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  • 51.
    Bostedt, Göran
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå School of Business and Economics (USBE), Economics. Department of Forest Economics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden.
    Hörnell, Agneta
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Nyberg, Gert
    SLU.
    Agroforestry Extension and Dietary Diversity: An Analysis of the Importance of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in West Pokot, Kenya2016In: Food Security, ISSN 1876-4517, E-ISSN 1876-4525, Vol. 8, no 1, p. 271-284Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Worldwide, the challenges of nomadic, pastoralist systems are causing their slow but steady disappearance in favour of sedentary agropastoralism. This paper draws upon an existing household data set from a survey collected and organized by the Swedish non-governmental organization (NGO) Vi Agroforestry, directed at a livestock-based, agro-pastoralist area in West Pokot County, western Kenya. The study focuses on the question of food diversity and malnutrition and the role of agroforestry extension services, i.e. knowledge spread, transfer and development. Our basic hypothesis is that certain fruit and vegetable related food groups are under-consumed in West Pokot, especially in the dryland areas. The results of the study shows that agroforestry, combined with advice through extension efforts can imply a transition path for pastoralists which involves improved dietary diversity, especially concerning food groups that include roots, tubers, fruits and leafy vegetables. From the results certain restrictions that hinder this transition become clear. An important but often overlooked factor is lack of information and knowledge as a determinant of household behavior in developing countries. NGOs such as Vi Agroforestry can play an important role in overcoming this restriction by providing extension services. Developing countries in general are not information-rich environments, a fact that is especially the case for poor citizens living in rural areas. The paper illustrates that careful attention to the information and knowledge available to households is necessary when designing development cooperation.

  • 52.
    Brandel, Jens
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Folatintag och folatstatus hos prematura barn: En kvalitetsundersökning vid en neonatalavdelning2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 53.
    Bremsjö, Beatrice
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Hallberg, My
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Jag vill aldrig bli så stor igen: En kvalitativ studie om motiovation till bibehållande av en lägre vikt efter viktnedgång2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund Övervikt är ett ökande problem i världen, Sverige är inget undantag. Det finns många olika sätt att gå ner i vikt, och även om du lyckats är det svårt att behålla den lägre vikten. Studier har kommit fram till strategier som bidrar till att lyckas bibehålla en lägre vikt efter viktminskning. Det har visats vara av betydelse att även behandla kognitiva beteenden i samband med viktnedgång och bibehållande av vikt och att motivation är en viktig del i detta.Syfte Syftet med studien är att undersöka vad som bidrar till motivation och påverkar förutsättningar för att bibehålla en lägre vikt efter självvald viktnedgång.Metod Åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med personer som under en längre tid arbetat med sin vikt. Materialet transkriberades ordagrant för att sedan analyseras enligt Graneheim och Lundmans kvalitativa innehållsanalys.Resultat Informanterna hade utformat egna strategier för att överkomma de hinder de stött på i vardagen. De satte ett högt värde i att hitta en balanserad livsstil för att kunna bibehålla den lägre vikten en lägre tid. Omgivningen hade en avgörande roll i deras förändringsarbete samtidigt som de upplevde att motivationen var tvungen att komma från dem själva. I och med förändringen uppkom nya känslor om dem själva som de var tvungna att hantera.Slutsats Den här studien visade att det finns flera faktorer som bidrar till motivation och påverkar förutsättningar att bibehålla en lägre vikt, och att dessa kom från olika håll i informanternas liv. Informanterna i denna studie ansåg att det var viktigt att motivationen kom inifrån dem själva. 

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  • 54.
    Brita, Öhman
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Carolin, Rydén
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Språk- och kulturella barriärer i mötet mellan dietist och patient: En kvalitativ studie ur ett dietistperspektiv2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Each year the immigration increases in Sweden, as an effect of that, more individuals from other countries and cultures seek help from the healthcare system. The Swedish law states that healthcare providers have an obligation to give each individual equal care. Because communication is a big part of the meeting between the caregiver and the patient, the language and cultural barriers could lead to a lack of care. This also means that healthcare providers may experience a sense of frustration.

    Objective: The aim of the study was to elucidate and explore clinical dietitians’ experiences of language and cultural barriers during the meeting with patients with a first language other than Swedish.

    Method: Based on a qualitative research method six clinical dietitians were interviewed. During the interviews a semi-structured interview guide was used. The interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data was analyzed withqualitative content analysis.

    Results: In order to give patients good care the dietitians had to use creative approaches to overcome language and cultural barriers. The interpreter was seen as one of the most important instrument during the meeting with the patient, but an interpreter who did not carry out their work in a good way could affect the meeting negatively. The informants felt that communication difficulties could lead to unsuccessful treatmentwhen the message did not reach the patients. This led to a sense of failure and frustration among the informants.

    Conclusions: Language and cultural barriers can be an obstacle in order to give the patient the care the dietitian wishes. Despite creative solutions and the use of an interpreter there is a risk that the quality of care does not reach the demands according to the Swedish legislation. In conjunction with increased immigration, procedures and education on language and cultural barriers should be reviewed.

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  • 55.
    Brogren, Johanna
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Fanny, Kyrö
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Föräldrars attityd till skolmåltiden2018Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background Parents' attitude towards children's school meals is less studied, it can affect the children's attitude, how they relate to school meals and their intake.

    Objective To investigate parents' attitude towards school meals and whether it differs between men and women and depending on the level of education. 

    MethodA web-based survey of 16 questions was conducted and sent out on the Facebook platform. The target group was parents of school age children, 188 responses were collected. The results were analyzed in IBM SPSS version 25.0 by chi-two tests, Fischer's Exact Test and Mann Whitney U test. 

    Results It was a positive attitude towards school meals and the idea was that the school meal was healthy as well as a positive attitude towards the meal environment and serving. In terms of climate impact, participants primarily focused on the food waste and whether if it were locally produced. How it tasted and what the children ate was the main topic of discussion about school meal. Difference was seen between highly educated and none college / university education in how the general perception of school meal was in the parents' circles of friends when the highly educated were more positive. The men thought that the general attitude in their circles influenced their children's experience of school meals more than women thought.

    ConclusionParents had a positive attitude towards school meals regardless of sex or education level. The parents did not think so much about the school meals impact on the climate. The parents thought that the school meal overall was in line with what they consider to be a healthy meal, which means a good range of fruits and vegetables and a varied diet that is cooked from scratch.

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  • 56.
    Brugård Konde, Åsa
    et al.
    Livsmedelsverket.
    Hörnell, Agneta
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Mat för spädbarn 0-1 år2012In: Barnläkaren, ISSN 1651-0534, no 5, p. 6-8Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 57. Butchart, Maggie
    et al.
    Lyon, Phil
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Carr, Val
    The maternity unit window: Ulrich revisited2007In: Environmental Psychology: Putting Research into Practice, Newcastle UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing , 2007, p. 110-124Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 58.
    Byström, Matilda
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Eriksson, Alexandra
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Kvaliteten har ökat markant med dietisten: - En kvalitativ studie om personalens uppfattning om dietistens roll och arbetet med nutritionsbehandlingen inom ätstörningsvård för barn och unga2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 59.
    Bäck, Linda
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Enegren, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Svårigheter att äta: Utveckling av konsistensanpassade matsedlar för äldreomsorgen i Piteå kommun2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 60.
    Bäcklund, Catharina
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Promoting physical activity among overweight and obese children: Effects of a family-based lifestyle intervention on physical activity and metabolic markers2010Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Overweight and obesity in childhood is associated with physical, psychological and social consequences. Physical inactivity is regarded as one of the main factors that have contributed to the increase in childhood obesity through out the world. Overweight and obesity as well as physical activity level are shown to track from childhood to adolescence and adulthood, thereby influencing not only the current health status but also long-term health. The general purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the effect of a 2-year family-based lifestyle intervention on physical activity and metabolic health among children with overweight and obesity.

    Methods Children with overweight or obesity living in northern Sweden were recruited to the study. In total 105 children, mean age 10.5 years (SD±1.09), were randomized into either an intervention or a control group. The intervention group was offered as a 2-year family-based lifestyle intervention; the 1st year consisted of 14 group sessions and during the 2nd year the intervention was web-based. The control group did not participate in any intervention sessions, but performed all measurements. Physical activity was measured in all children using SenseWear Pro2 Armband (SWA) during 4 consecutive days before, in the middle and after the intervention, data regarding anthropometrics and blood values were collected in the same periods. Twenty-two of the children wore SWA during 14 days before the intervention in order to validate energy expenditure (EE) estimated by SWA against EE measured with double labelled water.

