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‘English is a subject that you should teach yourself’: power and learner identity in the language introduction programme in Sweden: [»Angleščina je predmet, ki se ga moraš naučiti sam/-a«: moč in identiteta učenca v programu seznanjanja z jeziki na Švedskem]
Umeå University, Faculty of Arts, Department of language studies.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1039-0984
2024 (English)In: Center for Educational Policy Studies Journal (C·E·P·S Journal), ISSN 1855-9719, E-ISSN 2232-2647, Vol. 14, no 3, p. 67-88Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This article explores students’ perspectives on English language learning in relation to the Language Introduction Programme in Sweden, which is an individual transitional programme for newly arrived immigrants and seeks to quickly transition adolescents into further education or the job market. High proficiency in English is vital in Swedish society, and insufficient knowledge of English can lead to negative long-term consequences for both individuals and society regarding inequality. The methodology used is based on linguistic ethnography, and the data for this article consists of eight semi-structured interviews with students in the programme at one school. Foucauldian perspectives are used to analyse power and the construction of language ideologies relating to the multilingual English-language classroom and learner identity. The results show that the importance of proficiency in English for a successful educational transition from the Language Introduction rarely communicated to students. Furthermore, English is positionedas a subject of low importance within the organisation. The results also show that monolingual norms and language hierarchies limit the students’ability to use their first language when learning English.

Abstract [sl]

Članek raziskuje poglede učencev na učenje angleškega jezika v povezavi s programom seznanjanja z jeziki na Švedskem, ki je individualni prehodni program za na novo prispele priseljence; prizadeva si za hiter prehod mladostnikov v nadaljnje izobraževanje ali na trg dela. Visoko znanje angleščine je v švedski družbi ključnega pomena, nezadostno znanje angleščine pa lahko povzroči negativne dolgoročne posledice za posameznike in družbo, kar se tiče neenakosti. Uporabljena metodologija temelji na jezikovni etnografiji, podatki za ta članek pa so črpani iz osmih polstrukturiranih intervjujev z učenci, ki so vključeni v program na eni šoli. Za analizo moči in konstrukcije jezikovnih ideologij, povezanih z večjezičnim poukom angleščine v razredu in identiteto učenca, so uporabljeni foucaultovski vidiki. Izsledki kažejo, da se o pomenu znanja angleščine za uspešen prehod v izobraževanje iz programa seznanjanja z jeziki učence le redko obvešča. Poleg tega pomanjkanje informacij o pravici do izobraževalne podpore omejuje dostop študentov do enakih izobraževalnih možnosti, angleščino pa potisne v položaj predmeta z nižjo stopnjo pomembnosti znotraj organizacije. Izsledki kažejo tudi, da enojezične norme in jezikovne hierarhije omejujejo možnosti študentov za uporabo svojega prvega jezika pri učenju angleščine.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
University of Ljubljana , 2024. Vol. 14, no 3, p. 67-88
Keywords [en]
English language education, language ideology, learner identity, Language Introduction Programme, power
Keywords [sl]
učenje in poučevanje angleščine, jezikovna ideologija, identiteta učenca, program seznanjanja z jeziki, moč
National Category
Pedagogical Work Specific Languages
Research subject
language teaching and learning; education
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-229999DOI: 10.26529/cepsj.1821Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85208445345OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-229999DiVA, id: diva2:1900621
Available from: 2024-09-24 Created: 2024-09-24 Last updated: 2025-01-23Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. English for others: power and othering in the Language introduction program in Sweden
Open this publication in new window or tab >>English for others: power and othering in the Language introduction program in Sweden
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Alternative title[sv]
Engelska för andra : makt och andrafiering vid Språkintroduktionsprogrammet i Sverige
Abstract [en]

This thesis investigates English-language education at The Language Introduction Program (LIP) in Sweden. LIP is an individual transit program for newly arrived migrant students at upper-secondary school level, designed to ensure a fast transition to further education or the job market (Swedish National Agency for Education, 2013). The methodology used in this thesis is based on linguistic ethnography (Copland & Creese, 2015b), with observations and interviews conducted at two schools – Slope Hill High School and Meadow Hill High School (fictional names) – over the course of one school year. Observations in classrooms, at meetings, and of the school environment were conducted. In addition, semi-structured interviews with students, teachers, principals, and other members of faculty were performed. 

The theoretical framework for this thesis is Foucault’s (2002) perspectives of power, with a particular focus on Foucault’s concepts of biopower and governmentality. In addition to Foucault, postcolonial perspectives of Bhabha (2004) and Said (2003) are used to analyze othering. This thesis also investigates language ideology (Kroskrity, 2000), language hierarchies (Josephson, 2018), and learner identity (Norton, 2013) in a multilingual context. Moreover, this thesis explores the connections between power structures linked to individualization and isolation (Studies 1 and 2), governmentality (Study 3) and othering (Study 4).

The results show that power structures limit the ability of teachers to collaborate, evaluate, and develop their teaching practices. Interwoven in all these structures are monolingual language ideologies and perceptions of LIP students as lacking prior knowledge and capabilities. Furthermore, the thesis shows that students’ first languages (L1s) are not used as a resource when learning English at the LIP, and that the importance of proficiency in English is rarely discussed with LIP students. Instead, the local language (Swedish) is prioritized by the organization. The results also show that, through governmentality, lack of proficiency in English is a gatekeeper to future transitions for LIP students. This thesis shows that all these factors in combination position English as a school subject at LIP of less priority for LIP students, disfavoring English both in regard to resources and support.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Umeå: Umeå University, 2025. p. 128
Series
Doktorsavhandlingar i pedagogiskt arbete, ISSN 1650-8858 ; 102
Series
Studier i språk och litteratur vid Umeå universitet ; 60
Keywords
English-language education, The Language Introduction Program, power, othering, language ideologies, language hierarchies, language learning, panopticon, individualization
National Category
Pedagogical Work
Research subject
educational work
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-234450 (URN)978-91-8070-608-7 (ISBN)978-91-8070-609-4 (ISBN)
Public defence
2025-02-21, Hummelhonung, HUM.D.210. Humanisthuset, Umeå universitet, Umeå, 13:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2025-01-31 Created: 2025-01-23 Last updated: 2025-02-25Bibliographically approved

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Bergström, Jenny

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  • de-DE
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