Excavations close to the Anglo-Saxon church at Conisbrough, South Yorkshire, UK, revealed a plank-walled construction dated by dendrochronology to the late sixth or early seventh century. It is suggested that this formed part of a stock pond for fish, associated with an elite residence to which a partly surviving Anglo-Saxon church incorporating Northumbrian features is related. Environmental evidence shows a neglected wood pasture landscape associated with the infilling of a ditch which cuts through the structure. This is likely to be related either to a burh centred on the church or to a deer park established shortly after the Norman Conquest and associated with the castle.