    Results The SWA, together with software version 5.1, proved to be a valid device to accurately estimate EE at group level of overweight and obese children. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups neither before nor after the intervention regarding physical activity and screen-time. All children significantly decreased their time being active ≥3 METs during the study period. After the study period, significantly fewer in the control group achieved the national physical activity recommendation, and they had significantly increased their screen-time. However, these changes were not seen within the intervention group. The intervention group had a significantly lower apolipoprotein B/A1 compared to the control group at 1-year measurement; no other significant differences were found regarding metabolic markers. No statistical difference was found between the groups regarding body mass index after the 2-year study period.

    Conclusion Even though a comprehensive program, the 2-year family-based lifestyle intervention had limited effects on physical activity and metabolic health in overweight and obese children. SWA is a device that can be used in future studies to measure energy expenditure among free-living overweight or obese children.

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  • 61.
    Bäcklund, Catharina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Sundelin, G
    Larsson, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Validation of SenseWear Pro2 Armband when assessing energy expenditure in overweight and obese children2008In: European Child Obesity Group conference, Porto, Portugal, 2008Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 62.
    Bäcklund, Catharina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Sundelin, Gunnevi
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Larsson, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Effect of a 1-year lifestyle intervention on physical activity in overweight and obese children2011In: Advances in Physiotherapy, ISSN 1403-8196, E-ISSN 1651-1948, Vol. 13, no 3, p. 87-96Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study evaluated the effect of a family-based multifactor intervention programme on physical activity among overweight or obese children. Children (n = 105, mean age 10.6 ± 1.07 years) with overweight or obesity were randomized into an intervention or control group. The intervention group participated in a 1-year programme aiming at lifestyle changes regarding food habits and physical activity. All children's physical activity was measured using SenseWear Armband at baseline and after 1 year. The children in both groups had a physical activity level (PAL) of 1.67 (0.27) at baseline. When comparing the intervention and control groups, no significant differences were found in physical activity outcome variables after 1 year of intervention. Contrarily to the hypotheses, both groups decreased their energy expenditure and time spent at >3 MET, and there was no change in steps and screen time after 1 year. Despite extensive efforts, the intervention showed no significant positive effect on overweight and obese children's PAL. Further studies are needed to obtain more knowledge on how to maintain or increase the PAL successfully among overweight and obese children.

    Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/14038196.2011.566353

  • 63.
    Bäcklund, Catharina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Sundelin, Gunnevi
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Larsson, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Effects on physical activity of a 2-year lifestyle intervention in overweight and obese children2011In: Advances in Physiotherapy, ISSN 1403-8196, E-ISSN 1651-1948, Vol. 13, no 3, p. 97-109Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim was to examine the effect on physical activity of a 2-year family-based lifestyle intervention among overweight and obese Swedish children 8–12 years of age; 105 children were randomized to either intervention or control group. The intervention group was offered a 2-year lifestyle programme. Physical activity was measured using SenseWear Pro2 Armband during 4 consecutive days before and after the intervention. When comparing the intervention and control groups, no significant differences were found in the physical activity outcome variables after 2 years of intervention. However, the intervention group decreased their number of steps per day by 13%, p = 0.003 but had an unchanged screen time, whereas the control group had an unchanged number of steps but increased their screen time by 15%, p = 0.02, from baseline to 2-year measurement. There were no significant change in the intervention group, whereas significantly fewer children in the control group achieved the physical activity recommendations at 2-year measurement (88%) compared with at baseline (98%), p = 0.007. Future interventions regarding physical activity among overweight and obese children are of great importance even though the present one showed limited effects. In the continuing work, a greater effect may be received with an extended and more intense intervention regarding physical activity, focusing on reducing sedentary time rather than increasing the physical activity level.

    Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/14038196.2011.562540

  • 64.
    Bäcklund, Catharina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Sundelin, Gunnevi
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Larsson, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Evaluation of 2-year family-based lifestyle intervention regarding physical activity among children with overweight and obesity2011Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 65.
    Bäcklund, Catharina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Sundelin, Gunnevi
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation.
    Larsson, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Problems in enhancing physical activity among overweight and obese children2010Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Physical inactivity is regarded as one of the main factors that have contributed to the rapid increase in prevalence of childhood obesity in recent decades. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether participation in a family-based multifactor intervention program could increase physical activity among overweight and obese children.

    Methods: 105 children, mean age 10.5 years (SD±1.09), with overweight and obesity living in northern Sweden were recruited and randomized into an intervention or control group. The intervention group was invited to participate in a program aiming at improving lifestyle regarding food habits and physical activity. The children’s physical activity was measured during 4 days at baseline and after 1 year with SenseWear Armband.

    Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups neither at either baseline or 1 year, regarding energy expenditure, steps/day, time being sedentary (< 3 MET), and time being active at different MET-levels. For all children, time being active ≥ 3 MET significantly decreased with 44.5 (111) min/d from baseline to 1-year. Despite the decrease in physical activity, the children were physically active ≥ 3 MET during 4.1 (1.6) h/d at 1-year.

    Conclusion: Physical activity decreased with increased age among overweight and obese children, despite extensive effort of intervention. To make future interventions worthwhile it is important to consider the participant’s physical activity level before entering the study, when planning and setting up the intervention program; to comprise the participant’s individual goals regarding physical activity; and to focus specifically on decreasing time being sedentary.

  • 66.
    Bäcklund, Catharina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Sundelin, Gunnevi
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Larsson, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Validity of an armband measuring energy expenditure in overweight and obese children2010In: Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, ISSN 0195-9131, E-ISSN 1530-0315, Vol. 42, no 6, p. 1154-1161Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: To examine the ability of the SenseWear Pro2 Armband (SWA) to accurately assess energy expenditure in free-living overweight or obese children during a two-week period, by comparison with energy expenditure measured using the doubly labeled water (DLW) method. A second aim was to examine which software version, Innerview Professional 5.1 or Sensewear Professional 6.0, are the most appropriate for use together with SWA in overweight and obese children.

    Method: A random sample of 22 healthy, overweight or obese children (11 girls and 11 boys) aged 8-11 years was recruited from an ongoing intervention study. Energy expenditure in free-living conditions was simultaneously assessed with the SWA and DLW methods during a 14-day period. All data from the SWA were analyzed using InnerView Professional software versions 5.1 (SWA 5.1) and 6.1 (SWA 6.1).

    Results: An accurate estimation in energy expenditure was obtained when SWA 5.1 was used, showing a non-statistically significant difference corresponding to 17 (1200) kJ[middle dot]d-1 compared with the energy expenditure measured using the DLW method. However, when SWA 6.1 was used a statistically significant (18%) underestimation of energy expenditure was obtained, corresponding to 1962 (1034) kJ[middle dot]d-1 compared with the DLW method.

    Conclusion: The SWA together with software version 5.1, but not 6.1, is a valid method for accurately measuring energy expenditure at group level of free-living overweight and obese children.

