N
    Sluijs, I
    Spijkerman, AMW
    Tjonneland, A
    Tumino, R
    van der A, DL
    Zamora-Ros, R
    Sharp, SJ
    Langenberg, C
    Forouhi, NG
    Riboli, E
    Wareham, NJ
    Dietary vitamin D intake and risk of type 2 diabetes in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition: the EPIC-InterAct study2014Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0954-3007, E-ISSN 1476-5640, Vol. 68, nr 2, s. 196-202Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Prospective cohort studies have indicated that serum vitamin D levels are inversely related to risk of type 2 diabetes. However, such studies cannot determine the source of vitamin D. Therefore, we examined the association of dietary vitamin D intake with incident type 2 diabetes within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct study in a heterogeneous European population including eight countries with large geographical variation.

    SUBJECTS/METHODS: Using a case-cohort design, 11 245 incident cases of type 2 diabetes and a representative subcohort (N = 15 798) were included in the analyses. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for type 2 diabetes were calculated using a Prentice-weighted Cox regression adjusted for potential confounders. Twenty-four-hour diet-recall data from a subsample (N = 2347) were used to calibrate habitual intake data derived from dietary questionnaires.

    RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 10.8 years. Dietary vitamin D intake was not significantly associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. HR and 95% CIs for the highest compared to the lowest quintile of uncalibrated vitamin D intake was 1.09 (0.97-1.22) (P-trend = 0.17). No associations were observed in a sex-specific analysis. The overall pooled effect (HR (95% CI)) using the continuous calibrated variable was 1.00 (0.97-1.03) per increase of 1 mg/day dietary vitamin D.

    CONCLUSIONS: This observational study does not support an association between higher dietary vitamin D intake and type 2 diabetes incidence. This result has to be interpreted in light of the limited contribution of dietary vitamin D on the overall vitamin D status of a person.

  • 2. Albrechtsen, A.
    et al.
    Grarup, N.
    Li, Y.
    Sparso, T.
    Tian, G.
    Cao, H.
    Jiang, T.
    Kim, S. Y.
    Korneliussen, T.
    Li, Q.
    Nie, C.
    Wu, R.
    Skotte, L.
    Morris, A. P.
    Ladenvall, C.
    Cauchi, S.
    Stancakova, A.
    Andersen, G.
    Astrup, A.
    Banasik, K.
    Bennett, A. J.
    Bolund, L.
    Charpentier, G.
    Chen, Y.
    Dekker, J. M.
    Doney, A. S. F.
    Dorkhan, M.
    Forsen, T.
    Frayling, T. M.
    Groves, C. J.
    Gui, Y.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Näringsforskning. Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Enheten för biobanksforskning.
    Hattersley, A. T.
    He, K.
    Hitman, G. A.
    Holmkvist, J.
    Huang, S.
    Jiang, H.
    Jin, X.
    Justesen, J. M.
    Kristiansen, K.
    Kuusisto, J.
    Lajer, M.
    Lantieri, O.
    Li, W.
    Liang, H.
    Liao, Q.
    Liu, X.
    Ma, T.
    Ma, X.
    Manijak, M. P.
    Marre, M.
    Mokrosinski, J.
    Morris, A. D.
    Mu, B.
    Nielsen, A. A.
    Nijpels, G.
    Nilsson, P.
    Palmer, C. N. A.
    Rayner, N. W.
    Renstrom, F.
    Ribel-Madsen, R.
    Robertson, N.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Rossing, P.
    Schwartz, T. W.
    Slagboom, P. E.
    Sterner, M.
    Tang, M.
    Tarnow, L.
    Tuomi, T.
    van't Riet, E.
    van Leeuwen, N.
    Varga, T. V.
    Vestmar, M. A.
    Walker, M.
    Wang, B.
    Wang, Y.
    Wu, H.
    Xi, F.
    Yengo, L.
    Yu, C.
    Zhang, X.
    Zhang, J.
    Zhang, Q.
    Zhang, W.
    Zheng, H.
    Zhou, Y.
    Altshuler, D.
    't Hart, L. M.
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin.
    Balkau, B.
    Froguel, P.
    McCarthy, M. I.
    Laakso, M.
    Groop, L.
    Christensen, C.
    Brandslund, I.
    Lauritzen, T.
    Witte, D. R.
    Linneberg, A.
    Jorgensen, T.
    Hansen, T.
    Wang, J.
    Nielsen, R.
    Pedersen, O.
    Exome sequencing-driven discovery of coding polymorphisms associated with common metabolic phenotypes2013Ingår i: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 56, nr 2, s. 298-310Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Human complex metabolic traits are in part regulated by genetic determinants. Here we applied exome sequencing to identify novel associations of coding polymorphisms at minor allele frequencies (MAFs) > 1% with common metabolic phenotypes. The study comprised three stages. We performed medium-depth (8x) whole exome sequencing in 1,000 cases with type 2 diabetes, BMI > 27.5 kg/m(2) and hypertension and in 1,000 controls (stage 1). We selected 16,192 polymorphisms nominally associated (p < 0.05) with case-control status, from four selected annotation categories or from loci reported to associate with metabolic traits. These variants were genotyped in 15,989 Danes to search for association with 12 metabolic phenotypes (stage 2). In stage 3, polymorphisms showing potential associations were genotyped in a further 63,896 Europeans. Exome sequencing identified 70,182 polymorphisms with MAF > 1%. In stage 2 we identified 51 potential associations with one or more of eight metabolic phenotypes covered by 45 unique polymorphisms. In meta-analyses of stage 2 and stage 3 results, we demonstrated robust associations for coding polymorphisms in CD300LG (fasting HDL-cholesterol: MAF 3.5%, p = 8.5 x 10(-14)), COBLL1 (type 2 diabetes: MAF 12.5%, OR 0.88, p = 1.2 x 10(-11)) and MACF1 (type 2 diabetes: MAF 23.4%, OR 1.10, p = 8.2 x 10(-10)). We applied exome sequencing as a basis for finding genetic determinants of metabolic traits and show the existence of low-frequency and common coding polymorphisms with impact on common metabolic traits. Based on our study, coding polymorphisms with MAF above 1% do not seem to have particularly high effect sizes on the measured metabolic traits.

  • 3.
    Andersen, C. D.
    et al.
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Bennet, L.
    Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University/Region Skåne, Malmö, Sweden.
    Nyström, Lennarth
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Epidemiologi och global hälsa.
    Lindblad, U.
    Department of Primary Health Care, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Lindholm, E.
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Groop, L.
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin.
    Worse glycaemic control in LADA patients than in those with type 2 diabetes, despite a longer time on insulin therapy2013Ingår i: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 56, nr 2, s. 252-258Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Our aim was to study whether glycaemic control differs between individuals with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) and patients with type 2 diabetes, and whether it is influenced by time on insulin therapy. We performed a retrospective study of 372 patients with LADA (205 men and 167 women; median age 54 years, range 35-80 years) from Swedish cohorts from SkAyenne (n = 272) and Vasterbotten (n = 100). Age- and sex-matched patients with type 2 diabetes were included as controls. Data on the use of oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs), insulin and insulin-OHA combination therapy was retrieved from the medical records. Poor glycaemic control was defined as HbA(1c) a parts per thousand yen7.0% (a parts per thousand yen53 mmol/mol) at follow-up. The individuals with LADA and with type 2 diabetes were followed for an average of 107 months. LADA patients were leaner than type 2 diabetes patients at diagnosis (BMI 27.7 vs 31.0 kg/m(2); p < 0.001) and follow-up (BMI 27.9 vs 30.2 kg/m(2); p < 0.001). Patients with LADA had been treated with insulin for longer than those with type 2 diabetes (53.3 vs 28.8 months; p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the patient groups with regard to poor glycaemic control at diagnosis, but more patients with LADA (67.8%) than type 2 diabetes patients (53.0%; p < 0.001) had poor glycaemic control at follow-up. Patients with LADA had worse glycaemic control at follow-up compared with participants with type 2 diabetes (OR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.2, 2.7), adjusted for age at diagnosis, HbA(1c), BMI at diagnosis, follow-up time and duration of insulin treatment. Individuals with LADA have worse glycaemic control than patients with type 2 diabetes despite a longer time on insulin therapy.

  • 4. Andersen, Mette K.
    et al.
    Sterner, Maria
    Forsen, Tom
    Käräjämäki, Annemari
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Forsblom, Carol
    Groop, Per-Henrik
    Lahti, Kaj
    Nilsson, Peter M.
    Groop, Leif
    Tuomi, Tiinamaija
    Type 2 diabetes susceptibility gene variants predispose to adult-onset autoimmune diabetes2014Ingår i: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 57, nr 9, s. 1859-1868Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims/hypothesis Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is phenotypically a hybrid of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Genetically LADA is poorly characterised but does share genetic predisposition with type 1 diabetes. We aimed to improve the genetic characterisation of LADA and hypothesised that type 2 diabetes-associated gene variants also predispose to LADA, and that the associations would be strongest in LADA patients with low levels of GAD autoantibodies (GADA). Methods We assessed 41 type 2 diabetes-associated gene variants in Finnish (phase I) and Swedish (phase II) patients with LADA (n=911) or type 1 diabetes (n=406), all diagnosed after the age of 35 years, as well as in non-diabetic control individuals 40 years or older (n=4,002). Results Variants in the ZMIZ1 (rs12571751, p=4.1 x 10(-5)) and TCF7L2 (rs7903146, p=5.8 x 10(-4)) loci were strongly associated with LADA. Variants in the KCNQ1 (rs2237895, p=0.0012), HHEX (rs1111875, p=0.0024 in Finns) and MTNR1B (rs10830963, p=0.0039) loci showed the strongest association in patients with low GADA, supporting the hypothesis that the disease in these patients is more like type 2 diabetes. In contrast, variants in the KLHDC5 (rs10842994, p=9.5 x 10(-4) in Finns), TP53INP1 (rs896854, p=0.005), CDKAL1 (rs7756992, p=7.0 x 10(-4); rs7754840, p=8.8 x 10(-4)) and PROX1 (rs340874, p=0.003) loci showed the strongest association in patients with high GADA. For type 1 diabetes, a strong association was seen for MTNR1B (rs10830963, p=3.2 x 10(-6)) and HNF1A (rs2650000, p=0.0012). Conclusions/interpretation LADA and adult-onset type 1 diabetes share genetic risk variants with type 2 diabetes, supporting the idea of a hybrid form of diabetes and distinguishing them from patients with classical young-onset type 1 diabetes.

  • 5.
    Andersson, Jenny
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Wennberg, Patrik
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Hultin, Magnus
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgisk och perioperativ vetenskap, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Att skapa läkare i glesbygd2018Ingår i: Allmänmedicin : tidskrift för Svensk förening för allmänmedicin, ISSN 0281-3513, nr 3, s. 26-27Artikel i tidskrift (Övrig (populärvetenskap, debatt, mm))
  • 6.
    Awad, Anna
    et al.
    Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sunderby Research Unit, Umeå University, Sweden..
    Lundqvist, Robert
    Research and Innovation Unit, Norrbotten County Council, Luleå, Sweden..
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Sundström, Anna
    Umeå universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för psykologi. Umeå universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Enheten för demografi och åldrandeforskning (CEDAR).
    Eliasson, Mats
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Avdelningen för medicin. Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Sunderby Research Unit, Umeå University, Sweden..
    Lower cognitive performance among long-term type 1 diabetes survivors: A case-control study2017Ingår i: Journal of diabetes and its complications, ISSN 1056-8727, E-ISSN 1873-460X, Vol. 31, nr 8, s. 1328-1331Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction. The cognitive decrement is believed to depend on macro- and microvascular complications and long disease duration. Some patients do not develop these complications, but still report cognitive symptoms. We examined if long-standing T1D without complications is associated with lower cognitive performance.

    METHODS: A group of patients (n=43) with long-standing T1D (>30years) without micro- or macro vascular complications was compared with a non-diabetic control group (n=86) on six cognitive tests which probed episodic memory, semantic memory, episodic short-term memory, visual attention and psychomotor speed. Each patient was matched with two controls regarding age, gender and education. A linear mixed effect model was used to analyze the data.

    RESULTS: The mean age was 57years and mean duration was 41years. Patients with diabetes had lower diastolic blood pressure but BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure and smoking did not differ between groups. Patients had lower results than non-diabetic controls in episodic short-term memory (p<0.001) and also lower values on a test that mirrors visual attention and psychomotor speed (p=0.019).

    CONCLUSIONS: Long-standing T1D was associated with lower cognitive performance, regardless of other diabetes-related complications.

  • 7.
    Backeström, Anna
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Eriksson, Sture
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för samhällsmedicin och rehabilitering, Geriatrik.
    Nilsson, Lars-Göran
    Olsson, Tommy
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Glucose but not insulin or insulin resistance is associated with memory performance in middle-aged non-diabetic women: a cross sectional study2015Ingår i: Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome, E-ISSN 1758-5996, Vol. 7, artikel-id 20Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Elevated concentrations of plasma glucose appear to play a role in memory impairment, and it has been suggested that insulin might also have a negative effect on cognitive function. Our aim was to study whether glucose, insulin or insulin resistance are associated with episodic or semantic memory in a non-diabetic and non-demented population. 

    Methods: We linked and matched two population-based data sets identifying 291 participants (127 men and 164 women, mean age of 50.7 +/- 8.0 years). Episodic and semantic memory functions were tested, and fasting plasma insulin, fasting plasma glucose, and 2-hour glucose were analysed along with other potential influencing factors on memory function. Since men and women display different results on memory functions they were analysed separately. Insulin resistance was calculated using the HOMA-IR method. 

    Results: A higher fasting plasma glucose concentration was associated with lower episodic memory in women (r = -0.08, 95% CI -0.14; -0.01), but not in men. Plasma insulin levels and insulin resistance were not associated with episodic or semantic memory in women or in men after adjustments for age, fasting glucose, 2-hour glucose, BMI, education, smoking, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, cholesterol, and physical activity. 

    Conclusions: This indicates that fasting glucose but not insulin, might have impact on episodic memory in middle-aged women.

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  • 8.
    Backeström, Anna
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Papadopoulos, Konstantin
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Eriksson, Sture
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Näringsforskning.
    Olsson, Tommy
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Avdelningen för medicin.
    Andersson, Micael
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för integrativ medicinsk biologi (IMB). Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Umeå centrum för funktionell hjärnavbildning (UFBI).
    Blennow, Kaj
    Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Mö lndal, Sweden; Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mö lndal, Sweden.
    Zetterberg, Henrik
    Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mö lndal, Sweden; Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Ucl Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom; UK Dementia Research Institute at Ucl, London, United Kingdom.
    Nyberg, Lars
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för integrativ medicinsk biologi (IMB). Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Umeå centrum för funktionell hjärnavbildning (UFBI). Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för strålningsvetenskaper, Diagnostisk radiologi.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Acute hyperglycaemia leads to altered frontal lobe brain activity and reduced working memory in type 2 diabetes2021Ingår i: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 16, nr 3, artikel-id e0247753Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    How acute hyperglycaemia affects memory functions and functional brain responses in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes is unclear. Our aim was to study the association between acute hyperglycaemia and working, semantic, and episodic memory in participants with type 2 diabetes compared to a sex- A nd age-matched control group. We also assessed the effect of hyperglycaemia on working memory-related brain activity. A total of 36 participants with type 2 diabetes and 34 controls (mean age, 66 years) underwent hyperglycaemic clamp or placebo clamp in a blinded and randomised order. Working, episodic, and semantic memory were tested. Overall, the control group had higher working memory (mean z-score 33.15 ± 0.45) than the group with type 2 diabetes (mean z-score 31.8 ± 0.44, p = 0.042) considering both the placebo and hyperglycaemic clamps. Acute hyperglycaemia did not influence episodic, semantic, or working memory performance in either group. Twenty-two of the participants (10 cases, 12 controls, mean age 69 years) were randomly invited to undergo the same clamp procedures to challenge working memory, using 1-, 2-, and 3-back, while monitoring brain activity by blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The participants with type 2 diabetes had reduced working memory during the 1- A nd 2-back tests. fMRI during placebo clamp revealed increased BOLD signal in the left lateral frontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex as a function of working memory load in both groups (3>2>1). During hyperglycaemia, controls showed a similar load-dependent fMRI response, whereas the type 2 diabetes group showed decreased BOLD response from 2-to 3-back. These results suggest that impaired glucose metabolism in the brain affects working memory, possibly by reducing activity in important frontal brain areas in persons with type 2 diabetes.

