The potential of using Assessment for Learning (AfL) is well established, but studies of AfL practice in groups of students with intellectual disabilities (ID) are rare. The respondents in this study were assistants and teachers working in compulsory school for students with ID. In a two-year project they had worked with translating five AfL key strategies (KSs) to fit their context. The study aimed at exploring this translation to depict the use of AfL KSs in the classes of students with ID and reveal opportunities and challenges. The AfL KSs were used to structure interviews and classroom observations, and an ensuing thematic data analysis. The overall conclusion confirms the potential of using AfL in this context. Three themes depict the overall use of AfL: a whole-class focus, a team approach, and the integrated use of the AfL KSs. Various themes characterise the implementation of each KS, and the opportunities and challenges. The findings implicate benefits for the students, and advantages as well as concerns for the staff. The findings are expected to be of value inside and outside the study’s context. The study demonstrates how contextual variation can contribute to new insights and questions for the AfL research field.