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  • 67.
    Bäcklund, Catharina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Sundelin, Gunnevi
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiotherapy.
    Larsson, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Validity of measured energy expenditure in overweight and obese children when using Inner View Professional software v5.1 and 6.1 together with SenseWear Pro2 Armband2009In: 7th International Conference on Diet and Activity Methods, 2009Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim was to investigate the validity of SenseWear Pro2 Armband (SWA) when assessing energy expenditure of overweight and obese children. A random selection of 22 children with an isoBMI>25 were recruited from 8-11 year olds participating in an intervention study. Energy expenditure in free-living condition was assessed during 14 days by using SWA. The armband was worn 24h/d, and removed only for water activities. Total energy expenditure was measured with double labelled water (DLW) method during the same period covered by SWA. During the data collection, an updated version of the software used by SWA was released and data were analysed with both software version. The validity when using software version 5.1 (SWA5.1) and 6.1 (SWA6.1) was investigated by comparison with measured energy expenditure by DLW method. In total, 11 girls and 11 boys with mean age of 10.3±0.99 years and isoBMI 22.8±0.62 participated. The average wearing time of SWA was 12 days (range 7-14) and 23.3 h/day (range 18.8-24.0). There was no statistically significant difference in mean physical activity level (PAL) by SWA5.1 compared by DLW-method. A minor non-significant underestimation of energy expenditure 0.02±1.20 MJ/day (95%CI -0.55,0.52) measured by SWA5.1 compared with DLW-method was shown. However, the children's PAL according to SWA6.1 was 1.37 compared with 1.68 according to DLW method. When assessed by SWA6.1 there was a significant underestimation of energy expenditure by 1.96±1.03MJ/day (95%CI-2.42,-1.50) compared with DLW-method. The differences between SWA5.1 andSWA6.1 may be partly explained bya statistically significant difference in the amount of time the two software versions have registered time spent on different activity levels (MET<3, MET3-<6, MET6-<9, MET≥9). When comparing time spent on sedentary activities (MET<3) significantly less time was assessed by SWA5.1 compared with SWA6.1, 18±2.1 h/d and 20±2.4 h/d respectively. These differences became more apparent at higher METs. A significantly longer time spent on activities with MET≥9, was assessed by SWA5.1 compared with SWA6.1, 11±26 min/d and 2.5±5.3 min/d respectively. In conclusion, the SWA with software v 5.1, but not with software v 6.1, is a valid device to accurately measure energy expenditure at group level in overweight and obese children during free-living condition.

  • 68.
    Carlsson, Elinor
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Måltidssammansättning på ett sjukhus i Nordnorge jämfört med nationella rekommendationer2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Sammanfattning

    Bakgrund Det bedöms att 10 - 60 % av alla patienter på norska sjukhus och sjukhem är undernärda. Mer än hälften av dessa patienter går ned ytterligare i vikt under tiden de är inlagda på sjukhus. Norska riktlinjer (Kosthåndboken) för måltidsplanering på vårdinstanser rekommenderar systematisk måltidsplanering för att förebygga och behandla undernäring på sjukhus.

    Syfte Att ta fram information om aktuell situation gällande måltiderna som serverades vid ett regionalt sjukhus i Nordnorge och jämföra med nationella rekommendationer, samt att ta fram underlag för ett åtgärdsförslag.

     

    Metod Studien är en tvärsnittsstudie som genomfördes vid Nordlandssykehuset, Bodø, Nordnorge. Samtliga huvudmåltider i de två huvudkosterna (Nøkkelrådskost och Energi- og næringstett kost) näringsberäknades och jämfördes med rekommendationen. Recept, produktinformation och portionskalkyler inhämtades med intervju av kökspersonal. Tolv måltider, som uppnådde rekommenderad energinivå, validerades genom att varje portion vägdes.

    Resultat Inga recept fanns nedskrivna eller var näringsberäknade tidigare. Måltiderna innehöll i genomsnitt mindre energi än rekommenderat. Nøkkelrådskost nådde inte rekommenderad energinivå på 1800 kcal för huvudmåltider (exkluderat mellanmål/kvällsmat) medan Energi- og næringstett kost innehöll 98 % av 1440 kcal. Innehållet av protein varierade; Nøkkelrådskost; 50 gram -111 gram per dag, Energi- og næringstett kost; 51 - 89 gram per dag. Dagstotalen uppfyllde rekommenderat innehåll av kostfiber förutsatt att patienterna fick serverat mellanmål/kvällsmat, båda kosterna hade ett högt innehåll av salt. De validerade måltiderna var i genomsnitt större än planerad portionsstorlek.

    Slutsats Studien ger ett underlag för vidare arbete med måltidsplanering på sjukhuset. Den visar brister i måltidsplaneringen då inga recept fanns nedskrivna eller var näringsberäknade tidigare. Energinivåerna i huvudmåltiderna låg under rekommenderade nivåer för sjukhus och varierade stort, de innehöll för lite protein och för mycket salt. Energifördelning och fiberinnehåll uppfyller rekommendationen från Kosthåndboken. Sjukhuset rekommenderas arbeta vidare med måltidsplanering för att kvalitetssäkra matutbudet till de inskrivna patienterna.

     

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  • 69.
    Carlsson, Helena
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Hjorth, Caroline
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Odqvist, Nina
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Vi vill veta mer: - En kvalitativ studie om mödrars upplevelser av kostsamtal inom mödra- och barnhälsovården2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Sammanfattning

    Bakgrund: Våra matvanor grundläggs tidigt i livet. Med tanke på det rådande hälsoläget i Sverige och världen behöver långvarigt preventiva insatser sättas in i tidig ålder för att bekämpa utvecklingen av fetma. Salut-satsningen är ett exempel på en preventiv insats som syftar till att främja hälsa hos barn och ungdomar. Syfte: Att undersöka hur förstagångsmödrar upplever och uppfattar den information om hälsosamma matvanor som mödrahälsovården (MHV), barnavårdscentralen (BVC) och folktandvården ger inom Salut-satsningen. Metod: Kvalitativa semistrukturerade telefonintervjuer utfördes med 18 strategiskt utvalda förstagångsmödrar vars barn var i åldern ett till ett och ett halvt år. Data analyserades enligt Graneheims kvalitativa innehållsanalys. Mödrarna ingår i Västerbottens Salut-satsning och bor inom upptagningsområdet för Västerbottens läns landsting. Resultat: De flesta mödrar fick information om utrymmesmat, måltidsordning samt frukt och grönsaker. Informationen som vissa av mödrarna fått upplevdes för generell. Något mödrarna saknade från samtalen var mer individanpassad information samt att den skulle vara djupare. Den information som gavs varierade beroende på vilken hälsocentral mödrarna besökt. De hade inställningen att hela familjen bör äta hälsosamt samt att man som förälder bör vara en bra förebild. Många hade inställningen att de hade goda matvanor sedan tidigare och att förändring ej var nödvändig. Slutsats: Informationen om frukt och grönsaker är det budskap som framförallt gått fram till mödrarna, vilket motiverat dem till att göra förändringar i familjens matvanor. Mödrarna upplevde att informationen var för generell och att de saknar bakgrund till råden. En återkommande inställning bland mödrarna var att de redan ansåg sig ha goda matvanor och därför inte behövde ta åt sig av råden. 

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    Vi vill veta mer - en kvalitativ studie om mödrars upplevelser av kostsamtal inom mödra- och barnhälsovården
  • 70.
    Carlsson, Jenny
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Lundberg, Erika
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Varför väljer vuxna i Sverige att följa olika former av dieter?: En studie om orsak till samt val av diet2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Diets receive increasing media attention while more and more follow some kind of a diet.

    Objective: The aim was to investigate if and why adults in Sweden have chosen to follow any kind of diet. The impact of socioeconomics factors, on the choice of following a diet, were further analysed.

    Method: A web-based survey was distributed via Facebook where 235 people participated through a convenience sample. The questionnaire consisted of 23 closed questions. Responses were compiled and analyzed in IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0. The results were analyzed using the Chi-2 test, Mann Whitney U test and boxplots. The significance level was set at p <0.05.

    Results: The study showed that more women than men, more obese than normal-weight and more participants living in smaller municipalities than cities followed some kind of diet (p = 0.001, p = 0.002 and p = 0.047). Most common diet was LCHF and the most common reason to follow a diet was to feel good followed by reasons of appearance, which was the same for both sexes. Most common reason to choose their, for the time ongoing or latest diet, was that it was considered sustainable. Participants indicated that they came in contact with that same diet by friend, family or acquaintance who also were indicated as the most common way to gain further knowledge about the diet.

    Conclusion: A diet is not automatically healthy and a definition would facilitate future work in the field. In order to change people's eating habits social factors can play an important role.

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  • 71.
    Cecilia, Olsson
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Waling, Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    School meals do not have a given place in Swedish school's quality management2016In: Health Education Journal, ISSN 0017-8969, E-ISSN 1748-8176, Vol. 75, no 8, p. 961-971Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives: Sweden is one of three countries worldwide which has a legal requirement to ensure that pupils in compulsory school should be offered free, nutritious school meals. Furthermore, the law states that school meal provision should be included in schools' internal quality management (IQM) system. The objective of this study was to examine to what extent schools in Sweden are following the legal requirement to include school meals in IQM and the relationship between this inclusion and the application of government advisory guidelines regarding school meals.

    Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Head teachers evenly distributed across all regions in Sweden representing municipality schools, independent schools and Sami schools. Method: Web-based questionnaire completed by 216 head teachers.

