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BMI at 4 years of age is associated with previous and current protein intake and with paternal BMI
Umeå universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för kostvetenskap.
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk vetenskap, Pediatrik.
Umeå universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för kostvetenskap.ORCID-id: 0000-0002-5464-5686
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin, Epidemiologi och global hälsa.
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2010 (Engelska)Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, ISSN 0954-3007, E-ISSN 1476-5640, Vol. 64, nr 2, s. 138-145Artikel i tidskrift (Övrigt vetenskapligt) Published
Abstract [en]

Objectives:To evaluate possible associations between body mass index (BMI) at 4 years of age, current and previous dietary intakes and parental BMI.Methods:A follow-up of dietary intake and anthropometry in 127 4-year-old children corresponding to 54% of children who completed an initial intervention study at 18 months of age.Results:Fourteen percent of the girls and 13% of the boys were overweight (age-adjusted BMI>/=25) and 2% of the girls and 3% of the boys were obese (age-adjusted BMI>/=30). Thirty-four percent and 9% of the fathers and 19 and 7% of the mothers were overweight and obese, respectively. BMI at 6-18 months was a strong predictor of BMI at 4 years. Univariate regression analyses revealed that intake of protein in particular, and also of total energy and carbohydrates at 17/18 months and at 4 years, was positively associated with BMI at 4 years. Although BMI at 6-18 months was the strongest predictor of BMI at 4 years, in the final multivariate models of the child's BMI, protein intake at 17-18 months and at 4 years, energy intake at 4 years and the father's-but not the mother's-BMI were also independent contributing factors.Conclusions:Among these healthy children, BMI at 4 years of age tracked from 6 to 18 months of age and were associated with previous and current protein intake as well as parental BMI, particularly that of the father.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
2010. Vol. 64, nr 2, s. 138-145
Nyckelord [en]
Dietary Carbohydrates, Dietary proteins
Nationell ämneskategori
Livsmedelsvetenskap Pediatrik
Forskningsämne
Kostvetenskap; pediatrik
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-3399DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2009.132ISI: 000274232800004PubMedID: 19904295Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-76649131246OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-3399DiVA, id: diva2:142075
Tillgänglig från: 2008-09-05 Skapad: 2008-09-05 Senast uppdaterad: 2024-07-02Bibliografiskt granskad
Ingår i avhandling
1. Health implications of dietary intake in infancy and early childhood
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Health implications of dietary intake in infancy and early childhood
2008 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

Introduction: Swedish children are the healthiest in Europe. Through regular visits to well-baby clinics, infants and young children are checked and parents given information and advice on diet and other relevant matters for their child. For a long time, adequate nutrition during infancy and childhood has been focused on encouraging proper nutrition, preventing malnutrition and deficiency states, and obtaining optimal growth. Today, malnutrition and deficiency states in infants and children are rare. But other public health problems have arisen. Nutrition early in life is now thought to influence health and diseases even in adulthood. Thus promotion of a healthy diet in early life is important for preventing public health diseases such as iron deficiency, cardiovascular disease, obesity, and dental caries.

Aims: This study investigates health implications of dietary intake in infancy and early childhood. More specific focus was on the associations between dietary fat intake and serum lipid levels in infants, early dietary intake, iron status, dental caries, and Body Mass Index (BMI) at 4 years of age. In addition, hereditary factors and changes over time were evaluated.

Methods: Before 6 month of age, 300 healthy infants were recruited from well-baby clinics in Umeå. This thesis is based on secondary analysis of a prospective study in these infants run from 6-18 months and a follow-up of 127 of the children at 4 years. Between 6-18 months and at 4 years, dietary intakes were assessed, anthropometric measures performed, and venous blood samples taken. At 4 years, a dental examination was also performed and anthropometric data and blood samples were collected from parents and included in the study.

Results: All but two infants were ever breastfed and at 6 months 73% were still breastfed. The quality of dietary fat was not within national recommendations. At 4 years, intake of vitamin D and selenium were below and intake of sugar and sweet products above the recommendations. In girls, but not boys, higher polyunsaturated fatty acid intake was associated with lower levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B levels. Iron status of the children was generally good and no child had iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). Children’s haemoglobin (Hb) levels tracked from infancy to 4 years and correlated with their mother’s Hb. Fortified infant products and meat were important sources of iron at both 12 months and 4 years. Children with frequent intake of cheese had less caries in this population with low caries prevalence. We found higher protein intake over time to be associated with higher Body Mass Index (BMI) at 4 years and high BMI at 4 years was associated with high BMI at 6 mo. There was also an association between the BMI of the child and that of its parents.

Conclusions: BMI of the child and parents (especially the father), and iron status at 6 months were predictors of these variables at 4 years of age. The quality rather than the quantity of dietary fat in infancy affected serum lipid values. Even in a healthy and well-nourished group of Swedish infants and young children, quality of food and intake of nutrients are important for current and later health of the child.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Umeå: Kostvetenskap, 2008. s. 66
Nyckelord
Infant nutrition, child nutrition, child health, serum lipids, iron status, caries, BMI
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1812 (URN)987-91-7264-615-5 (ISBN)
Disputation
2008-09-26, Betula, 6M, Norrlands Universitetsjukhus, Umeå, 09:00 (Engelska)
Opponent
Handledare
Tillgänglig från: 2008-09-05 Skapad: 2008-09-05 Senast uppdaterad: 2024-07-02Bibliografiskt granskad

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Öhlund, IngerHernell, OlleHörnell, AgnetaStenlund, HansLind, Torbjörn

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Öhlund, IngerHernell, OlleHörnell, AgnetaStenlund, HansLind, Torbjörn
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Institutionen för kostvetenskapPediatrikEpidemiologi och global hälsa
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European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
LivsmedelsvetenskapPediatrik

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