Umeå University's logo

umu.sePublications
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Ecological embedding: stories of back-to-the-land ecopreneurs and energy descent
Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå School of Business and Economics (USBE), Economics. Umeå University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Umeå School of Business and Economics (USBE), Statistics. (RiseB)ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2717-4433
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis starts with the premise that to address ecological and climate crises, we need to understand their psychological and cultural roots found in the separation of modern societies from the natural world. This separation permeates mainstream approaches to sustainability that either sustain business-as-usual of the unbridled economic growth, or reform it with greener markets and technologies. At the same time, there is an emerging interest in alternative transitional ecopreneurs who have a different relationship with the natural environment and an agency with potentially more radical consequences for societal change. I look at ecopreneurs within the contemporary back-to-the-land movement, asking the following question: How do ecopreneurs reconnect with the land, and what does this mean for degrowth?

My exploration was grounded in a dialogue between the literature on degrowth, ecopreneurship, critical organisational studies, and ecological embeddedness; and the ethnographic study of eleven back-to-the-landers who started small-scale ecological farms and permaculture enterprises in Sweden. I adopted a critical, narrative, and ethnographic research approach. The empirical research consisted of two studies that relied on narrative interviews and deep observations. The result was four essays that together, with the help of stories of back-to-the-land ecopreneurs, develop a process theory of ecological embedding.

Ecological embedding is a process by which an ecopreneur is becoming more rooted in the land that provides the ecological conditions for life and economic activity. This process may be catalysed by psychological suffering in modern societies – an inner revolt – with examples of burn-out from the “rat race”, experiential deprivation of the office work, and ecological anxiety. The way back-to-the-land ecopreneurs develop, nurture, and negotiate their physical, emotional and spiritual ties with the land shapes the ongoing sensemaking and organising that is central to the formation of their alternative livelihoods and enterprises. It is also established that ecological embedding requires physical and psychological work on behalf of the back-to-the-land ecopreneur who navigates the contested terrain between the mainstream economy and alternative degrowth futures.

The overall contribution consists in using the voices of back-to-the-landers in order to present their everyday experiences and critical knowledges about ecological embedding and transitions to a society that lives within planetary boundaries. Back-to-the-landers practice alternative forms of ecopreneurship that depart from the discursive and material conditions of the modern growth economy, and that revolve around a different set of values and objectives such as a more grounded life, non-materialist conceptions of well-being, regenerative ethos, post-capitalist relations, conviviality, resilience, alternative food economies and forms of local development. It is important to recognise the critical role of this new generation of individuals and families who enter alternative agriculture based on environmental and lifestyle aspirations, and who work hard to realise these aspirations on a daily basis, in spite of immense personal challenges and systemic hurdles that come from lacking institutional and political support.

If we take seriously the ecopsychological crises of the modern civilisation and growth capitalism, to reconnect with local ecologies and to creatively downscale our economies becomes crucial. And this is not going to be an easy task.  

Abstract [sv]

Denna avhandling börjar med premissen att vi för att möta de ekologiska kriserna, inklusive klimathotet, behöver förstå krisernas psykologiska och kulturella rötter som återfinns i separationen mellan moderna samhällen och naturen. Denna separation genomsyrar de konventionella hållbarhetsstrategierna som antingen upprätthåller den eviga ekonomiska tillväxten eller reformerar den med grönare marknader och teknik. Samtidigt växer det fram ett intresse för alternativ omställning genom ekoprenörer som har en annorlunda relation till naturen och ett agentskap med potentiellt mer radikala konsekvenser för samhällsförändring. Jag betraktar ekoprenörer inom den nya gröna vågen genom följande fråga: Hur återanknyter ekoprenörer till jorden, och vad betyder detta för nedväxt?   

Mitt utforskande grundade sig i en dialog mellan, å ena sidan, litteraturen inom nedväxt, ekoprenörskap, kritiska organisationsstudier och ekologisk inbäddning, och, å andra sidan, en etnografisk studie av elva ”gröna vågare” som startat småskaliga ekologiska jordbruk och företag inom permakultur i Sverige. Min forskningsansats var kritisk, narrativ och etnografisk. Den empiriska forskningen bestod av två studier som baserades på narrativa intervjuer och djupa observationer. Resultatet blev fyra essäer som tillsammans, med hjälp av berättelser av ekoprenörer inom den nya gröna vågen, utvecklar en processteori av ekologisk inbäddning.

