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Heparin-binding protein in ventilator-induced lung injury.
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgisk och perioperativ vetenskap, Anestesiologi och intensivvård. Anestesiläkaravdelningen, Östersund Hospital, Östersund, Sweden.ORCID-id: 0000-0001-8598-9804
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgisk och perioperativ vetenskap, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för kirurgisk och perioperativ vetenskap, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
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2018 (Engelska)Ingår i: Intensive Care Medicine Experimental, E-ISSN 2197-425X, Vol. 6, nr 1, artikel-id 33Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: Although mechanical ventilation is often lifesaving, it can also cause injury to the lungs. The lung injury is caused by not only high pressure and mechanical forces but also by inflammatory processes that are not fully understood. Heparin-binding protein (HBP), released by activated granulocytes, has been indicated as a possible mediator of increased vascular permeability in the lung injury associated with trauma and sepsis. We investigated if HBP levels were increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) or plasma in a pig model of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). We also investigated if HBP was present in BALF from healthy volunteers and in intubated patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).

METHODS: Anaesthetized pigs were randomized to receive ventilation with either tidal volumes of 8 ml/kg (controls, n = 6) or 20 ml/kg (VILI group, n = 6). Plasma and BALF samples were taken at 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6 h. In humans, HBP levels in BALF were sampled from 16 healthy volunteers and from 10 intubated patients being cared for in the ICU.

RESULTS: Plasma levels of HBP did not differ between pigs in the control and VILI groups. The median HBP levels in BALF were higher in the VILI group after 6 h of ventilation compared to those in the controls (1144 ng/ml (IQR 359-1636 ng/ml) versus 89 ng/ml (IQR 33-191 ng/ml) ng/ml, respectively, p = 0.02). The median HBP level in BALF from healthy volunteers was 0.90 ng/ml (IQR 0.79-1.01 ng/ml) as compared to 1959 ng/ml (IQR 612-3306 ng/ml) from intubated ICU patients (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: In a model of VILI in pigs, levels of HBP in BALF increased over time compared to controls, while plasma levels did not differ between the two groups. HBP in BALF was high in intubated ICU patients in spite of the seemingly non-harmful ventilation, suggesting that inflammation from other causes might increase HBP levels.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
SpringerOpen , 2018. Vol. 6, nr 1, artikel-id 33
Nyckelord [en]
HBP, Neutrophils, Pigs, Ventilator-induced lung injury
Nationell ämneskategori
Anestesi och intensivvård
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-151814DOI: 10.1186/s40635-018-0198-xISI: 000445485300001PubMedID: 30203380Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85088034342OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-151814DiVA, id: diva2:1247923
Tillgänglig från: 2018-09-13 Skapad: 2018-09-13 Senast uppdaterad: 2024-07-02Bibliografiskt granskad
Ingår i avhandling
1. Heparin-binding protein and organ failure in critical illness
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Heparin-binding protein and organ failure in critical illness
2019 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

Background: For patients severely ill enough to require care in an intensive care unit (ICU), both the disease itself (e.g. bacteria in the blood in sepsis or fractures after trauma) and effects of the immune system can cause circulatory, pulmonary, or renal dysfunction. Leukocytes play a dominant role in the immune system.  When activated they release a range of small proteins with different properties Heparin-binding protein (HBP) being one of these proteins, has many functions, including to increase vascular permeability. Heparin-binding protein causes plasma leakage from blood vessels into surrounding tissue (oedema), which can lead to  organ dysfunction depending on the site and degree of oedema formation. Increased concentration of HBP in plasma is associated with failing circulation and lung function in subgroups of critically ill patients.

Aims: We investigated the possibility of using concentration of HBP in plasma for predicting circulatory, respiratory or renal failure in an ICU population with mixed diagnosis. We assessed concentration of HBP in alveoli in ventilator induced lung injury (VILI), and finally assessed elimination of HBP in urine and effluent fluid from continuous dialysis.