    Results: About half of the schools did not meet the legal requirement to include schools meals in the IQM. Furthermore, familiarity with and use of the National Food Agency (NFA) guidelines and the web-based tool School Food Sweden, as well as activities considered as part of a pedagogical school meal and the inclusion of school meals in interdisciplinary work, were reported to be less common in schools not including school meals in their IQM system.

    Conclusion: Findings suggest that when there is inclusion of school meals in a school's quality management system, the school is also more likely to include school meals as part of educational activities. By acknowledging school meal provision as part of the educational process, possibilities are opened up for health-promoting activities to prevent non-communicable disease.

  • 72.
    Challis, Pontus
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Larsson, Linn
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Stoltz Sjöström, Elisabeth
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Serenius, Fredrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics. Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Domellöf, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Elfvin, Anders
    Validation of the diagnosis of necrotising enterocolitis in a Swedish population-based observational study2019In: Acta Paediatrica, ISSN 0803-5253, E-ISSN 1651-2227, Vol. 108, no 5, p. 835-841Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: The definition of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is based on clinical and radiological signs that can be difficult to interpret. The aim of the present study was to validate the incidence of NEC in the Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden Study (EXPRESS)

    Methods: The EXPRESS study consisted of all 707 infants born before 27 + 0 gestational weeks during the years 2004–2007 in Sweden. Of these infants, 38 were recorded as having NEC of Bell stage II or higher. Hospital records were obtained for these infants. Furthermore, to identify missed cases, all infants with a sudden reduction of enteral nutrition, in the EXPRESS study were identified (n = 71). Hospital records for these infants were obtained. Thus, 108 hospital records were obtained and scored independently by two neonatologists for NEC.

    Results: Of 38 NEC cases in the EXPRESS study, 26 were classified as NEC after validation. Four cases not recorded in the EXPRESS study were found. The incidence of NEC decreased from 6.3% to 4.3%.

    Conclusion: Validation of the incidence of NEC revealed over- and underestimation of NEC in the EXPRESS study despite carefully collected data. Similar problems may occur in other national data sets or quality registers.

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  • 73.
    Chorell, Elin
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry.
    Rydberg, Mats
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine.
    Larsson, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Antti, Henrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry.
    Olsson, Tommy
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Medicine.
    A metabolomic evaluation of short and long term effects of different macronutrient intake in overweight and obese postmenopausal womenManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 74.
    Cronqvist, Camilla
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    von Almassy, Mathilda
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Genmodifierade organismer – För eller emot?: En kvantitativ studie om attityder gentemot samt köpvillighet av genmodifierade livsmedel bland konsumenter i Sverige.2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract

    Background Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) involves using genetic engineering to move a specific gene from one organism and crossing it with another to create characteristics of an organism which it naturally does not have. Attitudes and willingness to purchase genetically modified (GM) foods has been shown to differ between countries as well as between different groups.

    Objective The objective of the study was to investigate whether consumers in Sweden differ in attitudes towards GMOs and how incentives affect willingness to purchase GM-fruits and vegetables, depending on gender, age, level of education, and perceived knowledge about GMOs.

    Method Quantitative method was used with data collection via a web-based questionnaire containing 21 questions divided into three categories; inclusion criterias, attitudes, and willingness to purchase. The sample strategy used was a convenience sample where the survey was spread through the authors' Facebook profiles. The data from the 110 respondents was analyzed in SPSS with Pearson Chi-squared test and Fisher’s Exact Test.

    Results The results showed that women and 31 years and older had both a more negative attitude towards and was less willing to purchase GM-foods. No difference was detected between the levels of education. However, results showed a more positive attitude among those with a high perceived knowledge about GMO unlike those with a low or mediumperceived knowledge.

    Conclusion The results largely corresponded with previous research indicating that a change has not occurred since similar studies were conducted in Sweden in the early 2000s. The most prominent result is that women and 31 years and older respondents have a more negative attitude towards as well as are less willing to purchase GM-foods regardless of incentives.

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  • 75.
    Dagman, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Inställning till och val av livsmedelsprodukter bland personer som är över 55 år2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 76.
    Dahl, Evelina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Berge, Ida
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Dietary factors and food preparation techniques related to iron absorption: Knowledge and practice in the Kandal Province, Cambodia2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction Malnutrition and coexisting micronutrient deficiencies are common in the developing world. A high prevalence of anemia is found in Cambodia with children and women being the most affected. Anemia is defined as lack of red blood cells, resulting in impaired blood function and poor oxygen transport. Iron deficiency (ID) is often an underlying factor of anemia. Diet modifications to increase intake and absorption of iron can to some extent prevent iron deficiency anemia (IDA), which is often caused by lack of iron in the diet. Objective The aim was to study knowledge and practice regarding food preparation techniques and dietary factors related to iron absorption in Kandal Province, Cambodia. Method Structured interviews based on a written questionnaire consisting of 17 closed questions were conducted in eight villages in Kandal Province, Cambodia. A total of 143 questionnaires were collected for analysis. Chi-square tests were performed using SPSS 18.0 and the significance level was set to p<0.05. Results The food habits showed lack of diversity. The diet was mainly rice based and red meat consumption was low. The majority used an iron pot for cooking, although not many knew that it could enhance the iron content in the food. The knowledge on bioavailability of iron appears to be limited. A significant correlation was found between those who had received information on iron and those who stated that red meat is a good source of iron(p=0.046). Conclusion Knowledge on food preparation techniques, dietary sources of iron, stimulating- and inhibiting factors for iron absorption appears to be limited. Interventions including education on bioavailability and how to enhance the iron content in the diet are important and they should be adapted to the local community. 

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  • 77.
    Dahlgren, Nathalie
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Edgren, Magnus
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    En inblick i kost- och levnadsvanor hos kontorspersonal i södra Sverige2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 78.
    Danielson, Jenny
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Kostintag, energiförbrukning och kroppssammansättning hos orienterare2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract Background Orienteering is an endurance sport where pace and intensity varies and differs from regular endurance running since it also includes hilly terrain and a cognitive component. The performance of orienteers can therefore be assumed to be more dependent on dietary composition than ordinary runners. There is currently insufficient research on body composition, energy expenditure and food intake of orienteers. Objective The aim of the study was to examine body composition, energy expenditure and dietary intake in orienteers and compare this with their needs and the recommendations and requirements for orienteers to perform optimally in their sport. Methods The study included 18 orienteers, 9 men and 9 women between 16 and 29 years, from just below the elite level to the elite level in orienteering. Body composition was investigated with Bodpod and bioimpedance. For three days, including two days of training and one day of rest the energy expenditure was investigated by activity monitors and an activity diary and dietary intake with a three-day weighed food record. Results The male participants had a body fat percentage of 11, 4 ± 4, 4 % and female at 26, 2 ±4, 5 %. Energy expenditure for male participants was 3804 ±451 kcal and for female participants 2963 ± 391 kcal. Energy intake was 3233 ±564 kcal for men and 2384 ± 428 kcal for women. Intake of protein was 1.6 g / kg body weight and intake of carbohydrates was 4.8 g / kg body weight. Average fat intake was 32 energy percent. The majority of participants had higher energy expenditure than their energy intake. Conclusion The study demonstrates a negative energy balance of the majority of participants. Many participants would be able to increase the intake of carbohydrates and fluids in order to optimize their performance. The amount of protein and fat was good in relation to the recommendations. 