Ekologisk inbäddning är en process genom vilken en ekoprenör förstärker sin relation, och återanknyter till jorden och platsen som ger de ekologiska förutsättningarna för liv och ekonomisk verksamhet. Denna process kan katalyseras av psykologiskt lidande i moderna samhällen – ett inre uppror – med exempel som utbrändhet genom ekorrhjulets krav, kontorsarbetets alienering och klimatångest. Hur ekoprenörer i den gröna vågen utvecklar, vårdar och förhandlar sina fysiska, emotionella och andliga band med jorden formar deras pågående meningsskapande och organisering som är centrala för alternativa livsstilar och verksamheter. Det visar sig även att ekologisk inbäddning kräver fysiskt och psykologiskt arbete av gröna våg-ekoprenören som navigerar i den omstridda terrängen mellan tillväxtekonomin och alternativa framtider bortom tillväxt.

Huvudbidraget är att använda röster av gröna vågare för att presentera vardagliga erfarenheter och kritisk kunskap om ekologisk inbäddning och övergång till ett samhälle som lever inom planetens gränser. De utövar alternativa former av ekoprenörskap som avviker från den moderna tillväxtekonomins diskursiva och materiella förhållanden, och som kretsar kring en annan uppsättning av värden och mål, som ett jordat liv, icke-materialistiska uppfattningar om välbefinnande, regenerativt etos, post-kapitalistiska relationer, resiliens, alternativa matekonomier och former av lokal utveckling. Det är viktigt att erkänna den kritiska roll som en ny generation individer och familjer kan spela; de som kommer in i alternativt jordbruk utifrån sina miljö- och livsstilsambitioner, och som dagligen arbetar hårt för att förverkliga dessa ambitioner trots enorma personliga utmaningar och systemhinder på grund av avsaknat institutionellt och politiskt stöd.

Om vi tar den moderna civilisationens och tillväxtkapitalismens ekopsykologiska kriser på allvar kommer det vara avgörande att återanknyta till lokala ekologiska förhållanden och att skala ner våra ekonomier på kreativa sätt. Och det kommer inte att vara lätt.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Umeå: Umeå University , 2020. , p. 137
Series
Studier i företagsekonomi. Serie B, ISSN 0346-8291
Keywords [en]
alternative organising, back-to-the-land, ecological embedding, ecopreneurship, degrowth, critical perspectives on sustainability, ethnography, narrative storytelling
Keywords [sv]
alternativ organisering, den nya gröna vågen, ekologisk inbäddning, ekoprenörskap, kritiska hållbarhetsperspektiv, etnografi, narrativ ansats, berättelser
National Category
Business Administration
Research subject
Business Studies; sustainability; Ethics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-176385ISBN: 978-91-7855-415-7 (electronic)ISBN: 978-91-7855-414-0 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-176385DiVA, id: diva2:1492913
Public defence
2020-11-27, Triple Helix, Universitetsledningshuset, Umeå Universitet, 901 87, Umeå, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2020-11-06 Created: 2020-11-03 Last updated: 2021-02-17Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Entrepreneurship for resilience: embeddedness in place and in trans-local grassroots networks
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Entrepreneurship for resilience: embeddedness in place and in trans-local grassroots networks
2018 (English)In: Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, ISSN 1750-6204, E-ISSN 1750-6212, Vol. 12, no 3, p. 374-394Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Purpose: This paper aims to contribute to the emerging entrepreneurship research that deals with resilience by examining how embeddedness in place and in trans-local grassroots networks influences proactive entrepreneurship for local resilience.

Design/methodology/approach: Three theoretical propositions are developed on the basis of the existing literature. These propositions are assisted with brief empirical illustrations of grassroots innovations from the context of agri-food systems.

Findings: Embeddedness in place and in trans-local grassroots networks enables proactive entrepreneurship for local resilience. Social-cultural embeddedness in place facilitates access to local resources and legitimacy, and creation of social value in the community. Ecological embeddedness in place facilitates spotting and leveraging of environmental feedbacks and creation of ecological value. Embeddedness in trans-local grassroots networks provides entrepreneurs with unique resources, including globally transferable knowledge about sustainability challenges and practical solutions to these challenges. As result, entrepreneurship for resilience is explained as an embedding process. Embedding means attuning of practices to local places, as well as making global resources, including knowledge obtained in grassroots networks, work in local settings.

Research limitations/implications: Researchers should continue developing the emerging domain of entrepreneurship for resilience.

Practical implications: The objective of resilience and due respect to local environment may entail a need to consider appropriate resourcing practices and organisational models.

Social implications: The critical roles of place-based practices for resilience deserve more recognition in today’s globalised world.

