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Hybrid Quantum Monte Carlo Simulations of an Unconstrained U(1) Lattice Gauge Theory with Fermionic Matter
Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Physics.
2026 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [en]

We study a compact U(1) lattice gauge theory using a self-built Hybrid Monte Carlo (HMC) program. The starting point is the parton construction of the Heisenberg spin chain where the spins are fractionalized into spinons coupled to an emergent compact U(1) gauge field. Here we do not impose Gauss's law, such that the Hamiltonian describes an unconstrained lattice gauge theory. We make theoretical calculations of the ground-state phase diagram and identify an emergent SO(4) symmetry in the strong-coupling limit. Furthermore, the weak coupling limit corresponds to frozen gauge fields which results in a free fermionic phase that is unstable in one dimension. The phase diagram is supported by carrying out HMC simulations which also allow us to study the dynamical generation of Gauss's law at low energy scales. We find that the theory accurately predicts the numerical findings and establish that HMC works as a method for simulating unconstrained gauge theories in (1+1)-dimensions. 

Abstract [sv]

Vi studerar en kompakt U(1)-gittergaugeteori med hjälp av ett egenbyggt program för Hybrid Monte Carlo (HMC). Utgångspunkten är en partonkonstruktion av Heisenberg-spinnkedjan, där spinn fraktionaliseras till spinoner kopplade till ett emergerande kompakt U(1)-gaugefält. Här påtvingar vi inte Gauss lag, vilket gör att hamiltonianen beskriver en obegränsad gittergaugeteori. Vi utför teoretiska beräkningar av grundtillståndets fasdiagram och identifierar en emergerande SO(4)-symmetri för stark koppling. Dessutom motsvarar gränsen för svag koppling frysta gaugefält, vilket resulterar i en fri fermionfas som är instabil i en dimension. Fasdiagrammet stöds av genomförda HMC-simuleringar, vilka även tillåter oss att studera den dynamiska genereringen av Gauss lag vid låga energinivåer. Vi finner att teorin förutsäger de numeriska resultaten och fastställer att HMC fungerar som en metod för att simulera obegränsade gaugeteorier i (1+1) dimensioner.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2026. , p. 68
Keywords [en]
Hybrid Monte Carlo; Lattice gauge theory; Wess-Zumino-Witten model; Unconstrained gauge theory.
National Category
Condensed Matter Physics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-259351OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-259351DiVA, id: diva2:2106885
External cooperation
University of Würzburg, Theoretical Physics I
Subject / course
Examensarbete i teknisk fysik
Educational program
Master of Science Programme in Engineering Physics
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2026-10-01 Created: 2026-10-01 Last updated: 2026-10-01Bibliographically approved

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4243444546474845 of 264
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

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Citation style
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