In 2009, the Swedish parliament decided to introduce tuition fees for students fromoutside the European Economic Area (EEA) and Switzerland. The first tuitionstudentsarrived in 2011. A direct consequence was a decrease by 80 percent ofincoming students. The decision by the lawmakers was debated and questioned bybusiness leaders, students, and representatives for higher education institutions(HEI). In this reflection paper, we present the most common issues in that debateand reflect on those arguments ten years after tuition fees were introduced. Thedebate in Sweden prior to the reform and the following development represents aninteresting case that illustrates some of the dynamics of international studentmobility and the impacts this may have on HEI.