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The politics of early assessment in mathematics education
Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Science and Mathematics Education. Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Umeå Mathematics Education Research Centre (UMERC). Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of applied educational science.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7182-5649
Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Science and Mathematics Education.
2019 (English)In: CERME 11: Proceedings of the Eleventh Congress of the European Society for Research in Mathematics Education / [ed] [ed] Jankvist, U. T., Van den Heuvel-Panhuizen, M., & Veldhuis, M., European Society for Research in Mathematics Education, 2019, p. 1831-1838Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

One of the latest reforms in Sweden in order to increase equity and quality in education is making national assessment compulsory in preschool-class (age 6). The claimed political volition is all students’ best possible mathematical development. In this paper, we examine the preparatory work, the assignment to the National Agency of Education, and the assessment material itself, searching for what meaning is inscribed regarding the student, mathematics and assessment. The results imply that the politics of the assessment might exaggerate a search for flaws and control instead of promoting all students learning and in addition contributing to the schoolification of preschool-class.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
European Society for Research in Mathematics Education, 2019. p. 1831-1838
Series
European Society for Research in Mathematics Education
Keywords [en]
Early assessment, preschool-class, development in mathematics, national assessment
National Category
Pedagogy
Research subject
education
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-168745ISBN: 978-90-73346-75-8 (electronic)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-168745DiVA, id: diva2:1413080
Conference
11th Congress of the European Society for Research in Mathematics Education (CERME11), Utrecht, the Netherlands, February 6-10, 2019
Note

TWG10: Diversity and Mathematics Education : Social, Cultural and Political Challenges

HAL ID: hal-02421225, version 1

Available from: 2020-03-09 Created: 2020-03-09 Last updated: 2020-06-24Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Att räkna med alla elever: följa och främja matematiklärande i förskoleklass
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Att räkna med alla elever: följa och främja matematiklärande i förskoleklass
2020 (Swedish)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Alternative title[sv]
When all students count : tracking and promoting mathematics learning in preschool-class
Abstract [sv]

Förskoleklassen har en speciell position mellan två skilda kulturer där utveckling och lärande har olika betydelse. Avhandlingens syfte är att bidra med kunskap om förskoleklasslärares möjligheter att följa och främja alla elevers utveckling och lärande i matematik. Avhandlingen består av fyra studier. Studie I utgjordes av en intervention med en intervention- och en kontrollgrupp som både följdes genom observationer och utvärderades genom för- och eftertest. Interventionen bestod av undervisningsmaterialet Tänka, resonera och räkna i förskoleklass (TRR), samt tillhörande fortbildning. Två uppföljningsstudier genomfördes. I Studie II undersöktes vilka effekter TRR hade på matematikutvecklingen på kort och lång sikt. Studie III undersökte eventuella skillnader på nationella provet gällande prestation på olika matematikområden. Slutligen i studie IV undersöktes genom en textanalys, hur policydokument har potential att styra införandet av bedömningsstödet Hitta matematiken (HM) i förskoleklass utifrån framskrivandet av eleven, matematiken och bedömning. Genom studie I, II och IV besvaras hur stöd- och undervisningsmaterial formar förskoleklasslärares föreställningar och förmågor relativt matematik, bedömning och elever som riskerar att hamna i matematiksvårigheter. Studie I, II och III besvarar hur TRR påverkar kunskapsutveckling i matematik hos elever som riskerar att hamna i matematiksvårigheter (i-risk-elever) på såväl kort som lång sikt.

