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The objective of this study was to culturally adapt the Thriving of Older People Assessment Scale (TOPAS) instrument and evaluate its psychometric properties. The study was carried out in two phases: cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation and refinement through a cross-sectional study conducted between 2018 and 2020 with 314 participants. The refinement resulted in an abbreviated version of TOPAS, maintaining the original 5 factors with 16 items. Cronbach alpha was 0.91. Composite reliability (0.72–0.89) and average variance extracted (0.57–0.81), supporting discriminant validity. Maximum shared variance for the factors (0.22–0.50) and average shared variance (0.16–0.31), demonstrating discriminant validity. The abbreviated version of TOPAS showed evidence of being a valid and reliable instrument for measuring the adaptability of elderly residents in institutions. Implementing this instrument in Spanish nursing homes allows for a continuous evaluation of residents' well-being in relation to their environment, a construct not previously assessed with available scales.