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Bacterial extracellular vesicles exploit filopodial surfing and retraction mechanisms to reach the host cell body in an actin-dependent manner
Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics. Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, KUST, Kohat, Pakistan.
Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0364-8964
Umeå University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology (Faculty of Medicine).ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1439-6216
Division of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nurnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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2025 (English)In: Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, E-ISSN 2001-3078, Vol. 14, no 6, article id e70107Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Extracellular vesicles derived from gram-negative bacteria are nano-sized particles of different size and origin released by these microbes and are collectively called bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs). These BEVs may serve as vehicles for delivering bacterial molecules to eukaryotic host cells. Depending on the bacterial species, BEVs elicit various host cellular and immunomodulatory responses, often aiding bacterial survival and communication. Early events in the initial interaction between BEVs and the host cell, as well as how BEVs reach the cell body, remain unexplored. In this study, we describe the interaction of BEVs with actin-rich cellular extensions, including filopodia and retraction fibres, which extend from the host cell surface. Using microscopy-based tracking at the single cell level, BEVs were shown to exploit cellular extensions at the cell periphery to reach the main cell body, either by hijacking retracted extensions or by surfing along these extensions in an actin-dependent manner. BEVs bind to the outer surface of the extensions, but no internalization occurs at this stage. Instead, they serve as transport for BEVs to the main cell body, where endocytosis takes place. Importantly, this process appears to be a general phenomenon for BEVs across different bacterial species and cell origins.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2025. Vol. 14, no 6, article id e70107
Keywords [en]
bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs), extracellular processing, filopodia and cellular extensions
National Category
Cell and Molecular Biology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-242114DOI: 10.1002/jev2.70107ISI: 001512969000001PubMedID: 40545962Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105009641411OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-242114DiVA, id: diva2:1983292
Funder
Swedish Cancer Society, 22 2382 PjSwedish Cancer Society, 24 3796 PjUmeå UniversityCancerforskningsfonden i NorrlandAvailable from: 2025-07-10 Created: 2025-07-10 Last updated: 2025-07-10Bibliographically approved

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Ur Rehman, ZiaObi, IkennaNadeem, AftabArnqvist, Anna

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Ur Rehman, ZiaObi, IkennaNadeem, AftabArnqvist, Anna
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Department of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsDepartment of Molecular Biology (Faculty of Medicine)
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