Originality/value: The specific importance of the ecological dimension of embeddedness in place is emphasised. Moreover, by combining entrepreneurship and grassroots innovation literatures, which have talked past each other to date, this paper shows how local and global resources are leveraged throughout the embedding process. Thereby, it opens unexplored research avenues within the emerging domain of entrepreneurship for resilience.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2018
Keywords
Resilience, Place, Grassroots innovations, Social and sustainable entrepreneurship, Social-cultural and ecological embeddedness
National Category
Business Administration
Research subject
Business Studies; sustainability
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-150438 (URN)10.1108/JEC-12-2017-0100 (DOI)000441017800006 ()2-s2.0-85051539043 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2018-08-08 Created: 2018-08-08 Last updated: 2023-03-24Bibliographically approved
2. Suffering catalyzing ecopreneurship: Critical ecopsychology of organizations
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Suffering catalyzing ecopreneurship: Critical ecopsychology of organizations
2023 (English)In: Organization, ISSN 1350-5084, E-ISSN 1461-7323, Vol. 30, no 4, p. 668-693Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The article bridges the gap between ecology and mind in organization theory by exploring the role of psychological suffering for sustainable organizing. In particular, it shows how burn-out, experiential deprivation, and ecological anxiety prompt ecopreneurs within the Swedish back-to-the-land movement to become ecologically embedded. Three counter-practices illustrate how this suffering represents an inner revolt against the exploitative structures of modern society and growth capitalism, and a catalyst for alternative ecopreneurship. The article takes the first steps toward critical ecopsychology of organizations, which offers an ecocentric ontology and a moral-political framework for degrowth transition.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sage Publications, 2023
Keywords
Back-to-the-land, degrowth, ecological embeddedness, ecopreneurship, ecopsychology, suffering
National Category
Business Administration
Research subject
sustainability; Ethics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-176381 (URN)10.1177/13505084211020462 (DOI)000660909200001 ()2-s2.0-85107410961 (Scopus ID)
Note

Originally included in thesis in manuscript form with title: "Suffering catalyzing ecopreneurship: A critical ecopsychology of organizations"

Available from: 2020-11-03 Created: 2020-11-03 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved
3. In Transition Toward the Ecocentric Entrepreneurship Nexus: How Nature Helps Entrepreneur Make Venture More Regenerative Over Time
Open this publication in new window or tab >>In Transition Toward the Ecocentric Entrepreneurship Nexus: How Nature Helps Entrepreneur Make Venture More Regenerative Over Time
2021 (English)In: Organization & environment, ISSN 1086-0266, E-ISSN 1552-7417, Vol. 34, no 4, p. 559-580Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Research on meaning-making has recently enriched our understanding of sustainable entrepreneurship by providing a window into the moral space and the complex reality of entrepreneurs who engage with sustainability issues. This article focuses on meaning-making of one such entrepreneur to explore the role of nature as enabler of sustainable entrepreneurship nexus. It is based on the ethnographic study of the entrepreneur who makes a living out of his pioneering work with forest gardening in Sweden. The transition in meanings that guide the relationship of the entrepreneur with nature, which comes out of the intimate, recursive, and informative exchanges with the ecosystem, makes it possible for nature to come in as a partner and progressively enable the creation of the regenerative venture over time. The emerging regenerative narrative of entrepreneurship stretches beyond the current theories and sets the agenda for ecocentric theorizing about this creative human activity.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sage Publications, 2021
Keywords
ecocentrism, nature as enabler, meaning-making, regenerative entrepreneurship narrative, sustainable entrepreneurship nexus
National Category
Business Administration
Research subject
Business Studies; sustainability; Ethics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-157004 (URN)10.1177/1086026619831448 (DOI)000735291400002 ()2-s2.0-85062475637 (Scopus ID)
Available from: 2019-03-04 Created: 2019-03-04 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved
4. Ecological embedding: New farmers and the everyday politics of making a living on the land
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Ecological embedding: New farmers and the everyday politics of making a living on the land
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Business Administration
Research subject
sustainability; Ethics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-176382 (URN)
Available from: 2020-11-03 Created: 2020-11-03 Last updated: 2020-11-04

Open Access in DiVA

spikblad(131 kB)174 downloads
File information
File name FULLTEXT02.pdfFile size 131 kBChecksum SHA-512
e2e8fa464f27c35a7d656ed719b08da09e5bc6e92968f29bc3aeaa0813151565f78883ae42bf5f79219392988b637f912bdcbe241f5614a2810a1946be8f3223
Type spikbladMimetype application/pdf
fulltext(1378 kB)1724 downloads
File information
File name FULLTEXT04.pdfFile size 1378 kBChecksum SHA-512
57a9d6d0c0c78d69ece8a98c03a9ed3303d7c13c5d5682abc6e4f71bfc2bdd3222390d596a71aed2d10b9390e9f0c178e0e803ab7034f10dc8cdfcfe10cd467f
Type fulltextMimetype application/pdf

Authority records

Vlasov, Maxim

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Vlasov, Maxim
By organisation
EconomicsStatistics
Business Administration

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
Total: 1904 downloads
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

isbn
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

isbn
urn-nbn
Total: 5379 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf