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CAM-Delam assay to score metastatic properties by quantifying delamination and invasion capacity of cancer cells
Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM). Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical and Translational Biology.
Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM). Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical and Translational Biology. Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lithuania.
Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM). Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical and Translational Biology.
2022 (English)In: Journal of Visualized Experiments, E-ISSN 1940-087X, no 184, article id e64025Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The major cause of cancer-related deaths is metastasis formation (i.e., when cancer cells spread from the primary tumor to distant organs and form secondary tumors). Delamination, defined as the degradation of the basal lamina and basement membrane, is the initial process that facilitates the transmigration and spread of cancer cells to other tissues and organs. Scoring the delamination capacity of cancer cells would indicate the metastatic potential of these cells. We have developed a standardized method, the ex ovo CAM-Delam assay, to visualize and quantify the ability of cancer cells to delaminate and invade, thereby being able to assess metastatic aggressiveness. Briefly, the CAM-Delam method includes seeding cancer cells in silicone rings on the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) at embryonic day 10, followed by incubation from hours to a few days. The CAM-Delam assay includes the use of an internal humidified chamber during chick embryo incubation. This novel approach increased embryo survival from 10%-50% to 80%-90%, which resolved previous technical problems with low embryo survival rates in different CAM assays. Next, the CAM samples with associated cancer cell clusters were isolated, fixed, and frozen. Finally, cryostat-sectioned samples were visualized and analyzed for basement membrane damage and cancer cell invasion using immunohistochemistry. By evaluating various known metastatic and non-metastatic cancer cell lines designed to express green fluorescent protein (GFP), the CAM-Delam quantitative results showed that the delamination capacity patterns reflect metastatic aggressiveness and can be scored into four categories. Future use of this assay, apart from quantifying delamination capacity as an indication of metastatic aggressiveness, is to unravel the molecular mechanisms that control delamination, invasion, the formation of micrometastases, and changes in the tumor microenvironment.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Journal of Visualized Experiments , 2022. no 184, article id e64025
National Category
Cell and Molecular Biology Cancer and Oncology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-203195DOI: 10.3791/64025ISI: 000898056900081PubMedID: 35723486Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85132454671OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-203195DiVA, id: diva2:1728360
Funder
Swedish Cancer Society, 18 0463Swedish Research Council, 2017-01430Cancerforskningsfonden i NorrlandAvailable from: 2023-01-18 Created: 2023-01-18 Last updated: 2024-08-23Bibliographically approved

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Green, TamiSlekiene, LinaGunhaga, Lena

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