The aim of this paper is to analyse future challenges in Swedish preschools according to childrens right to learn in and through the arts (Bamford, 2006). This presentation adress how students and one professional composer describe their process of learning related to arts subjects in preschool. A report from the Swedish Arts Council stresses the need of professional artists in preschool. It is also expected that preschool teachers incorporate national curriculum goals which include areas with focus on arts subjects. Sheridan et al. (2011) describes how Swedish preschool teaching has been changed and shows that different areas needs to be developed. Ehrlin (2014) talks about few academic credits in the aesthetic subjects which implicate the training of future preschool teachers. Illeris (2015) emphasise three qualities in relation to competence development; functionality, sensitivity and sociality of learning and believe that all three dimensions must be included in learning. The study is interpretative, conducted from an experience-near perspective (Dewey, 1934). The data is collected to semi-structured interviews with one professional composer and 55 narrative texts written by preschool students during their second course in aesthetic subjects. All respondents were informed about the study and ethics guidelines. Participation was voluntary. Collected data were anonymised with guarantee of confidentiality. All identifying characteristics in the texts have been changed. The paper will discuss the process of learning as competence development from different approaches in terms of professional knowledge, understanding and skills related to arts subjects. What learning processes and training needs, do the participants describe?