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  • 79.
    Danielsson, Emelie
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Macellaro, Sofia
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Vilka källor använder gravida för att få väsentlig kostinformation?2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 80. Dapi, Léonie N
    et al.
    Tambe, Ayuk Bertrand
    Axberg, Frida
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Lundström, Linnéa
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Hörnell, Agneta
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    After giving birth to a baby, breastfeeding becomes your responsibility: infant feeding perceptions and practices among women in Yaoundé, Bamenda and Bandja, Cameroon, Africa2018In: International Research Journal of Public and Environmental Health, ISSN 2360-8803, Vol. 5, no 3, p. 38-45Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Ministry of Public Health of Cameroon advises mothers to follow the World Health Organization’s recommendation of exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life and to continue breastfeeding along with appropriate complementary foods up to two years or beyond. Despite these recommendations, malnutrition due to inadequate feeding practices is still prevalent in Cameroon. Therefore, this study aims to explore infant feeding perceptions and identify factors influencing infant feeding practices in Cameroon. Forty-nine women aged 19 to 38 who had infants aged 6 days to 15 months were purposively selected from hospitals during the vaccination days and interviewed until saturation. The research tools included six qualitative group interviews, with each group comprising 6 to 10 women. The study was conducted in the rural area of Bandja and the urban areas of Yaoundé and Bamenda. Data were analysed using content analysis. In the study, breastfeeding was agreed upon as the best way to feed infants and was commonly practised for 1 to 2 years. Nevertheless, few infants were breastfed exclusively. Complementary foods were often nutritionally inadequate; many children were not given fruit, vegetables or foods of animal origin on a daily basis. Cultural beliefs, tradition, community norms and low educational and economic levels negatively influenced the implementation of appropriate infant feeding recommendations. The short duration of exclusive breastfeeding and the poor food diversity are the main problems. In response, it is necessary to strengthen the position of women, increase the period of maternal leave, introduce sustainable and practical education for both parents about breastfeeding, and provide good, local complementary foods.

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  • 81.
    Dapi N., Léonie
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health.
    Hörnell, Agneta
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Janlert, Urban
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health.
    Stenlund, Hans
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health.
    Larsson, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Energy and nutrient intake in relation to sex and socioeconomic status among adolescents in urban Cameroon, Africa2011In: Public Health Nutrition, ISSN 1368-9800, E-ISSN 1475-2727, Vol. 14, no 5, p. 904-913Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: To assess energy and nutrient intakes and physical activity of adolescents in urban Cameroon according to sex and socio-economic status (SES).

    DESIGN: Cross-sectional study with adolescents randomly selected from schools in low-, middle- and high-SES areas. Weight and height were measured and information about food intake and physical activity was obtained through repeated individual 24 h recalls. Under- and over-reporting of energy intake and inadequacy of nutrient intake were assessed.

    SETTING: Yaoundé, Cameroon.

    SUBJECTS: Boys and girls aged 12-16 years (n 227).

    RESULTS: Boys had a lower BMI and reported higher energy expenditures and physical activity levels (PAL) than girls. Under-reporting of energy intake was large among boys and girls regardless of PAL; boys under-reported more than girls. Among those with low PAL, over-reporting of energy intake was common. Over 50 % of boys and girls had protein below the recommendations. The intake of fat varied; 26 % of the adolescents were below and 25 % were above the recommendations. Inadequate intakes of vitamin B1, vitamin B3 and Fe were more common among girls, while boys more often had inadequate intake of vitamin A. Adolescents with low SES were more likely to be below the recommendations for fat and vitamins B2, B3, B6 and B12 than those with high SES.

    CONCLUSIONS: A high proportion of boys and girls reported inadequate intakes. However under- and over-reporting were also very common. Boys under-reported energy intake more than girls and inadequate nutrient intake was more frequently reported by adolescents with low SES than by those with high SES.

  • 82.
    David, Jonsson
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Livsmedelsval och näringsintag i svensk LCHF-kost ur ett folkhälsoperspektiv2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background LCHF (Low Carbohydrate, High Fat) is a low-carbohydrate diet that have had a major impact in Sweden. The swedish National Food Administration are concerned regarding how this development will affect the public health, especially due to the rising cholesterol levels seen during the same period. The spokesmen of this diet are questioning the current recommendations meaning they are to blame for us being fat and ill. Despite this debate there’s a lack of data regarding the make up of  this diet.

    Objective The objective of the preset study was to chart the LCHF-diet regarding foodstuff choice and nutrient intake and discuss it from a public health perspective.

    Method 14 individuals who concidered eating a LCHF-diet were recruited to perform a scaled food record during three days. To estimate whether the participant where at risk consuming to little of a specifik nutrient the reported intake was compared with the estimated average requirement (EAR).

    Results Eight participants where included in the study. BMI (body mass index) exceeded 25 amongst all participants and five stated they where trying to loose weight. The reported energi intake(REI) was 34% lower than the estimated energy requirement. The mean carbohydrate consumtion contributed with 8% of the energy and fat 69%, of which saturated fat 29%. The consumption of dietary fiber was 7,5 g/day and the intake of cholesterol 625 mg/day. Sucrose contributed to 0,6% of total energy consumption. Intake <EAR where most common for iodine, iron and folic acid. Vitamin E, niacin, vitamin B12 and phosphate where consumed with margin to EAR.

    Conclusion The LCHF-diet in this study consisted of a large amount of fat and little carbohydrates, which has been reported to result in both advantages and disadvantages on public health. Should this diet be kept for a long time adjustments has to be made to minimize the reported risks. 

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  • 83.
    Davidsson, Ida
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Torsk på fisk, eller?: En studie om elevers konsumtion av fisk i tre nordiska länder2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    SAMMANFATTNING

    Bakgrund Fisk är en god källa till många viktiga näringsämnen, bland annat D-vitamin och fleromättat fett, tidigare studier har dock visat att barn inte når upp till rekommenderat fiskintag. Då barn tillbringar mycket tid i skolan och skollunchen utgör en stor del av dagsintaget får en näringsrik skollunch, som eleverna också äter av, anses viktig.

    Syfte Att granska tio- och elvaåringars fiskkonsumtion, i skolan och hemma, i tre nordiska länder.

    Metod Uppsatsen genomfördes med redan insamlat datamaterial från studien ProMeal, 611 elever ingick. Två metoder användes: en fotograferad kostundersökning under fem dagar och ett livsmedelsfrekvensformulär som föräldrar/vårdnadshavare svarade på. För denna uppsats kategoriserades måltiderna och det skapades variabler för uppskattad viktprocent fisk i livsmedlet/rätten samt total veckokonsumtion av fisk. Data analyserades statistiskt med icke-parametriska tester.

    Resultat I skolan åt svenska och finska elever fisk oftare än norska (p <0,001). I Sverige och Finland serverades 98 procent fisk men drygt var tredje åt inte av fisken. I Norge, där matlåda togs med, åt endast sju procent av eleverna fisk under femdagarsperioden. Fiskmängderna var generellt små, medianintaget för en elev som hade ätit fisk låg på 38 [20–64] gram. Hemma rapporterades att norska elever hade ätit fisk oftare än i övriga länder (p <0,001), och den totala fiskkonsumtionen, vad gäller frekvens, skiljde sig därför inte signifikant mellan länderna (p=0,375). Några skillnader i fiskintag mellan könen sågs inte.  

    Slutsats Generellt var elevernas fiskkonsumtion relativt låg, dock sågs flertalet skillnader mellan länderna vilket talar för att det behövs landspecifika åtgärder. Varför elever som serverades fisk i skolan valde bort eller bara åt små mängder fisk behöver undersökas ytterligare, förslagsvis med fokus på elevers attityder och barriärer till fisk vilket skulle kunna främja folkhälsan. 