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  • 9.
    Badian, Reza A.
    et al.
    Department of Medical Biochemistry, Unit of Regenerative Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
    Ekman, Linnéa
    Department of Translational Medicine, Hand Surgery, Lund University, Malmöo, Sweden.
    Pripp, Are Hugo
    Oslo Centre of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Research Support Services, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
    Utheim, Tor Paaske
    Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Department of Ophthalmology, Sørlandet Hospital Arendal, Arendal, Norway.
    Englund, Elisabet
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Dahlin, Lars B.
    Department of Translational Medicine, Hand Surgery, Lund University, Malmöo, Sweden; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköoping University, Linköoping, Sweden; Department of Hand Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmöo, Sweden.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Lagali, Neil
    Department of Ophthalmology, Sørlandet Hospital Arendal, Arendal, Norway; Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköoping University, Linköoping, Sweden.
    Comparison of novel wide-field in vivo corneal confocal microscopy with skin biopsy for assessing peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes2023Ingår i: Diabetes, ISSN 0012-1797, E-ISSN 1939-327X, Vol. 72, nr 7, s. 908-917Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a serious complication of diabetes, where skin biopsy assessing intraepi-dermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) plays an important diagnostic role. In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) of the corneal subbasal nerve plexus has been proposed as a noninvasive diagnostic modality for DPN. Direct compari-sons of skin biopsy and IVCM in controlled cohorts are lacking, as IVCM relies on subjective selection of images depicting only 0.2% of the nerve plexus. We compared these diagnostic modalities in a fixed-age cohort of 41 participants with type 2 diabetes and 36 healthy participants using machine algorithms to create wide-field image mosaics and quantify nerves in an area 37 times the size of prior studies to avoid human bias. In the same partici-pants, and at the same time point, no correlation between IENFD and corneal nerve density was found. Corneal nerve density did not correlate with clinical measures of DPN, including neuropathy symptom and disability scores, nerve conduction studies, or quantitative sensory tests. Our findings indicate that corneal and intraepidermal nerves likely mirror different aspects of nerve degeneration, where only intraepidermal nerves appear to reflect the clinical status of DPN, suggesting that scrutiny is warranted concerning methodologies of studies using corneal nerves to assess DPN.

  • 10. Bennet, L.
    et al.
    Udumyan, R.
    Östgren, C.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Jansson, S.
    Wändell, P.
    Mortality in first- and second- generation immigrants to Sweden diagnosed with type 2 diabetes2020Ingår i: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 63, nr SUPPL 1, s. S43-S43, artikel-id 84Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
    Abstract [en]

    Background and aims: Non-western immigrants to Europe are at high risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this nationwide study including incident cases of T2D, the aim was to compare mortality in first- and second generation immigrants with native Swedes.

    Materials and methods: Patients living in Sweden diagnosed with a new-onset pharmacologically treated T2D between 2006 to 2012 were identified through the Swedish Prescription Drug Register. Patients were followed until December 31, 2016 for all-cause mortality (ACM) and until December 31, 2012 for cause-specific mortality (CSM). Analyses were adjusted for age at diagnosis, sex, year of diagnosis, socioeconomy, education, treatment and region. Comparisons were assessed using coxregression analysis.

    Results: In total, 169 300 individuals (129 533 (76.3%) native Swedes; 31 988 (18.9%) first-generation immigrants, and 7 799 (4.8%) secondgeneration immigrants with either one or both parents born outside Sweden) were diagnosed with T2D between 2006 and 2012 and fulfilled inclusion criteria. First-generation immigrants had lower ACM rate [hazard ratio (HR): 0.85, 95% CI 0.82 to 0.89] compared with native Swedes.The mortality was particularly low in persons born in the Middle East [0.45,0.40 to 0.51], Asia [0.56, 0.46 to 0.68], and Africa [0.88. 0.82 to 0.95]. Mortality rates decreased with older age at migration and shorter stay in Sweden, with the lowest rate in those originating from the Middle East living in Sweden <25 years [0.40, 0.34 to 0.46]. Firstgeneration immigrants born in the Middle East (0.43; 0.30-0.62), and Asia (0.38; 0.19- 0.77) had lower cardiovascular disease related mortality rates compared with native Swedes. Middle Eastern immigrants further displayed lower cancer related mortality rate (0.59, 0.42 to 0.84) compared with native Swedes. Second generation immigrants displayed similar survival rates as native Swedes.

    Conclusion: Our data indicate that in T2D patients, exposure to the Swedish environment seems to have a larger impact on mortality risk than region of origin. This study indicates protecting mechanisms on mortality related to the non-western environment.

  • 11. Bennet, Louise
    et al.
    Udumyan, Ruzan
    Ostgren, Carl Johan
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Jansson, Stefan P. O.
    Wandell, Per
    Mortality in first- and second-generation immigrants to Sweden diagnosed with type 2 diabetes: a 10 year nationwide cohort study2020Ingår i: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 64, nr 1, s. 95-108Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims/hypothesis: Non-Western immigrants to Europe are at high risk for type 2 diabetes. In this nationwide study including incident cases of type 2 diabetes, the aim was to compare all-cause mortality (ACM) and cause-specific mortality (CSM) rates in first- and second-generation immigrants with native Swedes.

    Methods: People living in Sweden diagnosed with new-onset pharmacologically treated type 2 diabetes between 2006 and 2012 were identified through the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. They were followed until 31 December 2016 for ACM and until 31 December 2012 for CSM. Analyses were adjusted for age at diagnosis, sex, socioeconomic status, education, treatment and region. Associations were assessed using Cox regression analysis.

    Results: In total, 138,085 individuals were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes between 2006 and 2012 and fulfilled inclusion criteria. Of these, 102,163 (74.0%) were native Swedes, 28,819 (20.9%) were first-generation immigrants and 7103 (5.1%) were second-generation immigrants with either one or both parents born outside Sweden. First-generation immigrants had lower ACM rate (HR 0.80 [95% CI 0.76, 0.84]) compared with native Swedes. The mortality rates were particularly low in people born in non-Western regions (0.46 [0.42, 0.50]; the Middle East, 0.41 [0.36, 0.47]; Asia, 0.53 [0.43, 0.66]; Africa, 0.47 [0.38, 0.59]; and Latin America, 0.53 [0.42, 0.68]). ACM rates decreased with older age at migration and shorter stay in Sweden. Compared with native Swedes, first-generation immigrants with <= 24 years in Sweden (0.55 [0.51, 0.60]) displayed lower ACM rates than those spending >24 years in Sweden (0.92 [0.87, 0.97]). Second-generation immigrants did not have better survival rates than native Swedes but rather displayed higher ACM rates for people with both parents born abroad (1.28 [1.05, 1.56]).

    Conclusions/interpretation: In people with type 2 diabetes, the lower mortality rate in first-generation non-Western immigrants compared with native Swedes was reduced over time and was equalised in second-generation immigrants. These findings suggest that acculturation to Western culture may impact ACM and CSM in immigrants with type 2 diabetes but further investigation is needed.

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  • 12.
    Bergqvist, D.
    et al.
    Uppsala Univ, Dept Surg Sci, Stockholm, Sweden .
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin.
    Sawe, J.
    Swedish Board Hlth Technol Assessment, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Cilostazol, a platelet inhibitor, in treating intermittent claudication: A systematic review2011Konferensbidrag (Refereegranskat)
  • 13. Bergqvist, David
    et al.
    Delle, Martin
    Eckerlund, Ingemar
    Marké, Lars-Ake
    Säwe, Juliette
    Holst, Jan
    Mattiasson, Ingrid
    Jogestrand, Tomas
    Jörneskog, Gun
    Klevsgård, Rosemarie
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Troëng, Thomas
    Wahlberg, Eric
    [From primary health care to invasive intervention. The cardiovascular patient's way through the Swedish health care system]2006Ingår i: Läkartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, E-ISSN 1652-7518, Vol. 103, nr 1-2, s. 38-40Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 14. Beulens, J. W. J.
    et al.
    van der Schouw, Y. T.
    Bergmann, M. M.
    Rohrmann, S.
    Schulze, M. B.
    Buijsse, B.
    Grobbee, D. E.
    Arriola, L.
    Cauchi, S.
    Tormo, M-J
    Allen, N. E.
    van der A, D. L.
    Balkau, B.
    Boeing, H.
    Clavel-Chapelon, F.
    de Lauzon-Guillan, B.
    Franks, P.
    Froguel, P.
    Gonzales, C.
    Halkjaer, J.
    Huerta, J. M.
    Kaaks, R.
    Key, T. J.
    Khaw, K. T.
    Krogh, V.
    Molina-Montes, E.
    Nilsson, P.
    Overvad, K.
    Palli, D.
    Panico, S.
    Ramón Quirós, J.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Romieu, I.
    Romaguera, D.
    Sacerdote, C.
    Sánchez, M-J
    Spijkerman, A. M. W.
    Teucher, B.
    Tjonneland, A.
    Tumino, R.
    Sharp, S.
    Forouhi, N. G.
    Langenberg, C.
    Feskens, E. J. M.
    Riboli, E.
    Wareham, N. J.
    Alcohol consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes in European men and women: influence of beverage type and body size The EPIC-InterAct study2012Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine, ISSN 0954-6820, E-ISSN 1365-2796, Vol. 272, nr 4, s. 358-370Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To investigate the association between alcohol consumption and type 2 diabetes, and determine whether this is modified by sex, body mass index (BMI) and beverage type. Design: Multicentre prospective casecohort study. Setting: Eight countries from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort. Subjects: A representative baseline sample of 16 154 participants and 12 403 incident cases of type 2 diabetes. Interventions: Alcohol consumption assessed using validated dietary questionnaires. Main outcome measures: Occurrence of type 2 diabetes based on multiple sources (mainly self-reports), verified against medical information. Results: Amongst men, moderate alcohol consumption was nonsignificantly associated with a lower incidence of diabetes with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.90 (95% CI: 0.781.05) for 6.112.0 versus 0.16.0 g day-1, adjusted for dietary and diabetes risk factors. However, the lowest risk was observed at higher intakes of 24.196.0 g day-1 with an HR of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.750.98). Amongst women, moderate alcohol consumption was associated with a lower incidence of diabetes with a hazard ratio of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.720.92) for 6.112.0 g day-1 (P interaction gender <0.01). The inverse association between alcohol consumption and diabetes was more pronounced amongst overweight (BMI = 25 kg m-2) than normal-weight men and women (P interaction < 0.05). Adjusting for waist and hip circumference did not alter the results for men, but attenuated the association for women (HR=0.90, 95% CI: 0.791.03 for 6.112.0 g day-1). Wine consumption for men and fortified wine  consumption for women were most strongly associated with a reduced risk of diabetes. Conclusions: The results of this study show that moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes amongst women only. However, this risk reduction is in part explained by fat distribution. The relation between alcohol consumption and type 2 diabetes was stronger for overweight than normal-weight women and men.

  • 15.
    Brand, J. S.
    et al.
    Utrecht, The Netherlands.
    Onland-Moret, N. C.
    Utrecht, The Netherlands.
    Eijkemans, M. J. C.
    Utrecht, The Netherlands.
    Tjönneland, A.
    Copenhagen, Denmark .
    Roswall, N.
    Copenhagen, Denmark .
    Overvad, K.
    Aarhus, Denmark .
    Fagherazzi, G.
    Villejuif, France.
    Clavel-Chapelon, F.
    Villejuif, France.
    Dossus, L.
    Villejuif, France.
    Lukanova, Annekatrin
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för medicinsk biovetenskap. Heidelberg, Germany .
    Grote, V.
    Heidelberg, Germany .
    Bergmann, M. M.
    Potsdam, Germany.
    Boeing, H.
    Potsdam, Germany.
    Trichopoulou, A.
    Athens, Greece.
    Tzivoglou, M.
    Athens, Greece.
    Trichopoulos, D.
    Athens, Greece; Boston, MA 02115, USA.
    Grioni, S.
    Milan, Italy.
    Mattiello, A.
    Naples, Italy.
    Masala, G.
    Florence, Italy.
    Tumino, R.
    Ragusa, Italy.
    Vineis, P.
    Torino, Italy; London, UK.
    Bueno-De-Mesquita, H. B.
    The Netherlands; London, United Kingdom; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia .
    Weiderpass, E.
    Norway; Stockholm, Sweden; Helsinki, Finland .
    Redondo, M. L.
    Asturias, Spain.
    Sanchez, M. J.
    Spain.
    Huerta Castano, J. M.
    Spain.
    Arriola, L.
    San Sebastian, Spain.
    Ardanaz, E.
    Spain.
    Duell, E. J.
    Barcelona, Spain.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Franks, Paul
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin. Malmö, Sweden.
    Butt, S.
    Malmö, Sweden.
    Nilsson, P.
    Malmö, Sweden.
    Khaw, K. T.
    Cambridge, UK.
    Wareham, N.
    Cambridge, UK.
    Travis, R.
    Oxford, UK.
    Romieu, I.
    Lyon, France.
    Gunter, M. J.
    London, UK .
    Riboli, E.
    London, UK .
    van der Schouw, Y. T.
    Utrecht, The Netherlands.
    Diabetes and onset of natural menopause: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition2015Ingår i: Human Reproduction, ISSN 0268-1161, E-ISSN 1460-2350, Vol. 30, nr 6, s. 1491-1498Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    STUDY QUESTION: Do women who have diabetes before menopause have their menopause at an earlier age compared with women without diabetes? SUMMARY ANSWER: Although there was no overall association between diabetes and age at menopause, our study suggests that early-onset diabetes may accelerate menopause. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Today, more women of childbearing age are being diagnosed with diabetes, but little is known about the impact of diabetes on reproductive health. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: We investigated the impact of diabetes on age at natural menopause (ANM) in 258 898 women from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), enrolled between 1992 and 2000. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Determinant and outcome information was obtained through questionnaires. Time-dependent Cox regression analyses were used to estimate the associations of diabetes and age at diabetes diagnosis with ANM, stratified by center and adjusted for age, smoking, reproductive and diabetes risk factors and with age from birth to menopause or censoring as the underlying time scale. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Overall, no association between diabetes and ANM was found (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89-1.01). However, women with diabetes before the age of 20 years had an earlier menopause (10-20 years: HR = 1.43; 95% CI 1.02-2.01, <10 years: HR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.03-2.43) compared with non-diabetic women, whereas women with diabetes at age 50 years and older had a later menopause (HR = 0.81; 95% CI 0.70-0.95). None of the other age groups were associated with ANM. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: Strengths of the study include the large sample size and the broad set of potential confounders measured. However, results may have been underestimated due to survival bias. We cannot be sure about the sequence of the events in women with a late age at diabetes, as both events then occur in a short period. We could not distinguish between type 1 and type 2 diabetes. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: Based on the literature, an accelerating effect of early-onset diabetes on ANM might be plausible. A delaying effect of late-onset diabetes on ANM has not been reported before, and is not in agreement with recent studies suggesting the opposite association.

  • 16. Brand, Judith S.
    et al.
    van der Schouw, Yvonne T.
    Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte
    Sharp, Stephen J.
    Ong, Ken K.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Amiano, Pilar
    Boeing, Heiner
    Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores
    Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise
    Crowe, Francesca L.
    de Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine
    Duell, Eric J.
    Fagherazzi, Guy
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin.
    Grioni, Sara
    Groop, Leif C.
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Key, Timothy J.
    Nilsson, Peter M.
    Overvad, Kim
    Palli, Domenico
    Panico, Salvatore
    Quiros, J. Ramon
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Sanchez, Maria-Jose
    Slimani, Nadia
    Teucher, Birgit
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Tumino, Rosario
    van der A, Daphne L.
    Feskens, Edith J. M.
    Langenberg, Claudia
    Forouhi, Nita G.
    Riboli, Elio
    Wareham, Nicholas J.
    Age at Menopause, Reproductive Life Span, and Type 2 Diabetes Risk2013Ingår i: Diabetes Care, ISSN 0149-5992, E-ISSN 1935-5548, Vol. 36, nr 4, s. 1012-1019Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE-Age at menopause is an important determinant of future health outcomes, but little is known about its relationship with type 2 diabetes. We examined the associations of menopausal age and reproductive life span (menopausal age minus menarcheal age) with diabetes risk.

    RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Data were obtained from the InterAct study, a prospective case-cohort study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. A total of 3,691 postmenopausal type 2 diabetic case subjects and 4,408 subcohort members were included in the analysis, with a median follow-up of 11 years. Prentice weighted Cox proportional hazards models were adjusted for age, known risk factors for diabetes, and reproductive factors, and effect modification by BMI, waist circumference, and smoking was studied.

