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Prevalence of perceived discrimination, determinants and associations with self-rated general and sexual health, healthcare utilization and self-perceived integration: a cross-sectional survey of migrants in Sweden
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för epidemiologi och global hälsa.ORCID-id: 0000-0002-2061-323X
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för epidemiologi och global hälsa.ORCID-id: 0000-0002-0609-8745
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för epidemiologi och global hälsa.ORCID-id: 0000-0001-7087-1467
2024 (Engelska)Ingår i: BMC Public Health, E-ISSN 1471-2458, Vol. 24, artikel-id 699Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: Sweden has welcomed migrants, but attitudes have shifted, becoming hostile due to populism and the growing number of migrants. This has left migrants feeling unwelcome and marginalized. Few studies have examined the extent to which migrants perceive discrimination, who, why, where and its relationships with different outcomes. This study has two aims: to assess the prevalence, reasons, and determinants of perceived discrimination among migrants (1) and its associations with self-rated health, sexual health, healthcare use, and integration (2).

Methods: We analysed data from a 2018 survey on migrants' sexual and reproductive health and rights. The survey included 1740 migrants aged 16 or older. We used descriptive and log-binomial regression analyses to estimate prevalence, crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (APR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results: About 36% of participants perceived discrimination in Sweden, with ethnic origin (62%) and religion (35%) as main reasons. Perceived discrimination occurred in public spaces (47%), schools (33%), internet (20%), work (19%), public services (18%), residential areas (16%), and healthcare settings (10%). Migrant men (APR: 1.26, CI:1.07–1.49), born in Middle East and North Africa (APR: 1.57, CI:1.26–1.95) and South Asia (APR: 1.61, CI:1.27–2.04) regions, with more than 12 years of education (APR: 1.33, CI:1.10–1.60), a non-heterosexual orientation (APR: 1.21, CI: 1.02–1.43), a non-Christian religion (APR: 1.41, CI: 1.10–1.80), economic stress (APR:1.67, CI: 1.44–1.93) or Swedish language skills (APR: 1.24, CI:1.07–1.43) perceived discrimination more than their counterparts. In contrast, the oldest participants (46 years or more) perceived less discrimination (APR:0.55, CI: 0.37–0.80) than the youngest ones (16–25 years). Moreover, perceived discrimination was associated with poor self-rated general (APR:1.72, CI: 1.45–2.04) and sexual health (APR:1.40, CI:1.2–1.64), integration (APR:1.25, CI:1.14–1.37), and healthcare access (APR: 1.48, 1.16–1.89).

Conclusions: This study shows that migrants in Sweden face widespread perceived discrimination based on ethnicity and religion. This can affect their health, healthcare use, and social integration. The study calls for policies and interventions that tackle systemic perceived discrimination, foster inclusion, and guarantee equal opportunities in accessing healthcare and resources for migrants. It also urges support for vulnerable groups who perceive more discrimination, such as migrants from certain regions or under economic stress.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
BioMed Central (BMC), 2024. Vol. 24, artikel-id 699
Nationell ämneskategori
Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-221889DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18160-2PubMedID: 38443834Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85186878462OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-221889DiVA, id: diva2:1843114
Forskningsfinansiär
FolkhälsomyndighetenTillgänglig från: 2024-03-07 Skapad: 2024-03-07 Senast uppdaterad: 2024-07-02Bibliografiskt granskad

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Nkulu Kalengayi, Faustine KyunguBaroudi, MazenHurtig, Anna-Karin

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