  • 84.
    Domellöf, Magnus
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Stoltz Sjöström, Elisabeth
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition. Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics.
    Enteral Iron Supplementation in Preterm Infants: Response to Letter to the Editor2017In: Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition - JPGN, ISSN 0277-2116, E-ISSN 1536-4801, Vol. 64, no 1, p. e26-Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 85. Doring, Nora
    et al.
    Hansson, Lena M.
    Andersson, Elina Scheers
    Bohman, Benjamin
    Westin, Maria
    Magnusson, Margaretha
    Larsson, Christel
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition. Univ Gothenburg, Dept Food & Nutr & Sport Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Sundblom, Elinor
    Willmer, Mikaela
    Blennow, Margareta
    Heitmann, Berit L.
    Forsberg, Lars
    Wallin, Sanna
    Tynelius, Per
    Ghaderi, Ata
    Rasmussen, Finn
    Primary prevention of childhood obesity through counselling sessions at Swedish child health centres: design, methods and baseline sample characteristics of the PRIMROSE cluster-randomised trial2014In: BMC Public Health, E-ISSN 1471-2458, Vol. 14, no 335Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Childhood obesity is a growing concern in Sweden. Children with overweight and obesity run a high risk of becoming obese as adults, and are likely to develop comorbidities. Despite the immense demand, there is still a lack of evidence-based comprehensive prevention programmes targeting pre-school children and their families in primary health care settings. The aims are to describe the design and methodology of the PRIMROSE cluster-randomised controlled trial, assess the relative validity of a food frequency questionnaire, and describe the baseline characteristics of the eligible young children and their mothers. Methods/Design: The PRIMROSE trial targets first-time parents and their children at Swedish child health centres (CHC) in eight counties in Sweden. Randomisation is conducted at the CHC unit level. CHC nurses employed at the participating CHC received training in carrying out the intervention alongside their provision of regular services. The intervention programme, starting when the child is 8-9 months of age and ending at age 4, is based on social cognitive theory and employs motivational interviewing. Primary outcomes are children's body mass index and waist circumference at four years. Secondary outcomes are children's and mothers' eating habits (assessed by a food frequency questionnaire), and children's and mothers' physical activity (measured by accelerometer and a validated questionnaire), and mothers' body mass index and waist circumference. Discussion: The on-going population-based PRIMROSE trial, which targets childhood obesity, is embedded in the regular national (routine) preventive child health services that are available free-of-charge to all young families in Sweden. Of the participants (n = 1369), 489 intervention and 550 control mothers (75.9%) responded to the validated physical activity and food frequency questionnaire at baseline (i.e., before the first intervention session, or, for children in the control group, before they reached 10 months of age). The food frequency questionnaire showed acceptable relative validity when compared with an 8-day food diary. We are not aware of any previous RCT, concerned with the primary prevention of childhood obesity through sessions at CHC that addresses healthy eating habits and physical activity in the context of a routine child health services programme.

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  • 86.
    Edholm, Johannes
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Lindvall, Miriam
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Vuxna individers kännedom, upplevda följsamhet och attityder till Svenska livsmedelsverkets fem kostråd.2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background The Swedish National Food Agency (SNFA) has developed five dietary guidelines to promote healthy eating. The guidelines include recommendations for fruit and vegetables, whole-grain, the Keyhole, fish, oil and liquid margarine. Previous studies indicate that the guidelines are not followed adequately.

    Objective The aim of this study was to examine adult’s knowledge, perceived adherence and attitudes towards the SNFAs five dietary guidelines. Additional aims were to examine various factors related to knowledge, attitudes and perceived adherence towards the guidelines and adult’s confidence in SNFA.

    Method Via Facebook, a web-based questionnaire survey was announced containing questions about knowledge, perceived adherence and attitudes towards the guidelines. Collected data was processed in SPSS 22.0. Independent samples median test and Chi-2 test were used for analysis. The significance level was set at p<0.05.

    Results A total of 159 subjects participated in the study (113 women, 46 men). Knowledge of the dietary guidelines was good except regarding oil and liquid margarine which only 48% knew since before. The perceived adherence was highest for the dietary guidelines on whole-grain, oil and liquid margarine. The guideline concerning oil and liquid margarine was also considered the easiest to follow. Attitudes towards the guidelines regarding fruit, vegetables, whole-grain and fish were more positive compared to the other guidelines. The Keyhole was considered less healthy, less modern, more difficult to understand and follow, and the least trustworthy. Those who followed the Low Carbohydrate High Fat-diet (n=11) had lower perceived adherence (p=0.011) and confidence (p=0.023) towards the Keyhole and a lower trust towards the guideline regarding fruit and vegetables (p=0.008). Of the participants, 45% indicated a high confidence in the SNFA. Conclusion The dietary guidelines, mainly concerning the Keyhole and oil and liquid margarine, may need to be modified or better marketed to reach the population in a wider extent and thus prevent diet-related diseases. 

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  • 87.
    Edlund, Jessica
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Eriksson, Anneli
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Lundgren, Mica
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Föräldrars upplevelser angående sina överviktiga barns kostvanor, fysiska aktivitet och medverkan i Millenniumgruppen – en kvalitativ studie2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 15 credits / 22,5 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund

    Under de senaste 30 åren har andelen överviktiga och feta barn och ungdomar i Sverige ökat. Orsaken till övervikt och fetma är en kombination av gener och livsstil, de två viktigaste livsstilsfaktorerna är kostintag och fysisk aktivitet. Både kostbehandling och fysisk aktivitet krävs för en långsiktig viktnedgång. Millenniumgruppen startades som ett projekt i Örnsköldsviks kommun, syftet med gruppen är att ge familjer stöd och möjlighet att påverka sin framtida hälsa genom regelbundna fysiska gruppaktiviteter.

    Syfte

    Att undersöka föräldrars upplevelser av sina överviktiga barns kostvanor och fysiska aktivitet samt föräldrarnas erfarenheter av familjens medverkan i Millenniumgruppen.

    Metod

    Åtta kvalitativa intervjuer genomfördes med föräldrar vars barn medverkar eller har medverkat i Millenniumgruppen. Intervjuerna baserades på en halvstrukturerad frågeguide. Materialet transkriberades ordagrant och innehållet analyserades enligt Graneheim och Lundman.

    Resultat

    Föräldrarna upplevde att olika faktorer samverkade angående orsaken till övervikt. I samtliga intervjuver framkom att föräldrarna påverkade sina barns kostvanor och att de ville förändra dessa till det bättre. Genomgående uttrycktes en förhoppning hos föräldrarna om att deras barn skulle vara mer fysiskt aktivt. Föräldrarna hade en positiv inställning angående familjens deltagande i Millenniumgruppen och efterfrågade individuell kostrådgivning och mer praktisk aktivitet.

    Slutsats

    Föräldrarnas strävan efter förändring av barnets kostvanor och fysiska aktivitet krockar med brist på motivation vilket leder till uppgivenhet, en utväg kan då bli att finna undanflykter och därmed uteblir förändring. Eftersom föräldrarna är de mest inflytelserika personerna i barnets liv läggs ett stort ansvar på deras axlar när det gäller att sätta gränser och vara ett föredöme angående vanor som påverkar barnets vikt. Kompetens inom kost, fysisk aktivitet och beteendeförändring utgör en betydelsefull del i ett barns överviktsbehandling.

  • 88.
    Edlund, Marie
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Gustavsson, Patrik
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Sandberg Larsson, Johanna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Egenkontroll i caféverksamheter: En kvalitativ studie2009Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 89.
    Einarsson, Sandra
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Laurell, Göran
    Tiblom Ehrsson, Ylva
    An explorative study on energy balance in patients with head and neck cancer2020In: Nutrition and Cancer, ISSN 0163-5581, E-ISSN 1532-7914, Vol. 72, no 7, p. 1191-1199Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Involuntary body weight loss in head and neck cancer is common. Fundamental for weight loss is an energy imbalance where total energy expenditure exceeds energy intake.

    Aim: To map energy intake and parameters of energy expenditure at the start of and after radiotherapy, and their relation to weight change, body mass index, and immune markers in patients with head and neck cancer.

    Materials and Methods: Data from 20 patients on energy intake (24-hour dietary intake recalls), total energy expenditure (SenseWear Armband Pro3), resting energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry), body weight, body mass index, and immune markers in serum (C-reactive protein and Interleukin-6) were collected at the start of and after radiotherapy (median 8 mo, range 5–13).

    Results: No statistical significance was shown between the two measurement points for energy intake or for the different parameters of energy expenditure. Median values for energy balance were 0.93 and 0.96 for the start of treatment and follow-up, respectively. Twelve and 13 patients had a negative energy balance at the start of radiotherapy and at follow-up, respectively.

    Conclusion: A negative energy balance was seen for the majority of patients, which stresses the importance of nutritional treatment at the start of and after radiotherapy.

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  • 90.
    Einarsson, Sandra
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Laurell, Göran
    Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Tiblom Ehrsson, Ylva
    Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Experiences and coping strategies related to food and eating up to two years after the termination of treatment in patients with head and neck cancer2019In: European Journal of Cancer Care, ISSN 0961-5423, E-ISSN 1365-2354, Vol. 28, no 2, article id e12964Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose was to describe how patients with head and neck cancer experience and cope with difficulties related to food and eating up to two years after the termination of treatment. One hundred and thirty‐five patients were followed with thematically structured interviews. The patients’ responses of nutritional issues were categorised using similarities and differences technique. In the analysis, six categories emerged describing the process of eating and drinking from the end of treatment up to two years after treatment: The constant battle - eating and drinking over time, Food alterations and nutritional support - both pros and cons, Standing aside and not joining in when eating together with others, Finding ways to cope and to make the new a part of everyday life, Relationships and social support - hindrances and facilitators, and Longing for “normality.” Results imply that patients struggle with physiological, psychological and social aspects related to food and eating, and use coping mechanisms to facilitate their eating problems. The best practice for rehabilitation and follow‐up must be established in order to meet the multifaceted needs of head and neck cancer survivors.