    RESULTS-Mean (SD) age of the subcohort was 59.2 (5.8) years. After multivariable adjustment, hazard ratios (HRs) of type 2 diabetes were 1.32 (95% CI 1.04-1.69), 1.09 (0.90-1.31), 0.97 (0.86-1.10), and 0.85 (0.70-1.03) for women with menopause at ages <40, 40-44, 45-49, and >= 55 years, respectively, relative to those with menopause at age 50-54 years. The HR per SD younger age at menopause was 1.08 (1.02-1.14). Similarly, a shorter reproductive life span was associated with a higher diabetes risk (HR per SD lower reproductive life span 1.06 [ 1.01-1.12]). No effect modification by BMI, waist circumference, or smoking was observed (P interaction all > 0.05).

    CONCLUSIONS-Early menopause is associated with a greater risk of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 36:1012-1019, 2013

  • 17. Brazel, David M.
    et al.
    Jiang, Yu
    Hughey, Jordan M.
    Turcot, Valérie
    Zhan, Xiaowei
    Gong, Jian
    Batini, Chiara
    Weissenkampen, J. Dylan
    Liu, MengZhen
    Barnes, Daniel R.
    Bertelsen, Sarah
    Chou, Yi-Ling
    Erzurumluoglu, A. Mesut
    Faul, Jessica D.
    Haessler, Jeff
    Hammerschlag, Anke R.
    Hsu, Chris
    Kapoor, Manav
    Lai, Dongbing
    Le, Nhung
    de Leeuw, Christiaan A.
    Loukola, Anu
    Mangino, Massimo
    Melbourne, Carl A.
    Pistis, Giorgio
    Qaiser, Beenish
    Rohde, Rebecca
    Shao, Yaming
    Stringham, Heather
    Wetherill, Leah
    Zhao, Wei
    Agrawal, Arpana
    Bierut, Laura
    Chen, Chu
    Eaton, Charles B.
    Goate, Alison
    Haiman, Christopher
    Heath, Andrew
    Iacono, William G.
    Martin, Nicholas G.
    Polderman, Tinca J.
    Reiner, Alex
    Rice, John
    Schlessinger, David
    Scholte, H. Steven
    Smith, Jennifer A.
    Tardif, Jean-Claude
    Tindle, Hilary A.
    van der Leij, Andries R.
    Boehnke, Michael
    Chang-Claude, Jenny
    Cucca, Francesco
    David, Sean P.
    Foroud, Tatiana
    Howson, Joanna M. M.
    Kardia, Sharon L. R.
    Kooperberg, Charles
    Laakso, Markku
    Lettre, Guillaume
    Madden, Pamela
    McGue, Matt
    North, Kari
    Posthuma, Danielle
    Spector, Timothy
    Stram, Daniel
    Tobin, Martin D.
    Weir, David R.
    Kaprio, Jaakko
    Abecasis, Gonçalo R.
    Liu, Dajiang J.
    Vrieze, Scott
    Franks, Paul W. (Medarbetare/bidragsgivare)
    Exome Chip Meta-analysis Fine Maps Causal Variants and Elucidates the Genetic Architecture of Rare Coding Variants in Smoking and Alcohol Use2019Ingår i: Biological Psychiatry, ISSN 0006-3223, E-ISSN 1873-2402, Vol. 85, nr 11, s. 946-955Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Smoking and alcohol use have been associated with common genetic variants in multiple loci. Rare variants within these loci hold promise in the identification of biological mechanisms in substance use. Exome arrays and genotype imputation can now efficiently genotype rare nonsynonymous and loss of function variants. Such variants are expected to have deleterious functional consequences and to contribute to disease risk.

    METHODS: We analyzed ∼250,000 rare variants from 16 independent studies genotyped with exome arrays and augmented this dataset with imputed data from the UK Biobank. Associations were tested for five phenotypes: cigarettes per day, pack-years, smoking initiation, age of smoking initiation, and alcoholic drinks per week. We conducted stratified heritability analyses, single-variant tests, and gene-based burden tests of nonsynonymous/loss-of-function coding variants. We performed a novel fine-mapping analysis to winnow the number of putative causal variants within associated loci.

    RESULTS: Meta-analytic sample sizes ranged from 152,348 to 433,216, depending on the phenotype. Rare coding variation explained 1.1% to 2.2% of phenotypic variance, reflecting 11% to 18% of the total single nucleotide polymorphism heritability of these phenotypes. We identified 171 genome-wide associated loci across all phenotypes. Fine mapping identified putative causal variants with double base-pair resolution at 24 of these loci, and between three and 10 variants for 65 loci. Twenty loci contained rare coding variants in the 95% credible intervals.

    CONCLUSIONS: Rare coding variation significantly contributes to the heritability of smoking and alcohol use. Fine-mapping genome-wide association study loci identifies specific variants contributing to the biological etiology of substance use behavior.

  • 18.
    Brännholm Syrjälä, Maria
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Bennet, L.
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Center for Primary Health Care Research, Region Skåne and Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Clinical Research and Trial Center, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
    Dempsey, P.C.
    Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia; MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, United Kingdom.
    Fhärm, Eva
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Hellgren, M.
    Skaraborg Institute, Skövde, Sweden.
    Jansson, S.
    School of Medical Sciences, University Health Care Research Center, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden; Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Nilsson, S.
    Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Nordendahl, Maria
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Rådholm, K.
    Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
    Ugarph-Morawski, A.
    Academic Primary Care Center, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden.
    Wändell, P.
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden.
    Wennberg, Patrik
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Health effects of reduced occupational sedentary behaviour in type 2 diabetes using a mobile health intervention: a study protocol for a 12-month randomized controlled trial—the ROSEBUD study2022Ingår i: Trials, E-ISSN 1745-6215, Vol. 23, nr 1, artikel-id 607Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Short-term trials conducted in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) showed that reducing sedentary behaviour by performing regular short bouts of light-intensity physical activity enhances health. Moreover, support for reducing sedentary behaviour may be provided at a low cost via mobile health technology (mHealth). There are a wide range of mHealth solutions available including SMS text message reminders and activity trackers that monitor the physical activity level and notify the user of prolonged sitting periods. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of a mHealth intervention on sedentary behaviour and physical activity and the associated changes in health in adults with T2DM.

    Methods: A dual-arm, 12-month, randomized controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted within a nationwide Swedish collaboration for diabetes research in primary health care. Individuals with T2DM (n = 142) and mainly sedentary work will be recruited across primary health care centres in five regions in Sweden. Participants will be randomized (1:1) into two groups. A mHealth intervention group who will receive an activity tracker wristband (Garmin Vivofit4), regular SMS text message reminders, and counselling with a diabetes specialist nurse, or a comparator group who will receive counselling with a diabetes specialist nurse only. The primary outcomes are device-measured total sitting time and total number of steps (activPAL3). The secondary outcomes are fatigue, health-related quality of life and musculoskeletal problems (self-reported questionnaires), number of sick leave days (diaries), diabetes medications (clinical record review) and cardiometabolic biomarkers including waist circumference, mean blood pressure, HbA1c, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides.

    Discussion: Successful interventions to increase physical activity among those with T2DM have been costly and long-term effectiveness remains uncertain. The use of mHealth technologies such as activity trackers and SMS text reminders may increase awareness of prolonged sedentary behaviour and encourage increase in regular physical activity. mHealth may, therefore, provide a valuable and novel tool to improve health outcomes and clinical management in those with T2DM. This 12-month RCT will evaluate longer-term effects of a mHealth intervention suitable for real-world primary health care settings.

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  • 19. Buijsse, B.
    et al.
    Boeing, H.
    Drogan, D.
    Schulze, M. B.
    Feskens, E. J.
    Amiano, P.
    Barricarte, A.
    Clavel-Chapelon, F.
    de Lauzon-Guillain, B.
    Fagherazzi, G.
    Fonseca-Nunes, A.
    Franks, Paul
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin.
    Huerta, J. M.
    Jakobsen, M. U.
    Kaaks, R.
    Key, T. J.
    Khaw, K. T.
    Masala, G.
    Moskal, A.
    Nilsson, P. M.
    Overvad, K.
    Pala, V.
    Panico, S.
    Redondo, M. L.
    Ricceri, F.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Sanchez, M-J
    Sluijs, I.
    Spijkerman, A. M.
    Tjonneland, A.
    Tumino, R.
    van der A, D. L.
    van der Schouw, Y. T.
    Langenberg, C.
    Sharp, S. J.
    Forouhi, N. G.
    Riboli, E.
    Wareham, N. J.
    Consumption of fatty foods and incident type 2 diabetes in populations from eight European countries2015Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0954-3007, E-ISSN 1476-5640, Vol. 69, nr 4, s. 455-461Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:

    Diets high in saturated and trans fat and low in unsaturated fat may increase type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, but studies on foods high in fat per unit weight are sparse. We assessed whether the intake of vegetable oil, butter, margarine, nuts and seeds and cakes and cookies is related to incident T2D.

    SUBJECTS/METHODS:

    A case-cohort study was conducted, nested within eight countries of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC), with 12 403 incident T2D cases and a subcohort of 16 835 people, identified from a cohort of 340 234 people. Diet was assessed at baseline (1991-1999) by country-specific questionnaires. Country-specific hazard ratios (HRs) across four categories of fatty foods (nonconsumers and tertiles among consumers) were combined with random-effects meta-analysis.

    RESULTS:

    After adjustment not including body mass index (BMI), nonconsumers of butter, nuts and seeds and cakes and cookies were at higher T2D risk compared with the middle tertile of consumption. Among consumers, cakes and cookies were inversely related to T2D (HRs across increasing tertiles 1.14, 1.00 and 0.92, respectively; P-trend <0.0001). All these associations attenuated upon adjustment for BMI, except the higher risk of nonconsumers of cakes and cookies (HR 1.57). Higher consumption of margarine became positively associated after BMI adjustment (HRs across increasing consumption tertiles: 0.93, 1.00 and 1.12; P-trend 0.03). Within consumers, vegetable oil, butter and nuts and seeds were unrelated to T2D.

    CONCLUSIONS:

    Fatty foods were generally not associated with T2D, apart from weak positive association for margarine. The higher risk among nonconsumers of cakes and cookies needs further explanation.

  • 20. Burger, Koert NJ
    et al.
    Beulens, Joline WJ
    van der Schouw, Yvonne T
    Sluijs, Ivonne
    Spijkerman, Annemieke MW
    Sluik, Diewertje
    Boeing, Heiner
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Teucher, Birgit
    Dethlefsen, Claus
    Overvad, Kim
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Kyro, Cecilie
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Bendinelli, Benedetta
    Krogh, Vittorio
    Tumino, Rosario
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Mattiello, Amalia
    Nilsson, Peter M
    Orho-Melander, Marju
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Maria Huerta, Jose
    Crowe, Francesca
    Allen, Naomi
    Noethlings, Ute
    Dietary fiber, carbohydrate quality and quantity, and mortality risk of individuals with diabetes mellitus2012Ingår i: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 7, nr 8, s. e43127-Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Dietary fiber, carbohydrate quality and quantity are associated with mortality risk in the general population. Whether this is also the case among diabetes patients is unknown.Objective: To assess the associations of dietary fiber, glycemic load, glycemic index, carbohydrate, sugar, and starch intake with mortality risk in individuals with diabetes. Methods: This study was a prospective cohort study among 6,192 individuals with confirmed diabetes mellitus (mean age of 57.4 years, and median diabetes duration of 4.4 years at baseline) from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Dietary intake was assessed at baseline (1992-2000) with validated dietary questionnaires. Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, while adjusting for CVD-related, diabetes-related, and nutritional factors. Results: During a median follow-up of 9.2 y, 791 deaths were recorded, 306 due to CVD. Dietary fiber was inversely associated with all-cause mortality risk (adjusted HR per SD increase, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.75-0.91]) and CVD mortality risk (0.76[0.64-0.89]). No significant associations were observed for glycemic load, glycemic index, carbohydrate, sugar, or starch. Glycemic load (1.42[1.07-1.88]), carbohydrate (1.67[1.18-2.37]) and sugar intake (1.53[1.12-2.09]) were associated with an increased total mortality risk among normal weight individuals (BMI <= 25 kg/m(2); 22% of study population) but not among overweight individuals (P interaction <= 0.04). These associations became stronger after exclusion of energy misreporters. Conclusions: High fiber intake was associated with a decreased mortality risk. High glycemic load, carbohydrate and sugar intake were associated with an increased mortality risk in normal weight individuals with diabetes.

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  • 21. Cai, Lina
    et al.
    Wheeler, Eleanor
    Kerrison, Nicola D.
    Luan, Jian'an
    Deloukas, Panos
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Näringsforskning. Department of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research Center, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, 20502, Malmö, Sweden.
    Amiano, Pilar
    Ardanaz, Eva
    Bonet, Catalina
    Fagherazzi, Guy
    Groop, Leif C.
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Huerta, Jose Maria
    Masala, Giovanna
    Nilsson, Peter M.
    Overvad, Kim
    Pala, Valeria
    Panico, Salvatore
    Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Schulze, Matthias B.
    Spijkerman, Annemieke M. W.
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Tumino, Rosario
    van der Schouw, Yvonne T.
    Sharp, Stephen J.
    Forouhi, Nita G.
    Riboli, Elio
    McCarthy, Mark I.
    Barroso, Ines
    Langenberg, Claudia
    Wareham, Nicholas J.
    Genome-wide association analysis of type 2 diabetes in the EPIC-InterAct study2020Ingår i: Scientific Data, E-ISSN 2052-4463, Vol. 7, nr 1, artikel-id 393Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global public health challenge. Whilst the advent of genome-wide association studies has identified >400 genetic variants associated with T2D, our understanding of its biological mechanisms and translational insights is still limited. The EPIC-InterAct project, centred in 8 countries in the European Prospective Investigations into Cancer and Nutrition study, is one of the largest prospective studies of T2D. Established as a nested case-cohort study to investigate the interplay between genetic and lifestyle behavioural factors on the risk of T2D, a total of 12,403 individuals were identified as incident T2D cases, and a representative sub-cohort of 16,154 individuals was selected from a larger cohort of 340,234 participants with a follow-up time of 3.99 million person-years. We describe the results from a genome-wide association analysis between more than 8.9 million SNPs and T2D risk among 22,326 individuals (9,978 cases and 12,348 non-cases) from the EPIC-InterAct study. The summary statistics to be shared provide a valuable resource to facilitate further investigations into the genetics of T2D.

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  • 22. Cooper, A. J.
    et al.
    Forouhi, N. G.
    Ye, Z.
    Buijsse, B.
    Arriola, L.
    Balkau, B.
    Barricarte, A.
    Beulens, J. W. J.
    Boeing, H.
    Buchner, F. L.
    Dahm, C. C.
    de Lauzon-Guillain, B.
    Fagherazzi, G.
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin.
    Gonzalez, C.
    Grioni, S.
    Kaaks, R.
    Key, T. J.
    Masala, G.
    Navarro, C.
    Nilsson, P.
    Overvad, K.
    Panico, S.
    Ramon Quiros, J.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Roswall, N.
    Sacerdote, C.
    Sanchez, M-J
    Slimani, N.
    Sluijs, I.
    Spijkerman, A. M. W.
    Teucher, B.
    Tjonneland, A.
    Tumino, R.
    Sharp, S. J.
    Langenberg, C.
    Feskens, E. J. M.
    Riboli, E.
    Wareham, N. J.
    Fruit and vegetable intake and type 2 diabetes: EPIC-InterAct prospective study and meta-analysis2012Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0954-3007, E-ISSN 1476-5640, Vol. 66, nr 10, s. 1082-1092Artikel, forskningsöversikt (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Fruit and vegetable intake (FVI) may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the epidemiological evidence is inconclusive. The aim of this study is to examine the prospective association of FVI with T2D and conduct an updated meta-analysis. In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer-InterAct (EPIC-InterAct) prospective case-cohort study nested within eight European countries, a representative sample of 16 154 participants and 12 403 incident cases of T2D were identified from 340 234 individuals with 3.99 million person-years of follow-up. For the meta-analysis we identified prospective studies on FVI and T2D risk by systematic searches of MEDLINE and EMBASE until April 2011. In EPIC-InterAct, estimated FVI by dietary questionnaires varied more than twofold between countries. In adjusted analyses the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) comparing the highest with lowest quartile of reported intake was 0.90 (0.80-1.01) for FVI; 0.89 (0.76-1.04) for fruit and 0.94 (0.84-1.05) for vegetables. Among FV subtypes, only root vegetables were inversely associated with diabetes 0.87 (0.77-0.99). In meta-analysis using pooled data from five studies including EPIC-InterAct, comparing the highest with lowest category for FVI was associated with a lower relative risk of diabetes (0.93 (0.87-1.00)). Fruit or vegetables separately were not associated with diabetes. Among FV subtypes, only green leafy vegetable (GLV) intake (relative risk: 0.84 (0.74-0.94)) was inversely associated with diabetes. Subtypes of vegetables, such as root vegetables or GLVs may be beneficial for the prevention of diabetes, while total FVI may exert a weaker overall effect.

  • 23. Dahlin, L. B.
    et al.
    Granberg, V.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin.
    Rosen, I.
    Dahlin, E.
    Sundkvist, G.
    Disturbed vibrotactile sense in finger pulps in patients with Type 1 diabetes-correlations with glycaemic level, clinical examination and electrophysiology2011Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine, ISSN 0742-3071, E-ISSN 1464-5491, Vol. 28, nr 9, s. 1045-1052Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims In a cohort of men and women with Type 1 diabetes, prospectively followed for > 20 years, vibrotactile sense in fingers was investigated and related to neurophysiological tests, glycaemic level and clinical score. Methods Out of 58 patients, diagnosed at the age of 15-25 years and recruited 1984-1985, 32 patients (13 women, median age 52 years, range 44-75 years; 19 men, median age 52 years, range 39-69 years; median duration 33.5 years, range 21-52 years) accepted follow-up in 2006. Vibration thresholds were measured in finger pulps of index and little fingers bilaterally at seven frequencies and related to results of touch (monofilaments), tactile discrimination (two-point discrimination test), electrophysiology (median nerve function), glycaemic level (HbA(1c) levels since 1984-1985) and a clinical score. Results Vibrotactile sense was reduced in finger pulps, mainly in men, compared with an age-and gender-matched healthy control group with normal HbA(1c). Vibration thresholds were increased, particularly at 250 and 500 Hz, in both index and little finger pulps. Touch and tactile discrimination correlated with vibration thresholds, but not with each other or with electrophysiology. HbA(1c) levels (at follow-up or mean values from five follow-ups since recruitment) did not correlate with any nerve function variables. Clinical scores correlated with vibrotactile sense, particularly at higher frequencies (> 125 Hz), but not with total Z-scores of electrophysiology. Duration of disease did not correlate with any variables. Conclusions Examination of vibration thresholds in index and little finger pulps may be valuable to detect neuropathy, where thresholds correlate with symptoms and tests.

  • 24.
    Daka, Bledar
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Svensson, Maria K
    Lernmark, Åke
    Mincheva-Nilsson, Lucia
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk mikrobiologi, Klinisk immunologi.
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Näringsforskning.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Low agreement between radio binding assays in analyzing glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65Ab) autoantibodies in patients classified with type 2 diabetes.2009Ingår i: Autoimmunity, ISSN 0891-6934, E-ISSN 1607-842X, Vol. 42, nr 6, s. 507-514Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Autoantibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65Ab) are used in the classification of diabetes in adults. We assessed the concordance in GAD65 autoantibody levels within subjects between three different GAD65Ab radio binding assays (RBA). Plasma samples from 112 diabetes patients (median age 50 years) initially classified with type 2 diabetes was randomly selected from a local diabetes registry. Coded samples were analyzed with two RBA employing (35)S-labeled GAD65. The first used the pEx9 plasmid (pEx9 RBA), the second employed the pThGAD65 plasmid (pThGAD65 RBA) to label GAD65 by in vitro transcription translation. We also used a commercial kit employing plasmid pGAD17 labelled with (125)I (pGAD17 RBA). Subsequent analyses followed standard procedures. Two different cut-offs for GAD65Ab positivity were used in all three assays. We calculated the correlation, concordance, and agreement between the assays. The proportion of GAD65Ab positivity differed between assays when low cut-offs were used (pEx9 RBA 25%, pThGAD65 RBA 17.9%, and pGAD17 RBA 12.5%, respectively). When high cut-offs were applied, the concordance between the pEx9 RBA and the pThGAD65 RBA was 97.3 while their concordance to the pGAD17 RBA was lower (88.4 and 87.4, respectively). There was a low agreement between both pEx9 RBA and pGAD17 RBA (0.45, 95% CI 0.20-0.70) and between pThGAD65 RBA and pGAD17 RBA (0.43, 95% CI 0.18-0.68). We found discrepancies in determining the GAD65Ab positivity, which constitutes a problem when GAD65Ab are used clinically. Further methodological GAD65Ab assays studies are warranted.

  • 25.
    Danquah, Ina
    et al.
    Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
    Mank, Isabel
    Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany; German Institute for Development Evaluation (DEval), Bonn, Germany.
    Hampe, Christiane S.
    Department of Medicine, University of Washington, WA, Seattle, United States.
    Meeks, Karlijn A. C.
    Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, MD, Bethesda, United States; Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    Agyemang, Charles
    Department of Public Health, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
    Owusu-Dabo, Ellis
    Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, Ghana.
    Smeeth, Liam
    London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, United Kingdom.
    Klipstein-Grobusch, Kerstin
    Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
    Bahendeka, Silver
    MKPGMS-Uganda Martyrs University, Kampala, Uganda.
    Spranger, Joachim
    Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
    Mockenhaupt, Frank P.
    Institute of Tropical Medicine and International Health, Charité - Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitaet Berlin, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.
    Schulze, Matthias B.
    Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany; Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Subgroups of adult-onset diabetes: a data-driven cluster analysis in a Ghanaian population2023Ingår i: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 13, nr 1, artikel-id 10756Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Adult-onset diabetes mellitus (here: aDM) is not a uniform disease entity. In European populations, five diabetes subgroups have been identified by cluster analysis using simple clinical variables; these may elucidate diabetes aetiology and disease prognosis. We aimed at reproducing these subgroups among Ghanaians with aDM, and establishing their importance for diabetic complications in different health system contexts. We used data of 541 Ghanaians with aDM (age: 25–70 years; male sex: 44%) from the multi-center, cross-sectional Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants (RODAM) Study. Adult-onset DM was defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥ 7.0 mmol/L, documented use of glucose-lowering medication or self-reported diabetes, and age of onset ≥ 18 years. We derived subgroups by cluster analysis using (i) a previously published set of variables: age at diabetes onset, HbA1c, body mass index, HOMA-beta, HOMA-IR, positivity of glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GAD65Ab), and (ii) Ghana-specific variables: age at onset, waist circumference, FPG, and fasting insulin. For each subgroup, we calculated the clinical, treatment-related and morphometric characteristics, and the proportions of objectively measured and self-reported diabetic complications. We reproduced the five subgroups: cluster 1 (obesity-related, 73%) and cluster 5 (insulin-resistant, 5%) with no dominant diabetic complication patterns; cluster 2 (age-related, 10%) characterized by the highest proportions of coronary artery disease (CAD, 18%) and stroke (13%); cluster 3 (autoimmune-related, 5%) showing the highest proportions of kidney dysfunction (40%) and peripheral artery disease (PAD, 14%); and cluster 4 (insulin-deficient, 7%) characterized by the highest proportion of retinopathy (14%). The second approach yielded four subgroups: obesity- and age-related (68%) characterized by the highest proportion of CAD (9%); body fat-related and insulin-resistant (18%) showing the highest proportions of PAD (6%) and stroke (5%); malnutrition-related (8%) exhibiting the lowest mean waist circumference and the highest proportion of retinopathy (20%); and ketosis-prone (6%) with the highest proportion of kidney dysfunction (30%) and urinary ketones (6%). With the same set of clinical variables, the previously published aDM subgroups can largely be reproduced by cluster analysis in this Ghanaian population. This method may generate in-depth understanding of the aetiology and prognosis of aDM, particularly when choosing variables that are clinically relevant for the target population.

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  • 26. de Mello, Vanessa D.
    et al.
    Paananen, Jussi
    Lindström, Jaana
    Lankinen, Maria A.
    Shi, Lin
    Kuusisto, Johanna
    Pihlajamäki, Jussi
    Auriola, Seppo
    Lehtonen, Marko
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Bergdahl, Ingvar A.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Enheten för biobanksforskning.
    Nordin, Elise
    Ilanne-Parikka, Pirjo
    Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka
    Landberg, Rikard
    Eriksson, Johan G.
    Tuomilehto, Jaakko
    Hanhineva, Kati
    Uusitupa, Matti
    Indolepropionic acid and novel lipid metabolites are associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study2017Ingår i: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 7, artikel-id 46337Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Wide-scale profiling technologies including metabolomics broaden the possibility of novel discoveries related to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D). By applying non-targeted metabolomics approach, we investigated here whether serum metabolite profile predicts T2D in a well-characterized study population with impaired glucose tolerance by examining two groups of individuals who took part in the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study (DPS); those who either early developed T2D (n = 96) or did not convert to T2D within the 15-year follow-up (n = 104). Several novel metabolites were associated with lower likelihood of developing T2D, including indole and lipid related metabolites. Higher indolepropionic acid was associated with reduced likelihood of T2D in the DPS. Interestingly, in those who remained free of T2D, indolepropionic acid and various lipid species were associated with better insulin secretion and sensitivity, respectively. Furthermore, these metabolites were negatively correlated with low-grade inflammation. We replicated the association between indolepropionic acid and T2D risk in one Finnish and one Swedish population. We suggest that indolepropionic acid, a gut microbiota-produced metabolite, is a potential biomarker for the development of T2D that may mediate its protective effect by preservation of alpha-cell function. Novel lipid metabolites associated with T2D may exert their effects partly through enhancing insulin sensitivity.

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  • 27. Donat-Vargas, Carolina
    et al.
    Bergdahl, Ingvar
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Yrkes- och miljömedicin.
    Tornevi, Andreas
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Yrkes- och miljömedicin.
    Wennberg, Maria
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Näringsforskning.
    Sommar, Johan
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Yrkes- och miljömedicin.
    Kiviranta, Hannu
    Koponen, Jani
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Akesson, Agneta
    Perfluoroalkyl substances and risk of type II diabetes: A prospective nested case-control study2019Ingår i: Environment International, ISSN 0160-4120, E-ISSN 1873-6750, Vol. 123, s. 390-398Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have drawn much attention due to bioaccumulation potential and their current omnipresence in human blood. We assessed whether plasma PFAS, suspected to induce endocrine-disrupting effects, were prospectively associated with clinical type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk.

    Methods: We established a nested case-control study within the Swedish prospective population-based Västerbotten Intervention Programme cohort. Several PFAS were measured in plasma from a subset of 124 case-control pairs at baseline (during 1990–2003) and at 10-year follow-up. T2D cases were matched (1:1) according to gender, age and sample date with participants without T2D (controls).

    Conditional logistic regressions were used to prospectively assess risk of T2D by baseline PFAS plasma concentrations. Associations between long-term PFAS plasma levels (mean of baseline and follow-up) and insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) and beta-cell function (HOMA2-B%) at follow-up were prospectively explored among 178 and 181 controls, respectively, by multivariable linear regressions.

    Results: After adjusting for gender, age, sample year, diet and body mass index, the odds ratio of T2D for the sum of PFAS (Σ z-score PFAS) was 0.52 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.20, 1.36), comparing third with first tertile; and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.84, 1.00) per one standard deviation increment of sum of log-transformed PFAS. Among the controls, the adjusted β of HOMA2-IR and HOMA-B% for the sum of PFAS were −0.26 (95% CI: −0.52, −0.01) and −9.61 (95% CI: −22.60, 3.39) respectively comparing third with first tertile.

    Conclusions: This prospective nested case-control study yielded overall inverse associations between individual PFAS and risk of T2D, although mostly non-significant. Among participants without T2D, long-term PFAS exposure was prospectively associated with lower insulin resistance.

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  • 28. Drogan, Dagmar
    et al.
    Dunn, Warwick B.
    Lin, Wanchang
    Buijsse, Brian
    Schulze, Matthias B.
    Langenberg, Claudia
    Brown, Marie
    Floegel, Anna
    Dietrich, Stefan
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Wedge, David C.
    Goodacre, Royston
    Forouhi, Nita G.
    Sharp, Stephen J.
    Spranger, Joachim
    Wareham, Nick J.
    Boeing, Heiner
    Untargeted Metabolic Profiling Identifies Altered Serum Metabolites of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Prospective, Nested Case Control Study2015Ingår i: Clinical Chemistry, ISSN 0009-9147, E-ISSN 1530-8561, Vol. 61, nr 3, s. 487-497Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND:

    Application of metabolite profiling could expand the etiological knowledge of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). However, few prospective studies apply broad untargeted metabolite profiling to reveal the comprehensive metabolic alterations preceding the onset of T2D. METHODS: We applied untargeted metabolite profiling in serum samples obtained from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam cohort comprising 300 individuals who developed T2D after a median follow-up time of 6 years and 300 matched controls. For that purpose, we used ultraperformance LC-MS with a protocol specifically designed for large-scale metabolomics studies with regard to robustness and repeatability. After multivariate classification to select metabolites with the strongest contribution to disease classification, we applied multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression to assess the association of these metabolites with T2D.

    RESULTS: Among several alterations in lipid metabolism, there was an inverse association with T2D for metabolites chemically annotated as lysophosphatidylcholine(dm16:0) and phosphatidylcholine(O-20:0/O-20:0). Hexose sugars were positively associated with T2D, whereas higher concentrations of a sugar alcohol and a deoxyhexose sugar reduced the odds of diabetes by approximately 60% and 70%, respectively. Furthermore, there was suggestive evidence for a positive association of the circulating purine nucleotide isopentenyladenosine-5' -monophosphate with incident T2D.

    CONCLUSIONS: This study constitutes one of the largest metabolite profiling approaches of T2D biomarkers in a prospective study population. The findings might help generate new hypotheses about diabetes etiology and develop further targeted studies of a smaller number of potentially important metabolites. (C) 2014 American Association for Clinical Chemistry

