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Svenlin, A.-R., Blom, B., Blom-Nilsson, M. & Grahn, R. (2024). En vetenskaplig genomlysning av missbruksbehandlingen på HVB-hemmet Avstampet i Norr. Umeå: Umeå University
Open this publication in new window or tab >>En vetenskaplig genomlysning av missbruksbehandlingen på HVB-hemmet Avstampet i Norr
2024 (Swedish)Report (Refereed)
Abstract [sv]

Syftet med den vetenskapliga genomlysningen var att undersöka hur, varför och under vilka förutsättningar HVB-hemmet Avstampet i Norr uppnår sina behandlingsresultat. Studien fokuserade på den primärbehandling mot missbruk enligt tolvstegsprogrammet och Recovery Dynamics som bedrivs vid Avstampet. Behandlingen är drog- och medicinfri. 

Studiens design byggde på en programteoriansats med inslag av en måluppfyllelsemodell. Programteoriansatsen användes för att ta fram en lokal och verksamhetsspecifik teori som beskriver, och i viss mån förklarar, hur och varför Avstampet uppnår sina behandlingsresultat. Med hjälp av en måluppfyllelseanalys granskades verksamhetens avsedda och uppnådda mål. Studiens teoretiska referensram bestod av KAIMeR-teorin och den kontextuella modellen vid terapeutisk behandling. Studiens data bygger på tre fokusgruppsintervjuer med personalen som genomfördes under perioden september 2019 till februari 2020.

Det övergripande resultat Avstampet eftersträvar är en långvarig stabil förändring och drogfrihet i klientens liv. Klienterna ska klara av motgångar och utmaningar utan att falla tillbaka i missbruk. I resultatbeskrivning kan man identifiera både kort- och långsiktiga resultat som kan ha en yt-, processuell- eller djupaspekt.  

Recovery Dynamics och manualbaserade insatser utgör centrala delar i behandlingen men kompletteras av informella och situationsanpassade insatser samt gruppinsatser. De informella insatserna baserar sig på medlevarskap och är oftast icke-uttalade. Fyra olika typer av informella insatser kunde identifieras: bemötande och omtanke, fysisk beröring, upplevelser och att agera pedagogiskt opedagogisk. Situationsanpassade insatser skräddarsys på basis av klienternas behov och de kan vara informella eller formella. Gruppinsatser grundar sig i den manualbaserade behandlingen där användningen av gruppsessioner är ett uttalat inslag.

I behandlingen ingår utomterapeutiska faktorer, dvs. behandlingselement som sker utanför Avstampets väggar. Klienterna deltar i AA/NA-möten som ordnas i närområdet. Personalen hjälper klienten med saker som hör till klienternas privatliv. Man uppmuntrar också både klienten och handläggaren att ha kontakt under tiden klienten är på behandlingshemmet. Dessutom är utomterapeutiska faktorer ”inbyggda” i tolvstegsbehandlingen, i och med att de sista stegen (efter primärbehandlingen) innebär att gå ut i samhället och stötta andra individer i aktivt missbruk.

Personalen har en klar uppfattning om vilka antaganden som styr behandlingen och som formar deras förhållningssätt till klienterna. Man utgår från att beroende är en sjukdom med fysiska, mentala och känslomässiga inslag och att behandlingen ska vara fri från mediciner och droger. Personalens handlingar utgår från ett relationellt förhållningssätt och medlevarskap och varje klient har en egen kontaktperson. Ett centralt antagande är att klienten ska lära sig nya verktyg under behandlingen, vilket personalen undervisar om, och att klienten förväntas ta ansvar för sin förändringsprocess, men med vägledning från Avstampet. Klienterna förväntas också stötta varandra under processen och delta i matchningsprocessen av nya klienter.  I studien identifierades fyra främjande kontextuella faktorer: 1) att det på Avstampet finns strikta regler och en tydlig vardagsstruktur som stödjer klienternas förändringsprocess; 2) verksamhetens småskalighet, dvs. att det endast finns 10 platser; 3) personalens starka sammanhållning, laganda och gemensamma synsätt på beroendevård och relationens betydelse för en lyckad behandling; 4) att personalen har god kännedom om, och förståelse för, den kontext klienterna kommer ifrån och att klientens livsvärld utanför behandlingshemmet beaktas vid behov under behandlingen. I studien identifierades inga kontextuella faktorer som direkt motverkar behandlingsresultaten. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Umeå: Umeå University, 2024. p. 74
Series
Evaluation reports - Umeå Centre for Evaluation Research, ISSN 1403-8056
Keywords
Missbruk, Behandling, Tolvstegsbehandling
National Category
Social Work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-222601 (URN)978-91-8070-368-0 (ISBN)
Available from: 2024-03-22 Created: 2024-03-22 Last updated: 2024-03-22Bibliographically approved
Snellman, M.-L., Svenlin, A.-R., Burén, L., Jägerving Isaksson, C., Bergmark, M., Blom, B. & Snellman, F. (2024). Tillsammans för ett bättre liv – livet ut: forskningsöversikt om äldres självständighet och aktiva deltagande i samhällslivet samt hur kommuner kan förbättra sin samhällsplanering. Umeå: Umeå University
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Tillsammans för ett bättre liv – livet ut: forskningsöversikt om äldres självständighet och aktiva deltagande i samhällslivet samt hur kommuner kan förbättra sin samhällsplanering
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2024 (Swedish)Report (Refereed)
Alternative title[sv]
Tillsammans för ett bättre liv – livet ut : forskningsöversikt om äldres självständighet och aktiva deltagande i samhällslivet samt hur kommuner kan förbättra sin samhällsplanering. Ett samverkansprojekt mellan Umeå kommun och Umeå Universitet
Abstract [sv]

Rapporten är ett resultat av ett samverkansprojekt mellan Umeå kommun och Umeå Universitet. Syftet är att ta reda på vilka förhållanden som kan främja äldre invånares möjligheter att bo kvar hemma i eget boende och samtidigt möjliggöra förutsättningar till ett aktivt deltagande i samhällslivet, ökad självständighet och ett förlängt steg till vård- och omsorg.

 Rapporten innehåller en narrativ litteraturöversikt, där målsättningen är att sammanfatta och diskutera empiriska och teoretiska studier på ett område där det saknas en etablerad översikt och kunskapsläget är oklart. Översikten genomfördes i fyra faser: 1) Inledande litteratursökning, 2) Fokuserad litteratursökning, 3) Översiktlig analys av identifierade publikationer, samt 4) Kompletterande sökning och slutlig analys. För att identifiera relevanta publikationer gjordes datorbaserade sökningar i vetenskapliga databaser och etablerade sökmotorer. Det empiriska materialet består av 99 publikationer som slutligen valdes ut och analyserades systematiskt i fem steg.

Resultaten presenteras i fem kapitel: 1) Förhållanden relaterade till den egna personen, 2) Social delaktighet, sociala relationer och nätverk, 3) Boende och bostaden, 4) Digital teknik, 5) Fysisk omgivning. Resultaten visar att för att äldre ska kunna bo kvar hemma krävs ett holistiskt perspektiv som inkluderar både bostaden och den sociala och fysiska miljön utanför. Viktiga faktorer inkluderar självständighet, trygghet och säkerhet inom hemmet, samt att ta hänsyn till äldres egna uppfattningar om stöd och service. Det finns begränsat med forskning med fokus på att främja äldres boende i eget hem, och i rapporten betonas att det är en komplex fråga som kräver insatser från olika discipliner och sektorer. Att se de äldre som individer med varierande behov, och att använda ett personcentrerat förhållningssätt är centralt, trots att många insatser ofta utformas utifrån en homogen bild av äldre.

Baserat på resultaten diskuteras i det sista kapitlet tre huvudteman: Proaktiv bostads- och samhällsplanering, Social delaktighet och tredje rum, samt Digital teknik i den äldres vardag. Där belyses även bristen på studier som tar ett helhetsgrepp kring främjande av äldres vardag och självständighet i olika livssituationer.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Umeå: Umeå University, 2024. p. 89
Series
UCER evaluation reports, ISSN 1403-8056
Keywords
Litteraturöversikt, Äldre invånare, Bo kvar hemma, Aktivt deltagande, Ökad självständighet, Social delaktighet, bostads- och samhällsplanering
National Category
Social Work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-225686 (URN)9789180704359 (ISBN)9789180703680 (ISBN)
Funder
Umeå municipalityUmeå University
Available from: 2024-06-13 Created: 2024-06-13 Last updated: 2024-10-21Bibliographically approved
Moilanen, J., Lehto-Lundén, T., Jägervi, L., Kiili, J., Svensson, K. & Svenlin, A.-R. (2023). Being, becoming and belonging in constructing children’s lived citizenship with contact persons and contact families. Barn, 41(2–3), 74-89
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Being, becoming and belonging in constructing children’s lived citizenship with contact persons and contact families
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2023 (English)In: Barn, ISSN 0800-1669, E-ISSN 2535-5449, Vol. 41, no 2–3, p. 74-89Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The article discusses children’s citizenship by linking the dimensions of being, becoming and belonging to the concept of lived citizenship in the context of contact person and contact family interventions. Drawing on empirical research from Finland and Sweden, the article elaborates on how to identify if, and if so, how, children’s lived citizenship is constructed in contact person and contact family interventions and to what extent these constructions leave room for children’s perspectives. The results of the study indicate that contact person and contact family interventions contribute to the construction of children’s citizenship in various ways that include the perspectives on children and childhood of being, becoming and belonging. However, children’s active participation often seems to be governed by adults. Thus, giving greater attention to children’s intergenerational connections, i.e., adults’ roles in forming children’s citizenship, is needed.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Trondheim: Norsk senter for barneforskning, 2023
Keywords
children, lived citizenship, contact persons, contact families, social work
National Category
Social Work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-212948 (URN)10.23865/barn.v41.5777 (DOI)
Available from: 2023-08-17 Created: 2023-08-17 Last updated: 2023-08-17Bibliographically approved
Svenlin, A.-R. & Lehto-Lundén, T. (2023). Respite care from the child’s perspective: the support family intervention in Finland. Adoption & Fostering: The Quarterly Journal of British Agencies for Adoption & Fostering, 47(2), 138-156
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Respite care from the child’s perspective: the support family intervention in Finland
2023 (English)In: Adoption & Fostering: The Quarterly Journal of British Agencies for Adoption & Fostering, ISSN 0308-5759, E-ISSN 1740-469X, Vol. 47, no 2, p. 138-156Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Support Family Intervention is a social work service provided to children and parents in Finland and other Nordic countries. The child receives a voluntary ‘extra’ family whom they visit on a regular basis one weekend every month. At the same time, the parents get time for recovery and rest. In this article we present the results of two doctoral theses. Our focus is on how the support family can be understood from the child’s point of view. We summarise our results in a programme theory that can be used, for example, when the social worker introduces the service to the family. For the child, the home, the support family and the surroundings provide opportunities for many activities. The most important element is the relationship(s) to which the child gets access in the support family.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sage Publications, 2023
Keywords
child and family service, child’s perspective, contact family, meta-ethnography, programme theory, Respite care, short breaks care, support family
National Category
Social Work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-212313 (URN)10.1177/03085759231176566 (DOI)001030292500003 ()2-s2.0-85164959610 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2023-07-25 Created: 2023-07-25 Last updated: 2025-04-24Bibliographically approved
Thoresen, S. H., Allgurin, M., Gubrium, E., Svenlin, A.-R. & Anand, J. C. (2023). Spring 2023. Nordic Social Work Research, 13(2), 175-175
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Spring 2023
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2023 (English)In: Nordic Social Work Research, ISSN 2156-857X, E-ISSN 2156-8588, Vol. 13, no 2, p. 175-175Article in journal, Editorial material (Other academic) Published
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Routledge, 2023
National Category
Social Work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-210201 (URN)10.1080/2156857X.2023.2214018 (DOI)2-s2.0-85161240515 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2023-06-28 Created: 2023-06-28 Last updated: 2023-06-28Bibliographically approved
Blom, B., Svenlin, A.-R., Grahn, R. & Blom-Nilsson, M. (2023). Symposium: Below the surface ­– Critical realism and social work research. In: : . Paper presented at FORSA 2023 Conference – Social work in changing times- challenges and new opportunities. Bodø, Norway, June 14-16, 2023.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Symposium: Below the surface ­– Critical realism and social work research
2023 (English)Conference paper, Oral presentation only (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The theme of the symposium is how critical realism has been applied in social work research since the early 2000s. This symposium is strongly linked to the subtheme of Theory and practice in social work and more specific to theory development in social work. 

The aim of the symposium is to describe and discuss research where critical realism (CR) has been applied as a theoretical framework, and to inspire others to utilize CR in social work research. The first presentation is based on a systematic literature review of critical realism in social work research conducted between 2001 and 2022. The following two presentations concentrates on the CAIMeR-theory (Blom & Morén 2010; 2019), which is a general theory developed at Umeå University, based on CR, used for explaining client outcomes. The second presentation focuses on a revised version of the CAIMeR-theory. The third presentation demonstrates how the CAIMeR-theory underpinned and guided a small evaluation project. 

The presentations in the symposium will address central concepts of CR in different ways, and will altogether, serve as an introduction to critical realism and its use in social work research in different contexts.    

Abstract [en]

Critical realism, realist evaluation and social work research: A systematic review

Authors: Anu-Riina Svenlin & Didier Boost

Background: Critical Realism (CR), as a philosophy of science, was conceived by Roy Bhaskar (1979) as an alternative to empiricism and postmodernism; approaches which at the time had been dominating and dividing the social sciences. In social work, CR has been gaining momentum since Stan Houston (2001), Björn Blom and Stefan Morén (2003) convincingly argued how the paradigm can contribute to social work practice, research, and theory. Given the paradigm’s tendency to prioritize ontology over epistemology, CR has been applied in social work research in various ways, including realist evaluation (Kazi, 2003), in combination with grounded theory (Oliver, 2011), and the development of CAIMeR-theory (Blom & Morén, 2010). To further advance the use of CR, we argue that there is a need to analyze how CR and realist evaluation have contributed to the social work research.  

Method: In our review, we question (1) what is the motivation for using CR? (2) how is CR applied? (3) what empirical and theoretical contributions has been made to the body-of-knowledge? (4) which methodological issues are raised? To answer these questions a systematic review was conducted. Peer-reviewed articles (PsychInfo; Web of Science) relying on CR or realist evaluation between 2001 and 2022 were included. 

Findings and conclusion: The dataset will be analyzed in the spring 2023 and preliminary findings will be presented at the symposium. The results provide answers to the above-mentioned questions but allow also reflections on the strengths, weaknesses, and further prospects of using CR in social work research. 

Abstract [en]

The CAIMeR theory 2.0 – lessons learned and future prospects for evaluation in social work practice

Authors: Björn Blom, Didier Boost and Anu-Riina Svenlin

Background: The CAIMeR theory, developed for improving evaluation of social work practice, began to be outlined at Umeå University in the early 2000s. CAIMeR is a middle-range theory that primarily aims to explain how client outcomes arise. The theory is descriptive, in the sense that it stipulates the basic components of social work practice – Contexts, Actors, Interventions, Mechanisms, and Results – and how they interact. Furthermore, it is explanatory since it identifies generative mechanisms, and contextual conditions which underpin how change is realized in social work practice.

CAIMeR has been published in various versions and stages of development. The real impact, however, occurred after an international publication in 2010. Since then, CAIMeR has been used in research, evaluation, education and social work practice both in Sweden and in other countries (e.g. Australia, Belgium, Finland and Denmark).

Method: Throughout the years, the originators themselves (Björn Blom & Stefan Morén) and several other researchers have identified both advantages and weaknesses with the theory, and they have experimented with applying it in different contexts and welfare regimes. This called for a further development of the theory. We will present a revised version of the CAIMeR theory, which we accomplished by compiling different research experiences and analyzing pros and cons of applying the theory.

Findings and conclusion: The revised version includes e.g. new generative mechanisms, and a clarification and addition of contextual conditions. The result is a more usable theory that can guide researchers and social workers to obtain explanatory knowledge when evaluating social work practice.

Abstract [en]

How CAIMeR theory was used in the evaluation of a treatment center that conducts twelve-step treatment for substance use disorders

Authors: Marcus Blom-Nilsson, Robert Grahn, Anu-Riina Svenlin & Björn Blom

Background: We have carried out a pilot evaluation of a treatment center conducting treatment for substance use disorders with men aged 18 and over. The treatment is based on manual based twelve-step treatment, Recovery Dynamics.

The evaluation used a program theory approach with the goal of developing a local and organization-specific theory describing and explaining how and why the treatment center achieves outcomes. We have taken into account Contexts, Actors, Interventions, Mechanisms and Results by using the CAIMeR theory.

Method: Two types of data were used: 1) Focus group interviews with staff: i.e. semi-structured group interviews about prerequisites, interventions/processes and results. 2) Feedback group discussions: our observations and analysis have been discussed in meetings at the treatment center.

Findings and conclusion

The study shows:

  • that Contexts, Interventions and Results are more multifaceted, and interact in a more complex way, than what the organization itself perceives,
  • that informal support interventions (e.g. going fishing) seem to be more common and sometimes more important than the formal treatment interventions (e.g. group therapy),
  • that a basic assumption in the treatment – ​​"that addiction is a chronic mental illness" – is reinforced and confirmed via the mechanism of the self-fulfilling prophecy. This is because it is built into the twelve-step treatment that the clients should have a lifelong contact with the non-profit AA/NA self-help movement, and they must themselves act as support for other addicts after treatment has ended.

Our presentation demonstrates how CAIMeR theory underpinned and guided evaluation process, data collection, analysis and presentation of results.

Keywords
critical realism, CAIMeR-theory
National Category
Other Social Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-212946 (URN)
Conference
FORSA 2023 Conference – Social work in changing times- challenges and new opportunities. Bodø, Norway, June 14-16, 2023
Available from: 2023-08-17 Created: 2023-08-17 Last updated: 2023-08-17Bibliographically approved
Allgurin, M., Anand, J. C., Gubrium, E., Svenlin, A.-R. & Thoresen, S. H. (2023). The 'social' in social work. Nordic Social Work Research, 13(1), 1-3
Open this publication in new window or tab >>The 'social' in social work
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2023 (English)In: Nordic Social Work Research, ISSN 2156-857X, E-ISSN 2156-8588, Vol. 13, no 1, p. 1-3Article in journal, Editorial material (Other academic) Published
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Routledge, 2023
National Category
Social Work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-205349 (URN)10.1080/2156857X.2023.2176015 (DOI)2-s2.0-85148442774 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2023-04-03 Created: 2023-04-03 Last updated: 2023-04-03Bibliographically approved
Snellman, M.-L., Svenlin, A.-R., Burén, L., Jägerving Isaksson, C., Snellman, F., Bergmark, M. & Blom, B. (2023). What needs must be met for older people to be able to stay at home longer?: A scoping review by multi-professional collaborators. In: : . Paper presented at FORSA 2023 Conference – Social work in changing times- challenges and new opportunities. Bodø, Norway, June 14-16, 2023.
Open this publication in new window or tab >>What needs must be met for older people to be able to stay at home longer?: A scoping review by multi-professional collaborators
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2023 (English)Conference paper, Oral presentation only (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Background: In Sweden and in many other countries, the proportion of older people will increase dramatically over the next ten years. Resources such as residential care will not be sufficient for the needs within the target group to the same extent as today. Organizations responsible for care needs to initiate new solutions to promote older people’s independence, active participation to extend the age of onset for elderly care interventions. This societal challenge was investigated through a scoping review with an overarching research question: What needs must be met for older people to be able to stay at home longer?

Review: Sub-questions were designed informed by Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Which conditions make it possible for older people to stay at home longer regarding: 1) the person her/himself?, 2) the housing?, 3) the social relations?, 4) the surroundings? Several databases and search engines were used to search for a range of literature published 2000-2021, in English and Scandinavian languages. The search resulted in approx. 2500 abstracts of which 386 publications were selected.

Results: A preliminary assessment indicates that:

- the research area is heterogeneous (many different disciplines, target groups, questions, designs and theories).

- the publications include person-related factors (73%), environment-related factors (19%) and housing factors (8%).

- person-related factors include physical conditions (35%), psychological conditions (24%) and social relationships (13%).

We will present a compilation of preconditions that enable older people to stay at home longer, as well as demonstrate a model of how these preconditions are interrelated.

National Category
Social Work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-213011 (URN)
Conference
FORSA 2023 Conference – Social work in changing times- challenges and new opportunities. Bodø, Norway, June 14-16, 2023
Available from: 2023-08-18 Created: 2023-08-18 Last updated: 2024-07-02Bibliographically approved
Thoresen, S. H., Anand, J. C., Gubrium, E., Wilinska, M. & Svenlin, A.-R. (2022). Introducing the new editors of Nordic social work research. Nordic Social Work Research, 12(1), 1-4
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Introducing the new editors of Nordic social work research
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2022 (English)In: Nordic Social Work Research, ISSN 2156-857X, E-ISSN 2156-8588, Vol. 12, no 1, p. 1-4Article in journal, Editorial material (Other academic) Published
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Routledge, 2022
National Category
Social Work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-193686 (URN)10.1080/2156857X.2022.2047313 (DOI)2-s2.0-85127246363 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2022-05-03 Created: 2022-05-03 Last updated: 2022-07-12Bibliographically approved
Organisations
Identifiers
ORCID iD: ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0002-0930-3193

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