  • 91.
    Einarsson, Sandra
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Rapo, Sofia
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Internationalisering på hemmaplan: Inspiration från institutionen för kostvetenskap2017In: Universitetspedagogiska konferensen 2017: undervisning i praktiken – föreläsning, flexibelt eller mitt emellan?, Umeå: Universitetspedagogik och lärandestöd (UPL), Umeå universitet , 2017, p. 42-43Conference paper (Other academic)
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  • 92.
    Ekman, Evelina
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Eliasson, Emma
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Mer grönt på tallriken: En enkätundersökninng om val av vegetariska livsmedel.2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    SAMMANFATTNING

    Bakgrund Vegetarisk kost kan förebygga många välfärdssjukdomar och det finns många olika anledningar till att välja vegetarisk kost. Det är intressant att undersöka vilka skäl som är viktiga för den svenska befolkningen.

    Syfte Att undersöka konsumenternas val kring vegetabiliska livsmedel, om andelen vegetabiliska livsmedel i kosten förändrats de senaste två åren. Vilka de olika anledningarna var beträffande val av vegetabiliska livsmedel samt vilka livsmedel som väljs av konsumenten när de äter vegetariskt.

    Metod En webbaserad enkät med 13 frågor spreds via www.facebook.se. Inklusionskriterium för deltagande var att respondenten fyllt 16 år. Materialet analyserades genom icke-parametriska test där Mann-Whitney U test och Kruskal-Wallis test användes. Signifikansnivån sattes till p-värdet < 0,05.

    Resultat Totalt deltog 122 personer. Största andelen representerades av kvinnor (n=95), högutbildade (n=101) och de med en blandkosthållning (n=82). Medianåldern var 24 år (25:e-75:e percentilen: 23–28 år). Majoriteten (80 %) av deltagarna hade blivit mer positiva till vegetariska livsmedel. Största delen av deltagarna (67 %) uppgav ökad konsumtion av vegetabilier och 53 % uppgav att mängden per portion ökat. Anledningar som uppgavs påverka deltagarna att välja vegetariska alternativ var miljö, hälsa, etik och produktutbudet. Grönsaker, rotfrukter, frukt och bär var vegetabiliska livsmedel som deltagarna uppgav inta mest frekvent.

    Slutsats Studien visar att det finns stora möjligheter till att påverka hur den studerade gruppen väljer. Den positiva inställningen till vegetariskt och förändrad konsumtion tyder på en början av mer medvetenhet gällande mat, hälsa och miljö. Det finns grupper inom den studerade gruppen som inte aktivt väljer vegetabiliskt, men som påverkas av omgivningen. Här finns det möjligheter att göra valet enklare och därmed fortsätta utvecklingen mot mer hållbara matvanor. Fler studier på en mer representativ grupp krävs för säkrare slutsatser.

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  • 93. Eli, Karin
    et al.
    Hörnell, Agneta
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Malek, Mahnoush Etminan
    Nowicka, Paulina
    Water, juice, or soda?: Mothers and grandmothers of preschoolers discuss the acceptability and accessibility of beverages2017In: Appetite, ISSN 0195-6663, E-ISSN 1095-8304, Vol. 112, p. 133-142Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Intake of sugary beverages is strongly associated with weight gain and obesity among children; however, differences between mothers' and grandmothers' attitudes and practices concerning young children's beverage consumption remain unclear. This is notable since about a quarter of families in the US and the UK rely on grandparents as the main providers of informal childcare. The aim of this study is to examine mothers' and maternal grandmothers' attitudes, knowledge, and practices regarding preschool aged children's beverage consumption. The analysis focuses on identifying intergenerational similarities and differences, given the potential impact that such differences might have on young children's beverage consumption habits. Twenty-two semi-structured interviews, representing eleven families, were analyzed using thematic analysis. The sample included all mother – maternal grandmother dyads from The Grandparents Study, which took place in Eugene, Oregon, USA. More than half of mothers and grandmothers met overweight/obesity criteria. Among the children (mean age 4.7 years; five girls and six boys), seven met overweight/obesity criteria. Most mothers and grandmothers were unemployed, and most reported an annual household income below 30,000 USD. The analysis identified three thematic categories: 1) mothers and grandmothers agree about the hierarchy of healthiness between and within beverages, though juice occupies an ambivalent position; 2) mothers and grandmothers cite role modeling and the home environment as important in regulating preschoolers' beverage intake; 3) mothers and grandmothers balance between restricting sugary beverages and using these beverages as treats. The results suggest that when mothers and grandmothers use soda, juice, and juice-drinks as treats, they do so within a wider dynamic of balancing practices, and within two intersecting domains: the hierarchy of beverages, including the still ambivalent status of juice as healthy or unhealthy, and the definition of 'special occasion'.

  • 94.
    Engvall, Jenny
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Carlqvist, Ingrid
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Implementering av den pedagogiska måltiden i förskolan: En observationsstudie i förskolemiljö2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund I Sverige äter barn i 1-5 års ålder ofta flera av dagens måltider på förskola. Matvanor utvecklas och förändras under hela livet, men grunden läggs i unga år. Måltiderna är en del i den pedagogiska verksamheten och när barn och vuxna äter tillsammans ges tillfälle att främja en hälsosam livsstil och ett gott förhållningssätt till mat. Barn påverkas av vad respekterade individer i omgivningen uttrycker om mat. Förhållningssättet till den pedagogiska måltiden är därför intressant.

    Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur pedagoger i förskolan förhåller sig till den pedagogiska måltiden i enlighet med läroplanen.

    Metod Observationer av måltider i en förskola i Umeå kommun. Ljudupptagning av fyra pedagoger under fyra dagar genomfördes. Ljudupptagningarna transkriberades och analyserades tillsammans med observationsanteckningar med hjälp av innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundman.

    Resultat Det fanns tydliga rutiner kring måltidens upplägg, pedagogerna pratade om maten som god. Det lades stor vikt vid bordsskick och pedagogerna lade in egna värderingar i barnens ätande. Måltiderna användes även som lärotillfälle där pedagogerna bl.a. lärde barnen att visa respekt. Det fanns skillnader i hur pedagogerna pratade med flickor respektive pojkar men det fanns även pedagoger som ifrågasatte traditionella könsmönster.

    Slutsats Till viss del implementerades läroplanen i måltiderna. Eftersom det inte fanns några tydliga riktlinjer kring hur den pedagogiska måltiden skulle nyttjas eller genomföras användes dessa tillfällen olika av pedagogerna i denna studie. Enligt studiens resultat bör pedagoger därför få tydligare utbildning i användandet av den pedagogiska måltiden. Även ett mer aktivt arbete med att införliva läroplanen och värdegrunden i måltidssituationen är önskvärt.

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  • 95.
    Enhus, Björn
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Fängström, Thomas
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Livsmedelssäkerhet och matförgiftningar: En enkätundersökning om inställning, kunskap och beteende hos vuxna gällande livsmedelssäkerhet och matförgiftningar2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background There are many food poisoning cases each year in Sweden. Food poisoning is a major cost to the taxpayer; the cost is around 730 million SEK per year. Food poisoning is a generic name for various poisoning through food. The basic requirements for safe food handling are good personal hygiene, checking on goods and temperature controls of the food. In a study in the U.S. 182 of 313 had been food poisoned. 22% of participants thought that it was in a place outside the home. Purpose The purpose of this study is to find out the public's preferences, knowledge, experience and behavior regarding food safety and food poisoning. Method This was a questionnaire study and 99 usable responses were collected. These were compiled in SPSS and Excel. Chi -square test and Fisher's exact test where used to determinate the total significant differences and correlations. The significance level was set at p <0.05. Results A majority of the participants in the survey were unaware of where they should report a food poisoning. The participants were also less aware of the risks of getting food poisoned by food such as baby spinach compared to e.g. chicken that participants were more cautious with. Conclusion Livsmedelsverket and municipalities need to give out information in a way that reaches the public. Information that seems to be needed is what to do in case of food poisoning and where to report it, including information on food safety and facts about food poisoning for a good base of knowledge is needed. The test group underestimated the risk of becoming infected with salmonella by vegetables and few people in the test group knew where to report a food poisoning.

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  • 96.
    Enström, Sara
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Lundell, Therese
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Energi och näringsintag hos studenter på handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet: En tredagars kostregistrering2015Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund Intaget av mättat fett är högt hos Sveriges befolkning och intaget av fibrer, järn och D-vitamin har minskat på senare tid. Kostvanor och livsstil påverkar hälsan och risken att drabbas av folkhälsosjukdomarna; hjärtkärlsjukdom, diabetes, benskörhet, metabola syndromet och cancer. För att minska risken att drabbas av folkhälsosjukdomar är det även viktigt att minska stillasittande. Civilekonomstudenter är en grupp som traditionellt sett har ett stillasittande arbete. Det är därför viktigt att belysa hur närings- och energiintaget ser ut för denna grupp för att kunna motverka ohälsa i ett tidigt stadie.

    Syfte Syftet med studien var att undersöka om civilekonomstudenter vid Umeå universitet uppnår det genomsnittliga behovet (AR) och Nordiska näringsrekommendationer (NNR) gällande närings- och energiintag.

    Metod Metoden som användes var en tredagars kostregistrering. I studien deltog tio civilekonomstudenter. För att analysera rapporterat energi- och näringsintag användes Dietist XP och vid analys jämfördes de framtagna värdena mot NNR och för skillnader mellan kvinnor och män användes Mann- Whitney U test i SPSS med p≤0,05.

    Resultat Männen och kvinnorna hade ett lägre rapporterat energiintag i jämförelse med det beräknade energibehovet. Det totala fettintaget var inom NNR medan intaget av protein översteg NNR. Det rapporterade intaget av fibrer, frukt och grönsaker, enkel- och fleromättade fettsyror understeg NNR medan intaget av mättat fett var högre än NNR. AR för D-vitamin uppnåddes varken av männen eller kvinnorna, medan AR för folat uppnåddes av båda grupper. Järnbehovet uppnåddes av männen men inte av kvinnorna.

    Slutsats: Intaget av mikronäringsämnen var lågt i förhållande till NNR. D- vitaminintaget för samtliga deltagare var under AR. Kvinnorna i studien kan behöva öka intaget av järn då det finns ett ökat behov inom denna åldersgrupp.

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  • 97.
    Ericsson, Madelene
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biosciences.
    Sjödin, Anna
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Burén, Jonas
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Försämrad hjärtfunktion efter fyra veckors intag av lågkolhydrat/högfettkost hos möss: Kan vi lära av translationell forskning?2017In: Svensk kardiologi, ISSN 1400-5816, no 1, p. 33-35Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 98.
    Eriksson, Jim
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Erfarenhet och inställning bland restaurangpersonal gentemot redlighet i fyra städer i norra Sverige2016Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: En studie från Livsmedelsverket där totalt 13 kommuner och en region (Skåne) deltog visade att avvikelser inom redlighet var väldigt vanligt, över 81 % av alla verksamheter hade en eller flera avvikelser inom redlighet. Det finns flera studier om redlighet ur konsumenters perspektiv samt undersökningar från myndigheter, däremot saknas studier ur restaurangverksamheternas perspektiv.  

    Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka restaurangpersonalens inställning och erfarenhet till redlighet. Ytterligare ett syfte var att undersöka om det fanns något samband mellan kön, ålder, erfarenhet, år i branschen, yrkesroll eller typ av verksamhet och inställningen till redlighet.   

    Metod: En webbenkät utformades och skickades ut till 110 verksamheter inom restaurangbranschen i Umeå, Sundsvall, Örnsköldsvik och Härnösand. Av dessa svarade 50 personer. Resultaten bearbetades statistiskt med ”Fishers exact test” med signifikansnivån (p<0,05). 

    Resultat: Studien visade att de flesta hade en positiv inställning till redlighet både för sina kunder och för personlig del. Deltagarna ansåg däremot att myndigheter inte regelbundet kontrollerar verksamheternas redlighet. Det fanns inget signifikant samband mellan syn på redlighet och utbildningsnivå, roll på arbetsplatsen eller antal år i branschen.   Slutsats: Restaurangpersonalen visar på en positiv inställning till redlighet men visar mer spridda åsikter om myndigheternas kontroll och informationsskyldighet. Huvudsyftet med redlighet är att inte vilseleda konsumenter och för att uppfylla detta genom att minska avvikelserna, krävs ett närmare samspel mellan myndighet och verksamhet.

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  • 99.
    Eriksson, Maria
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Kjellander, Maria
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Hantering, utbildning och upplevd kunskap kring födoämnesöverkänslighet bland personal i mottagningskök2011Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background Food is an important part of our social life. If you have food hypersensitivity the joy of sharing food with others becomes more complicated. Food hypersensitivity is divided into two groups, food allergy and food intolerance. Food allergy is an immunological reaction in the body, while food intolerance is a non-immunological reaction. When you cook and serve meals to people with food hypersensitivity, it is important to know what to do, that is why knowledge of food hypersensitivity is needed. Municipalities in Sweden have for some time recognized the lack of knowledge of special diets.

    Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the handling of special diets in the municipal receiving kitchens, and also to examine the perceived knowledge and education on food hypersensitivity among staff.

    Design A questionnaire survey was conducted to make a study of the management of special diets in receiving kitchens. A questionnaire was developed with open and closed questions which were distributed among receiving kitchens in five municipalities. The data were compiled and analyzed in SPSS 18.0.

    Results Five of the 57 participants had no form of education adapted to their tasks. The results showed that a number of participants had previous knowledge in the form of education adapted to their tasks, but indicated a low level of knowledge in dealing with special diets.

    Conclusion The key to serving safe food is training that is tailored to staff work. This study has revealed deficiencies in knowledge and practices in the workplace in the dietary among staff. The need for more education is great among staff in receiving kitchens.

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  • 100.
    Erlandsson, Emma
    et al.
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Johansson, Linda
    Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition.
    Barnmorskors upplevda kunskap om kost och hur bekväma de känner sig med att ge kostråd till gravida kvinnor: En enkätstudie inom mödrahälsovården2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    SAMMANFATTNING

    Bakgrund Barnmorskan har en viktig roll under en kvinnas graviditet då hon har kontinuerlig kontakt med kvinnan under graviditeten och en unik möjlighet att informera kring betydelsen av en hälsosam kosthållning. Att öka förståelsen för hur barnmorskorna känner inför kostrådgivning kan ge verktyg för att utveckla samarbetet mellan barnmorskor och dietister, och därmed förbättra mötet med den gravida kvinnan.

    Syfte Syftet med studien var att utforska hur bekväma barnmorskor var i sin roll att ge kostråd till gravida kvinnor både inom specifika kostområden och generellt.

    Metod En webbenkät med 22 frågor rörande barnmorskornas upplevda bekvämlighet vid kostrådgivning, hur de upplevde sin kunskap och vad de önskade att lära sig mer om skickades ut till minst 360 barnmorskor, varav 139 svarade. Materialet analyserades i SPSS (v.20). Signifikansnivån sattes till p<0,05.

    Resultat Generellt rankade barnmorskorna sin kunskap inom kost som hög, dock svarade endast 35% att de var bekväm att ge kostråd inom alla områden. De kostområden barnmorskorna kände sig mest bekväm med var fett, kolhydrater, mineraler och övervikt medan de var mindre bekväm med allergier och intoleranser, vegetarisk kost och modedieter samt minst bekväm med vegankost. Varken ålder, yrkeserfarenhet, vårdenhet eller storlek på arbetsort påverkade hur bekväma de kände sig.

    Slutsats Trots att barnmorskorna ansåg att de hade goda kunskaper kring kost kände de sig inte helt bekväma att ge kostråd till gravida kvinnor i alla situationer. Resultatet var oberoende av barnmorskornas ålder, yrkeserfarenhet, storlek på arbetsort eller vid vilken vårdenhet de arbetade, vilket tyder på att mer fortbildning borde erbjudas till alla barnmorskor samt att mer kostutbildning borde finnas i barnmorskornas utbildning. Framtida studier skulle kunna undersöka varför barnmorskorna kände sig mindre bekväma inom vissa kostområden.

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