  • 29. Dupuis, Josée
    et al.
    Langenberg, Claudia
    Prokopenko, Inga
    Saxena, Richa
    Soranzo, Nicole
    Jackson, Anne U
    Wheeler, Eleanor
    Glazer, Nicole L
    Bouatia-Naji, Nabila
    Gloyn, Anna L
    Lindgren, Cecilia M
    Mägi, Reedik
    Morris, Andrew P
    Randall, Joshua
    Johnson, Toby
    Elliott, Paul
    Rybin, Denis
    Thorleifsson, Gudmar
    Steinthorsdottir, Valgerdur
    Henneman, Peter
    Grallert, Harald
    Dehghan, Abbas
    Hottenga, Jouke Jan
    Franklin, Christopher S
    Navarro, Pau
    Song, Kijoung
    Goel, Anuj
    Perry, John R B
    Egan, Josephine M
    Lajunen, Taina
    Grarup, Niels
    Sparsø, Thomas
    Doney, Alex
    Voight, Benjamin F
    Stringham, Heather M
    Li, Man
    Kanoni, Stavroula
    Shrader, Peter
    Cavalcanti-Proença, Christine
    Kumari, Meena
    Qi, Lu
    Timpson, Nicholas J
    Gieger, Christian
    Zabena, Carina
    Rocheleau, Ghislain
    Ingelsson, Erik
    An, Ping
    O'Connell, Jeffrey
    Luan, Jian'an
    Elliott, Amanda
    McCarroll, Steven A
    Payne, Felicity
    Roccasecca, Rosa Maria
    Pattou, François
    Sethupathy, Praveen
    Ardlie, Kristin
    Ariyurek, Yavuz
    Balkau, Beverley
    Barter, Philip
    Beilby, John P
    Ben-Shlomo, Yoav
    Benediktsson, Rafn
    Bennett, Amanda J
    Bergmann, Sven
    Bochud, Murielle
    Boerwinkle, Eric
    Bonnefond, Amélie
    Bonnycastle, Lori L
    Borch-Johnsen, Knut
    Böttcher, Yvonne
    Brunner, Eric
    Bumpstead, Suzannah J
    Charpentier, Guillaume
    Chen, Yii-Der Ida
    Chines, Peter
    Clarke, Robert
    Coin, Lachlan J M
    Cooper, Matthew N
    Cornelis, Marilyn
    Crawford, Gabe
    Crisponi, Laura
    Day, Ian N M
    de Geus, Eco J C
    Delplanque, Jerome
    Dina, Christian
    Erdos, Michael R
    Fedson, Annette C
    Fischer-Rosinsky, Antje
    Forouhi, Nita G
    Fox, Caroline S
    Frants, Rune
    Franzosi, Maria Grazia
    Galan, Pilar
    Goodarzi, Mark O
    Graessler, Jürgen
    Groves, Christopher J
    Grundy, Scott
    Gwilliam, Rhian
    Gyllensten, Ulf
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Näringsforskning.
    Hadjadj, Samy
    Hammond, Naomi
    Han, Xijing
    Hartikainen, Anna-Liisa
    Hassanali, Neelam
    Hayward, Caroline
    Heath, Simon C
    Hercberg, Serge
    Herder, Christian
    Hicks, Andrew A
    Hillman, David R
    Hingorani, Aroon D
    Hofman, Albert
    Hui, Jennie
    Hung, Joe
    Isomaa, Bo
    Johnson, Paul R V
    Jørgensen, Torben
    Jula, Antti
    Kaakinen, Marika
    Kaprio, Jaakko
    Kesaniemi, Y Antero
    Kivimaki, Mika
    Knight, Beatrice
    Koskinen, Seppo
    Kovacs, Peter
    Kyvik, Kirsten Ohm
    Lathrop, G Mark
    Lawlor, Debbie A
    Le Bacquer, Olivier
    Lecoeur, Cécile
    Li, Yun
    Lyssenko, Valeriya
    Mahley, Robert
    Mangino, Massimo
    Manning, Alisa K
    Martínez-Larrad, María Teresa
    McAteer, Jarred B
    McCulloch, Laura J
    McPherson, Ruth
    Meisinger, Christa
    Melzer, David
    Meyre, David
    Mitchell, Braxton D
    Morken, Mario A
    Mukherjee, Sutapa
    Naitza, Silvia
    Narisu, Narisu
    Neville, Matthew J
    Oostra, Ben A
    Orrù, Marco
    Pakyz, Ruth
    Palmer, Colin N A
    Paolisso, Giuseppe
    Pattaro, Cristian
    Pearson, Daniel
    Peden, John F
    Pedersen, Nancy L
    Perola, Markus
    Pfeiffer, Andreas F H
    Pichler, Irene
    Polasek, Ozren
    Posthuma, Danielle
    Potter, Simon C
    Pouta, Anneli
    Province, Michael A
    Psaty, Bruce M
    Rathmann, Wolfgang
    Rayner, Nigel W
    Rice, Kenneth
    Ripatti, Samuli
    Rivadeneira, Fernando
    Roden, Michael
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Sandbaek, Annelli
    Sandhu, Manjinder
    Sanna, Serena
    Sayer, Avan Aihie
    Scheet, Paul
    Scott, Laura J
    Seedorf, Udo
    Sharp, Stephen J
    Shields, Beverley
    Sigurethsson, Gunnar
    Sijbrands, Eric J G
    Silveira, Angela
    Simpson, Laila
    Singleton, Andrew
    Smith, Nicholas L
    Sovio, Ulla
    Swift, Amy
    Syddall, Holly
    Syvänen, Ann-Christine
    Tanaka, Toshiko
    Thorand, Barbara
    Tichet, Jean
    Tönjes, Anke
    Tuomi, Tiinamaija
    Uitterlinden, André G
    van Dijk, Ko Willems
    van Hoek, Mandy
    Varma, Dhiraj
    Visvikis-Siest, Sophie
    Vitart, Veronique
    Vogelzangs, Nicole
    Waeber, Gérard
    Wagner, Peter J
    Walley, Andrew
    Walters, G Bragi
    Ward, Kim L
    Watkins, Hugh
    Weedon, Michael N
    Wild, Sarah H
    Willemsen, Gonneke
    Witteman, Jaqueline C M
    Yarnell, John W G
    Zeggini, Eleftheria
    Zelenika, Diana
    Zethelius, Björn
    Zhai, Guangju
    Zhao, Jing Hua
    Zillikens, M Carola
    Borecki, Ingrid B
    Loos, Ruth J F
    Meneton, Pierre
    Magnusson, Patrik K E
    Nathan, David M
    Williams, Gordon H
    Hattersley, Andrew T
    Silander, Kaisa
    Salomaa, Veikko
    Smith, George Davey
    Bornstein, Stefan R
    Schwarz, Peter
    Spranger, Joachim
    Karpe, Fredrik
    Shuldiner, Alan R
    Cooper, Cyrus
    Dedoussis, George V
    Serrano-Ríos, Manuel
    Morris, Andrew D
    Lind, Lars
    Palmer, Lyle J
    Hu, Frank B
    Franks, Paul W
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin.
    Ebrahim, Shah
    Marmot, Michael
    Kao, W H Linda
    Pankow, James S
    Sampson, Michael J
    Kuusisto, Johanna
    Laakso, Markku
    Hansen, Torben
    Pedersen, Oluf
    Pramstaller, Peter Paul
    Wichmann, H Erich
    Illig, Thomas
    Rudan, Igor
    Wright, Alan F
    Stumvoll, Michael
    Campbell, Harry
    Wilson, James F
    Bergman, Richard N
    Buchanan, Thomas A
    Collins, Francis S
    Mohlke, Karen L
    Tuomilehto, Jaakko
    Valle, Timo T
    Altshuler, David
    Rotter, Jerome I
    Siscovick, David S
    Penninx, Brenda W J H
    Boomsma, Dorret I
    Deloukas, Panos
    Spector, Timothy D
    Frayling, Timothy M
    Ferrucci, Luigi
    Kong, Augustine
    Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur
    Stefansson, Kari
    van Duijn, Cornelia M
    Aulchenko, Yurii S
    Cao, Antonio
    Scuteri, Angelo
    Schlessinger, David
    Uda, Manuela
    Ruokonen, Aimo
    Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta
    Waterworth, Dawn M
    Vollenweider, Peter
    Peltonen, Leena
    Mooser, Vincent
    Abecasis, Goncalo R
    Wareham, Nicholas J
    Sladek, Robert
    Froguel, Philippe
    Watanabe, Richard M
    Meigs, James B
    Groop, Leif
    Boehnke, Michael
    McCarthy, Mark I
    Florez, Jose C
    Barroso, Inês
    New genetic loci implicated in fasting glucose homeostasis and their impact on type 2 diabetes risk2010Ingår i: Nature Genetics, ISSN 1061-4036, E-ISSN 1546-1718, Vol. 42, nr 2, s. 105-116Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Levels of circulating glucose are tightly regulated. To identify new loci influencing glycemic traits, we performed meta-analyses of 21 genome-wide association studies informative for fasting glucose, fasting insulin and indices of beta-cell function (HOMA-B) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in up to 46,186 nondiabetic participants. Follow-up of 25 loci in up to 76,558 additional subjects identified 16 loci associated with fasting glucose and HOMA-B and two loci associated with fasting insulin and HOMA-IR. These include nine loci newly associated with fasting glucose (in or near ADCY5, MADD, ADRA2A, CRY2, FADS1, GLIS3, SLC2A2, PROX1 and C2CD4B) and one influencing fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (near IGF1). We also demonstrated association of ADCY5, PROX1, GCK, GCKR and DGKB-TMEM195 with type 2 diabetes. Within these loci, likely biological candidate genes influence signal transduction, cell proliferation, development, glucose-sensing and circadian regulation. Our results demonstrate that genetic studies of glycemic traits can identify type 2 diabetes risk loci, as well as loci containing gene variants that are associated with a modest elevation in glucose levels but are not associated with overt diabetes.

  • 30. Ekelund, U.
    et al.
    Palla, L.
    Brage, S.
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin. Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Peters, T.
    Balkau, B.
    Diaz, M. J. T.
    Huerta, J. M.
    Agnoli, C.
    Arriola, L.
    Ardanaz, E.
    Boeing, H.
    Clavel-Chapelon, F.
    Crowe, F.
    Fagherazzi, G.
    Groop, L.
    Hainaut, P.
    Johnsen, N. Fons
    Kaaks, R.
    Khaw, K. T.
    Key, T. J.
    de Lauzon-Guillain, B.
    May, A.
    Monninkhof, E.
    Navarro, C.
    Nilsson, P.
    Ostergaard, J. Nautrup
    Norat, T.
    Overvad, K.
    Palli, D.
    Panico, S.
    Redondo, M. L.
    Ricceri, F.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Romaguera, D.
    Romieu, I.
    Sanchez Perez, M. J.
    Slimani, N.
    Spijkerman, A.
    Teucher, B.
    Tjonneland, A.
    Travier, N.
    Tumino, R.
    Vos, W.
    Vigl, M.
    Sharp, S.
    Langenberg, C.
    Forouhi, N.
    Riboli, E.
    Feskens, E.
    Wareham, N. J.
    Physical activity reduces the risk of incident type 2 diabetes in general and in abdominally lean and obese men and women: the EPIC-InterAct Study2012Ingår i: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 55, nr 7, s. 1944-1952Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    We examined the independent and combined associations of physical activity and obesity with incident type 2 diabetes in men and women. The InterAct case-cohort study consists of 12,403 incident type 2 diabetes cases and a randomly selected subcohort of 16,154 individuals, drawn from a total cohort of 340,234 participants with 3.99 million person-years of follow-up. Physical activity was assessed by a four-category index. Obesity was measured by BMI and waist circumference (WC). Associations between physical activity, obesity and case-ascertained incident type 2 diabetes were analysed by Cox regression after adjusting for educational level, smoking status, alcohol consumption and energy intake. In combined analyses, individuals were stratified according to physical activity level, BMI and WC. A one-category difference in physical activity (equivalent to approximately 460 and 365 kJ/day in men and women, respectively) was independently associated with a 13% (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.80, 0.94) and 7% (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89, 0.98) relative reduction in the risk of type 2 diabetes in men and women, respectively. Lower levels of physical activity were associated with an increased risk of diabetes across all strata of BMI. Comparing inactive with active individuals, the HRs were 1.44 (95% CI 1.11, 1.87) and 1.38 (95% CI 1.17, 1.62) in abdominally lean and obese inactive men, respectively, and 1.57 (95% CI 1.19, 2.07) and 1.19 (95% CI 1.01, 1.39) in abdominally lean and obese inactive women, respectively. Physical activity is associated with a reduction in the risk of developing type 2 diabetes across BMI categories in men and women, as well as in abdominally lean and obese men and women.

  • 31.
    Ekman, Linnéa
    et al.
    Department of Translational Medicine, Hand Surgery, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Pourhamidi, Kaveh
    Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Englund, Elisabet
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
    Lagali, Neil
    Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Dahlin, Lars B.
    Department of Translational Medicine, Hand Surgery, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Temporal trend of small nerve fibre degeneration in people with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus2022Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine, ISSN 0742-3071, E-ISSN 1464-5491, Vol. 39, nr 3, artikel-id e14691Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Aims: We investigated the long-term temporal trend of intraepidermal nerve fibre density (IENFD) and the association between changes in IENFD and metabolic factors in individuals with and without type 2 diabetes. Methods: A total of 66 participants were enrolled in this longitudinal population-based study, at baseline consisting of 35 individuals (median 61 years) without diabetes and 31 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Participants underwent clinical and electrophysiological examinations, as well as a skin biopsy both at baseline and at the follow-up visit (mean 8.1 ± 0.5 years). IENFD was assessed in thin sections of 5 μm, stained with the protein gene product 9.5-antibody and compared between the groups. Results: IENFD decreased during the period in both groups, with a greater decline in the group without diabetes than in type 2 diabetes (−2.3 and −0.6 fibres/mm respectively; p < 0.001). While IENFD at baseline was significantly reduced in type 2 diabetes relative to people without (p < 0.001), no difference in IENFD was found between groups at the follow-up (p = 0.183). Linear mixed model analysis indicated that age, weight and HbA1c were associated with decrease in IENFD in the total population (p < 0.007). IENFD also decreased with increasing age and weight, but not with HbA1c, in the separate groups (p < 0.049). Conclusions: Despite lower IENFD levels at baseline in type 2 diabetes, IENFD was equal between the groups at follow-up. A decrease in IENFD is to a limited extent affected by body weight, and HbA1c, but age seems to be the long-term determinant of IENFD in an elderly population.

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  • 32. Ekström, Nils
    et al.
    Cederholm, Jan
    Zethelius, Björn
    Eliasson, Björn
    Fhärm, Eva
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Miftaraj, Mervete
    Svensson, Ann-Marie
    Gudbjörnsdottir, Soffia
    Aspirin treatment and risk of first incident cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes: an observational study from the Swedish National Diabetes Register2013Ingår i: BMJ Open, E-ISSN 2044-6055, Vol. 3, nr 4, s. e002688-Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives To investigate the benefits and risks associated with aspirin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes and no previous cardiovascular disease (CVD) in clinical practice. Design Population-based cohort study between 2005 and 2009, mean follow-up 3.9years. Setting Hospital outpatient clinics and primary care in Sweden. Participants Men and women with type 2 diabetes, free from CVD, including atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure, at baseline, registered in the Swedish National Diabetes Register, with continuous low-dose aspirin treatment (n=4608) or no aspirin treatment (n=14038). Main outcome measures Risks of CVD, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, mortality and bleedings, associated with aspirin compared with no aspirin, were analysed in all patients and in subgroups by gender and estimated cardiovascular risk. Propensity scores were used to adjust for several baseline risk factors and characteristics at Cox regression, and the effect of unknown covariates was evaluated in a sensitivity analysis. Results There was no association between aspirin use and beneficial effects on risks of CVD or death. Rather, there was an increased risk of non-fatal/fatal CHD associated with aspirin; HR 1.19 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.41), p=0.04. The increased risk of cardiovascular outcomes associated with aspirin was seen when analysing women separately; HR 1.41 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.87), p=0.02, and HR 1.28 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.61), p=0.04, for CHD and CVD, respectively, but not for men separately. There was a trend towards increased risk of a composite of bleedings associated with aspirin, n=157; HR 1.41 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.99). Conclusions The results support the trend towards more restrictive use of aspirin in patients with type 2 diabetes and no previous CVD. More research is needed to explore the differences in aspirin's effects in women and men.

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  • 33. Elks, Cathy E.
    et al.
    Ong, Ken K.
    Scott, Robert A.
    van der Schouw, Yvonne T.
    Brand, Judith S.
    Wark, Petra A.
    Amiano, Pilar
    Balkau, Beverley
    Barricarte, Aurelio
    Boeing, Heiner
    Fonseca-Nunes, Ana
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin. Lunds universitet.
    Grioni, Sara
    Halkjaer, Jytte
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Key, Timothy J.
    Khaw, Kay Tee
    Mattiello, Amalia
    Nilsson, Peter M.
    Overvad, Kim
    Palli, Domenico
    Quiros, J. Ramon
    Rinaldi, Sabina
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Sanchez, Maria-Jose
    Spijkerman, Annemieke M. W.
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Tormo, Maria-Jose
    Tumino, Rosario
    Daphne, L. Van der A.
    Forouhi, Nita G.
    Sharp, Stephen J.
    Langenberg, Claudia
    Riboli, Elio
    Wareham, Nicholas J.
    Age at Menarche and Type 2 Diabetes Risk The EPIC-InterAct study2013Ingår i: Diabetes Care, ISSN 0149-5992, E-ISSN 1935-5548, Vol. 36, nr 11, s. 3526-3534Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE Younger age at menarche, a marker of pubertal timing in girls, is associated with higher risk of later type 2 diabetes. We aimed to confirm this association and to examine whether it is explained by adiposity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The prospective European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct case-cohort study consists of 12,403 incident type 2 diabetes cases and a stratified subcohort of 16,154 individuals from 26 research centers across eight European countries. We tested the association between age at menarche and incident type 2 diabetes using Prentice-weighted Cox regression in 15,168 women (n = 5,995 cases). Models were adjusted in a sequential manner for potential confounding and mediating factors, including adult BMI. RESULTS Mean menarcheal age ranged from 12.6 to 13.6 years across InterAct countries. Each year later menarche was associated with 0.32 kg/m(2) lower adult BMI. Women in the earliest menarche quintile (8-11 years, n = 2,418) had 70% higher incidence of type 2 diabetes compared with those in the middle quintile (13 years, n = 3,634), adjusting for age at recruitment, research center, and a range of lifestyle and reproductive factors (hazard ratio [HR], 1.70; 95% CI, 1.49-1.94; P < 0.001). Adjustment for BMI partially attenuated this association (HR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.18-1.71; P < 0.001). Later menarche beyond the median age was not protective against type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Women with history of early menarche have higher risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood. Less than half of this association appears to be mediated by higher adult BMI, suggesting that early pubertal development also may directly increase type 2 diabetes risk.

  • 34. Erzurumluoglu, A. Mesut
    et al.
    Liu, Mengzhen
    Jackson, Victoria E.
    Barnes, Daniel R.
    Datta, Gargi
    Melbourne, Carl A.
    Young, Robin
    Batini, Chiara
    Surendran, Praveen
    Jiang, Tao
    Adnan, Sheikh Daud
    Afaq, Saima
    Agrawal, Arpana
    Altmaier, Elisabeth
    Antoniou, Antonis C.
    Asselbergs, Folkert W.
    Baumbach, Clemens
    Bierut, Laura
    Bertelsen, Sarah
    Boehnke, Michael
    Bots, Michiel L
    Brazel, David M
    Chambers, John C
    Chang-Claude, Jenny
    Chen, Chu
    Corley, Janie
    Chou, Yi-Ling
    David, Sean P
    de Boer, Rudolf A
    de Leeuw, Christiaan A
    Dennis, Joe G
    Dominiczak, Anna F
    Dunning, Alison M
    Easton, Douglas F
    Eaton, Charles
    Elliott, Paul
    Evangelou, Evangelos
    Faul, Jessica D
    Foroud, Tatiana
    Goate, Alison
    Gong, Jian
    Grabe, Hans J
    Haessler, Jeff
    Haiman, Christopher
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Näringsforskning.
    Hammerschlag, Anke R
    Harris, Sarah E
    Hattersley, Andrew
    Heath, Andrew
    Hsu, Chris
    Iacono, William G
    Kanoni, Stavroula
    Kapoor, Manav
    Kaprio, Jaakko
    Kardia, Sharon L
    Karpe, Fredrik
    Kontto, Jukka
    Kooner, Jaspal S
    Kooperberg, Charles
    Kuulasmaa, Kari
    Laakso, Markku
    Lai, Dongbing
    Langenberg, Claudia
    Le, Nhung
    Lettre, Guillaume
    Loukola, Anu
    Luan, Jian'an
    Madden, Pamela A F
    Mangino, Massimo
    Marioni, Riccardo E
    Marouli, Eirini
    Marten, Jonathan
    Martin, Nicholas G
    McGue, Matt
    Michailidou, Kyriaki
    Mihailov, Evelin
    Moayyeri, Alireza
    Moitry, Marie
    Müller-Nurasyid, Martina
    Naheed, Aliya
    Nauck, Matthias
    Neville, Matthew J
    Nielsen, Sune Fallgaard
    North, Kari
    Perola, Markus
    Pharoah, Paul D P
    Pistis, Giorgio
    Polderman, Tinca J
    Posthuma, Danielle
    Poulter, Neil
    Qaiser, Beenish
    Rasheed, Asif
    Reiner, Alex
    Renstrom, Frida
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Enheten för biobanksforskning. Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University.
    Rice, John
    Rohde, Rebecca
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Samani, Nilesh J
    Samuel, Maria
    Schlessinger, David
    Scholte, Steven H
    Scott, Robert A
    Sever, Peter
    Shao, Yaming
    Shrine, Nick
    Smith, Jennifer A
    Starr, John M
    Stirrups, Kathleen
    Stram, Danielle
    Stringham, Heather M
    Tachmazidou, Ioanna
    Tardif, Jean-Claude
    Thompson, Deborah J
    Tindle, Hilary A
    Tragante, Vinicius
    Trompet, Stella
    Turcot, Valerie
    Tyrrell, Jessica
    Vaartjes, Ilonca
    van der Leij, Andries R
    van der Meer, Peter
    Varga, Tibor V
    Verweij, Niek
    Völzke, Henry
    Wareham, Nicholas J
    Warren, Helen R
    Weir, David R
    Weiss, Stefan
    Wetherill, Leah
    Yaghootkar, Hanieh
    Yavas, Ersin
    Jiang, Yu
    Chen, Fang
    Zhan, Xiaowei
    Zhang, Weihua
    Zhao, Wei
    Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania, PA, USA.
    Zhao, Wei
    Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
    Zhou, Kaixin
    Amouyel, Philippe
    Blankenberg, Stefan
    Caulfield, Mark J
    Chowdhury, Rajiv
    Cucca, Francesco
    Deary, Ian J
    Deloukas, Panos
    Di Angelantonio, Emanuele
    Ferrario, Marco
    Ferrières, Jean
    Franks, Paul W
    Frayling, Tim M
    Frossard, Philippe
    Hall, Ian P
    Hayward, Caroline
    Jansson, Jan-Håkan
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Avdelningen för medicin. Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Skellefteå Research Unit, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden..
    Jukema, J Wouter
    Kee, Frank
    Männistö, Satu
    Metspalu, Andres
    Munroe, Patricia B
    Nordestgaard, Børge Grønne
    Palmer, Colin N A
    Salomaa, Veikko
    Sattar, Naveed
    Spector, Timothy
    Strachan, David Peter
    van der Harst, Pim
    Zeggini, Eleftheria
    Saleheen, Danish
    Butterworth, Adam S
    Wain, Louise V
    Abecasis, Goncalo R
    Danesh, John
    Tobin, Martin D
    Vrieze, Scott
    Liu, Dajiang J
    Howson, Joanna M M
    Meta-analysis of up to 622,409 individuals identifies 40 novel smoking behaviour associated genetic loci2020Ingår i: Molecular Psychiatry, ISSN 1359-4184, E-ISSN 1476-5578, Vol. 25, nr 10, s. 2392-2409Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Smoking is a major heritable and modifiable risk factor for many diseases, including cancer, common respiratory disorders and cardiovascular diseases. Fourteen genetic loci have previously been associated with smoking behaviour-related traits. We tested up to 235,116 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) on the exome-array for association with smoking initiation, cigarettes per day, pack-years, and smoking cessation in a fixed effects meta-analysis of up to 61 studies (up to 346,813 participants). In a subset of 112,811 participants, a further one million SNVs were also genotyped and tested for association with the four smoking behaviour traits. SNV-trait associations with P < 5 × 10-8 in either analysis were taken forward for replication in up to 275,596 independent participants from UK Biobank. Lastly, a meta-analysis of the discovery and replication studies was performed. Sixteen SNVs were associated with at least one of the smoking behaviour traits (P < 5 × 10-8) in the discovery samples. Ten novel SNVs, including rs12616219 near TMEM182, were followed-up and five of them (rs462779 in REV3L, rs12780116 in CNNM2, rs1190736 in GPR101, rs11539157 in PJA1, and rs12616219 near TMEM182) replicated at a Bonferroni significance threshold (P < 4.5 × 10-3) with consistent direction of effect. A further 35 SNVs were associated with smoking behaviour traits in the discovery plus replication meta-analysis (up to 622,409 participants) including a rare SNV, rs150493199, in CCDC141 and two low-frequency SNVs in CEP350 and HDGFRP2. Functional follow-up implied that decreased expression of REV3L may lower the probability of smoking initiation. The novel loci will facilitate understanding the genetic aetiology of smoking behaviour and may lead to the identification of potential drug targets for smoking prevention and/or cessation.

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  • 35.
    Escher, Cecilia
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Sandström, Herbert
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    [Substantial blood glucose control differences at Swedish surgery departments. Common guidelines required]2006Ingår i: Lakartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, Vol. 103, nr 48, s. 3811-4Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 36. Fawcett, Katherine A
    et al.
    Wheeler, Eleanor
    Morris, Andrew P
    Ricketts, Sally L
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Näringsforskning.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Daly, Allan
    Wasson, Jon
    Permutt, Alan
    Hattersley, Andrew T
    Glaser, Benjamin
    Franks, Paul W
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin.
    McCarthy, Mark I
    Wareham, Nicholas J
    Sandhu, Manjinder S
    Barroso, Inês
    Detailed investigation of the role of common and low-frequency WFS1 variants in type 2 diabetes risk2010Ingår i: Diabetes, ISSN 0012-1797, E-ISSN 1939-327X, Vol. 59, nr 3, s. 741-746Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    We identified six highly correlated SNPs that show strong and comparable associations with risk of type 2 diabetes, but further refinement of these associations will require large sample sizes (>100,000) or studies in ethnically diverse populations. Low frequency variants in WFS1 are unlikely to have a large impact on type 2 diabetes risk in white U.K. populations, highlighting the complexities of undertaking association studies with low-frequency variants identified by resequencing.

  • 37. Feldman, Adina L.
    et al.
    Griffin, Simon J.
    Fhärm, Eva
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Norberg, Margareta
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Epidemiologi och global hälsa.
    Wennberg, Patrik
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Weinehall, Lars
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Epidemiologi och global hälsa.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Screening for type 2 diabetes: do screen-detected cases fare better?2017Ingår i: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 60, nr 11, s. 2200-2209Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We aimed to investigate whether diabetes cases detected through screening have better health outcomes than clinically detected cases in a population-based cohort of adults who were eligible to be screened for diabetes at 10 year intervals.

    METHODS: The Västerbotten Intervention Programme is a community- and individual-based public health programme in Västerbotten County, Sweden. Residents are invited to clinical examinations that include screening for diabetes by OGTTs at age 30, 40, 50 and 60 years (individuals eligible for screening, n = 142,037). Between 1992 and 2013, we identified 1024 screen-detected cases and 8642 clinically detected cases of diabetes using registry data. Clinically detected individuals were either prior screening participants (n = 4506) or people who did not participate in screening (non-participants, n = 4136). Study individuals with diabetes were followed from date of detection until end of follow-up, emigration, death or incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), renal disease or retinopathy event, and compared using Cox proportional hazard regression adjusted for calendar time, age at detection, year of detection, sex and socioeconomic status.

    RESULTS: The average age at diabetes diagnosis was 4.6 years lower for screen-detected individuals compared with clinically detected individuals. Overall, those who were clinically detected had worse health outcomes than those who were screen-detected (HR for all-cause mortality 2.07 [95% CI 1.63, 2.62]). Compared with screen-detected study individuals, all-cause mortality was higher for clinically detected individuals who were screening non-participants (HR 2.31 [95% CI 1.82, 2.94]) than for those clinically detected who were prior screening participants (HR 1.70 [95% CI 1.32, 2.18]). Estimates followed a similar pattern for CVD, renal disease and retinopathy.

    CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Individuals with screen-detected diabetes were diagnosed earlier and appeared to fare better than those who were clinically detected with regard to all-cause mortality, CVD, renal disease and retinopathy. How much of these associations can be explained by earlier treatment because of screening rather than healthy user bias, lead time bias and length time bias warrants further investigation.

  • 38.
    Feldman, Adina L
    et al.
    MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge.
    Long, Gráinne H
    MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge.
    Johansson, Ingegerd
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för odontologi.
    Weinehall, Lars
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Epidemiologi och global hälsa.
    Fhärm, Eva
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Wennberg, Patrik
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Norberg, Margareta
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Epidemiologi och global hälsa.
    Griffin, Simon J
    MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Change in lifestyle behaviors and diabetes risk: evidence from a population-based cohort study with 10 year follow-up2017Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, E-ISSN 1479-5868, Vol. 14, artikel-id 39Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Promoting positive changes in lifestyle behavior in the whole population may be a feasible and effective approach to reducing type 2 diabetes burden, but the impact of population shifts of modifiable risk factors remains unclear. Currently most of the evidence on modifiable lifestyle behavior and type 2 diabetes risk on a population level comes from studies of between-individual differences. The objective of the study was to investigate the association and potential impact on disease burden for within-individual change in lifestyle behavior and diabetes risk.

    METHODS: Population-based prospective cohort study of 35,680 participants aged 30-50 at baseline in 1990-2003 in Västerbotten County, Sweden (follow-up until 2013). Five self-reported modifiable lifestyle behaviors (tobacco use, physical activity, alcohol intake, dietary fiber intake and dietary fat intake) were measured at baseline and 10 year follow-up. Lifestyle behaviors were studied separately, and combined in a score. Incident diabetes was detected by oral glucose tolerance tests. Multivariate logistic regression models and population attributable fractions (PAF) were used to analyze the association between change in lifestyle behavior between baseline and 10 year follow-up, and risk of incident diabetes.

    RESULTS: Incident diabetes was detected in 1,184 (3.3%) participants at 10 year follow-up. There was a reduced diabetes risk associated with increase in dietary fiber intake, odds ratio (OR) 0.79 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.66, 0.96) for increase of at least one unit standard deviation (3.0 g/1,000 kcal) of the baseline distribution, PAF 16.0% (95% CI 4.2, 26.4%). Increase in the lifestyle behavior score was associated with reduced diabetes risk, OR 0.92 (95% CI 0.85, 0.99) per unit increase of the score.

    CONCLUSIONS: These results support a causal link between lifestyle behavior and type 2 diabetes incidence. A small shift in lifestyle behaviors, in particular intake of dietary fiber, has the potential to reduce diabetes burden in the population and might be a suitable target for public health intervention.

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  • 39.
    Fhärm, Eva
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Johansson, Eva E
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    ‘Aiming for the stars’—GPs’ dilemmas in the prevention of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes patients: focus group interviews2009Ingår i: Family Practice, ISSN 0263-2136, E-ISSN 1460-2229, nr 26, s. 109-114Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Studies have revealed low adherence to guidelines for treatment of diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors.

    Objective

    To explore general practitioners’ experiences regarding treatment practice in type 2 diabetes with specific focus on the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

    Methods

    Fourteen experienced general practitioners from nine health care centres with group practices were interviewed in focus groups. The interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed by qualitative content analysis.

    Results

    The overall theme was “dilemmas” in GPs´ treatment practice for type 2 diabetes patients. Five main dilemma categories were identified. First, the GPs were hesitant about labelling someone who feels healthy as ill. Secondly, regarding communicating a diabetes diagnosis and its consequences; should the patient be frightened or comforted? Thirdly, the GPs experienced uncertainty in their role; were they to take responsibility for the care or not? Fourthly, the GPs expressed a conflict between lifestyle changes and drug treatment. Fifthly, the GPs described difficulties in integrating science into reality.

    Conclusions

    The five dilemmas in the general practitioners’ approach to diabetes patients and the treatment of their cardiovascular risk were related to the GPs´ professional role and communication with the patient. To consider these dilemmas in educational efforts is probably essential to achieve improved diabetes care and guideline adherence. 

  • 40.
    Fhärm, Eva
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Weinehall, Lars
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Epidemiologi och folkhälsovetenskap.
    Guidelines improve general trend of lowered cholesterol levels in type 2 diabetes patients in spite of low adherence2008Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1403-4948, E-ISSN 1651-1905, Vol. 36, nr 1, s. 69-75Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 41.
    Fhärm, Eva
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Weinehall, Lars
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Epidemiologi och folkhälsovetenskap.
    Lower cholesterol levels among diabetes subjects increase in body mass index.2003Ingår i: 18th International Diabetes Federation Congress August 24-29 2003: Epidemiology - Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, 2003Konferensbidrag (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
  • 42. Flannick, Jason
    et al.
    Fuchsberger, Christian
    Mahajan, Anubha
    Teslovich, Tanya M.
    Agarwala, Vineeta
    Gaulton, Kyle J.
    Caulkins, Lizz
    Koesterer, Ryan
    Ma, Clement
    Moutsianas, Loukas
    McCarthy, Davis J.
    Rivas, Manuel A.
    Perry, John R. B.
    Sim, Xueling
    Blackwell, Thomas W.
    Robertson, Neil R.
    Rayner, N. William
    Cingolani, Pablo
    Locke, Adam E.
    Tajes, Juan Fernandez
    Highland, Heather M.
    Dupuis, Josee
    Chines, Peter S.
    Lindgren, Cecilia M.
    Hartl, Christopher
    Jackson, Anne U.
    Chen, Han
    Huyghe, Jeroen R.
    De Bunt, Martijn Van
    Pearson, Richard D.
    Kumar, Ashish
    Muller-Nurasyid, Martina
    Grarup, Niels
    Stringham, Heather M.
    Gamazon, Eric R.
    Lee, Jaehoon
    Chen, Yuhui
    Scott, Robert A.
    Below, Jennifer E.
    Chen, Peng
    Huang, Jinyan
    Go, Min Jin
    Stitzel, Michael L.
    Pasko, Dorota
    Parker, Stephen C. J.
    Varga, Tibor V.
    Green, Todd
    Beer, Nicola L.
    Day-Williams, Aaron G.
    Ferreira, Teresa
    Fingerlin, Tasha
    Horikoshi, Momoko
    Hu, Cheng
    Huh, Iksoo
    Ikram, Mohammad Kamran
    Kim, Bong-Jo
    Kim, Yongkang
    Kim, Young Jin
    Kwon, Min-Seok
    Lee, Juyoung
    Lee, Selyeong
    Lin, Keng-Han
    Maxwell, Taylor J.
    Nagai, Yoshihiko
    Wang, Xu
    Welch, Ryan P.
    Yoon, Joon
    Zhang, Weihua
    Barzilai, Nir
    Voight, Benjamin F.
    Han, Bok-Ghee
    Jenkinson, Christopher P.
    Kuulasmaa, Teemu
    Kuusisto, Johanna
    Manning, Alisa
    Ng, Maggie C. Y.
    Palmer, Nicholette D.
    Balkau, Beverley
    Stancakova, Alena
    Abboud, Hanna E.
    Boeing, Heiner
    Giedraitis, Vilmantas
    Prabhakaran, Dorairaj
    Gottesman, Omri
    Scott, James
    Carey, Jason
    Kwan, Phoenix
    Grant, George
    Smith, Joshua D.
    Neale, Benjamin M.
    Purcell, Shaun
    Butterworth, Adam S.
    Howson, Joanna M. M.
    Lee, Heung Man
    Lu, Yingchang
    Kwak, Soo-Heon
    Zhao, Wei
    Danesh, John
    Lam, Vincent K. L.
    Park, Kyong Soo
    Saleheen, Danish
    So, Wing Yee
    Tam, Claudia H. T.
    Afzal, Uzma
    Aguilar, David
    Arya, Rector
    Aung, Tin
    Chan, Edmund
    Navarro, Carmen
    Cheng, Ching-Yu
    Palli, Domenico
    Correa, Adolfo
    Curran, Joanne E.
    Rybin, Dennis
    Farook, Vidya S.
    Fowler, Sharon P.
    Freedman, Barry I.
    Griswold, Michael
    Hale, Daniel Esten
    Hicks, Pamela J.
    Khor, Chiea-Chuen
    Kumar, Satish
    Lehne, Benjamin
    Thuillier, Dorothee
    Lim, Wei Yen
    Liu, Jianjun
    Loh, Marie
    Musani, Solomon K.
    Puppala, Sobha
    Scott, William R.
    Yengo, Loic
    Tan, Sian-Tsung
    Taylor, Herman A.
    Thameem, Farook
    Wilson, Gregory
    Wong, Tien Yin
    Njolstad, Pal Rasmus
    Levy, Jonathan C.
    Mangino, Massimo
    Bonnycastle, Lori L.
    Schwarzmayr, Thomas
    Fadista, Joao
    Surdulescu, Gabriela L.
    Herder, Christian
    Groves, Christopher J.
    Wieland, Thomas
    Bork-Jensen, Jette
    Brandslund, Ivan
    Christensen, Cramer
    Koistinen, Heikki A.
    Doney, Alex S. F.
    Kinnunen, Leena
    Esko, Tonu
    Farmer, Andrew J.
    Hakaste, Liisa
    Hodgkiss, Dylan
    Kravic, Jasmina
    Lyssenko, Valeriya
    Hollensted, Mette
    Jorgensen, Marit E.
    Jorgensen, Torben
    Ladenvall, Claes
    Justesen, Johanne Marie
    Karajamaki, Annemari
    Kriebel, Jennifer
    Rathmann, Wolfgang
    Lannfelt, Lars
    Lauritzen, Torsten
    Narisu, Narisu
    Linneberg, Allan
    Melander, Olle
    Milani, Lili
    Neville, Matt
    Orho-Melander, Marju
    Qi, Lu
    Qi, Qibin
    Roden, Michael
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Swift, Amy
    Rosengren, Anders H.
    Stirrups, Kathleen
    Wood, Andrew R.
    Mihailov, Evelin
    Blancher, Christine
    Carneiro, Mauricio O.
    Maguire, Jared
    Poplin, Ryan
    Shakir, Khalid
    Fennell, Timothy
    DePristo, Mark
    De Angelis, Martin Hrabe
    Deloukas, Panos
    Gjesing, Anette P.
    Jun, Goo
    Nilsson, Peter M.
    Murphy, Jacquelyn
    Onofrio, Robert
    Thorand, Barbara
    Hansen, Torben
    Meisinger, Christa
    Hu, Frank B.
    Isomaa, Bo
    Karpe, Fredrik
    Liang, Liming
    Peters, Annette
    Huth, Cornelia
    O'Rahilly, Stephen P.
    Palmer, Colin N. A.
    Pedersen, Oluf
    Rauramaa, Rainer
    Tuomilehto, Jaakko
    Salomaa, Veikko
    Watanabe, Richard M.
    Syvanen, Ann-Christine
    Bergman, Richard N.
    Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan
    Bottinger, Erwin P.
    Cho, Yoon Shin
    Chandak, Giriraj R.
    Chan, Juliana Cn
    Chia, Kee Seng
    Daly, Mark J.
    Ebrahim, Shah B.
    Langenberg, Claudia
    Elliott, Paul
    Jablonski, Kathleen A.
    Lehman, Donna M.
    Jia, Weiping
    Ma, Ronald Cw
    Pollin, Toni I.
    Sandhu, Manjinder
    Tandon, Nikhil
    Froguel, Philippe
    Barroso, Ines
    Teo, Yik Ying
    Zeggini, Eleftheria
    Loos, Ruth J. F.
    Small, Kerrin S.
    Ried, Janina S.
    DeFronzo, Ralph A.
    Grallert, Harald
    Glaser, Benjamin
    Metspalu, Andres
    Wareham, Nicholas J.
    Walker, Mark
    Banks, Eric
    Gieger, Christian
    Ingelsson, Erik
    Im, Hae Kyung
    Illig, Thomas
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin.
    Buck, Gemma
    Trakalo, Joseph
    Buck, David
    Prokopenko, Inga
    Magi, Reedik
    Lind, Lars
    Farjoun, Yossi
    Owen, Katharine R.
    Gloyn, Anna L.
    Strauch, Konstantin
    Tuomi, Tiinamaija
    Kooner, Jaspal Singh
    Lee, Jong-Young
    Park, Taesung
    Donnelly, Peter
    Morris, Andrew D.
    Hattersley, Andrew T.
    Bowden, Donald W.
    Collins, Francis S.
    Atzmon, Gil
    Chambers, John C.
    Spector, Timothy D.
    Laakso, Markku
    Strom, Tim M.
    Bell, Graeme I.
    Blangero, John
    Duggirala, Ravindranath
    Tai, EShyong
    McVean, Gilean
    Hanis, Craig L.
    Wilson, James G.
    Seielstad, Mark
    Frayling, Timothy M.
    Meigs, James B.
    Cox, Nancy J.
    Sladek, Rob
    Lander, Eric S.
    Gabriel, Stacey
    Mohlke, Karen L.
    Meitinger, Thomas
    Groop, Leif
    Abecasis, Goncalo
    Scott, Laura J.
    Morris, Andrew P.
    Kang, Hyun Min
    Altshuler, David
    Burtt, Noel P.
    Florez, Jose C.
    Boehnke, Michael
    McCarthy, Mark I.
    Sequence data and association statistics from 12,940 type 2 diabetes cases and controls2017Ingår i: Scientific Data, E-ISSN 2052-4463, Vol. 4, artikel-id 170179Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    To investigate the genetic basis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) to high resolution, the GoT2D and T2D-GENES consortia catalogued variation from whole-genome sequencing of 2,657 European individuals and exome sequencing of 12,940 individuals of multiple ancestries. Over 27M SNPs, indels, and structural variants were identified, including 99% of low-frequency (minor allele frequency [MAF] 0.1-5%) non-coding variants in the whole-genome sequenced individuals and 99.7% of low-frequency coding variants in the whole-exome sequenced individuals. Each variant was tested for association with T2D in the sequenced individuals, and, to increase power, most were tested in larger numbers of individuals (> 80% of low-frequency coding variants in similar to 82 K Europeans via the exome chip, and similar to 90% of low-frequency non-coding variants in similar to 44 K Europeans via genotype imputation). The variants, genotypes, and association statistics from these analyses provide the largest reference to date of human genetic information relevant to T2D, for use in activities such as T2D-focused genotype imputation, functional characterization of variants or genes, and other novel analyses to detect associations between sequence variation and T2D.

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  • 43. Fontaine-Bisson, B
    et al.
    Renström, Frida
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Payne, F
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Näringsforskning.
    Barroso, I
    Franks, Paul W
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin.
    Evaluating the discriminative power of multi-trait genetic risk scores for type 2 diabetes in a northern Swedish population.2010Ingår i: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, E-ISSN 1432-0428, Vol. 53, nr 10, s. 2155-2162Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We determined whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) previously associated with diabetogenic traits improve the discriminative power of a type 2 diabetes genetic risk score. METHODS: Participants (n = 2,751) were genotyped for 73 SNPs previously associated with type 2 diabetes, fasting glucose/insulin concentrations, obesity or lipid levels, from which five genetic risk scores (one for each of the four traits and one combining all SNPs) were computed. Type 2 diabetes patients and non-diabetic controls (n = 1,327/1,424) were identified using medical records in addition to an independent oral glucose tolerance test. RESULTS: Model 1, including only SNPs associated with type 2 diabetes, had a discriminative power of 0.591 (p < 1.00 x 10(-20) vs null model) as estimated by the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC AUC). Model 2, including only fasting glucose/insulin SNPs, had a significantly higher discriminative power than the null model (ROC AUC 0.543; p = 9.38 x 10(-6) vs null model), but lower discriminative power than model 1 (p = 5.92 x 10(-5)). Model 3, with only lipid-associated SNPs, had significantly higher discriminative power than the null model (ROC AUC 0.565; p = 1.44 x 10(-9)) and was not statistically different from model 1 (p = 0.083). The ROC AUC of model 4, which included only obesity SNPs, was 0.557 (p = 2.30 x 10(-7) vs null model) and smaller than model 1 (p = 0.025). Finally, the model including all SNPs yielded a significant improvement in discriminative power compared with the null model (p < 1.0 x 10(-20)) and model 1 (p = 1.32 x 10(-5)); its ROC AUC was 0.626. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Adding SNPs previously associated with fasting glucose, insulin, lipids or obesity to a genetic risk score for type 2 diabetes significantly increases the power to discriminate between people with and without clinically manifest type 2 diabetes compared with a model including only conventional type 2 diabetes loci.

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  • 44. Forouhi, Nita G.
    et al.
    Imamura, Fumiaki
    Sharp, Stephen J.
    Koulman, Albert
    Schulze, Matthias B.
    Zheng, Jusheng
    Ye, Zheng
    Sluijs, Ivonne
    Guevara, Marcela
    Maria Huerta, Jose
    Kroeger, Janine
    Wang, Laura Yun
    Summerhill, Keith
    Griffin, Julian L.
    Feskens, Edith J. M.
    Affret, Aurelie
    Amiano, Pilar
    Boeing, Heiner
    Dow, Courtney
    Fagherazzi, Guy
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin. Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Gonzalez, Carlos
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Key, Timothy J.
    Khaw, Kay Tee
    Kuehn, Tilman
    Mortensen, Lotte Maxild
    Nilsson, Peter M.
    Overvad, Kim
    Pala, Valeria
    Palli, Domenico
    Panico, Salvatore
    Ramon Quiros, J.
    Rodriguez-Barranco, Miguel
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Scalbert, Augustin
    Slimani, Nadia
    Spijkerman, Annemieke M. W.
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Tormo, Maria-Jose
    Tumino, Rosario
    van der A, Daphne L.
    van der Schouw, Yvonne T.
    Langenberg, Claudia
    Riboli, Elio
    Wareham, Nicholas J.
    Association of Plasma Phospholipid n-3 and n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Type 2 Diabetes: The EPIC-InterAct Case-Cohort Study2016Ingår i: PLoS Medicine, ISSN 1549-1277, E-ISSN 1549-1676, Vol. 13, nr 7, artikel-id e1002094Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Whether and how n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are related to type 2 diabetes (T2D) is debated. Objectively measured plasma PUFAs can help to clarify these associations.

    Methods and Findings Plasma phospholipid PUFAs were measured by gas chromatography among 12,132 incident T2D cases and 15,919 subcohort participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct study across eight European countries. Country-specific hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Prentice-weighted Cox regression and pooled by random-effects meta-analysis. We also systematically reviewed published prospective studies on circulating PUFAs and T2D risk and pooled the quantitative evidence for comparison with results from EPIC-InterAct. In EPIC-InterAct, among long-chain n-3 PUFAs, a-linolenic acid (ALA) was inversely associated with T2D (HR per standard deviation [SD] 0.93; 95% CI 0.88-0.98), but eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were not significantly associated. Among n-6 PUFAs, linoleic acid (LA) (0.80; 95% CI 0.77-0.83) and eicosadienoic acid (EDA) (0.89; 95% CI 0.85-0.94) were inversely related, and arachidonic acid (AA) was not significantly associated, while significant positive associations were observed with.-linolenic acid (GLA), dihomo-GLA, docosatetraenoic acid (DTA), and docosapentaenoic acid (n6-DPA), with HRs between 1.13 to 1.46 per SD. These findings from EPIC-InterAct were broadly similar to comparative findings from summary estimates from up to nine studies including between 71 to 2,499 T2D cases. Limitations included potential residual confounding and the inability to distinguish between dietary and metabolic influences on plasma phospholipid PUFAs.

    Conclusions These large-scale findings suggest an important inverse association of circulating plant-origin n-3 PUFA (ALA) but no convincing association of marine-derived n3 PUFAs (EPA and DHA) with T2D. Moreover, they highlight that the most abundant n6-PUFA (LA) is inversely associated with T2D. The detection of associations with previously less well-investigated PUFAs points to the importance of considering individual fatty acids rather than focusing on fatty acid class.

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  • 45. Forouhi, Nita G.
    et al.
    Koulman, Albert
    Sharp, Stephen J.
    Imamura, Fumiaki
    Kroger, Janine
    Schulze, Matthias B.
    Crowe, Francesca L.
    Huerta, Jose Maria
    Guevara, Marcela
    Beulens, Joline W. J.
    van Woudenbergh, Geertruida J.
    Wang, Laura
    Summerhill, Keith
    Griffin, Julian L.
    Feskens, Edith J. M.
    Amiano, Pilar
    Boeing, Heiner
    Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise
    Dartois, Laureen
    Fagherazzi, Guy
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin. Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
    Gonzalez, Carlos
    Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Key, Timothy J.
    Khaw, Kay-Tee
    Kuhn, Tilman
    Mattiello, Amalia
    Nilsson, Peter M.
    Overvad, Kim
    Pala, Valeria
    Palli, Domenico
    Quiros, J. Ramon
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Roswall, Nina
    Sacerdote, Carlotta
    Sanchez, Mara-Jose
    Slimani, Nadia
    Spijkerman, Annemieke M. W.
    Tjonneland, Anne
    Tormo, Maria-Jose
    Tumino, Rosario
    van der A, Daphne L.
    van der Schouw, Yvonne T.
    Langenberg, Claudia
    Riboli, Elio
    Wareham, Nicholas J.
    Differences in the prospective association between individual plasma phospholipid saturated fatty acids and incident type 2 diabetes: the EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study2014Ingår i: LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY, ISSN 2213-8587, Vol. 2, nr 10, s. 810-818Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Conflicting evidence exists regarding the association between saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and type 2 diabetes. In this longitudinal case-cohort study, we aimed to investigate the prospective associations between objectively measured individual plasma phospholipid SFAs and incident type 2 diabetes in EPIC-InterAct participants. Methods The EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study includes 12 403 people with incident type 2 diabetes and a representative subcohort of 16 154 individuals who were selected from a cohort of 340 234 European participants with 3 . 99 million person-years of follow-up (the EPIC study). Incident type 2 diabetes was ascertained until Dec 31, 2007, by a review of several sources of evidence. Gas chromatography was used to measure the distribution of fatty acids in plasma phospholipids (mol%); samples from people with type 2 diabetes and subcohort participants were processed in a random order by centre, and laboratory staff were masked to participant characteristics. We estimated country-specific hazard ratios (HRs) for associations per SD of each SFA with incident type 2 diabetes using Prentice-weighted Cox regression, which is weighted for case-cohort sampling, and pooled our findings using random-effects meta-analysis. Findings SFAs accounted for 46% of total plasma phospholipid fatty acids. In adjusted analyses, different individual SFAs were associated with incident type 2 diabetes in opposing directions. Even-chain SFAs that were measured (14: 0 [myristic acid], 16: 0 [palmitic acid], and 18: 0 [stearic acid]) were positively associated with incident type 2 diabetes (HR [95% CI] per SD difference: myristic acid 1.15 [95% CI 1.09-1.22], palmitic acid 1.26 [1.15-1.37], and stearic acid 1.06 [1.00-1.13]). By contrast, measured odd-chain SFAs (15: 0 [pentadecanoic acid] and 17: 0 [heptadecanoic acid]) were inversely associated with incident type 2 diabetes (HR [95% CI] per 1 SD difference: 0.79 [0.73-0.85] for pentadecanoic acid and 0.67 [0.63-0.71] for heptadecanoic acid), as were measured longer-chain SFAs (20: 0 [arachidic acid], 22:0 [behenic acid], 23:0 [tricosanoic acid], and 24:0 [lignoceric acid]), with HRs ranging from 0.72 to 0.81 (95% CIs ranging between 0.61 and 0.92). Our findings were robust to a range of sensitivity analyses. Interpretation Different individual plasma phospholipid SFAs were associated with incident type 2 diabetes in opposite directions, which suggests that SFAs are not homogeneous in their effects. Our findings emphasise the importance of the recognition of subtypes of these fatty acids. An improved understanding of differences in sources of individual SFAs from dietary intake versus endogenous metabolism is needed.

