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Distribution of electric field in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder treated with deep brain stimulation of the bed nucleus of stria terminalis
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk vetenskap, Psykiatri.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk vetenskap, Neurovetenskaper. Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom.
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk vetenskap, Psykiatri.
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2022 (Engelska)Ingår i: Acta Neurochirurgica, ISSN 0001-6268, E-ISSN 0942-0940, Vol. 164, s. 193-202Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is being investigated as a treatment for therapy-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Many different brain targets are being trialled. Several of these targets such as the ventral striatum (including the nucleus accumbens (NAc)), the ventral capsule, the inferior thalamic peduncle and the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST)) belong to the same network, are anatomically very close to one another, or even overlap. Data is still missing on how various stimulation parameters in a given target will affect surrounding anatomical areas and impact the clinical outcome of DBS.

Methods: In a pilot study of eleven participants with DBS of the BNST, we investigate through patient-specific simulation of electric field, which anatomical areas are affected by the electric field, and if this can be related to the clinical results. Our study, combined individual patient’s stimulation parameters at 12 and 24-months follow-up with image data from the preoperative MRI and postoperative CT. These data were used to calculate the distribution of electric field and create individual anatomical models of the field of stimulation.

Results: The individual electric stimulation fields by stimulation in the BNST were similar at both the 12 and 24-months follow up, involving mainly anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC), genu of the internal capsule (IC), BNST, fornix, anteromedial globus pallidus externa (GPe) and the anterior commissure. A statistical significant correlation (p < 0.05) between clinical effect measured by the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale and stimulation was found at the 12-month follow up in the ventral ALIC and anteromedial GPe.

Conclusions: Many of the targets under investigation for OCD are in anatomical proximity. As seen in our study, off-target effects are overlapping. Therefore, DBS in the region of ALIC, NAc and BNST may perhaps be considered to be stimulation of the same target.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Springer, 2022. Vol. 164, s. 193-202
Nyckelord [en]
electric field, simulation, deep brain stimulation (DBS), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST)
Nationell ämneskategori
Psykiatri Neurologi
Forskningsämne
psykiatri; neurologi
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-187800DOI: 10.1007/s00701-021-04991-0ISI: 000707561000001PubMedID: 34652518Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85117076172OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-187800DiVA, id: diva2:1596169
Forskningsfinansiär
Vetenskapsrådet, 2016-03564Stiftelsen för strategisk forskning (SSF), BD15-0032
Anmärkning

Originally included in thesis in manuscript form with title: "Distribution of electric field in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder treated with deep brain stimulation of the bed nucleus of stria terminalis".

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Functional Neurosurgery - Other

Tillgänglig från: 2021-09-21 Skapad: 2021-09-21 Senast uppdaterad: 2023-03-24Bibliografiskt granskad
Ingår i avhandling
1. Deep brain stimulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Deep brain stimulation in obsessive-compulsive disorder
2021 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is under investigation for severe obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) resistant to other therapies. As a crucial part of the anxiety circuit in the brain, the bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BNST) has been proposed as a target for DBS in OCD. However, the mechanism of action of BNST DBS in OCD is not yet fully understood. In our studies, the aim was to evaluate the effect and side effects of DBS in the BNST in severe OCD, to investigate which anatomical areas are being affected by the stimulation and what could be the potential mechanism of action of DBS in this target. We also explored the knowledge and concerns regarding DBS in OCD among psychiatrists, psychotherapists and patients suffering from the disorder. We investigate clinical outcomes and safety of DBS in the BNST in a series of 11 participants with severe therapy-refractory OCD. The primary outcome was a change in the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) scores one year after surgery. Using image and stimulation parameter data from the study above, we investigate through participant-specific simulation of the electric field, which anatomical areas are affected by the electric field, and if this can be related to the clinical results. Six of the participants were evaluated with symptom provocation fMRI pre-operatively and in DBS ON and OFF conditions. A web-based study surveyed psychiatrists, patients, and cognitive-behavioural therapists regarding previous knowledge of DBS, source of knowledge, attitudes, and concerns towards the therapy.

At baseline, the mean±SD YBOCS score was 33±3.0. One year after DBS, mean±SD YBOCS score was 20±4.8 (38% improvement (range 10- 60%) p <0.01). Of the 11 participants, six were considered responders (decrease in YBOCS ≥35%) and four partial responders (decrease in YBOCS 25-34%). Surgical adverse events included one case of skin infection leading to reimplantation. The most common transient stimulation-related side-effects were anxiety and insomnia. The individual electric stimulation fields by stimulation in the BNST were similar at the 12 and 24-months follow up, involving mainly the anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC), genu of the internal capsule, BNST, fornix, anteromedial globus pallidus externa (GPe) and the anterior commissure. A statistically significant correlation (p < 0.05) between clinical effect measured by the YBOCS and simulation was found at the 12-month follow-up in the ventral ALIC and anteromedial GPe. A significant decrease in anxiety-related brain activity in the pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) and the anterior insula was seen in 3/6 participants, with a comparable reduction (below significance level) in the other three participants. Results from the survey found that the primary source of information was from scientific sources among psychiatrists and psychotherapists. The patients' primary source of information was the media. Common concerns among the groups included complications from surgery, anaesthesia, stimulation side effects, and the novelty of the treatment. Specific concerns for the groups included; personality changes mentioned by patients and psychotherapists and ethical concerns among psychiatrists.

BNST DBS is a promising therapy in severe therapy-refractory OCD. Our results are in line with previous publications regarding effect and safety profiles. We hypothesise that possible mechanisms of BNST DBS in OCD could be modulation of anxiety-related activity in the pre-SMA and anterior insula, two regions that play an important role in the pathophysiology of OCD. Many of the targets under investigation for OCD are in anatomical proximity, and as seen in our study, offtarget effects overlap. Therefore, DBS in the region of ALIC, NA, and BNST may perhaps be considered to be stimulation of the same target. DBS challenges in obsessive-compulsive disorder consist of source and quality of information, potential long-term adverse effects and eligibility. A broad research agenda is needed for studies as we advance in this field.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Umeå: Umeå universitet, 2021. s. 84
Serie
Umeå University medical dissertations, ISSN 0346-6612 ; 2169
Nyckelord
deep brain stimulation (DBS), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
Nationell ämneskategori
Psykiatri
Forskningsämne
psykiatri
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-187802 (URN)978-91-7855-654-0 (ISBN)978-91-7855-655-7 (ISBN)
Disputation
2021-10-15, Sal A, målpunkt F0, plan 0, Psykiatriska kliniken, NUS, 09:00 (Engelska)
Opponent
Handledare
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Tillgänglig från: 2021-09-24 Skapad: 2021-09-21 Senast uppdaterad: 2021-12-20Bibliografiskt granskad

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