CpG island methylator phenotype classification improves risk assessment in pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia Show others and affiliations
2025 (English) In: Blood, ISSN 0006-4971, E-ISSN 1528-0020, Vol. 145, no 19, p. 2161-2178Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
Current intensive treatment of pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) has substantial side effects, highlighting a need for novel biomarkers to improve risk stratification. Canonical biomarkers, such as genetics and immunophenotype, are largely not used in pediatric T-ALL stratification. This study aimed to validate the prognostic relevance of DNA methylation CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) risk stratification in 2 pediatric T-ALL patient cohorts: the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology (NOPHO) ALL2008 T-ALL study cohort (n = 192) and the Dutch Childhood Oncology Group (DCOG) ALL-10/ALL-11 validation cohorts (n = 156). Both cohorts revealed that combining CIMP classification at diagnosis with measurable residual disease (MRD) at treatment day 29 (D29) or 33 (D33) significantly improved outcome prediction. The poor prognosis subgroup, characterized by CIMP low/D29 or D33 MRD ≥ 0.1%, had a cumulative incidence of relapse (pCIR5yr) of 29% and 23% and overall survival (pOS5yr) of 59.7% and 65.4%, in NOPHO and DCOG, respectively. Conversely, a good prognosis subgroup was also identified representing CIMP high/D29 or D33 MRD < 0.1% with pCIR5yr of 0% and 3.4% and pOS5yr of 98.2% and 94.8%, in NOPHO and DCOG, respectively. For NOPHO, MRD was also evaluated on D15, and the relapse prediction accuracy of CIMP/D29 MRD (0.79) and CIMP/D15 MRD (0.75) classification was comparable, indicating potential for earlier stratification. The evaluation of the biology behind the CIMP subgroups revealed associations with transcriptome profiles, genomic aberrations, and mitotic history, suggesting distinct routes for leukemia development. In conclusion, integrating MRD assessment with the novel CIMP biomarker has the potential to improve risk stratification in pediatric T-ALL and guide future therapeutic decisions.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages 2025. Vol. 145, no 19, p. 2161-2178
Keywords [en]
T-ALL, DNA methylation, multi-omics, prognosis, MRD, CIMP
National Category
Hematology Pediatrics
Identifiers URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-236478 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2024026027 ISI: 001490844900005 PubMedID: 39841000 Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85219558253 OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-236478 DiVA, id: diva2:1945735
Funder Swedish Childhood Cancer Foundation Swedish Cancer Society Cancerforskningsfonden i Norrland The Kempe Foundations Umeå University Region Västerbotten 2025-03-192025-03-192026-03-12 Bibliographically approved