Methods: In Papers I and II, HBP concentration in plasma was measured in 278 patients on admission to ICU. Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores and acute kidney injury (AKI) stage were recorded daily. In Paper III HBP concentration in bronco-alveolar fluid was measured in a pig model of ventilatory induced lung injury, in 16 healthy volunteers and in 10 intubated ICU patients. In Paper IV plasma and urine concentration of HBP was measured in 8 healthy volunteers and 20 burn ICU patients. In addition, HBP was sampled in plasma and effluent fluid in 32 ICU patients on continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).

Results: In Paper I, patients developing circulatory failure (circulatory sub-score of SOFA = 4) had higher plasma concentration of HBP compared to those who did not (median(IQR)ng/ml) (63.5(32–105) vs 36.4(24–59)) p<0.01), and patients developing respiratory failure (P:F ratio < 27) had higher HBP concentration than those who did not (44.4(30-109) vs 35.2(23-57) p<0.01). Discriminatory capacity was (ROC AUC (95%CI)) (0.65 (0.54–0.76)) for circulatory failure and (0.61(0.54–0.69)) for respiratory failure. In Paper II, patients developing renal failure (AKI stage 2-3) had higher plasma concentration of HBP compared to those who did not (72.1 (13.0–131.2) vs 34.5 (19.7–49.3) p<0.01). Discriminatory capacity for AKI stage 3 was 0.68(0.54-0.83) (ROC AUC (95%CI)). In the subgroup with severe sepsis, it was  0.93 (0.85–1.00). In Paper III, HBP concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage was higher in pigs subjected to injurious ventilation over 6 hours ventilation compared to controls (1144(359–1636) vs 89(33–191) p=0.02) (median(IQR)ng/ml). The median HBP concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage from healthy volunteers was 0.90(0.79– 1.01) compared to 1959(612–3306) from intubated ICU patients (p < 0.01).In Paper IV, renal clearance of HBP was 0.19 (0.08-0.33) in healthy individuals and 0.30 (0.01-1.04)  (median, IQR, ml/min)  in burn ICU patients. Clearance of HBP was higher in burn patients with increased cystatin C (0.45(0.15-2.81) vs. 0.28(0.14-0.55) p=0.04). Starting CRRT did not alter plasma concentration of HBP (p=0.14). Median HBP concentration in effluent fluid on CRRT was 9.1 ng/ml (7.8-14.4).

Conclusions: Papers I and II:There is an association between high concentration of HBP in plasma on ICU admission and circulatory, respiratory and renal failure. For the individual patient, the predictive value of a high HBP concentration is low, with the possible exception of renal failure in septic patients. Paper III:HBP concentration in alveoli increases in pigs subjected to injurious ventilation. HBP concentration in alveoli of intubated ICU patients ventilated protectively is elevated to similar levels, a factor of approximately 1000 times higher than the concentration seen in healthy controls. Paper IV:In healthy study participants, renal clearance of HBP is low. In critically ill burn patients with impaired renal function, clearance of HBP is increased. Starting CRRT in critically ill patients does not alter plasma concentration of HBP. Still, HBP is found in the CRRT effluent fluid, and concentration does not appear to be dependent on plasma concentration.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Umeå: Umeå universitet, 2019. s. 50
Serie
Umeå University medical dissertations, ISSN 0346-6612 ; 2039
Nyckelord
Heparin-binding protein, Critical care, Shock, Acute respiratory distress syndrome, Acute kidney injury, Ventilator induced lung injury, Renal clearance
Nationell ämneskategori
Anestesi och intensivvård
Forskningsämne
anestesiologi
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-162915 (URN)978-91-7855-083-8 (ISBN)
Disputation
2019-10-11, Hörsalen Snäckan, Östersunds sjukhus, Östersund, 09:00 (Svenska)
Opponent
Handledare
Tillgänglig från: 2019-09-20 Skapad: 2019-09-02 Senast uppdaterad: 2024-07-02Bibliografiskt granskad

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Tydén, JonasLarsson, NiklasLehtipalo, StefanHultin, MagnusBehndig, Annelie F.Johansson, Joakim

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