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  • 46. Fourlanos, S
    et al.
    Dotta, F
    Greenbaum, C J
    Palmer, J P
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinsk fakultet, Folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Colman, P G
    Harrison, L C
    Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) should be less latent.2005Ingår i: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, Vol. 48, nr 11, s. 2206-12Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 47.
    Franks, Paul
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin. Medicin.
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Allmänmedicin.
    Debenham, S L
    Fawcett, K A
    Payne, F
    Dina, C
    Froguel, P
    Mohlke, K L
    Willer, C
    Olsson, Tommy
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin. Medicin.
    Wareham, N J
    Hallmans, Göran
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Näringsforskning.
    Barroso, I
    Sandhu, M S
    Replication of the association between variants in WFS1 and risk of type 2 diabetes in European populations.2008Ingår i: Diabetologia, ISSN 0012-186X, Vol. 51, nr 3, s. 458-63Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
  • 48. Freisling, Heinz
    et al.
    Viallon, Vivian
    Lennon, Hannah
    Bagnardi, Vincenzo
    Ricci, Cristian
    Butterworth, Adam S.
    Sweeting, Michael
    Muller, David
    Romieu, Isabelle
    Bazelle, Pauline
    Kvaskoff, Marina
    Arveux, Patrick
    Severi, Gianluca
    Bamia, Christina
    Kühn, Tilman
    Kaaks, Rudolf
    Bergmann, Manuela
    Boeing, Heiner
    Tjønneland, Anne
    Olsen, Anja
    Overvad, Kim
    Dahm, Christina C.
    Menéndez, Virginia
    Agudo, Antonio
    Sánchez, Maria-Jose
    Amiano, Pilar
    Santiuste, Carmen
    Gurrea, Aurelio Barricarte
    Tong, Tammy Y. N.
    Schmidt, Julie A.
    Tzoulaki, Ioanna
    Tsilidis, Konstantinos K.
    Ward, Heather
    Palli, Domenico
    Agnoli, Claudia
    Tumino, Rosario
    Ricceri, Fulvio
    Panico, Salvatore
    Picavet, H. Susan J.
    Bakker, Marije
    Monninkhof, Evelyn
    Nilsson, Peter
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Näringsforskning.
    Manjer, Jonas
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Thysell, Elin
    Weiderpass, Elisabete
    Jenab, Mazda
    Riboli, Elio
    Vineis, Paolo
    Danesh, John
    Wareham, Nick J.
    Gunter, Marc J.
    Ferrari, Pietro
    Lifestyle factors and risk of multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases: a multinational cohort study2020Ingår i: BMC Medicine, E-ISSN 1741-7015, Vol. 18, nr 1, artikel-id 5Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Although lifestyle factors have been studied in relation to individual non-communicable diseases (NCDs), their association with development of a subsequent NCD, defined as multimorbidity, has been scarcely investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between five lifestyle factors and incident multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases.

    METHODS: In this prospective cohort study, 291,778 participants (64% women) from seven European countries, mostly aged 43 to 58 years and free of cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) at recruitment, were included. Incident multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases was defined as developing subsequently two diseases including first cancer at any site, CVD, and T2D in an individual. Multi-state modelling based on Cox regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of developing cancer, CVD, or T2D, and subsequent transitions to multimorbidity, in relation to body mass index (BMI), smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and their combination as a healthy lifestyle index (HLI) score. Cumulative incidence functions (CIFs) were estimated to compute 10-year absolute risks for transitions from healthy to cancer at any site, CVD (both fatal and non-fatal), or T2D, and to subsequent multimorbidity after each of the three NCDs.

    RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 11 years, 1910 men and 1334 women developed multimorbidity of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases. A higher HLI, reflecting healthy lifestyles, was strongly inversely associated with multimorbidity, with hazard ratios per 3-unit increment of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.71 to 0.81), 0.84 (0.79 to 0.90), and 0.82 (0.77 to 0.88) after cancer, CVD, and T2D, respectively. After T2D, the 10-year absolute risks of multimorbidity were 40% and 25% for men and women, respectively, with unhealthy lifestyle, and 30% and 18% for men and women with healthy lifestyles.

    CONCLUSION: Pre-diagnostic healthy lifestyle behaviours were strongly inversely associated with the risk of cancer and cardiometabolic diseases, and with the prognosis of these diseases by reducing risk of multimorbidity.

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  • 49. Fuchsberger, Christian
    et al.
    Flannick, Jason
    Teslovich, Tanya M.
    Mahajan, Anubha
    Agarwala, Vineeta
    Gaulton, Kyle J.
    Ma, Clement
    Fontanillas, Pierre
    Moutsianas, Loukas
    McCarthy, Davis J.
    Rivas, Manuel A.
    Perry, John R. B.
    Sim, Xueling
    Blackwell, Thomas W.
    Robertson, Neil R.
    Rayner, N. William
    Cingolani, Pablo
    Locke, Adam E.
    Tajes, Juan Fernandez
    Highland, Heather M.
    Dupuis, Josee
    Chines, Peter S.
    Lindgren, Cecilia M.
    Hartl, Christopher
    Jackson, Anne U.
    Chen, Han
    Huyghe, Jeroen R.
    van de Bunt, Martijn
    Pearson, Richard D.
    Kumar, Ashish
    Mueller-Nurasyid, Martina
    Grarup, Niels
    Stringham, Heather M.
    Gamazon, Eric R.
    Lee, Jaehoon
    Chen, Yuhui
    Scott, Robert A.
    Below, Jennifer E.
    Chen, Peng
    Huang, Jinyan
    Go, Min Jin
    Stitzel, Michael L.
    Pasko, Dorota
    Parker, Stephen C. J.
    Varga, Tibor V.
    Green, Todd
    Beer, Nicola L.
    Day-Williams, Aaron G.
    Ferreira, Teresa
    Fingerlin, Tasha
    Horikoshi, Momoko
    Hu, Cheng
    Huh, Iksoo
    Ikram, Mohammad Kamran
    Kim, Bong-Jo
    Kim, Yongkang
    Kim, Young Jin
    Kwon, Min-Seok
    Lee, Juyoung
    Lee, Selyeong
    Lin, Keng-Han
    Maxwell, Taylor J.
    Nagai, Yoshihiko
    Wang, Xu
    Welch, Ryan P.
    Yoon, Joon
    Zhang, Weihua
    Barzilai, Nir
    Voight, Benjamin F.
    Han, Bok-Ghee
    Jenkinson, Christopher P.
    Kuulasmaa, Teemu
    Kuusisto, Johanna
    Manning, Alisa
    Ng, Maggie C. Y.
    Palmer, Nicholette D.
    Balkau, Beverley
    Stancakova, Alena
    Abboud, Hanna E.
    Boeing, Heiner
    Giedraitis, Vilmantas
    Prabhakaran, Dorairaj
    Gottesman, Omri
    Scott, James
    Carey, Jason
    Kwan, Phoenix
    Grant, George
    Smith, Joshua D.
    Neale, Benjamin M.
    Purcell, Shaun
    Butterworth, Adam S.
    Howson, Joanna M. M.
    Lee, Heung Man
    Lu, Yingchang
    Kwak, Soo-Heon
    Zhao, Wei
    Danesh, John
    Lam, Vincent K. L.
    Park, Kyong Soo
    Saleheen, Danish
    So, Wing Yee
    Tam, Claudia H. T.
    Afzal, Uzma
    Aguilar, David
    Arya, Rector
    Aung, Tin
    Chan, Edmund
    Navarro, Carmen
    Cheng, Ching-Yu
    Palli, Domenico
    Correa, Adolfo
    Curran, Joanne E.
    Rybin, Denis
    Farook, Vidya S.
    Fowler, Sharon P.
    Freedman, Barry I.
    Griswold, Michael
    Hale, Daniel Esten
    Hicks, Pamela J.
    Khor, Chiea-Chuen
    Kumar, Satish
    Lehne, Benjamin
    Thuillier, Dorothee
    Lim, Wei Yen
    Liu, Jianjun
    van der Schouw, Yvonne T.
    Loh, Marie
    Musani, Solomon K.
    Puppala, Sobha
    Scott, William R.
    Yengo, Loic
    Tan, Sian-Tsung
    Taylor, Herman A., Jr.
    Thameem, Farook
    Wilson, Gregory, Sr.
    Wong, Tien Yin
    Njolstad, Pal Rasmus
    Levy, Jonathan C.
    Mangino, Massimo
    Bonnycastle, Lori L.
    Schwarzmayr, Thomas
    Fadista, Joao
    Surdulescu, Gabriela L.
    Herder, Christian
    Groves, Christopher J.
    Wieland, Thomas
    Bork-Jensen, Jette
    Brandslund, Ivan
    Christensen, Cramer
    Koistinen, Heikki A.
    Doney, Alex S. F.
    Kinnunen, Leena
    Esko, Tonu
    Farmer, Andrew J.
    Hakaste, Liisa
    Hodgkiss, Dylan
    Kravic, Jasmina
    Lyssenko, Valeriya
    Hollensted, Mette
    Jorgensen, Marit E.
    Jorgensen, Torben
    Ladenvall, Claes
    Justesen, Johanne Marie
    Karajamaki, Annemari
    Kriebel, Jennifer
    Rathmann, Wolfgang
    Lannfelt, Lars
    Lauritzen, Torsten
    Narisu, Narisu
    Linneberg, Allan
    Melander, Olle
    Milani, Lili
    Neville, Matt
    Orho-Melander, Marju
    Qi, Lu
    Qi, Qibin
    Roden, Michael
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Swift, Amy
    Rosengren, Anders H.
    Stirrups, Kathleen
    Wood, Andrew R.
    Mihailov, Evelin
    Blancher, Christine
    Carneiro, Mauricio O.
    Maguire, Jared
    Poplin, Ryan
    Shakir, Khalid
    Fennell, Timothy
    DePristo, Mark
    de Angelis, Martin Hrabe
    Deloukas, Panos
    Gjesing, Anette P.
    Jun, Goo
    Nilsson, Peter
    Murphy, Jacquelyn
    Onofrio, Robert
    Thorand, Barbara
    Hansen, Torben
    Meisinger, Christa
    Hu, Frank B.
    Isomaa, Bo
    Karpe, Fredrik
    Liang, Liming
    Peters, Annette
    Huth, Cornelia
    O'Rahilly, Stephen P.
    Palmer, Colin N. A.
    Pedersen, Oluf
    Rauramaa, Rainer
    Tuomilehto, Jaakko
    Salomaa, Veikko
    Watanabe, Richard M.
    Syvanen, Ann-Christine
    Bergman, Richard N.
    Bharadwaj, Dwaipayan
    Bottinger, Erwin P.
    Cho, Yoon Shin
    Chandak, Giriraj R.
    Chan, Juliana C. N.
    Chia, Kee Seng
    Daly, Mark J.
    Ebrahim, Shah B.
    Langenberg, Claudia
    Elliott, Paul
    Jablonski, Kathleen A.
    Lehman, Donna M.
    Jia, Weiping
    Ma, Ronald C. W.
    Pollin, Toni I.
    Sandhu, Manjinder
    Tandon, Nikhil
    Froguel, Philippe
    Barroso, Ines
    Teo, Yik Ying
    Zeggini, Eleftheria
    Loos, Ruth J. F.
    Small, Kerrin S.
    Ried, Janina S.
    DeFronzo, Ralph A.
    Grallert, Harald
    Glaser, Benjamin
    Metspalu, Andres
    Wareham, Nicholas J.
    Walker, Mark
    Banks, Eric
    Gieger, Christian
    Ingelsson, Erik
    Im, Hae Kyung
    Illig, Thomas
    Franks, Paul W.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin. Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
    Buck, Gemma
    Trakalo, Joseph
    Buck, David
    Prokopenko, Inga
    Magi, Reedik
    Lind, Lars
    Farjoun, Yossi
    Owen, Katharine R.
    Gloyn, Anna L.
    Strauch, Konstantin
    Tuomi, Tiinamaija
    Kooner, Jaspal Singh
    Lee, Jong-Young
    Park, Taesung
    Donnelly, Peter
    Morris, Andrew D.
    Hattersley, Andrew T.
    Bowden, Donald W.
    Collins, Francis S.
    Atzmon, Gil
    Chambers, John C.
    Spector, Timothy D.
    Laakso, Markku
    Strom, Tim M.
    Bell, Graeme I.
    Blangero, John
    Duggirala, Ravindranath
    Tai, E. Shyong
    McVean, Gilean
    Hanis, Craig L.
    Wilson, James G.
    Seielstad, Mark
    Frayling, Timothy M.
    Meigs, James B.
    Cox, Nancy J.
    Sladek, Rob
    Lander, Eric S.
    Gabriel, Stacey
    Burtt, Noel P.
    Mohlke, Karen L.
    Meitinger, Thomas
    Groop, Leif
    Abecasis, Goncalo
    Florez, Jose C.
    Scott, Laura J.
    Morris, Andrew P.
    Kang, Hyun Min
    Boehnke, Michael
    Altshuler, David
    McCarthy, Mark I.
    The genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes2016Ingår i: Nature, ISSN 0028-0836, E-ISSN 1476-4687, Vol. 536, nr 7614, s. 41-47Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The genetic architecture of common traits, including the number, frequency, and effect sizes of inherited variants that contribute to individual risk, has been long debated. Genome-wide association studies have identified scores of common variants associated with type 2 diabetes, but in aggregate, these explain only a fraction of the heritability of this disease. Here, to test the hypothesis that lower-frequency variants explain much of the remainder, the GoT2D and T2D-GENES consortia performed whole-genome sequencing in 2,657 European individuals with and without diabetes, and exome sequencing in 12,940 individuals from five ancestry groups. To increase statistical power, we expanded the sample size via genotyping and imputation in a further 111,548 subjects. Variants associated with type 2 diabetes after sequencing were overwhelmingly common and most fell within regions previously identified by genome-wide association studies. Comprehensive enumeration of sequence variation is necessary to identify functional alleles that provide important clues to disease pathophysiology, but large-scale sequencing does not support the idea that lower-frequency variants have a major role in predisposition to type 2 diabetes.

  • 50.
    Hallmans, Göran
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Näringsforskning.
    Agren, A
    Johansson, G
    Johansson, Anders
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för odontologi, Parodontologi.
    Stegmayr, Birgitta
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin.
    Jansson, JH
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Medicin.
    Lindahl, B
    Rolandsson, Olov
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Allmänmedicin.
    Söderberg, Stefan
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Kardiologi.
    Nilsson, M
    Johansson, Ingegerd
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för odontologi, Kariologi.
    Weinehall, Lars
    Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Epidemiologi och global hälsa.
    Cardiovascular disease and diabetes in the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study Cohort: evaluation of risk factors and their interactions.2003Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. Supplement Links, ISSN 1403-4956, Vol. 61, s. 18-24Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this paper is, first, to describe the organization, sampling procedures, availability of samples/database, ethical considerations, and quality control program of the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study Cohort. Secondly, some examples are given of studies on cardiovascular disease and diabetes with a focus on the biomarker programme. The cohort has been positioned as a national and international resource for scientific research.

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