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Differential Item Functioning (DIF) exists if an item is more difficult or discriminating for one group of participants than for another. When translating items into other languages a DIF analysis is especially valuable for evaluating the agreement among items translated into different languages. Different approaches to measure DIF will be reviewed and commented. Some results on the relationship between DIF analyses on the Emotional Skills and Competence Questionnaire (ESCQ). It is self-rating instrument developed in Croatian settings. The questionnaire consists of 45 items and three scales: Perceive and Understand, Express and Label, and Manage and Regulate. Responses are given in accordance with a 5-point Likert scale. The ESCQ has been translated to a number of languages in four continents (Europe, Asia, North and South America). In the present context special focus is directed to problems related to translation and adaptation of the instrument from Croatian to Swedish.