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The aim of this chapter is to draw attention to the use of ICT in the building and construction industry with a special interest in the day-to-day activities of those companies that are working to develop more environmentally friendly and sustainable production processes. The chapter is based on a comprehensive survey of ICT use and attitudes to environmental related issues in middle and large sized construction companies in Sweden and two case studies: One of ICT use in a larger Swedish building and construction company and one of communication, coordination, and decision making processes in a construction project. Based on the empirical data we argue that in order to enhance a more environmentally friendly building and construction industry there is a need for a more genuine cooperation and knowledge sharing between different actors both in crossing project boundaries as well as overriding contractual limitations. Decisions in a construction project must be taken earlier in the process and construction companies need to focus more on those processes over which they actually do have power.

ICT-triggered change processes are known to be unpredictable and technologies are not used the way designers or managers intend because of actor groups' innovation when ICT is deployed. The examination of sources of innovation in ICT-triggered change processes has had a socio-cognitive bias toward learning and the way actors make sense of ICT. This paper addresses the role of technology for actors in spaces of innovation. The aim of the paper is to analyze how features of ICT shape spaces for innovation in ICT-triggered change processes. To achieve this, two longitudinal case studies of the deployment of two ICT systems are analyzed. By analyzing features as programs of action inscribed in an ICT, we conclude that programs of action can be grouped along the dimensions "use/not use," "what to do," and "how to do." These dimensions will shape actor groups' spaces of innovation and their potential influence on deployment of ICT. Furthermore, we address how inscribed programs of action shape the need for temporal alliances between actor groups during the deployment of an ICT system.