Resultaten i avhandlingen visar att förskoleklasslärares förmåga att följa i-risk-elevers kunskapsutveckling i TRR ökade med förskoleklasslärarnas medvetenhet om sina egna ämneskunskaper. Denna ökning ägde rum trots att bedömning var en perifer aspekt i TRR. Resultaten visar vidare att med TRR blev tillfällen för bedömning en naturligt integrerad process i undervisningen. I vilken förskoleklasslärarna i sina bedömningar identifierade innehåll i undervisningen och svårigheter i lärandet av ett matematiskt innehåll snarare än elever. Detta skiljer sig från bedömningsstödet, för vilket resultatet visar att bedömnings-tillfällen framställs som en avgränsad planerad aktivitet där målet är just att kontrollera elevernas kunskaper. Bedömning är i bedömningsstödet, i motsats till i TRR, framställd som ett behov att fånga elevens inre föreställningar, tänkande och brister. 

Resultaten visar också att elevernas kunskapsutveckling var större i TRR-gruppen än i kontrollgruppen, särskilt för i-risk-elever. Detta indikerar att inkluderande matematikundervisning med fokus på resonemang om representationer av tal ger möjligheter att utveckla god räkneförmåga för alla elever och är särskilt stödjande för i-risk-elevers lärande. Avhandlingens resultat visar alltså en positiv effekt för i-risk-elever, och kanske lika viktigt, inga indikationer på att TRR skulle vara sämre för elever som inte är en i-risk-elev.

Abstract [en]

The Swedish preschool-class is a unique type of schooling between preschool and school, intended as a bridge between two cultures, where development and learning have different meanings. The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the knowledge of preschool-class teachers’ opportunities to track and promote the development and learning of all students in mathematics. The thesis consists of four studies. Study I was a controlled intervention. The intervention consisted of the teaching material Think, reason and count in preschool-class (TRC) and an auxiliary professional development programme. Both the TRC group and the control group were followed by observations and evaluated by pre- and post-tests. Two follow-up studies were carried out. Study II investigated the effect of TRC on mathematics development in the short and long term. Study III looked further into differences in results on the subtests of the national test in grade 3. Study IV examined how the student, mathematics and assessment are fabricated in policy documents regarding the imposition of the assessment material for preschool-class, Find the mathematics (FM). Together, Study I, II and IV answer how support and teaching materials shape preschool-class teachers’ ideas and abilities regarding mathematics, assessment and students at risk of mathematical difficulties. Study I, II and III answer how TRC affects the mathematical development of students who are at risk of mathematics difficulties (at-risk-students) in the short and long term.

The results show that, with TRC, the preschool-class teachers’ ability to track the knowledge development of at-risk-students increased with awareness of the teachers’ own subject knowledge, despite the fact that assessment was a peripheral aspect of TRC. The results show that, with TRC, assessment became a naturally integrated process in teaching, where preschool-class teachers identified difficult content and obstacles in learning mathematical content rather than identifying students. In contrast, the results show that in FM, assessment opportunities are presented as defined, planned activities where the goal is to check students’ knowledge. In FM, assessment is fabricated as a need to capture the student’s inner beliefs, thinking and shortcomings. In addition, the results show that students’ mathematical development was greater in the TRC group than in the control group, especially for at-risk-students. This indicates that inclusive mathematics teaching with a focus on reasoning about representations of numbers provides opportunities to develop good numeracy for all students and is particularly supportive to at-risk-students. The results show a positive effect for at-risk-students, and perhaps just as important: no indication that TRC hamper students who are not at-risk-students.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Umeå: Umeå universitet, 2020. p. 75
Series
Doktorsavhandlingar i pedagogiskt arbete, ISSN 1650-8858 ; 90
Series
Umeå studies in Educational Sciences ; 41
Keywords
Preschool-class, mathematics, assessment, intervention, at-risk-student, special educational needs, Förskoleklass, matematik, specialpedagogik, lärande, bedömning, i-risk-elev, intervention, SUM
National Category
Educational Sciences
Research subject
educational work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-168752 (URN)978-91-7855-231-3 (ISBN)978-91-7855-230-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2020-04-03, Aula Anatomica Bio.A.206, Umeå, 10:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2020-03-13 Created: 2020-03-09 Last updated: 2020-05-08Bibliographically approved

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Bagger, AnetteVennberg, Helena

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