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This review aims to prospect the development and utilization of proton-conducting biopolymers as sustainable matters. Its focal point is a move to sustainable materials of environment-friendly alternatives to conventional plastics. The review explores the properties and development techniques related to proton conduction in biopolymers and highlights their practical applications. Proton conductivity, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and chemical compatibility are pivotal features for creating advanced materials where biomaterials offer a sustainable production pathway for such materials. Methods for enhancing these properties include blending with similar biomaterials, making chemical modifications, creating nanostructures, and employing hybrid fabrication techniques. Improved proton conductivity is possible by forming proton pathways, attributed to chains of water molecules. These enhanced conductive materials have applications in fuel cells, sensors, ion separation membranes, and biomedical devices. Nature-derived biomimetic materials may offer such adaptable solutions that could also be eco-friendly and support a circular economy. This study has implications for industry professionals and researchers in the fields of energy and consumer electronics, highlighting the potential of biopolymers as key elements in sustainable product development.