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Illness perceptions and health-related quality of life in women and men with atrial fibrillation
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för omvårdnad.
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk vetenskap, Psykiatri.
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin.
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för folkhälsa och klinisk medicin.ORCID-id: 0000-0003-1877-4381
Visa övriga samt affilieringar
2024 (Engelska)Ingår i: Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, ISSN 0889-4655, E-ISSN 1550-5049, Vol. 39, nr 1, s. 49-57Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

BACKGROUND: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is worse in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) compared with other populations. Factors affecting HRQoL in patients with AF are not fully clarified. Illness perceptions are important determinants of disease management and may affect HRQoL.

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to describe illness perceptions and HRQoL in women and men with AF and to explore the relationship between illness perceptions and HRQoL in patients with AF.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 167 patients with AF. Patients completed the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire and HRQoL questionnaires: Arrhythmia-Specific questionnaire in Tachycardia and Arrhythmias, the three-level version of the EuroQol 5-dimensional questionnaire, and EuroQol visual analog scale. Subscales of the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire significant in correlation analysis with the Arrhythmia-Specific questionnaire in Tachycardia and Arrhythmias HRQoL total scale were included in a multiple linear regression model.

RESULTS: Mean age was 68.7 ± 10.4 years, and 31.1% were women. Women reported lower personal control (P = .039) and worse HRQoL measured with the Arrhythmia-Specific questionnaire in Tachycardia and Arrhythmias physical subscale (P = .047) and the EuroQol visual analog scale (P = .044) compared with men. Illness identity (P < .001), consequences (P = .031), emotional representation (P = .014), and timeline cyclical (P = .022) were related to and adversely affected HRQoL.

CONCLUSIONS: This study found a relationship between illness perceptions and HRQoL. Some subscales of illness perceptions negatively affected HRQoL in patients with AF, which indicates that efforts to change illness perceptions may be helpful in improving HRQoL. Patients should be given the opportunity to talk about the disease, their symptoms, their emotions, and the consequences of the disease to enable increased HRQoL. A challenge for healthcare will be to design support for each patient based on his/her illness perceptions.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Wolters Kluwer, 2024. Vol. 39, nr 1, s. 49-57
Nyckelord [en]
atrial fibrillation, health-related quality of life, illness perceptions
Nationell ämneskategori
Omvårdnad
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-206996DOI: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000995PubMedID: 37074949Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85178651164OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-206996DiVA, id: diva2:1752895
Tillgänglig från: 2023-04-25 Skapad: 2023-04-25 Senast uppdaterad: 2024-04-26Bibliografiskt granskad
Ingår i avhandling
1. Patients’ experiences of atrial fibrillation and an evaluation of a nurse-led person-centred clinic
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Patients’ experiences of atrial fibrillation and an evaluation of a nurse-led person-centred clinic
2024 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Alternativ titel[sv]
Patienters upplevelser av förmaksflimmer samt utvärdering av en sjuksköterskeledd personcentrerad mottagning
Abstract [en]

Background: Living with and managing atrial fibrillation (AF) can be complex. Some people have no symptoms, while others have a significant symptom burden. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is often low and partly associated with symptom burden. However, the impact of the condition on daily life differs between those affected and is not fully understood. Therefore, more knowledge is needed about patients’ experiences of AF and factors influencing HRQoL. Research indicates that the care of patients with AF needs to change and be more based on personal preferences and values.

Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to explore patients’ experiences of AF and to evaluate the effects of a nurse-led, person-centred clinic.

Methods: The thesis contains four studies. Study I was based on interviews with 15 patients about their experiences of living with symptomatic AF. Studies II and III were based on data from questionnaires completed before and 6 months after scheduled electrical cardioversion. Study II was a cross-sectional study with 52 women and 115 men describing illness perceptions and HRQoL and exploring their relationship. Study III was a longitudinal study comparing 53 newly diagnosed (<6 months) and 76 previously diagnosed patients with AF (≥6 months) regarding HRQoL, illness perceptions, symptoms, symptom burden, anxiety and depression. Study IV was a randomised controlled trial evaluating the effects of a nurse-led, person-centred clinic on patient-reported outcomes measures in patients with AF. Patients were randomly assigned to a nurse-led intervention group (n=50) or a control group with a physician visit (n=53) and completed questionnaires on the same subjects as in Study III at baseline before the visit to the clinic and 6 months after. Study I were analysed with qualitative content analysis. The other studies are quantitative and were analysed with descriptive statistics (Studies II–IV), comparative statistics (Studies II–IV), and correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis (Study II).

Results: In Study I, three themes (striving for illness control, becoming a receiver or an active partner in care, and dealing with a changed self-image) were reflected in the main theme, balancing life. The participants described their struggles in understanding AF, preventing recurrence and managing anxiety. Some were not involved in decision-making, lacked continuity of care, felt that most information focused on medical issues and requested more support and self-care advice. Study II showed that HRQoL was related to and negatively affected by attributing more symptoms, severe consequences, and negative emotions (e.g., anxiety, anger) to AF and perceiving AF as recurrent. Women reported worse HRQoL and lower personal control than men. Study III showed that newly diagnosed (vs. previously diagnosed) patients at baseline reported AF as a more temporary condition to a greater extent and had stronger belief that the illness was controllable. After 6 months, newly diagnosed patients reported better HRQoL, higher personal control, and lower symptom burden than previously diagnosed patients. Over time, HRQoL improved and AF symptom burden and symptoms of anxiety decreased in newly diagnosed patients, who viewed the illness as chronic to a greater extent than at baseline. Study IV showed that, in the nurse-led intervention group, the patients’ negative emotions towards AF decreased more than in the control group. In addition, their concerns regarding AF decreased and their personal control increased. In both groups, HRQoL and patients’ understanding of AF improved.

Conclusions: This thesis demonstrates that for many, AF meant a change in life in which they had to manage anxiety and symptoms and oscillate between being strong and weak and a changed self-image. Men (vs. women) and newly diagnosed (vs. previously diagnosed) patients reported more positive outcomes, such as better HRQoL and greater belief in their ability to control AF. Worse HRQoL was associated with negative illness perceptions, such as more perceived recurrences, symptoms, severe consequences, and negative emotions. The findings in Study IV suggest that the support from a nurse-led person-centred clinic may reduce patients’ negative emotions and concerns attributed to AF and improve their personal control.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Umeå: Umeå University, 2024. s. 72
Serie
Umeå University medical dissertations, ISSN 0346-6612 ; 2295
Nyckelord
anxiety, atrial fibrillation, experiences, health-related quality of life, illness perception, nursing, nurse-led clinic, patient-reported outcomes, person-centred care, randomised controlled trial, symptoms, symptom burden
Nationell ämneskategori
Omvårdnad
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-223791 (URN)978-91-8070-345-1 (ISBN)978-91-8070-344-4 (ISBN)
Disputation
2024-05-24, Aula Biologica, Biologihuset, Umeå Universitet, Linnaeus väg 7, Umeå, 09:00 (Svenska)
Opponent
Handledare
Tillgänglig från: 2024-05-03 Skapad: 2024-04-26 Senast uppdaterad: 2024-04-29Bibliografiskt granskad

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Holmlund, LenaHörnsten, CarlValham, FredrikOlsson, KarinHörnsten, ÅsaHellström Ängerud, Karin

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